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Yu K, Su X, Zhou T, Cai X, Zhang M. EEPD1 attenuates radiation-induced cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis by degrading FOXO3A in cardiomyocytes. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024. [PMID: 39210825 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a severe delayed complication of thoracic irradiation (IR). Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase family domain-containing 1 ( EEPD1) plays an important role in DNA damage repair, but its role in RIHD is less known. In this study, EEPD1 global knockout mice, C57BL/6J mice, and C57BL/6J mice overexpressing EEPD1 are treated with radiation at a total dose of 20 Gy or 0 Gy. After 9 weeks, echocardiography is used to assess cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis. The results show that EEPD1 deletion exacerbates radiation-induced cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis, while EEPD1 overexpression has the opposite effect. Further mechanistic investigations reveal that EEPD1 interacts with FOXO3A and destabilizes it by catalyzing its deubiquitination. Inhibition of FOXO3A ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis after EEPD1 knockdown. Thus, EEPD1 protects against radiation-induced cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis via destabilization of FOXO3A, which may offer new insight into therapeutic strategies for RIHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Tongfang Zhou
- Radiotherapy Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xuwei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Chest Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
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2
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Lv C, Zeng Q, Qi L, Wang Y, Li J, Sun H, Du L, Hao S, Li G, Feng C, Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang X, Ma R, Wang T, Li Q. Sodium Selenite Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in Cervical Cancer Cells via Mitochondrial ROS-Activated AMPK/mTOR/FOXO3a Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1004. [PMID: 39199249 PMCID: PMC11352036 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13081004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element known for its significant role in maintaining human health and mitigating disease progression. Selenium and its compounds exhibit high selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells. However, their anti-cervical cancer (CC) effects and underlying mechanisms have not been fully explored. This study found that sodium selenite (SS) inhibits the viability of HeLa and SiHa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Intraperitoneal injection of 3 and 6 mg/kg SS for 14 days in female nude mice significantly inhibited the growth of HeLa cell xenografts without evident hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity. RNA sequencing results indicated that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Forkhead box protein O (FOXO), and apoptosis signaling pathways are key regulatory pathways in SS's anti-CC effects, and SS's inhibition of HeLa cell proliferation may be related to autophagy and ROS-induced apoptosis. Further research has revealed that SS induces cell autophagy and apoptosis through the AMPK/mTOR/FOXO3a pathway, characterized by the upregulation of p-AMPK/AMPK, FOXO3a, LC3-II, cleaved-caspase3, and cleaved-PARP and the downregulation of p-mTOR/mTOR and p62. Additionally, SS impaired mitochondrial function, including decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, and accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Pretreatment with Mitoquinone mesylate (Mito Q) and compound C partially reversed SS-induced apoptosis, autophagy, and proliferation inhibition. Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) enhances SS-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition in HeLa cells but reverses these effects in SiHa cells. In summary, SS induces apoptosis, autophagy, and proliferation inhibition in HeLa and SiHa cells through the activation of the AMPK/mTOR/FOXO3a signaling pathway via mtROS. Autophagy activation may be a major risk factor for SS-induced apoptosis in SiHa cells but can protect HeLa cells from SS-induced apoptosis. These findings provide new evidence for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying SS in potential new drug development for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunqi Lv
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qingyu Zeng
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lei Qi
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Huixin Sun
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Linlin Du
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shuxiu Hao
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Guijin Li
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xinshu Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (C.L.)
- Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, Ministry of Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
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3
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Guo J, Wang J, Zhang P, Wen P, Zhang S, Dong X, Dong J. TRIM6 promotes glioma malignant progression by enhancing FOXO3A ubiquitination and degradation. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:101999. [PMID: 38759605 PMCID: PMC11127279 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE TRIM6, an E3 ubiquitin ligase with tripartite motif, directly targets protein substrates for degradation through ubiquitination. Studies have shown that TRIM6 plays a significant role in tumor development in various human malignancies. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the importance of TRIM6 and its associated mechanism in promoting the progression of glioma. METHODS The expression of TRIM6 and its prognostic value in glioma patients were collected from the TCGA and CGGA databases. The effects of TRIM6 on glioma were investigated in vitro by CCK8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Co-IP and western blot analysis were used to detect the interaction between TRIM6 and FOXO3A. The effects of TRIM6 were verified in vivo in subcutaneously xenograft models, and tumor size, and immunohistochemical changes were observed. RESULTS Our analysis of TRIM6 expression in glioma tissues revealed a high level of expression, and the heightened expression of TRIM6 showed a positive correlation with the unfavorable prognosis among glioma/GBM patients. Through loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments, we observed a profound impact on the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of glioma cells both in vitro and in vivo upon deletion of TRIM6. Conversely, the overexpression of TRIM6 intensified the malignant characteristics of glioma. Additionally, our findings revealed a significant interaction between TRIM6 and FOXO3A, wherein TRIM6 contributed to the destabilization of FOXO3A protein by promoting its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Experiments conducted in the rescue study affirmed that the promotion of glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration is facilitated by TRIM6 through the suppression of FOXO3A protein levels. CONCLUSIONS These observations imply that the TRIM6-FOXO3A axis could potentially serve as an innovative focus for intervening in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingpeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui 236000, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The People's Hospital of Rugao, Nantong, Jiangsu 226500, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Shoudan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Xuchen Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.
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Velayutham N, Garbern JC, Elwell HLT, Zhuo Z, Rüland L, Elcure Alvarez F, Frontini S, Rodriguez Carreras Y, Eichholtz M, Ricci‐Blair E, Shaw JY, Bouffard AH, Sokol M, Mancheño Juncosa E, Rhoades S, van den Berg D, Kreymerman A, Aoyama J, Höfflin J, Ryan H, Ho Sui S, Lee RT. P53 Activation Promotes Maturational Characteristics of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes in 3-Dimensional Suspension Culture Via FOXO-FOXM1 Regulation. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033155. [PMID: 38934864 PMCID: PMC11255683 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current protocols generate highly pure human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in vitro that recapitulate characteristics of mature in vivo cardiomyocytes. Yet, a risk of arrhythmias exists when hiPSC-CMs are injected into large animal models. Thus, understanding hiPSC-CM maturational mechanisms is crucial for clinical translation. Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors regulate postnatal cardiomyocyte maturation through a balance between FOXO and FOXM1. We also previously demonstrated that p53 activation enhances hiPSC-CM maturation. Here, we investigate whether p53 activation modulates the FOXO/FOXM1 balance to promote hiPSC-CM maturation in 3-dimensional suspension culture. METHODS AND RESULTS Three-dimensional cultures of hiPSC-CMs were treated with Nutlin-3a (p53 activator, 10 μM), LOM612 (FOXO relocator, 5 μM), AS1842856 (FOXO inhibitor, 1 μM), or RCM-1 (FOXM1 inhibitor, 1 μM), starting 2 days after onset of beating, with dimethyl sulfoxide (0.2% vehicle) as control. P53 activation promoted hiPSC-CM metabolic and electrophysiological maturation alongside FOXO upregulation and FOXM1 downregulation, in n=3 to 6 per group for all assays. FOXO inhibition significantly decreased expression of cardiac-specific markers such as TNNT2. In contrast, FOXO activation or FOXM1 inhibition promoted maturational characteristics such as increased contractility, oxygen consumption, and voltage peak maximum upstroke velocity, in n=3 to 6 per group for all assays. Further, by single-cell RNA sequencing of n=2 LOM612-treated cells compared with dimethyl sulfoxide, LOM612-mediated FOXO activation promoted expression of cardiac maturational pathways. CONCLUSIONS We show that p53 activation promotes FOXO and suppresses FOXM1 during 3-dimensional hiPSC-CM maturation. These results expand our understanding of hiPSC-CM maturational mechanisms in a clinically-relevant 3-dimensional culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedhitha Velayutham
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Jessica C. Garbern
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of CardiologyBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Hannah L. T. Elwell
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Zhu Zhuo
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of BiostatisticsHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Laura Rüland
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Farid Elcure Alvarez
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Sara Frontini
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Yago Rodriguez Carreras
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Marie Eichholtz
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Elisabeth Ricci‐Blair
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Jeanna Y. Shaw
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Aldric H. Bouffard
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Morgan Sokol
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Estela Mancheño Juncosa
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | - Daphne van den Berg
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Alexander Kreymerman
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Junya Aoyama
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | | | - Shannan Ho Sui
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of BiostatisticsHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Anwar S, Zafar M, Hussain MA, Iqbal N, Ali A, Sadaf, Kaur S, Najm MZ, Kausar MA. Unravelling the therapeutic potential of forkhead box proteins in breast cancer: An update (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:92. [PMID: 38847267 PMCID: PMC11177173 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a prominent cause of mortality among women, develops from abnormal growth of breast tissue, thereby rendering it one of the most commonly detected cancers in the female population. Although numerous treatment strategies are available for breast cancer, discordance in terms of effective treatment and response still exists. Recently, the potential of signaling pathways and transcription factors has gained substantial attention in the cancer community; therefore, understanding their role will assist researchers in comprehending the onset and advancement of breast cancer. Forkhead box (FOX) proteins, which are important transcription factors, are considered crucial regulators of various cellular activities, including cell division and proliferation. The present study explored several subclasses of FOX proteins and their possible role in breast carcinogenesis, followed by the interaction between microRNA (miRNA) and FOX proteins. This interaction is implicated in promoting cell infiltration into surrounding tissues, ultimately leading to metastasis. The various roles that FOX proteins play in breast cancer development, their intricate relationships with miRNA, and their involvement in therapeutic resistance highlight the complexity of breast cancer dynamics. Therefore, recognizing the progress and challenges in current treatments is crucial because, despite advancements, persistent disparities in treatment effectiveness underscore the need for ongoing research, with future studies emphasizing the necessity for targeted strategies that account for the multifaceted aspects of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubashir Zafar
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Asif Hussain
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Iqbal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar Ali
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Simran Kaur
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Mohammad Zeeshan Najm
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia
