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Dunning EE, Decourt B, Zawia NH, Shill HA, Sabbagh MN. Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Narrative Review. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:975-1013. [PMID: 38743312 PMCID: PMC11263316 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting from the deposition of misfolded and neurotoxic forms of tau protein in specific areas of the midbrain, basal ganglia, and cortex. It is one of the most representative forms of tauopathy. PSP presents in several different phenotypic variations and is often accompanied by the development of concurrent neurodegenerative disorders. PSP is universally fatal, and effective disease-modifying therapies for PSP have not yet been identified. Several tau-targeting treatment modalities, including vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and microtubule-stabilizing agents, have been investigated and have had no efficacy. The need to treat PSP and other tauopathies is critical, and many clinical trials investigating tau-targeted treatments are underway. In this review, the PubMed database was queried to collect information about preclinical and clinical research on PSP treatment. Additionally, the US National Library of Medicine's ClinicalTrials.gov website was queried to identify past and ongoing clinical trials relevant to PSP treatment. This narrative review summarizes our findings regarding these reports, which include potential disease-modifying drug trials, modifiable risk factor management, and symptom treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise E Dunning
- Creighton University School of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Boris Decourt
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Laboratory on Neurodegeneration and Translational Research, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Nasser H Zawia
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Holly A Shill
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 W Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
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DeRosier F, Hibbs C, Alessi K, Padda I, Rodriguez J, Pradeep S, Parmar MS. Progressive supranuclear palsy: Neuropathology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, management, and emerging therapies. Dis Mon 2024; 70:101753. [PMID: 38908985 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2024.101753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of 4R-tau protein aggregates in various brain regions. PSP leads to neuronal loss, gliosis, and tau-positive inclusions, such as neurofibrillary tangles, tufted astrocytes, and coiled bodies. These pathological changes mainly affect the brainstem and the basal ganglia, resulting in distinctive MRI features, such as the hummingbird and morning glory signs. PSP shows clinical heterogeneity and presents as different phenotypes, the most classical of which is Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS). The region of involvement and the mode of atrophy spread can further distinguish subtypes of PSP. PSP patients can experience various signs and symptoms, such as postural instability, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, low amplitude fast finger tapping, and irregular sleep patterns. The most common symptoms of PSP are postural instability, falls, vertical gaze palsy, bradykinesia, and cognitive impairment. These features often overlap with those of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other Parkinsonian syndromes, making the diagnosis challenging. PSP is an essential clinical topic to research because it is a devastating and incurable disease. However, there are still many gaps in knowledge about its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Several clinical trials are underway to test noveltherapies that target tau in various ways, such as modulating its post-translational modifications, stabilizing its interaction with microtubules, or enhancing its clearance by immunotherapy. These approaches may offer new hope for slowing down the progression of PSP. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current knowledge on PSP, from its pathogenesis to its management. We also discuss the latest advances and future directions in PSP research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick DeRosier
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, United States of America
| | - Cody Hibbs
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, United States of America
| | - Kaitlyn Alessi
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America
| | - Inderbir Padda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeanette Rodriguez
- Department of Family Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, Florida, United States of America
| | - Swati Pradeep
- Department of Movement Disorders, UTHealth Houston Neurosciences Neurology - Texas Medical Center, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mayur S Parmar
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, FL, United States of America.
