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Shih NC, Kurniawan ND, Cabeen RP, Korobkova L, Wong E, Chui HC, Clark KA, Miller CA, Hawes D, Jones KT, Sepehrband F. Microstructural mapping of dentate gyrus pathology in Alzheimer's disease: A 16.4 Tesla MRI study. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103318. [PMID: 36630864 PMCID: PMC9841366 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) is an integral portion of the hippocampal formation, and it is composed of three layers. Quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has the capability to map brain tissue microstructural properties which can be exploited to investigate neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, assessing subtle pathological changes within layers requires high resolution imaging and histological validation. In this study, we utilized a 16.4 Tesla scanner to acquire ex vivo multi-parameter quantitative MRI measures in human specimens across the layers of the DG. Using quantitative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and multi-parameter MR measurements acquired from AD (N = 4) and cognitively normal control (N = 6) tissues, we performed correlation analyses with histological measurements. Here, we found that quantitative MRI measures were significantly correlated with neurofilament and phosphorylated Tau density, suggesting sensitivity to layer-specific changes in the DG of AD tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Chu Shih
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Nyoman D Kurniawan
- Center for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Ryan P Cabeen
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Laura Korobkova
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089. USA
| | - Ellen Wong
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Neurology, Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA 90242, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kristi A Clark
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Debra Hawes
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Kymry T Jones
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Farshid Sepehrband
- USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Zhao Z, Zhang L, Luo W, Cao Z, Zhu Q, Kong X, Zhu K, Zhang J, Wu D. Layer-specific microstructural patterns of anterior hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease with ex vivo diffusion MRI at 14.1 T. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:458-471. [PMID: 36053237 PMCID: PMC9842914 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
High-resolution ex vivo diffusion MRI (dMRI) can provide exquisite mesoscopic details and microstructural information of the human brain. Microstructural pattern of the anterior part of human hippocampus, however, has not been well elucidated with ex vivo dMRI, either in normal or disease conditions. The present study collected high-resolution (0.1 mm isotropic) dMRI of post-mortem anterior hippocampal tissues from four Alzheimer's diseases (AD), three primary age-related tauopathy (PART), and three healthy control (HC) brains on a 14.1 T spectrometer. We evaluated how AD affected dMRI-based microstructural features in different layers and subfields of anterior hippocampus. In the HC samples, we found higher anisotropy, lower diffusivity, and more streamlines in the layers within cornu ammonis (CA) than those within dentate gyrus (DG). Comparisons between disease groups showed that (1) anisotropy measurements in the CA layers of AD, especially stratum lacunosum (SL) and stratum radiatum (SR), had higher regional variability than the other two groups; (2) streamline density in the DG layers showed a gradually increased variance from HC to PART to AD; (3) AD also showed the higher variability in terms of inter-layer connectivity than HC or PART. Moreover, voxelwise correlation analysis between the coregistered dMRI and histopathology images revealed significant correlations between dMRI measurements and the contents of amyloid beta (Aβ)/tau protein in specific layers of AD samples. These findings may reflect layer-specific microstructural characteristics in different hippocampal subfields at the mesoscopic resolution, which were associated with protein deposition in the anterior hippocampus of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lei Zhang
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Wanrong Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zuozhen Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qinfeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xueqian Kong
- Department of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Keqing Zhu
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- China Brain Bank and Department of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, and Department of NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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3