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Li H, Tang X, Sun Z, Qu Z, Zou X. Integrating bioinformatics and experimental models to investigate the mechanism of the chelidonine-induced mitotic catastrophe via the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 axis in breast cancer cells. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:560-574. [PMID: 37976368 PMCID: PMC11088894 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most frequent and lethal cancer among women, and therefore, identification of novel biomarkers and potential anticancer agents for BC is crucial. Chelidonine is one of the main active ingredients of Chelidonium majus, which has been applied in Chinese medicine prescriptions to treat cancer. This paper aimed to evaluate the ability of chelidonine to trigger mitotic catastrophe in BC cells and to clarify its mechanism through the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 pathway. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) was downregulated in different subtypes of BC. Factors such as age, stage, Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grade, diverse BC subclasses, and triple-negative status were inversely correlated to FOXO3 levels in BC patients compared with healthy controls. Notably, patients exhibiting higher FOXO3 expression levels demonstrated better overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Moreover, FOXM1 levels were negatively correlated with both OS and RFS in BC patients. These results revealed that FOXO3 might be considered a predictive biomarker for the prognosis of BC. By utilizing Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), we delved into the main Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathways of FOXO3, and the results suggested that FOXO3 was mainly involved in cancer-related pathways and the cell cycle. Thereafter, MTT and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis indicated that chelidonine inhibited BC cell line proliferation and induced M phase arrest. It was found that chelidonine treatment induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis, significantly reduced the expression of survivin and promoted the expression of p53 and caspase-9. Further morphological observation illustrated depolymerization of the actin skeleton and shortening of actin filaments in BC cells, leading to the typical characteristics of mitotic catastrophe, such as abnormal mitosis and multinucleated cells. Western blot analysis demonstrated that chelidonine inhibited the expression of p-AKT to promote the expression of FOXO3 protein and weaken the expression levels of FOXM1 and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Taken together, our present work proved that FOXO3 might be considered a potential therapeutic target for BC. Chelidonine emerges as a promising agent to treat BC by inducing M phase arrest of BC cells and hindering the AKT/FOXO3/FOXM1 axis, thereby inducing mitotic catastrophe in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Xiyu Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongyuan Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Zou
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
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7
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Merjaneh N, Hajjar M, Lan YW, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. The Promise of Combination Therapies with FOXM1 Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:756. [PMID: 38398147 PMCID: PMC10886945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a transcription factor in the forkhead (FOX) family, which is required for cellular proliferation in normal and neoplastic cells. FOXM1 is highly expressed in many different cancers, and its expression is associated with a higher tumor stage and worse patient-related outcomes. Abnormally high expression of FOXM1 in cancers compared to normal tissue makes FOXM1 an attractive target for pharmacological inhibition. FOXM1-inhibiting agents and specific FOXM1-targeted small-molecule inhibitors have been developed in the lab and some of them have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles in mouse models. While the future goal is to translate FOXM1 inhibitors to clinical trials, potential synergistic drug combinations can maximize anti-tumor efficacy while minimizing off-target side effects. Hence, we discuss the rationale and efficacy of all previously studied drug combinations with FOXM1 inhibitors for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Merjaneh
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Mona Hajjar
- The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
- Division of Neonatology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
- Department of Child Health, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Phoenix Children’s Research Institute, The University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA; (Y.-W.L.)
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8
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Sadaf, Hazazi A, Alkhalil SS, Alsaiari AA, Gharib AF, Alhuthali HM, Rana S, Aloliqi AA, Eisa AA, Hasan MR, Dev K. Role of Fork-Head Box Genes in Breast Cancer: From Drug Resistance to Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2159. [PMID: 37626655 PMCID: PMC10452497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has been acknowledged as one of the most notorious cancers, responsible for millions of deaths around the globe. Understanding the various factors, genetic mutations, comprehensive pathways, etc., that are involved in the development of breast cancer and how these affect the development of the disease is very important for improving and revitalizing the treatment of this global health issue. The forkhead-box gene family, comprising 19 subfamilies, is known to have a significant impact on the growth and progression of this cancer. The article looks into the various forkhead genes and how they play a role in different types of cancer. It also covers their impact on cancer drug resistance, interaction with microRNAs, explores their potential as targets for drug therapies, and their association with stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Ali Hazazi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samia S. Alkhalil
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.F.G.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Amal F. Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.F.G.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Hayaa M. Alhuthali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (A.F.G.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Shanika Rana
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Gurugram 122003, India;
| | - Abdulaziz A. Aloliqi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Alaa Abdulaziz Eisa
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Raghibul Hasan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India;
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Cui W, Xie N, Lam EWF, Hahn-Stromberg V, Liu N, Zhang H, Sun XF. High expression of cytoplasmic FOXO3 protein associated with poor prognosis of rectal cancer patients: A study from Swedish clinical trial of preoperative radiotherapy to big database analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15342. [PMID: 37131452 PMCID: PMC10149220 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Accumulating evidence has implicated a pivotal role for FOXO3, FOXM1 and SIRT6 in cancer progression. The majority of researches focused on the functions of these proteins in drug resistance, but their relationships with radiotherapy (RT) response remain unclear. In this study, we examined protein expression of FOXO3, FOXM1 and SIRT6 and their clinical significance in a Swedish rectal cancer trial of preoperative RT. Methods Expression of FOXO3, FOXM1 and SIRT6 protein was examined by immunohistochemistry in patient samples. Genetic analysis of FOXO3, FOXM1 and SIRT6 were performed by cBioportal and MEXPRESS database. Gene-gene network analysis was conducted using GeneMANIA. Functional enrichment analysis was performed based on LinkedOmics and Metascape online software. Results FOXO3 and FOXM1were mainly expressed in the cytoplasm in both normal and tumour tissues, and SIRT6 in both the cytoplasm and nucleus in normal and tumour tissues. FOXO3 and FOXM1 expression increased from normal mucosa to primary cancer (P < 0.001), while SIRT6 expression decreased from normal mucosa to primary cancer (P < 0.001). High FOXO3 expression correlated with late TNM stage (P = 0.040), distant metastasis (P = 0.032) and independently with disease free survival (DFS) in the RT patients (HR = 7.948; P = 0.049; 95% CI = 1.002-63.032) but not in non-RT patients (P > 0.05). Genetic analysis indicated that DNA methylation status contributed to FOXO3 overexpression. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that FOXO3 was closely related to metabolism-related signalling pathway which in turn associated with cancer radioresistance. Moreover, there were strong gene-gene interactions between FOXO3 and metabolism-related signalling. Conclusions Our findings suggest that FOXO3 may be a prognostic factor in rectal cancer patients with RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyingqi Cui
- Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ning Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Eric W.-F. Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | | | - Na Liu
- Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Corresponding author.Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Oncology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Corresponding author. ;
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10
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Li J, Chen P, Wu Q, Guo L, Leong KW, Chan KI, Kwok HF. A novel combination treatment of antiADAM17 antibody and erlotinib to overcome acquired drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through the FOXO3a/FOXM1 axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:614. [PMID: 36456730 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
After the identification of specific epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating mutations as one of the most common oncogenic driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), several EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) with different clinical efficacies have been approved by various health authorities in the last two decades in targeting NSCLC harboring specific EGFR-activating mutations. However, most patients whose tumor initially responded to the first-generation EGFR-TKI developed acquired resistance. In this study, we developed a novel combination strategy, "antiADAM17 antibody A9(B8) + EGFR-TKIs", to enhance the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs. The addition of A9(B8) was shown to restore the effectiveness of erlotinib and overcome acquired resistance. We found that when A9(B8) antibody was treated with erlotinib or gefitinib, the combination treatment synergistically increased apoptosis in an NSCLC cell line and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Interestingly, the addition of A9(B8) could only reduce the survival of the erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell line and inhibit the growth of erlotinib-resistant tumors in vivo but not gefitinib-resistant cells. Furthermore, we revealed that A9(B8) overcame erlotinib resistance through the FOXO3a/FOXM1 axis and arrested the cell cycle at the G1/S phase, resulting in the apoptosis of cancer cells. Hence, this study establishes a novel, promising strategy for overcoming acquired resistance to erlotinib through the FOXO3a/FOXM1 axis by arresting the cell cycle at the G1/S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Li
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Pengchen Chen
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Qiushuang Wu
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Libin Guo
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Ka Weng Leong
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Kin Iong Chan
- Department of Pathology, Kiang Wu Hospital, Macau, Macau SAR
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR. .,MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida de Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR.
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11
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ECPPF (E2F1, CCNA2, POLE, PPP2R1A, FBXW7) stratification: Profiling high-risk subtypes of histomorphologically low-risk and treatment-insensitive endometrioid endometrial cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278408. [PMID: 36454788 PMCID: PMC9714733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In endometrial cancer, occult high-risk subtypes (rooted in histomorphologically low-risk disease) with insensitivity to adjuvant therapies impede improvements in therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, we aimed to assess the ability of molecular high-risk (MHR) and low-risk (MLR) ECPPF (E2F1, CCNA2, POLE, PPP2R1A, FBXW7) stratification to profile recurrence in early, low-risk endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) and insensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy or radiotherapy (or both) in high-risk EEC. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas endometrial cancer database, we identified 192 EEC cases with available DNA sequencing and RNA expression data. Molecular parameters were integrated with clinicopathologic risk factors and adverse surveillance events. MHR was defined as high (-H) CCNA2 or E2F1 log2 expression (≥2.75), PPP2R1A mutations (-mu), or FBXW7mu; MLR was defined as low (-L) CCNA2 and E2F1 log2 expression (<2.75). We assessed 164 cases, plus another 28 with POLEmu for favorable-outcomes comparisons. MHR and MLR had significantly different progression-free survival (PFS) rates (P < .001), independent of traditional risk factors (eg, TP53mu), except for stage IV disease. PFS of CCNA2-L/E2F1-L paralleled that of POLEmu. ECPPF status stratified responses to adjuvant therapy in stage III-IV EEC (P < .01) and profiled stage I, grade 1-2 cases with risk of recurrence (P < .001). MHR was associated with CTNNB1mu-linked treatment failures (P < .001). Expression of homologous recombination repair (HR) and cell cycle genes was significantly elevated in CCNA2-H/E2F1-H compared with CCNA2-L/E2F1-L (P<1.0E-10), suggesting that HR deficiencies may underlie the favorable PFS in MLR. HRmu were detected in 20.7%. No treatment failures were observed in high-grade or advanced EEC with HRmu (P = .02). Favorable PFS in clinically high-risk EEC was associated with HRmu and MLR ECPPF (P < .001). In summary, MLR ECPPF and HRmu were associated with therapeutic efficacy in EEC. MHR ECPPF was associated with low-risk, early-stage recurrences and insensitivity to adjuvant therapies.
