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Punia R, Mor S, Khatri M, Kumar D, Das PP, Jindal DK, Kumar A, Selvaraj P, Kumar R, Mohil R, Jakhar K. Facile synthesis and in silico studies of benzothiazole-linked hydroxypyrazolones targeting α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:999-1027. [PMID: 38910576 PMCID: PMC11221549 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective of the present investigation was to design and synthesize new heterocyclic hybrids comprising benzothiazole and indenopyrazolone pharmacophoric units in a single molecular framework targeting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymatic inhibition. Materials & methods: 20 new benzothiazole-appended indenopyrazoles, 3a-t, were synthesized in good yields under environment-friendly conditions via cycloaddition reaction, and assessed for antidiabetic activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, using acarbose as the standard reference. Results: Among all the hydroxypyrazolones, 3p and 3r showed the best inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which finds support from molecular docking and dynamic studies. Conclusion: Compounds 3p and 3r have been identified as promising antidiabetic agents against α-amylase and α-glucosidase and could be considered valuable leads for further optimization of antidiabetic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Punia
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Satbir Mor
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Mohini Khatri
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Priyanku Pradip Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Jindal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, 125001, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, 125001, India
| | - Prem Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (B.H.U.), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (B.H.U.), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajni Mohil
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Nalwa, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Komal Jakhar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
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Punia R, Mor S, Sindhu S, Kumar D, Pradip Das P, Kumar Jindal D, Kumar A, Mohil R, Jakhar K. Design, synthesis, α-amylase and glucose diffusion inhibition, and molecular docking studies of new indenopyrazolones bearing benzothiazole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 103:129692. [PMID: 38452826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
An eco-friendly facile synthesis of a series of twenty 1-(4/6-substitutedbenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-(phenyl/substitutedphenyl)indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones 7a-t was achieved by the reaction of 2-(benzoyl/substitutedbenzoyl)-(1H)-indene-1,3(2H)-dione 3a-t and 2-hydrazinyl-4/6-substitutedbenzo[d]thiazole 6a-t in presence of freshly dried ethanol and glacial acetic acid under reflux conditions in good yields. The newly synthesized derivatives were well characterized using different physical and spectral techniques (FTIR, 1H NMR & 13C NMR, and HRMS). All the compounds were subjected to assess their in vitro α-amylase and glucose diffusion inhibitory activity. Amongst them, the compounds 7i and 7l showed better α-amylase inhibitory activity demonstrating IC50 values of 92.99±1.94 µg/mL and 95.41±3.92 µg/mL, respectively in comparison to the standard drug acarbose (IC50 value of 103.60±2.15 µg/mL). The derivatives 7d and 7k exhibited good glucose diffusion inhibition with values of 2.25±1.16 µg/mL and 2.63±1.45 µg/mL, respectively with standard reference acarbose (2.76±0.55 µg/mL). The observed α-amylase inhibitory activity findings were corroborated through molecular docking investigations, particularly for the highly active compounds 7i (binding energy -8.0 kcal/mol) and 7l (binding energy -8.2 kcal/mol) respectively, in comparison to acarbose with a value of binding energy -6.9 kcal/mol for α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Punia
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Satbir Mor
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India.
| | - Suchita Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Priyanku Pradip Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Jindal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Rajni Mohil
- Department of Chemistry, Government College, Nalwa, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Komal Jakhar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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Amin A, Khazir ZU, Ji A, Bhat BA, Murtaza D, Hurrah AA, Bhat IA, Parveen S, Nisar S, Sharma PK. Anti-lung Cancer Activity of Synthesized Substituted 1,4-Benzothiazines: An Insight from Molecular Docking and Experimental Studies. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2024; 24:358-371. [PMID: 37957911 DOI: 10.2174/0118715206276737231103114924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiazine, a 6-membered distinctive heterocyclic motif with sulfur and nitrogen atoms, is one of the heterocyclic compounds that functions as a core scaffold in a number of medicinally significant molecules. Small thiazine-based compounds may operate simultaneously on numerous therapeutic targets and by employing a variety of methods to halt the development, proliferation, and vasculature of cancer cells. We have, herein, reported a series of substituted 1,4 benzothiazines as potential anticancer agents for the treatment of lung cancer. METHODS In order to synthesize 2,3-disubstituted-1,4 benzothiazines in good yield, a facile green approach for the oxidative cycloaddition of 2-amino benzenethiol and 1,3-dicarbonyls employing a catalytic amount of ceric ammonium nitrate has been devised. All the molecules have been characterized by spectral analysis and tested for anticancer activity against the A-549 lung cancer cell line using various functional assays. Further in silico screening of compound 3c against six crucial inflammatory molecular targets, such as Il1-α (PDB ID: 5UC6), Il1- β (PDB ID: 6Y8I), Il6 (PDB ID: 1P9M), vimentin (PDB ID: 3TRT), COX-2 (PDB ID: 5KIR), Il8 (PDB ID: 5D14), and TNF-α (PDB ID: 2AZ5), was done using AutoDock tool. RESULTS Among the synthesized compounds, propyl 3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-2- carboxylate (3c) was found to be most active based on cell viability assays using A-549 lung cancer cell line and was found to effectively downregulate various pro-inflammatory genes, like Il1-α, Il1-β, Il6, vimentin, COX-2, Il8, and TNF-α in vitro. The ability of the molecule to effectively suppress the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells in vitro has been further demonstrated by the colony formation unit assay and wound healing assay. Molecular docking analysis showed the maximal binding affinity (- 7.54 kcal/mol) to be exhibited by compound 3c against IL8. CONCLUSION A green unconventional route for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted-1,4 benzothiazines has been developed. All the molecules were screened for their activity against lung cancer and the data suggested that the presence of an additional unbranched alkyl group attached to the thiazine ring increased their activity. Also, in vitro and in silico modeling confirmed the anti-cancer efficiency of compound 3c, encouraging the exploration of such small molecules against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Amin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Zubaid-Ul- Khazir
- Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Arfa Ji
- Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
- Laboratory of Nanotherapeutics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Basharat Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Dar Murtaza
- Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Aaqib A Hurrah
- Transcriptomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Imtiyaz A Bhat
- Department of Endocrinology, Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, J&K, 190011, India
| | - Shaheena Parveen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, J&K, 190011, India
| | - Syed Nisar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, J&K, 190011, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
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Qadir T, Kanth SA, Aasif M, Fadul AN, Yatoo GN, Jangid K, Mir MA, Shah WA, Sharma PK. Design, synthesis, and unraveling the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of 2-azidobenzothiazoles: insights from a comprehensive in vitro study. Front Chem 2023; 11:1264747. [PMID: 37744062 PMCID: PMC10513370 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1264747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the synthesis of 2-azidobenzothiazoles from substituted 2-aminobenzothiazoles using sodium nitrite and sodium azide under mild conditions. All the synthesized compounds were examined for their antibacterial activity against Gram (+) bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 51299), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876) and Gram (-) bacteria, Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 10145), Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC BAA-2146)and clinical isolates of Gram (+) Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Multi Drug Resistant E. coli. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values by broth dilution method revealed that compound 2d exhibited significant antibacterial potential against E. faecalis and S. aureus with MIC of 8 μg/mL, while other synthesized compounds had only moderate effects against all the tested species. The compound significantly inhibited the biofilm formation of the bacterial strains below its MIC. The selective cytotoxicity of Compound 2d towards bacterial cells was evidenced on extended exposure of Human Embryonic Kidney-293 cell line to higher concentrations of the compound. Hence, the present study confirmed that compound 2d can be a potential drug candidate for future development as an antibacterial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeela Qadir
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Saadat A. Kanth
- Centre of Research for Development and P.G Programme in Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammad Aasif
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abdalla N. Fadul
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gulam N. Yatoo
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kailash Jangid
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Mushtaq A. Mir
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajahat A. Shah
- Laboratory of Natural Product and Designing Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Praveen K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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Khodykina ES, Steglenko DV, Vetrova EV, Pugachev AD, Galkina MS, Borodkina IG, Lesin AV, Demidov OP, Metelitsa AV, Kolodina AA. Intramolecular Cyclization of the
ortho
‐Substituted
N
‐arylquinone Imines under Basic and Thermal Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia S. Khodykina
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry V. Steglenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Elena V. Vetrova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Artem D. Pugachev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Maria S. Galkina
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Inna G. Borodkina
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V. Lesin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Oleg P. Demidov
- Department of Chemistry of the Institutes of Mathematics and Natural Sciences North Caucasus Federal University 1a Pushkina St. Stavropol 355009 Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly V. Metelitsa
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra A. Kolodina
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal University 194/2 Stachki St. Rostov on Don 344090 Russian Federation
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Broudic N, Pacheco-Benichou A, Fruit C, Besson T. Synthesis of 2-Cyanobenzothiazoles via Pd-Catalyzed/Cu-Assisted C-H Functionalization/Intramolecular C-S Bond Formation from N-Arylcyanothioformamides. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238426. [PMID: 36500519 PMCID: PMC9738468 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We report herein on a catalytic system involving palladium and copper to achieve the cyclization of N-arylcyanothioformamides and the synthesis of 2-cyanobenzothiazoles. The C-H functionalization/intramolecular C-S bond formation reaction was achieved in the presence of air, using 2.0 equiv of an inorganic additive (KI). In many cases, the reaction led to a sole product regioselectively obtained in good yields, allowing the synthesis of a wide range of substituted 2-cyanobenzothiazole derivatives, providing valuable building blocks for the design of more complex heterocyclic or molecular labeling systems.
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Sudhakar C, Saravanabhavan M, Ramesh K, Badavath V, Chandrasekar S, Babu B, Sekar M. Pharmacological and quantum chemical studies of 2-aminobenzo[d]thiazol-3-ium 4-chlorobenzenesulphonate: Synthesis, spectral, thermal analysis and structural elucidation. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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