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Yang H, Jiang L, Zhang Y, Liang X, Tang J, He Q, Luo YM, Zhou CN, Zhu L, Zhang SS, Xiao K, Zhu PL, Wang J, Li Y, Chao FL, Tang Y. Anti-LINGO-1 antibody treatment alleviates cognitive deficits and promotes maturation of oligodendrocytes in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. J Comp Neurol 2022; 530:1606-1621. [PMID: 35014704 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing nogo receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1), a negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, is associated with cognitive function, and its expression is highly upregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Anti-LINGO-1 antibody treatment can effectively antagonize the negative regulatory effect of LINGO-1. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of anti-LINGO-1 antibody treatment on cognition and hippocampal oligodendrocytes in an AD transgenic animal model. First, 10-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were administered anti-LINGO-1 antibody for 8 weeks. Then, learning and memory abilities were assessed with the Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze tests, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and hippocampal oligodendrocytes were investigated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and stereology. We found that anti-LINGO-1 antibody alleviated the deficits in spatial learning and memory abilities and working and reference memory abilities, decreased the density of LINGO-1 positive cells, decreased Aβ deposition, significantly increased the number of mature oligodendrocytes and the density of myelin, reversed the abnormal increases in the number of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and the densities of oligodendrocytes precursor cells in APP/PS1 mice. Our results provide evidence that LINGO-1 might be involved in the process of oligodendrocyte dysmaturity in the hippocampus of AD mice and that antagonizing LINGO-1 can alleviate cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice and decrease Aβ deposition and promote oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation in the hippocampus of these mice. Our findings suggest that changes in LINGO-1 and oligodendrocytes in the hippocampus play important roles in the pathogenesis of AD and that antagonizing LINGO-1 might be a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Experimental Teaching Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Min Luo
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Chun-Ni Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Lin Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Chao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, P. R. China
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4
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Chao FL, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Jiang L, Zhou CN, Tang J, Liang X, Fan JH, Dou XY, Tang Y. Fluoxetine Promotes Hippocampal Oligodendrocyte Maturation and Delays Learning and Memory Decline in APP/PS1 Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:627362. [PMID: 33519426 PMCID: PMC7838348 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.627362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrogenesis dysfunction impairs memory consolidation in adult mice, and an oligodendrocyte abnormality is an important change occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While fluoxetine (FLX) is known to delay memory decline in AD models, its effects on hippocampal oligodendrogenesis are unclear. Here, we subjected 8-month-old male amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) mice to the FLX intervention for 2 months. Their exploratory behaviors and general activities in a novel environment, spatial learning and memory and working and reference memory were assessed using the open-field test, Morris water maze, and Y maze. Furthermore, changes in hippocampal oligodendrogenesis were investigated using stereology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting techniques. FLX delayed declines in the spatial learning and memory, as well as the working and reference memory of APP/PS1 mice. In addition, APP/PS1 mice exhibited immature hippocampal oligodendrogenesis, and FLX increased the numbers of 2'3'cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNPase)+ and newborn CNPase+ oligodendrocytes in the hippocampi of APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, FLX increased the density of SRY-related HMG-box 10 protein (SOX10)+ cells and reduced the percentage of oligodendrocyte lineage cells displaying the senescence phenotype (CDKN2A/p16INK4a) in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, FLX had no effect on the serotonin (5-HT) 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) content or number of 5-HT1AR+ oligodendrocytes, but it reduced the content and activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Taken together, FLX delays the senescence of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and promotes oligodendrocyte maturation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. FLX may regulate GSK3β through a mechanism other than 5-HT1AR and then inhibit the negative effect of GSK3β on oligodendrocyte maturation in the hippocampus of an AD mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-lei Chao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Experimental Teaching Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-ni Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-hua Fan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-yun Dou
- Academy of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Gelman S, Palma J, Ghavami A. Axonal Conduction Velocity in CA1 Area of Hippocampus is Reduced in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 77:1383-1388. [PMID: 32925062 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The timing of action potentials arrival at synaptic terminals partially determines integration of synaptic inputs and is important for information processing in the CNS. Therefore, axonal conduction velocity (VC) is a salient parameter, influencing the timing of synaptic inputs. Even small changes in VC may disrupt information coding in networks requiring accurate timing. We recorded compound action potentials in hippocampal slices to measure VC in three mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. We report an age-dependent reduction in VC in area CA1 in two amyloid-β precursor protein transgenic mouse models, line 41 and APP/PS1, and in a tauopathy model, rTg4510.