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12
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Ghosh S, Singh R, Vanwinkle ZM, Guo H, Vemula PK, Goel A, Haribabu B, Jala VR. Microbial metabolite restricts 5-fluorouracil-resistant colonic tumor progression by sensitizing drug transporters via regulation of FOXO3-FOXM1 axis. Theranostics 2022; 12:5574-5595. [PMID: 35910798 PMCID: PMC9330515 DOI: 10.7150/thno.70754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival rate of colorectal cancer patients is adversely affected by the selection of tumors resistant to conventional anti-cancer drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5FU). Although there is mounting evidence that commensal gut microbiota is essential for effective colon cancer treatment, the detailed molecular mechanisms and the role of gut microbial metabolites remain elusive. The goal of this study is to decipher the impact and mechanisms of gut microbial metabolite, urolithin A (UroA) and its structural analogue, UAS03 on reversal of 5FU-resistant (5FUR) colon cancers. Methods: We have utilized the SW480 and HCT-116 parental (5FU-sensitive) and 5FUR colon cancer cells to examine the chemosensitization effects of UroA or UAS03 by using both in vitro and in vivo models. The effects of mono (UroA/UAS03/5FU) and combinatorial therapy (UroA/UAS03 + 5FU) on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration and invasion, regulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) mediators, expression and activities of drug transporters, and their regulatory transcription factors were examined using molecular, cellular, immunological and flowcytometric methods. Further, the anti-tumor effects of mono/combination therapy (UroA or UAS03 or 5FU or UroA/UAS03 + 5FU) were examined using pre-clinical models of 5FUR-tumor xenografts in NRGS mice and azoxymethane (AOM)-dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colon tumors. Results: Our data showed that UroA or UAS03 in combination with 5FU significantly inhibited cell viability, proliferation, invasiveness as well as induced apoptosis of the 5FUR colon cancer cells compared to mono treatments. Mechanistically, UroA or UAS03 chemosensitized the 5FUR cancer cells by downregulating the expression and activities of drug transporters (MDR1, BCRP, MRP2 and MRP7) leading to a decrease in the efflux of 5FU. Further, our data suggested the UroA or UAS03 chemosensitized 5FUR cancer cells to 5FU treatment through regulating FOXO3-FOXM1 axis. Oral treatment with UroA or UAS03 in combination with low dose i.p. 5FU significantly reduced the growth of 5FUR-tumor xenografts in NRGS mice. Further, combination therapy significantly abrogated colonic tumors in AOM-DSS-induced colon tumors in mice. Conclusions: In summary, gut microbial metabolite UroA and its structural analogue UAS03 chemosensitized the 5FUR colon cancers for effective 5FU chemotherapy. This study provided the novel characteristics of gut microbial metabolites to have significant translational implications in drug-resistant cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Rajbir Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Zachary Matthew Vanwinkle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Haixun Guo
- Department of Radiology, Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK campus, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Bodduluri Haribabu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Venkatakrishna Rao Jala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brown Cancer Center, Center for Microbiomics, Inflammation and Pathogenicity, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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13
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Han B, Sun Y, Zhang X, Yue P, Tian M, Yan D, Yin F, Qin B, Zhao Y. Exogenous proline enhances susceptibility of NSCLC to cisplatin via metabolic reprogramming and PLK1-mediated cell cycle arrest. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:942261. [PMID: 35910374 PMCID: PMC9330219 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.942261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of cisplatin resistance is still the main factor limiting the therapeutic effect of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is urgent to elucidate the resistance mechanism and develop novel treatment strategies. Targeted metabolomics was first performed to detect amino acids’ content in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells considering the relationship between tumour metabolic rearrangement and chemotherapy resistance and chemotherapy resistance. We discovered that levels of most amino acids were significantly downregulated, whereas exogenous supplementation of proline could enhance the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin, evidenced by inhibited cell viability and tumour growth in vitro and xenograft models. In addition, the combined treatment of proline and cisplatin suppressed ATP production through disruption of the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified the cell cycle as the top enriched pathway in co-therapy cells, accompanied by significant down-regulation of PLK1, a serine/threonine-protein kinase. Mechanistic studies revealed that PLK1 inhibitor (BI2536) and CDDP have synergistic inhibitory effects on NSCLC cells, and cells transfected with lentivirus expressing shPLK1 showed significantly increased toxicity to cisplatin. Inhibition of PLK1 inactivated AMPK, a primary regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest via FOXO3A-FOXM1 axis mediated transcriptional inhibition in cisplatin-resistant cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that exogenous proline exerts an adjuvant therapeutic effect on cisplatin resistance, and PLK1 may be considered an attractive target for the clinical treatment of cisplatin resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Han
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bingjie Han,
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Yue
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiling Tian
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fanxiang Yin
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Qin
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Translational Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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14
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Castaneda M, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Forkhead Box Transcription Factors: Double-Edged Swords in Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2057-2065. [PMID: 35315926 PMCID: PMC9258984 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of treatment options exist for cancer therapeutics, but many are limited by side effects and either intrinsic or acquired resistance. The need for more effective targeted cancer treatment has led to the focus on forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors as possible drug targets. Forkhead factors such as FOXA1 and FOXM1 are involved in hormone regulation, immune system modulation, and disease progression through their regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Forkhead factors can influence cancer development, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we discuss the various roles of forkhead factors in biological processes that support cancer as well as their function as pioneering factors and their potential as targetable transcription factors in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Castaneda
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sendurai A. Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Corresponding Author: Sendurai A. Mani, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Suite 910, Houston, TX 77030-3304. Phone: 713-792-9638; E-mail:
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15
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Li X, Jia Y, Wang J, Ao X. FOXO3a in cancer drug resistance. Cancer Lett 2022; 540:215724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Wu SQ, Huang SH, Lin QW, Tang YX, Huang L, Xu YG, Wang SP. FDI-6 and olaparib synergistically inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer by repressing BUB1, BRCA1 and CDC25A signaling pathways. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:106040. [PMID: 34954029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Inducing homologous recombination (HR) deficiency is a promising strategy to broaden the indication of PARP1/2 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer treatment. In addition to inhibition kinases, repression of the transcriptional function of FOXM1 has been reported to inhibit HR-mediated DNA repair. We found that FOXM1 inhibitor FDI-6 and PARP1/2 inhibitor Olaparib synergistically inhibited the malignant growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The results of bioinformatic analysis and mechanistic study showed that FOXM1 directly interacted with PARP1. Olaparib induced the feedback overexpression of PARP1/2, FOXM1, CDC25A, CCND1, CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CDC25B, BRCA1/2 and Rad51 to promote the acceleration of cell mitosis and recovery of DNA repair, which caused the generation of adaptive resistance. FDI-6 reversed Olaparib-induced adaptive resistance and inhibited cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair by repressing the expression of FOXM1, PARP1/2, BUB1, CDC25A, BRCA1 and other genes-involved in cell cycle control and DNA damage repair. We believe that targeting FOXM1 and PARP1/2 is a promising combination therapy for pancreatic cancer without HR deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shi-Hui Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian-Wen Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yun-Gen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Šimoničová K, Janotka Ľ, Kavcová H, Sulová Z, Breier A, Messingerova L. Different mechanisms of drug resistance to hypomethylating agents in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 61:100805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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The Use of Nanomedicine to Target Signaling by the PAK Kinases for Disease Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123565. [PMID: 34944073 PMCID: PMC8700304 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases involved in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and the regulation of cell morphology. Some members of the PAK family are highly expressed in several types of cancer, and they have also been implicated in several other medical disorders. They are thus considered to be good targets for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Although there are several inhibitors of the PAKs, the utility of some of these inhibitors is reduced for several reasons, including limited metabolic stability. One way to overcome this problem is the use of nanoparticles, which have the potential to increase drug delivery. The overall goals of this review are to describe the roles for PAK kinases in cell signaling and disease, and to describe how the use of nanomedicine is a promising new method for administering PAK inhibitors for the purpose of disease treatment and research. We discuss some of the basic mechanisms behind nanomedicine technology, and we then describe how these techniques are being used to package and deliver PAK inhibitors.
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19
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Wang SP, Wu SQ, Huang SH, Tang YX, Meng LQ, Liu F, Zhu QH, Xu YG. FDI-6 inhibits the expression and function of FOXM1 to sensitize BRCA-proficient triple-negative breast cancer cells to Olaparib by regulating cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1138. [PMID: 34880209 PMCID: PMC8654856 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Inducing homologous-recombination (HR) deficiency is an effective strategy to broaden the indications of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Herein, we find that repression of the oncogenic transcription factor FOXM1 using FOXM1 shRNA or FOXM1 inhibitor FDI-6 can sensitize BRCA-proficient TNBC to PARP inhibitor Olaparib in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies show that Olaparib causes adaptive resistance by arresting the cell cycle at S and G2/M phases for HR repair, increasing the expression of CDK6, CCND1, CDK1, CCNA1, CCNB1, and CDC25B to promote cell cycle progression, and inducing the overexpression of FOXM1, PARP1/2, BRCA1/2, and Rad51 to activate precise repair of damaged DNA. FDI-6 inhibits the expression of FOXM1, PARP1/2, and genes involved in cell cycle control and DNA damage repair to sensitize TNBC cells to Olaparib by blocking cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair. Simultaneously targeting FOXM1 and PARP1/2 is an innovative therapy for more patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shi-Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Hui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu-Qiong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yun-Gen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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20
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Lu Z, Song W, Zhang Y, Wu C, Zhu M, Wang H, Li N, Zhou Y, Xu H. Combined Anti-Cancer Effects of Platycodin D and Sorafenib on Androgen-Independent and PTEN-Deficient Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:648985. [PMID: 34026624 PMCID: PMC8138035 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.648985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant (androgen-independent) and PTEN-deficient prostate cancer is a challenge in clinical practice. Sorafenib has been recommended for the treatment of this type of cancer, but is associated with several adverse effects. Platycodin D (PD) is a triterpene saponin with demonstrated anti-cancer effects and a good safety profile. Previous studies have indicated that PC3 cells (PTEN -/-, AR -/-) are sensitive to PD, suggesting that it may also be a useful treatment for castration-resistance prostate cancer. We herein investigated the effects of combining PD with sorafenib to treat PTEN-deficient prostate cancer cells. Our data show that PD promotes sorafenib-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in PC3 cells. Of interest, PD only promoted the anti-cancer effects of sorafenib in Akt-positive and PTEN-negative prostate cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that PD promoted p-Akt ubiquitination by increasing the p-Akt level. PD also increased the protein and mRNA expression of FOXO3a, the downstream target of Akt. Meanwhile, PD promoted the activity of FOXO3a and increased the protein expression of Fasl, Bim and TRAIL. Interestingly, when FOXO3a expression was inhibited, the antitumor effects of both PD and sorafenib were individually inhibited, and the more potent effects of the combination treatment were inhibited. Thus, the combination of PD and sorafenib may exert potent anti-cancer effects specifically via FOXO3a. The use of Akt inhibitors or FOXO3a agonists, such as PD, may represent a promising approach for the treatment of androgen-independent and PTEN-deficient prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongliang Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changpeng Wu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Banan District People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Li Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Wang X, Chen L, Wang S. BKM120 sensitizes BRCA-proficient triple negative breast cancer cells to olaparib through regulating FOXM1 and Exo1 expression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4774. [PMID: 33637776 PMCID: PMC7910492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors offer a significant clinical benefit for triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) with BRCA1/2 mutation. However, the narrow clinical indication limits the development of PARP inhibitors. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition sensitizes BRCA-proficient TNBC to PARP inhibition, which broadens the indication of PARP inhibitors. Previously researches have reported that PI3K inhibition induced the defect of homologous recombination (HR) mediated repair by downregulating the expression of BRCA1/2 and Rad51. However, the mechanism for their synergistic effects in the treatment of TNBC is still unclear. Herein, we focused on DNA damage, DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) repair and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair three aspects to investigate the mechanism of dual PI3K and PARP inhibition in DNA damage response. We found that dual PI3K and PARP inhibition with BKM120 and olaparib significantly reduced the proliferation of BRCA-proficient TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA231-LM2. BKM120 increased cellular ROS to cause DNA oxidative damage. Olaparib resulted in concomitant gain of PARP1, forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and Exonuclease 1 (Exo1) while inhibited the activity of PARP. BKM120 downregulated the expression of PARP1 and PARP2 to assist olaparib in blocking PARP mediated repair of DNA SSBs. Meanwhile, BKM120 inhibited the expression of BRAC1/2 and Rad51/52 to block HR mediated repair through the PI3K/Akt/NFκB/c-Myc signaling pathway and PI3K/Akt/ FOXM1/Exo1 signaling pathway. BKM120 induced HR deficiency expanded the application of olaparib to HR proficient TNBCs. Our findings proved that PI3K inhibition impaired the repair of both DNA SSBs and DNA DSBs. FOXM1 and Exo1 are novel therapeutic targets that serves important roles in DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Yuantao Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Wanpeng Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Shuping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China.
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22
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Huang J, Pan H, Wang J, Wang T, Huo X, Ma Y, Lu Z, Sun B, Jiang H. Unfolded protein response in colorectal cancer. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:26. [PMID: 33514437 PMCID: PMC7844992 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a gastrointestinal malignancy originating from either the colon or the rectum. A growing number of researches prove that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is closely related to the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer. The UPR has three canonical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein sensors: inositol requiring kinase 1 (IRE1), pancreatic ER eIF2α kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Each of the three pathways is closely associated with CRC development. The three pathways are relatively independent as well as interrelated. Under ER stress, the activated UPR boosts the protein folding capacity to maximize cell adaptation and survival, whereas sustained or excessive ER triggers cell apoptosis conversely. The UPR involves different stages of CRC pathogenesis, promotes or hinders the progression of CRC, and will pave the way for novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. Meanwhile, the correlation between different signal branches in UPR and the switch between the adaptation and apoptosis pathways still need to be further investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayang Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinge Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & College of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Huo
- Pediatrics Department of The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Bosquet JG, Zhang Q, Cliby WA, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Cen L, Dowdy SC, Sherman ME, Weroha SJ, Clayton AC, Kipp BR, Halling KC, Couch FJ, Podratz KC. Association of a novel endometrial cancer biomarker panel with prognostic risk, platinum insensitivity, and targetable therapeutic options. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245664. [PMID: 33503056 PMCID: PMC7840025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, the age-adjusted mortality rate for endometrial cancer (EC) increased 1.9% annually with TP53 mutant (TP53-mu) EC disproportionally represented in advanced disease and deaths. Therefore, we aimed to assess pivotal molecular parameters that differentiate clinical outcomes in high- and low-risk EC. Using the Cancer Genome Atlas, we analyzed EC specimens with available DNA sequences and quantitative gene-specific RNA expression data. After polymerase ɛ (POLE)-mutant specimens were excluded, differential gene-specific mutations and mRNA expressions were annotated and integrated. Consequent to TP53-mu failure to induce p21, derepression of multiple oncogenes harboring promoter p21 repressive sites was observed, including CCNA2 and FOXM1 (P < .001 compared with TP53 wild type [TP53-wt]). TP53-wt EC with high CCNA2 expression (CCNA2-H) had a targeted transcriptomic profile similar to that of TP53-mu EC, suggesting CCNA2 is a seminal determinant for both TP53-wt and TP53-mu EC. CCNA2 enhances E2F1 function, upregulating FOXM1 and CIP2A, as observed in TP53-mu and CCNA2-H TP53-wt EC (P < .001). CIP2A inhibits protein phosphatase 2A, leading to AKT inactivation of GSK3β and restricted oncoprotein degradation; PPP2R1A and FBXW7 mutations yield similar results. Upregulation of FOXM1 and failed degradation of FOXM1 is evidenced by marked upregulation of multiple homologous recombination genes (P < .001). Integrating these molecular aberrations generated a molecular biomarker panel with significant prognostic discrimination (P = 5.8×10−7); adjusting for age, histology, grade, myometrial invasion, TP53 status, and stage, only CCNA2-H/E2F1-H (P = .0003), FBXW7-mu/PPP2R1A-mu (P = .0002), and stage (P = .017) were significant. The generated prognostic molecular classification system identifies dissimilar signaling aberrations potentially amenable to targetable therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Gonzalez Bosquet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Qing Zhang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - William A. Cliby
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jamie N. Bakkum-Gamez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ling Cen
- Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sean C. Dowdy
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Mark E. Sherman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - S. John Weroha
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Amy C. Clayton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Benjamin R. Kipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kevin C. Halling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Karl C. Podratz
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Li Z, Yu DS, Doetsch PW, Werner E. Replication stress and FOXM1 drive radiation induced genomic instability and cell transformation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235998. [PMID: 33253193 PMCID: PMC7703902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the vast majority of research that has focused on the immediate effects of ionizing radiation, this work concentrates on the molecular mechanism driving delayed effects that emerge in the progeny of the exposed cells. We employed functional protein arrays to identify molecular changes induced in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (HBEC3-KT) and osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS) and evaluated their impact on outcomes associated with radiation induced genomic instability (RIGI) at day 5 and 7 post-exposure to a 2Gy X-ray dose, which revealed replication stress in the context of increased FOXM1b expression. Irradiated cells had reduced DNA replication rate detected by the DNA fiber assay and increased DNA resection detected by RPA foci and phosphorylation. Irradiated cells increased utilization of homologous recombination-dependent repair detected by a gene conversion assay and DNA damage at mitosis reflected by RPA positive chromosomal bridges, micronuclei formation and 53BP1 positive bodies in G1, all known outcomes of replication stress. Interference with the function of FOXM1, a transcription factor widely expressed in cancer, employing an aptamer, decreased radiation-induced micronuclei formation and cell transformation while plasmid-driven overexpression of FOXM1b was sufficient to induce replication stress, micronuclei formation and cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - David S. Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Doetsch
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity and Structural Biology, NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erica Werner
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Ros S, Wright AJ, D'Santos P, Hu DE, Hesketh RL, Lubling Y, Georgopoulou D, Lerda G, Couturier DL, Razavi P, Pelossof R, Batra AS, Mannion E, Lewis DY, Martin A, Baird RD, Oliveira M, de Boo LW, Linn SC, Scaltriti M, Rueda OM, Bruna A, Caldas C, Brindle KM. Metabolic Imaging Detects Resistance to PI3Kα Inhibition Mediated by Persistent FOXM1 Expression in ER + Breast Cancer. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:516-533.e9. [PMID: 32976773 PMCID: PMC7562820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PIK3CA, encoding the PI3Kα isoform, is the most frequently mutated oncogene in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Isoform-selective PI3K inhibitors are used clinically but intrinsic and acquired resistance limits their utility. Improved selection of patients that will benefit from these drugs requires predictive biomarkers. We show here that persistent FOXM1 expression following drug treatment is a biomarker of resistance to PI3Kα inhibition in ER+ breast cancer. FOXM1 drives expression of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) but not hexokinase 2 (HK-II). The downstream metabolic changes can therefore be detected using MRI of LDH-catalyzed hyperpolarized 13C label exchange between pyruvate and lactate but not by positron emission tomography measurements of HK-II-mediated trapping of the glucose analog 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluorodeoxyglucose. Rapid assessment of treatment response in breast cancer using this imaging method could help identify patients that benefit from PI3Kα inhibition and design drug combinations to counteract the emergence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ros
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Alan J Wright
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paula D'Santos
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - De-En Hu
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard L Hesketh
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yaniv Lubling
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dimitra Georgopoulou
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulia Lerda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dominique-Laurent Couturier
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, X and Department of Pathology, Y and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rapahel Pelossof
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, X and Department of Pathology, Y and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ankita S Batra
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elizabeth Mannion
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Y Lewis
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alistair Martin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard D Baird
- Breast Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mafalda Oliveira
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonora W de Boo
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine C Linn
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, X and Department of Pathology, Y and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge, UK; Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK.