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Sarkaki A, Farbood Y, Badavi M, Ghadiri A, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Mansouri E, Navabi SP. The protective effect of betulinic acid on microvascular responsivity and protein expression in alzheimer disease induced by cerebral micro-injection of beta-amyloid and streptozotocin. Microcirculation 2018; 25:e12503. [PMID: 30178892 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is mainly caused by accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in vessels or parenchyma of the brain. Accordingly, natural compounds such as betulinic acid (BA) might improve the AD signs by increase in blood flow and through reduction in amyloid plaques. METHODS Intra-hippocampal injection of BA (0.2 and 0.4 μmol/L /10 μL DMSO /rat) was done at intervals of 180 and 10 min before co-microinjection of 0.1 μmol/L Aβ dissolved in PBS (5 μL/rat, hippocampi) and 1.5 mg/kg Streptozotocin dissolved in aCSF (10 μL/rat, lateral ventricles). Cerebro-vascular responsivity tested by Laser Doppler, BBB leakage, Elisa assays of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-10), and Western blot analysis of proteins (BDNF and AchE) in the hippocampus were assessed 1 month after the injections. RESULTS Microvascular reaction and BBB function were significantly impaired in AD rats, which were improved via BA pretreatment. BA could increase BDNF expression and decrease cytokine levels in the hippocampus of AD rats (especially 0.1 μmol/L Aβ: 0.4 μmol/L BA); however, no significant changes were detected in the blotting of AchE among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Betulinic acid could have a role in AD through protecting microcirculation, alleviating inflammation, and up-regulating BDNF expression which is clearer toward 1:4 molar ratios of Aβ to BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sarkaki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ata Ghadiri
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Parisa Navabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Koo BB, Calderazzo S, Bowley BGE, Kolli A, Moss MB, Rosene DL, Moore TL. Long-term effects of curcumin in the non-human primate brain. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:88-95. [PMID: 29981358 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin has recently been shown to be a potential treatment for slowing or ameloriating cognitive decline during aging in our nonhuman primate model of normal aging. In these same monkeys, we studied for the first time the neurological impacts of long-term curcumin treatments using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Sixteen rhesus monkeys received curcumin or a vehicle control for 14-18 months. We applied a combination of structural and diffusion MRI to determine whether the curcumin resulted in structural or functional changes in focal regions of the brain. The longitudinal imaging revealed decreased microscale diffusivity (mD) measurements mainly in the hippocampus and basal forebrain structures of curcumin treated animals. Changes in generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) and grey matter density (GMd) measurements indicated an increased grey matter density in cortical ROIs with improved white matter integrity in limbic, cerebellar, and brain stem regions. These findings suggest that noticeable changes in the neuronal environment could be induced from long-term curcumin treatments. Results may provide a neurological basis on the recent findings demonstrating improved spatial working memory and motor function in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Bon Koo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Samantha Calderazzo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bethany G E Bowley
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alekha Kolli
- BA/MD Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark B Moss
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; BA/MD Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tara L Moore
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; BA/MD Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Chao FL, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhou CN, Jiang L, Xiao Q, Luo YM, Lv FL, He Q, Tang Y. Running exercise protects against myelin breakdown in the absence of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of AD mice. Brain Res 2018; 1684:50-59. [PMID: 29317290 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenesis might influence oligodendrogenesis and selectively instruct myelination in the mammalian brain. Running exercise could induce neurogenesis and protect the myelin sheaths in the dentate gyrus of AD mice. It is unclear whether running exercise can protect myelin sheaths in the absence of neurogenesis in the hippocampus of AD mice. Six-month-old male APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly assigned to a control group (Tg control) or a running group (Tg runner), and age-matched non-transgenic littermates were used as a wild-type group (WT control). The Tg runner mice were subjected to a running protocol for four months. The behaviors of the mice in the three groups were then assessed using the Morris water maze, and related quantitative parameters of the myelin sheaths within the CA1 field were investigated using unbiased stereological and electron microscopy techniques. Learning and spatial memory performance, CA1 volume, the volumes of the myelinated fibers, and myelin sheaths in the CA1 field were all significantly worse in the Tg control mice than in the WT control mice. Learning and spatial memory performance, CA1 volume and the volume of the myelin sheaths in the CA1 field were all significantly greater in the Tg runner mice than in the Tg control mice. These results reveal demyelinating lesions in the CA1 field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice and indicate that running exercise could protect against myelin sheath degeneration in the absence of neurogenesis, thereby reducing CA1 atrophy and delaying the onset and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lei Chao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Chun-Ni Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yan-Min Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Fu-Lin Lv
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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9
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Mouse models of neurodegenerative disease: preclinical imaging and neurovascular component. Brain Imaging Behav 2017; 12:1160-1196. [PMID: 29075922 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent great challenges for basic science and clinical medicine because of their prevalence, pathologies, lack of mechanism-based treatments, and impacts on individuals. Translational research might contribute to the study of neurodegenerative diseases. The mouse has become a key model for studying disease mechanisms that might recapitulate in part some aspects of the corresponding human diseases. Neurodegenerative disorders are very complicated and multifactorial. This has to be taken in account when testing drugs. Most of the drugs screening in mice are very difficult to be interpretated and often useless. Mouse models could be condiderated a 'pathway models', rather than as models for the whole complicated construct that makes a human disease. Non-invasive in vivo imaging in mice has gained increasing interest in preclinical research in the last years thanks to the availability of high-resolution single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), high field Magnetic resonance, Optical Imaging scanners and of highly specific contrast agents. Behavioral test are useful tool to characterize different animal models of neurodegenerative pathology. Furthermore, many authors have observed vascular pathological features associated to the different neurodegenerative disorders. Aim of this review is to focus on the different existing animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, describe behavioral tests and preclinical imaging techniques used for diagnose and describe the vascular pathological features associated to these diseases.
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