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26
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Umar SA, Tasduq SA. Integrating DNA damage response and autophagy signalling axis in ultraviolet-B induced skin photo-damage: a positive association in protecting cells against genotoxic stress. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36317-36336. [PMID: 35517978 PMCID: PMC9057019 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin acts as both physical as well as an immunological barrier against hazardous agents from the outside environment and protects the internal organs against damage. Skin ageing is a dynamic process caused by the influence of various external factors, including damage from ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation, which is known as photo-ageing, and due to internal chronological mechanisms. A normal ageing process requires several orchestrated defense mechanisms to diverse types of stress responses, the concomitant renewal of cellular characteristics, and the homeostasis of different cell types that directly or indirectly protect the integrity of skin. Cumulative oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses and their adverse impact on biological systems in the skin are a common mechanism of the ageing process, negatively impacting DNA by causing mutations that lead to many physiological, functional, and aesthetic changes in the skin, culminating in the development of many diseases, including photo-damage and photo-carcinogenesis. Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet-(B) elicits the activation of signal transduction pathways, including DNA damage response, autophagy, and checkpoint signal adaptations associated with clearing radiation-induced DNA damage. Recent experimental reports suggest that autophagy is involved in maintaining skin homeostasis upon encountering different stresses, notably genotoxic stress. It has also been revealed that autophagy positively regulates the recognition of DNA damage by nucleotide excision repair and that skin ageing is associated with defects in the autophagy process. Moreover, autophagy is constitutively active in the skin epithelium, imparting protection to skin cells against a diverse range of outside insults, thus increasing resistance to environmental stressors. It has also been found that the stress-induced suppression of the autophagy response in experimental settings leads to enhanced apoptosis during photo-ageing upon UV-B exposure and that the maintenance of homeostasis depends on cellular autophagy levels. More recent reports in this domain claim that relieving the oxidative-stress-mediated induction of the ER stress response upon UV-B irradiation protects skin cells from photo-damage effects. The integration of autophagy and the DNA damage response under genotoxic stress is being considered as a meaningful partnership for finding novel molecular targets and devising suitable therapeutic strategies against photo-ageing disorders. Here, we summarize and review the current understanding of the mechanisms governing the intricate interplay between autophagy and the DNA damage response and its regulation by UV-B, the roles of autophagy in regulating the cellular response to UV-B-induced photodamage, and the implications of the modulation of autophagy as a meaningful partnership in the treatment and prevention of photoaging disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Ahmad Umar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India +91-1912569000-10 ext.332
| | - Sheikh Abdullah Tasduq
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine Jammu Tawi Jammu and Kashmir India +91-1912569000-10 ext.332
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27
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Ding D, Ao X, Li M, Miao S, Liu Y, Lin Z, Wang M, He Y, Wang J. FOXO3a-dependent Parkin regulates the development of gastric cancer by targeting ATP-binding cassette transporter E1. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2740-2755. [PMID: 32914432 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Parkin has been shown to be a tumor suppressor in a variety of malignancies, including GC. However, the mechanism of Parkin in GC remains unclear. In this study, the low expression of Parkin in GC cells and patient tumor tissues was observed, and Parkin inhibited proliferation and migration of GC cells. Additionally, doxorubicin (DOX) upregulated the expression of Parkin and promoted its anticancer effect. Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) is a crucial transcription factor that involves in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. Here, we found that FOXO3a inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and promotes apoptosis in GC by regulating Parkin expression at the transcriptional level. In addition, Parkin inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting ATP-binding box protein E1 (ABCE1) expression. In summary, our results demonstrated a new regulatory axis of FOXO3a-Parkin-ABCE1 that modulated GC cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, and it can serve as a potential therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuo Miao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhijuan Lin
- Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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28
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Abstract
Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors regulate diverse biological processes, affecting development, metabolism, stem cell maintenance and longevity. They have also been increasingly recognised as tumour suppressors through their ability to regulate genes essential for cell proliferation, cell death, senescence, angiogenesis, cell migration and metastasis. Mechanistically, FOXO proteins serve as key connection points to allow diverse proliferative, nutrient and stress signals to converge and integrate with distinct gene networks to control cell fate, metabolism and cancer development. In consequence, deregulation of FOXO expression and function can promote genetic disorders, metabolic diseases, deregulated ageing and cancer. Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the primary tumour often via the bloodstream or the lymphatic system and is the major cause of cancer death. The regulation and deregulation of FOXO transcription factors occur predominantly at the post-transcriptional and post-translational levels mediated by regulatory non-coding RNAs, their interactions with other protein partners and co-factors and a combination of post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitination. This review discusses the role and regulation of FOXO proteins in tumour initiation and progression, with a particular emphasis on cancer metastasis. An understanding of how signalling networks integrate with the FOXO transcription factors to modulate their developmental, metabolic and tumour-suppressive functions in normal tissues and in cancer will offer a new perspective on tumorigenesis and metastasis, and open up therapeutic opportunities for malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannasittha Jiramongkol
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Hu K, Xie W, Ni S, Yan S, Tian G, Qi W, Duan Y. Cadmium chloride enhances cisplatin sensitivity in osteosarcoma cells by reducing FOXM1 expression. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:650-660. [PMID: 32627005 PMCID: PMC7336512 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant disease and is associated with a poor patient prognosis and a high mortality rate. Disease prognosis significantly correlates with chemotherapeutic responses. Cadmium is a heavy metal with specific effects on bone, but its benefits for osteosarcoma treatment have not been characterized. In the present study, cadmium chloride was used to treat MG63 osteosarcoma cells, and their gene expression profiles were assessed by GeneChip technology. We found that forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) was downregulated by cadmium chloride, and lentiviral‑mediated silencing of FOXM1 confirmed a role for this factor in the cisplatin resistance of MG63 cells. In nude mice, cadmium chloride enhanced the sensitivity of osteosarcoma to cisplatin, an effect mediated by FOXM1. Collectively, these data indicate that cadmium chloride can alter the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin through FOXM1, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic factor for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konghe Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, P.R. China
| | - Wenquan Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, P.R. China
| | - Songjia Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
| | - Shumin Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, P.R. China
| | - Gaoqiang Tian
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512025, P.R. China
| | - Weizhong Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Weizhong Qi or Dr Yang Duan, Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Yang Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Weizhong Qi or Dr Yang Duan, Department of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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Zhou F, Sun Y, Gao Q, Wang H. microRNA-21 regulates the proliferation of placental cells via FOXM1 in preeclampsia. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1871-1878. [PMID: 32782495 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study determined the expression of microRNA (miRNA or miR)-21 and forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) in placenta and blood samples from patients with preeclampsia (PE), and investigated the relationship between miR-21 and FOXM1. A total of 32 pregnant women with PE and 28 healthy pregnant women were included in the study as the experimental and control groups, respectively. Placental tissues and peripheral blood were collected from all subjects. ELISA was performed to measure the level of FOXM1 protein in the blood. HTR8/SVneo cells overexpressing miR-21 were established by transfection with agomiR-21. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to measure the expression of FOXM1 mRNA and miR-21 in the placenta, blood and cells, and western blotting was used to evaluate FOXM1 protein expression in the placenta. An MTT assay was also performed to assess cell viability. In addition, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to investigate the direct interaction between FOXM1 and miR-21. The occurrence of PE was found to be associated with reduced FOXM1 mRNA levels, and elevated FOXM1 protein expression may serve a regulatory role that when attenuated leads to the occurrence of PE. Furthermore, miR-21 may serve a regulatory role in the pathology of PE by downregulating FOXM1 expression at the transcriptional level. In HTR8/SVneo cells, the overexpression of miR-21 reduced cell viability, possibly via the reduction of FOXM1 expression. The dual-luciferase assay indicated that miR-21 directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region of FOXM1 to regulate its expression. The present study demonstrated that the expression of FOXM1 mRNA and protein is downregulated, whereas the expression of miR-21 is upregulated in the placenta and blood samples of PE patients. In conclusion, miR-21 may regulate placental cell proliferation via its effects on FOXM1 to promote the occurrence and development of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenmei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaian First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yanlan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaian First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaian First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Huaian First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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The high protein expression of FOXO3, but not that of FOXO1, is associated with markers of good prognosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6920. [PMID: 32332845 PMCID: PMC7181619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To better define the role of FOXO1 and FOXO3 transcriptional factors in breast carcinogenesis, we performed a comparative study of their expression at both the RNA and protein levels in a series of human breast tumors. We used qRT-PCR assay to quantify mRNA expression and Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA) to quantify protein expression in 218 breast tumors from patients with known clinical/pathological status and outcome. Weak correlations were observed between mRNA and protein expressions for both FOXO1 and FOXO3 genes. High expression of FOXO3 protein, but not FOXO1 protein, was a good prognostic marker, negatively correlated with KI67 and markers of activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR oncogenic pathway, and positively correlated with p53, a marker of apoptosis. Moreover, FOXO3 protein expression, but not FOXO1 protein expression, was also negatively correlated with various proteins involved in different DNA repair mechanisms. FOXO3 protein, but not FOXO1 protein, appears to be a tumor suppressor that inhibits breast cancer by altering DNA damage response (DDR), thereby inducing p53-dependent apoptosis. This antitumor effect appears to be suppressed by excessive activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. High FOXO3 protein expression could be a biomarker of deficient DDR in breast tumors.
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Guo F, Li J, Qi Y, Hou J, Chen H, Jiang SW. HE4 overexpression decreases pancreatic cancer Capan-1 cell sensitivity to paclitaxel via cell cycle regulation. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:163. [PMID: 32435154 PMCID: PMC7218645 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel is a first-line chemotherapy drug for pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial cancers and other malignancies. However, its efficacy is often compromised by decreased cell sensitivity or the development of resistance. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is highly expressed in gynecologic and pancreatic cancer tissues, and its serum levels are used for patient triage and assistant diagnosis of gynecologic cancers. Previous studies have shown that HE4 overexpression could promote cancer cell proliferation and the growth of tumor xenografts, which suggests its potential involvement in cancer chemosensitivity. METHODS Two pancreatic cancer cell lines, Capan-1 and Suit-2, were transiently transfected with an HE4 overexpression plasmid, and transfected cells were treated with paclitaxel. S-phase cells were labeled using BrdU, and cell positivity rates were determined by counting BrdU-positive cells. Following HE4 overexpression and/or drug treatment, a western blotting analysis was performed to determine the protein alterations of PCNA and p21, two important cell cycle regulators. RESULTS HE4 overexpression not only promoted the proliferation of the Capan-1 pancreatic cells, but also significantly decreased cell sensitivity to paclitaxel. Results from western blotting showed that paclitaxel inhibited cell proliferation by decreasing the expression of PCNA and increasing the expression of p21. Data analysis indicated interactive actions between HE4 function and paclitaxel effects, both converging to cell cycle regulation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that HE4 could be a potential therapeutic target for the sensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment. HE4 expression levels may be used to predict the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer patients to paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbiao Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214123 Jiangsu China
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404 USA
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404 USA
- Department of Surgery, Anderson Cancer Center, Memorial Hospital University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404 USA
| | - Yaozhi Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Lianyungang, 222005 Jiangsu China
| | - Jianqing Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qingdao University Medical College Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000 Shandong China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041 Guangdong China
| | - Shi-Wen Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214123 Jiangsu China
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404 USA
- Department of Surgery, Anderson Cancer Center, Memorial Hospital University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404 USA
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Entrenching role of cell cycle checkpoints and autophagy for maintenance of genomic integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 86:102748. [PMID: 31790874 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genomic integrity of the cell is crucial for the successful transmission of genetic information to the offspring and its survival. Persistent DNA damage induced by endogenous and exogenous agents leads to various metabolic manifestations. To combat this, eukaryotes have developed complex DNA damage response (DDR) pathway which senses the DNA damage and activates an arsenal of enzymes for the repair of damaged DNA. The active pathways for DNA repair are nucleotide excision repair (NER), base excision repair (BER) and mismatch repair (MMR) for single-strand break repair whereas homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) for double-strand break repair. OGG1 is a DNA glycosylase which initiates BER while Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) protein complex is the primary responder to DSBs which gets localized to damage sites. DNA damage response is meticulously executed by three related kinases: ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK. ATM- and ATR-dependent phosphorylation of p53, Chk1, and Chk2 regulate the G1/S, intra-S, or G2/M checkpoints of the cell cycle, respectively. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of DNA repair and maintains the cellular homeostasis. Genotoxic stress-induced altered autophagy occurs in a P53 dependent manner which is also the master regulator of genotoxic stress. A plethora of proteins involved in autophagy is regulated by p53 which involve DRAM, DAPK, and AMPK. As evident, the mtDNA is more prone to damage than nuclear DNA because of its close proximity to the site of ROS generation. Depending on the extent of damage either the repair mechanism or mitophagy gets triggered. SIRT1 is the master regulator which directs the stress response to mitophagy. Nix, a LC3 adapter also participates in Parkin mediated mitophagy. This review highlights the intricate crosstalks between DNA damage and cell cycle checkpoints activation. The DNA damage mediated regulation of autophagy and mitophagy is also reviewed in detail.
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Fasano C, Disciglio V, Bertora S, Lepore Signorile M, Simone C. FOXO3a from the Nucleus to the Mitochondria: A Round Trip in Cellular Stress Response. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091110. [PMID: 31546924 PMCID: PMC6769815 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress response is a universal mechanism that ensures the survival or negative selection of cells in challenging conditions. The transcription factor Forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3a) is a core regulator of cellular homeostasis, stress response, and longevity since it can modulate a variety of stress responses upon nutrient shortage, oxidative stress, hypoxia, heat shock, and DNA damage. FOXO3a activity is regulated by post-translational modifications that drive its shuttling between different cellular compartments, thereby determining its inactivation (cytoplasm) or activation (nucleus and mitochondria). Depending on the stress stimulus and subcellular context, activated FOXO3a can induce specific sets of nuclear genes, including cell cycle inhibitors, pro-apoptotic genes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, autophagy effectors, gluconeogenic enzymes, and others. On the other hand, upon glucose restriction, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) -dependent FOXO3a mitochondrial translocation allows the transcription of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes, restoring cellular ATP levels, while in cancer cells, mitochondrial FOXO3a mediates survival upon genotoxic stress induced by chemotherapy. Interestingly, these target genes and their related pathways are diverse and sometimes antagonistic, suggesting that FOXO3a is an adaptable player in the dynamic homeostasis of normal and stressed cells. In this review, we describe the multiple roles of FOXO3a in cellular stress response, with a focus on both its nuclear and mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candida Fasano
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte (Bari), Italy.
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte (Bari), Italy.
| | - Stefania Bertora
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte (Bari), Italy.
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte (Bari), Italy.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Roma, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Simone
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte (Bari), Italy.
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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EP300 and SIRT1/6 Co-Regulate Lapatinib Sensitivity Via Modulating FOXO3-Acetylation and Activity in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081067. [PMID: 31357743 PMCID: PMC6721388 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3) is a tumor suppressor whose activity is fine-tuned by post-translational modifications (PTMs). In this study, using the BT474 breast cancer cells and a recently established lapatinib resistant (BT474-LapR) cell line, we observed that higher FOXO3 and acetylated (Ac)-FOXO3 levels correlate with lapatinib sensitivity. Subsequent ectopic expression of EP300 led to an increase in acetylated-FOXO3 in sensitive but not in resistant cells. Drug sensitivity assays revealed that sensitive BT474 cells show increased lapatinib cytotoxicity upon over-expression of wild-type but not acetylation-deficient EP300. Moreover, FOXO3 recruitment to target gene promoters is associated with target gene expression and drug response in sensitive cells and the inability of FOXO3 to bind its target genes correlates with lapatinib-resistance in BT474-LapR cells. In addition, using SIRT1/6 specific siRNAs and chemical inhibitor, we also found that sirtuin 1 and -6 (SIRT1 and -6) play a part in fine-tuning FOXO3 acetylation and lapatinib sensitivity. Consistent with this, immunohistochemistry results from different breast cancer subtypes showed that high SIRT6/1 levels are associated with constitutive high FOXO3 expression which is related to FOXO3 deregulation/inactivation and poor prognosis in breast cancer patient samples. Collectively, our results suggest the involvement of FOXO3 acetylation in regulating lapatinib sensitivity of HER2-positive breast cancers.
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Mazzu YZ, Yoshikawa Y, Nandakumar S, Chakraborty G, Armenia J, Jehane LE, Lee GSM, Kantoff PW. Methylation-associated miR-193b silencing activates master drivers of aggressive prostate cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1944-1958. [PMID: 31225930 PMCID: PMC6717747 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic silencing of miRNA is a primary mechanism of aberrant miRNA expression in cancer, and hypermethylation of miRNA promoters has been reported to contribute to prostate cancer initiation and progression. Recent data have shown that the miR‐193b promoter is hypermethylated in prostate cancer compared with normal tissue, but studies assessing its functional significance have not been performed. We aimed to elucidate the function of miR‐193b and identify its critical targets in prostate cancer. We observed an inverse correlation between miR‐193b level and methylation of its promoter in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. Overexpression of miR‐193b in prostate cancer cell lines inhibited invasion and induced apoptosis. We found that a majority of the top 150 genes downregulated when miR‐193b was overexpressed in liposarcoma are overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and that 41 miR‐193b target genes overlapped with the 86 genes in the aggressive prostate cancer subtype 1 (PCS1) signature. Overexpression of miR‐193b led to the inhibition of the majority of the 41 genes in prostate cancer cell lines. High expression of the 41 genes was correlated with recurrence of prostate cancer. Knockdown of miR‐193b targets FOXM1 and RRM2 in prostate cancer cells phenocopied overexpression of miR‐193b. Dual treatment with DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors decreased miR‐193b promoter methylation and restored inhibition of FOXM1 and RRM2. Our data suggest that silencing of miR‐193b through promoter methylation may release the inhibition of PCS1 genes, contributing to prostate cancer progression and suggesting a possible therapeutic strategy for aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Z Mazzu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Subhiksha Nandakumar
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Goutam Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Armenia
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lina E Jehane
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gwo-Shu Mary Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philip W Kantoff
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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Regulation of PERK expression by FOXO3: a vulnerability of drug-resistant cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 38:6382-6398. [PMID: 31312024 PMCID: PMC6756075 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The major impediment to effective cancer therapy has been the development of drug resistance. The tumour suppressive transcription factor FOXO3 promotes cell cycle arrest, senescence and cell death, and mediates the cytotoxic and cytostatic functions of cancer therapeutics. In consequence, FOXO3 is often downregulated as an adaptive response in cancer and particularly in chemotherapeutic drug-resistant cells. Consistently, we find that FOXO3 expression is attenuated in the drug-resistant MCF-7-EpiR and MCF-7-TaxR compared to the parental MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Using ChIP, short-interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown, and overexpression assays as well as Foxo1/3/4-/- MEFs, we establish the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress defence modulator PERK (eIF2AK3) as a direct downstream transcriptional target of FOXO3. In agreement, there is also a positive correlation between FOXO3 and PERK expression at the protein and RNA levels in breast cancer patient samples. We uncover that PERK expression is downregulated but its activity constitutively elevated in the drug-resistant cells. With this in mind, we exploit this adaptive response of low FOXO3 and PERK expression, and high PERK activity in drug-resistant breast cancer cells and show that these drug-resistant cells are specifically sensitive to PERK inhibition. In support of this finding, we show that ectopic overexpression of FOXO3 can reduce the sensitivity of the resistant cells to the PERK inhibitor GSK2606414, while the Foxo1/3/4-/- MEFs expressing lower levels of PERK are more sensitive to PERK inhibition compared to wild-type MEFs. PERK inhibitor-titration and -time course experiments showed that the drug-resistant cells, which express lower expression and higher activity levels of PERK, are more sensitive to the increasing concentrations of PERK inhibitor compared to parental MCF-7 cells. Our present work thus reveals a chemotherapeutic drug-resistant cancer cell vulnerability in PERK and suggests PERK as a potential target for cancer therapy, specifically in the context of drug-resistant cancers.
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Li D, Ye L, Lei Y, Wan J, Chen H. Downregulation of FoxM1 sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to cisplatin via inhibition of MRN-ATM-mediated DNA repair. BMB Rep 2019. [PMID: 30638177 PMCID: PMC6476488 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.3.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the primary obstacle in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent evidence suggests that the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is involved in chemoresistance. Our group previously confirmed that FoxM1 is overexpressed in NPC. In this study, we investigated the role of FoxM1 in cisplatin resistance of the cell lines 5–8F and HONE-1 and explored its possible mechanism. Our results showed that FoxM1 and NBS1 were both overexpressed in NPC tissues based on data from the GSE cohort (GSE12452). Then, we measured FoxM1 levels in NPC cells and found FoxM1 was overexpressed in NPC cell lines and could be stimulated by cisplatin. MTT and clonogenic assays, flow cytometry, γH2AX immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and western blotting revealed that downregulation of FoxM1 sensitized NPC cells to cisplatin and reduced the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA double-strand breaks via inhibition of the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1)-ATM axis, which might be related to the ability of FoxM1 to regulate NBS1. Subsequently, we demonstrated that enhanced sensitivity of FoxM1 knockdown cells could be reduced by overexpression of NBS1. Taken together, our data demonstrate that downregulation of FoxM1 could improve the sensitivity of NPC cells to cisplatin through inhibition of MRN-ATM-mediated DNA repair, which could be related to FoxM1-dependent regulation of NBS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of cardiothoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Lei
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China
| | - Jie Wan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016; Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016, China
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Molecular Comparison of Imatinib-Naïve and Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Differentially Expressed microRNAs and mRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060882. [PMID: 31238586 PMCID: PMC6627192 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of imatinib in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients, 50% of the patients experience resistance within two years of treatment underscoring the need to get better insight into the mechanisms conferring imatinib resistance. Here the microRNA and mRNA expression profiles in primary (imatinib-naïve) and imatinib-resistant GIST were examined. Fifty-three GIST samples harboring primary KIT mutations (exon 9; n = 11/exon 11; n = 41/exon 17; n = 1) and comprising imatinib-naïve (IM-n) (n = 33) and imatinib-resistant (IM-r) (n = 20) tumors, were analyzed. The microRNA expression profiles were determined and from a subset (IM-n, n = 14; IM-r, n = 15) the mRNA expression profile was established. Ingenuity pathway analyses were used to unravel biochemical pathways and gene networks in IM-r GIST. Thirty-five differentially expressed miRNAs between IM-n and IM-r GIST samples were identified. Additionally, miRNAs distinguished IM-r samples with and without secondary KIT mutations. Furthermore 352 aberrantly expressed genes were found in IM-r samples. Pathway and network analyses revealed an association of differentially expressed genes with cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation, thereby implicating genes and pathways involved in imatinib resistance in GIST. Differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs between IM-n and IM-r GIST were identified. Bioinformatic analyses provided insight into the genes and biochemical pathways involved in imatinib-resistance and highlighted key genes that may be putative treatment targets.
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Li D, Ye L, Lei Y, Wan J, Chen H. Downregulation of FoxM1 sensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to cisplatin via inhibition of MRN-ATM-mediated DNA repair. BMB Rep 2019; 52:208-213. [PMID: 30638177 PMCID: PMC6476488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is the primary obstacle in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent evidence suggests that the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is involved in chemoresistance. Our group previously confirmed that FoxM1 is overexpressed in NPC. In this study, we investigated the role of FoxM1 in cisplatin resistance of the cell lines 5-8F and HONE-1 and explored its possible mechanism. Our results showed that FoxM1 and NBS1 were both overexpressed in NPC tissues based on data from the GSE cohort (GSE12452). Then, we measured FoxM1 levels in NPC cells and found FoxM1 was overexpressed in NPC cell lines and could be stimulated by cisplatin. MTT and clonogenic assays, flow cytometry, γH2AX immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and western blotting revealed that downregulation of FoxM1 sensitized NPC cells to cisplatin and reduced the repair of cisplatin-induced DNA double-strand breaks via inhibition of the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1)-ATM axis, which might be related to the ability of FoxM1 to regulate NBS1. Subsequently, we demonstrated that enhanced sensitivity of FoxM1 knockdown cells could be reduced by overexpression of NBS1. Taken together, our data demonstrate that downregulation of FoxM1 could improve the sensitivity of NPC cells to cisplatin through inhibition of MRN-ATM-mediated DNA repair, which could be related to FoxM1-dependent regulation of NBS1. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(3): 208-213].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016,
China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016,
China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of cardiothoracic surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016,
China
| | - Yue Lei
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016,
China
| | - Jie Wan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016,
China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016,
China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 40016,
China
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41
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Vanhauwaert S, Decaesteker B, De Brouwer S, Leonelli C, Durinck K, Mestdagh P, Vandesompele J, Sermon K, Denecker G, Van Neste C, Speleman F, De Preter K. In silico discovery of a FOXM1 driven embryonal signaling pathway in therapy resistant neuroblastoma tumors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17468. [PMID: 30504901 PMCID: PMC6269481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is responsible for high mortality rates in neuroblastoma. MYCN, an oncogenic driver in neuroblastoma, controls pluripotency genes including LIN28B. We hypothesized that enhanced embryonic stem cell (ESC) gene regulatory programs could mark tumors with high pluripotency capacity and subsequently increased risk for therapy failure. An ESC miRNA signature was established based on publicly available data. In addition, an ESC mRNA signature was generated including the 500 protein coding genes with the highest positive expression correlation with the ESC miRNA signature score in 200 neuroblastomas. High ESC m(i)RNA expression signature scores were significantly correlated with poor neuroblastoma patient outcome specifically in the subgroup of MYCN amplified tumors and stage 4 nonamplified tumors. Further data-mining identified FOXM1, as the major predicted driver of this ESC signature, controlling a large set of genes implicated in cell cycle control and DNA damage response. Of further interest, re-analysis of published data showed that MYCN transcriptionally activates FOXM1 in neuroblastoma cells. In conclusion, a novel ESC m(i)RNA signature stratifies neuroblastomas with poor prognosis, enabling the identification of therapy-resistant tumors. The finding that this signature is strongly FOXM1 driven, warrants for drug design targeted at FOXM1 or key components controlling this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Vanhauwaert
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bieke Decaesteker
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara De Brouwer
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carina Leonelli
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Sermon
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geertrui Denecker
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Neste
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katleen De Preter
- Center for Medical Genetics (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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42
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Bach DH, Long NP, Luu TTT, Anh NH, Kwon SW, Lee SK. The Dominant Role of Forkhead Box Proteins in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3279. [PMID: 30360388 PMCID: PMC6213973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are multifaceted transcription factors that are significantly implicated in cancer, with various critical roles in biological processes. Herein, we provide an overview of several key members of the FOXA, FOXC, FOXM1, FOXO and FOXP subfamilies. Important pathophysiological processes of FOX transcription factors at multiple levels in a context-dependent manner are discussed. We also specifically summarize some major aspects of FOX transcription factors in association with cancer research such as drug resistance, tumor growth, genomic alterations or drivers of initiation. Finally, we suggest that targeting FOX proteins may be a potential therapeutic strategy to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Hiep Bach
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | | | | | - Nguyen Hoang Anh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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43
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Roh YG, Mun MH, Jeong MS, Kim WT, Lee SR, Chung JW, Kim SI, Kim TN, Nam JK, Leem SH. Drug resistance of bladder cancer cells through activation of ABCG2 by FOXM1. BMB Rep 2018; 51:98-103. [PMID: 29397866 PMCID: PMC5836564 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.2.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence is a serious problem in patients with bladder cancer. The hypothesis for recurrence was that the proliferation of drug-resistant cells was reported, and this study focused on drug resistance due to drug efflux. Previous studies have identified FOXM1 as the key gene for recurrence. We found that FOXM1 inhibition decreased drug efflux activity and increased sensitivity to Doxorubicin. Therefore, we examined whether the expression of ABC transporter gene related to drug efflux is regulated by FOXM1. As a result, ABCG2, one of the genes involved in drug efflux, has been identified as a new target for FOXM1. We also demonstrated direct transcriptional regulation of ABCG2 by FOXM1 using ChIP assay. Consequently, in the presence of the drug, FOXM1 is proposed to directly activate ABCG2 to increase the drug efflux activation and drug resistance, thereby involving chemoresistance of bladder cancer cells. Therefore, we suggest that FOXM1 and ABCG2 may be useful targets and important parameters in the treatment of bladder cancer. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(2): 98-103].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Gil Roh
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Mun
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Mi-So Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Won-Tae Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Se-Ra Lee
- Division of Drug Development & Optimization, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation (KBio), Chungbuk 28160, Korea
| | - Jin-Woong Chung
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Seung Il Kim
- Drug & Disease Target Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133; Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Tae Nam Kim
- Department of Urology, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea
| | - Jong Kil Nam
- Department of Urology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biochemical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Leem
- Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
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44
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FoxM1-dependent RAD51 and BRCA2 signaling protects idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts from radiation-induced cell death. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:584. [PMID: 29789556 PMCID: PMC5964221 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is critical for the control of many tumors and lung is an important dose-limiting organ that impacts radiation dose prescribed to avoid irreversible pulmonary fibrosis in cancer survivors. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, irreversible lung disease caused by aberrantly activated lung (myo)fibroblasts. The presence of pro-fibrotic, apoptosis-resistant fibroblasts in IPF promotes progressive fibrosis and may have a role in other diseases, if these resistant cells are selected for as a consequence of treatment. However, the pathological response of IPF fibroblasts to radiation compared to non-IPF lung fibroblasts is not known. To address this, we examined fibroblast viability following radiation in lung fibroblasts from IPF and non-IPF patients and the underlying mechanism that protects IPF fibroblasts from radiation-induced death. IPF fibroblasts are significantly more resistant to apoptosis compared to non-IPF lung fibroblasts, suggesting that resistance to radiation-induced cell death is a predominant mechanism leading to lung fibrosis. Analysis of γH2AX induction demonstrated that radiation-induced DNA damage is reduced in IPF fibroblasts and correlates to the activation of the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) and subsequent upregulation of DNA repair proteins RAD51 and BRCA2. FoxM1 activation occurs secondary to FoxO3a suppression in IPF fibroblasts while restoration of FoxO3a function sensitizes IPF fibroblasts to radiation-induced cell death and downregulates FoxM1, RAD51, and BRCA2. Our findings support that increased FoxO3a/FoxM1-dependent DNA repair may be integral to the preservation of death-resistant fibrotic fibroblasts after radiation and that selective targeting of radioresistant fibroblasts may mitigate fibrosis.
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45
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Cui X, Xu J, Ji Y, Song X, Wang J, Zhang L, Yang S, Ye Y. Effects of forkhead box protein M1 on trophoblast invasion and its role in preeclampsia development. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:197-203. [PMID: 29896240 PMCID: PMC5995065 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of the forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) in the placenta of patients with preeclampsia, and its effect on trophoblasts. A total of 28 patients with preeclampsia and 30 patients without preeclampsia (controls) who underwent cesarean section and were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between June 2013 and September 2016 were enrolled in the present study. The expression of FOXM1 in placental tissues was examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. HTR8/SVneo cells were used to measure the in vitro expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The results demonstrated that FOXM1 expression was downregulated in the placental tissues of patient with preeclampsia (P<0.05). Following the silencing of FOXM1 expression, the proliferation of HTR8/SVneo cells was suppressed. The results of flow cytometry demonstrated that proportion of HTR8/SVneo cells in the G0/G1 phase and the proportion of apoptotic cells increased. The expression of the apoptosis regulator BCL-2, as well as the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein expression were also downregulated following FOXM1 silencing. FOXM1 may therefore promote the development of preeclampsia via the VEGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Cui
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jin'e Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhi Ji
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhong Song
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Junhuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Shengmei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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Callegari E, D'Abundo L, Guerriero P, Simioni C, Elamin BK, Russo M, Cani A, Bassi C, Zagatti B, Giacomelli L, Blandamura S, Moshiri F, Ultimo S, Frassoldati A, Altavilla G, Gramantieri L, Neri LM, Sabbioni S, Negrini M. miR-199a-3p Modulates MTOR and PAK4 Pathways and Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Transgenic Mouse Model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 11:485-493. [PMID: 29858083 PMCID: PMC5992479 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Prognosis is poor, and therapeutic options are limited. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential therapeutic molecules against cancer. Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of miR-199a-3p, an miRNA highly expressed in normal liver and downregulated in virtually all HCCs. The therapeutic value of miR-199a-3p mimic molecules was assayed in the TG221 mouse, a transgenic model highly predisposed to the development of liver cancer. Administration of miR-199a-3p mimics in the TG221 transgenic mouse showing liver cancer led to a significant reduction of number and size of tumor nodules compared to control animals. In vivo delivery confirmed protein downregulation of the miR-199a-3p direct targets, mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) and p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4), ultimately leading to the repression of FOXM1. Remarkably, the anti-tumor activity of miR-199a-3p mimics was comparable to that obtained with sorafenib. These results suggested that miR-199a-3p may be considered a promising HCC therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Callegari
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Lucilla D'Abundo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Guerriero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bahaeldin K Elamin
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, 61922 Bisha, Saudi Arabia; Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, 11115 Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Marta Russo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alice Cani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristian Bassi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Zagatti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Stella Blandamura
- Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Farzaneh Moshiri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 11369 Tehran, Iran
| | - Simona Ultimo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Frassoldati
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Laura Gramantieri
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabbioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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47
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Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent pathway is one of the most integral pathways linked to cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. This pathway is dysregulated in a variety of diseases, including neoplasia, immune-mediated diseases, and fibroproliferative diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. The mTOR kinase is frequently referred to as the master regulator of this pathway. Alterations in mTOR signaling are closely associated with dysregulation of autophagy, inflammation, and cell growth and survival, leading to the development of lung fibrosis. Inhibitors of mTOR have been widely studied in cancer therapy, as they may sensitize cancer cells to radiation therapy. Studies also suggest that mTOR inhibitors are promising modulators of fibroproliferative diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF). Therefore, mTOR represents an attractive and unique therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we discuss the pathological role of mTOR kinase in pulmonary fibrosis and examine how mTOR inhibitors may mitigate fibrotic progression.
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48
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Yu X, Zheng H, Chan MTV, Wu WKK. NOVA1 acts as an oncogene in melanoma via regulating FOXO3a expression. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2622-2630. [PMID: 29498217 PMCID: PMC5908123 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing studies have suggested that dysregulation of RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) contributes to cancer progression. Neuro‐oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) is a novel RBP and plays an important role in tumour development. However, the expression and role of NOVA1 in melanoma remain unknown. In this study, we indicated that NOVA1 expression was up‐regulated in melanoma samples and cell lines. Moreover, we demonstrated that knockdown of NOVA1 suppressed melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion in both A375 and A875 cell lines. In addition, we showed that suppressed expression of NOVA1 enhanced forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) expression while inhibited AKT expression in melanoma cell. Furthermore, we demonstrated that inhibited expression of FoxO3A rescued NOVA1‐mediated cell proliferation, migration and invasion in melanoma cell line A375. These results suggested that NOVA1 acted as an oncogene in the development of melanoma partly through regulating FoxO3A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Heyi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong City, Hong Kong
| | - William K K Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong City, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong City, Hong Kong
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49
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Multiplicity of acquired cross-resistance in paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells is associated with feedback control of TUBB3 via FOXO3a-mediated ABCB1 regulation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:34395-419. [PMID: 27284014 PMCID: PMC5085164 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance is a primary obstacle for effective cancer therapy. The correlation of point mutations in class III β-tubulin (TUBB3) and the prominent overexpression of ATP-binding cassette P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), a multidrug resistance gene, have been protruding mechanisms of resistance to microtubule disruptors such as paclitaxel (PTX) for many cancers. However, the precise underlying mechanism of the rapid onset of cross-resistance to an array of structurally and functionally unrelated drugs in PTX-resistant cancers has been poorly understood. We determined that our established PTX-resistant cancer cells display ABCB1/ABCC1-associated cross-resistance to chemically different drugs such as 5-fluorouracil, docetaxel, and cisplatin. We found that feedback activation of TUBB3 can be triggered through the FOXO3a-dependent regulation of ABCB1, which resulted in the accentuation of induced PTX resistance and encouraged multiplicity in acquired cross-resistance. FOXO3a-directed regulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function suggests that control of ABCB1 involves methylation-dependent activation. Consistently, transcriptional overexpression or downregulation of FOXO3a directs inhibitor-controlled protease-degradation of TUBB3. The functional PI3K/Akt signaling is tightly responsive to FOXO3a activation alongside doxorubicin treatment, which directs FOXO3a arginine hypermethylation. In addition, we found that secretome factors from PTX-resistant cancer cells with acquired cross-resistance support a P-gp-dependent association in multidrug resistance (MDR) development, which assisted the FOXO3a-mediated control of TUBB3 feedback. The direct silencing of TUBB3 reverses induced multiple cross-resistance, reduces drug-resistant tumor mass, and suppresses the impaired microtubule stability status of PTX-resistant cells with transient cross-resistance. These findings highlight the control of the TUBB3 response to ABCB1 genetic suppressors as a mechanism to reverse the profuse development of multidrug resistance in cancer.
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50
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Laphanuwat P, Likasitwatanakul P, Sittithumcharee G, Thaphaengphan A, Chomanee N, Suppramote O, Ketaroonrut N, Charngkaew K, Lam EWF, Okada S, Panich U, Sampattavanich S, Jirawatnotai S. Cyclin d1 depletion interferes with cancer oxidative balance and sensitizes cancer cells to senescence. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.214726. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of cyclin D1 is required for cancer cell survival and proliferation. This is presumably due to the role of cyclin D1 in RB inactivation. Here we investigated the prosurvival function of cyclin D1 in a number of cancer cell lines. We found that cyclin D1 depletion facilitated cellular senescence in several cancer cell lines tested. Senescence triggered by cyclin D1 depletion was more extensive than that caused by the prolonged CDK4 inhibition. Intriguingly, the senescence caused by cyclin D1 depletion was independent of RB status of the cancer cell. We identified a buildup of intracellular reactive oxygen species, in the cancer cells that underwent senescence upon cyclin D1 depletion, but not in CDK4 inhibition, and that ROS buildup was responsible for the senescence. Lastly, the senescence was found to be instigated by the p38/JNK-FOXO3a-p27 pathway. Therefore, expression of cyclin D1 prevents cancer cells from undergoing senescence, at least partially, by keeping the level of intracellular oxidative stress at a tolerable sub-lethal level. Depletion of cyclin D1 promotes the RB-independent pro-senescence pathway, and cancer cell succumbing to the endogenous oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatthamon Laphanuwat
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornlada Likasitwatanakul
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gunya Sittithumcharee
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Araya Thaphaengphan
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nussara Chomanee
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Orawan Suppramote
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttavadee Ketaroonrut
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Komgrid Charngkaew
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eric W.-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Uraiwan Panich
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somponnat Sampattavanich
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Siwanon Jirawatnotai
- Siriraj Center of Research for Excellence (SiCORE) for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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