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Kazi SH, Sheraz MA, Anwar Z, Musharraf SG, Ahmed S, Bano R, Mirza T, Heo K, Na JH. Photolysis of tolfenamic acid in aqueous and organic solvents: a kinetic study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21383-21397. [PMID: 38979457 PMCID: PMC11228578 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that was studied for its photodegradation in aqueous (pH 2.0-12.0) and organic solvents (acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol). TA follows first-order kinetics for its photodegradation, and the apparent first-order rate constants (k obs) are in the range of 0.65 (pH 12.0) to 6.94 × 10-2 (pH 3.0) min-1 in aqueous solution and 3.28 (1-butanol) to 7.69 × 10-4 (acetonitrile) min-1 in organic solvents. The rate-pH profile for TA photodegradation is an inverted V (∧) or V-top shape, indicating that the cationic form is more susceptible to acid hydrolysis than the anionic form of TA, which is less susceptible to alkaline hydrolysis. The fluorescence behavior of TA also exhibits a V-top-shaped curve, indicating maximum fluorescence intensity at pH 3.0. TA is highly stable at a pH range of 5.0-7.0, making it suitable for formulation development. In organic solvents, the photodegradation rate of TA increases with the solvent's dielectric constant and solvent acceptor number, indicating solute-solvent interactions. The values of k obs decreased with increased viscosity of the solvents due to diffusion-controlled processes. The correlation between k obs versus ionization potential and solvent density has also been established. A total of 17 photoproducts have been identified through LC-MS, of which nine have been reported for the first time. It has been confirmed through electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry that the excited singlet state of TA is converted into an excited triplet state through intersystem crossing, which results in an increased rate of photodegradation in acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Hafeez Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Sheraz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Zubair Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | - Sofia Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Raheela Bano
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences (Ojha Campus) Karachi Pakistan
| | - Tania Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Kyuyoung Heo
- Reliability Assessment Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Na
- Department of Convergence System Engineering, Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
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Hill J, Shalaby KE, Bihaqi SW, Alansi BH, Barlock B, Parang K, Thompson R, Ouararhni K, Zawia NH. Tolfenamic Acid Derivatives: A New Class of Transcriptional Modulators with Potential Therapeutic Applications for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15216. [PMID: 37894896 PMCID: PMC10607430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has witnessed recent breakthroughs in the development of disease-modifying biologics and diagnostic markers. While immunotherapeutic interventions have provided much-awaited solutions, nucleic acid-based tools represent other avenues of intervention; however, these approaches are costly and invasive, and they have serious side effects. Previously, we have shown in AD animal models that tolfenamic acid (TA) can lower the expression of AD-related genes and their products and subsequently reduce pathological burden and improve cognition. Using TA as a scaffold and the zinc finger domain of SP1 as a pharmacophore, we developed safer and more potent brain-penetrating analogs that interfere with sequence-specific DNA binding at transcription start sites and predominantly modulate the expression of SP1 target genes. More importantly, the proteome of treated cells displayed ~75% of the downregulated products as SP1 targets. Specific levels of SP1-driven genes and AD biomarkers such as amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Tau proteins were also decreased as part of this targeted systemic response. These small molecules, therefore, offer a viable alternative to achieving desired therapeutic outcomes by interfering with both amyloid and Tau pathways with limited off-target systemic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaunetta Hill
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.H.); (S.W.B.); (B.H.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Karim E. Shalaby
- Neurological Disorder Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (K.E.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Syed W. Bihaqi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.H.); (S.W.B.); (B.H.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Bothaina H. Alansi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.H.); (S.W.B.); (B.H.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Benjamin Barlock
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.H.); (S.W.B.); (B.H.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA;
| | - Richard Thompson
- Neurological Disorder Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (K.E.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Khalid Ouararhni
- Neurological Disorder Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (K.E.S.); (K.O.)
| | - Nasser H. Zawia
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.H.); (S.W.B.); (B.H.A.); (B.B.)
- Neurological Disorder Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar; (K.E.S.); (K.O.)
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Biological and Biomedical Sciences Division, College of Health & Life Sciences (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, Doha 34110, Qatar
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Islam M, Shen F, Regmi D, Du D. Therapeutic strategies for tauopathies and drug repurposing as a potential approach. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114979. [PMID: 35219701 PMCID: PMC9159505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the deposition of abnormal tau in the brain. To date, there are no disease-modifying therapies approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for the treatment of tauopathies. In the past decades, extensive efforts have been provided to develop disease-modifying therapies to treat tauopathies. Specifically, exploring existing drugs with the intent of repurposing for the treatment of tauopathies affords a reasonable alternative to discover potent drugs for treating these formidable diseases. Drug repurposing will not only reduce formulation and development stage effort and cost but will also take a key advantage of the established toxicological studies, which is one of the main causes of clinical trial failure of new molecules. In this review, we provide an overview of the current treatment strategies for tauopathies and the recent progress in drug repurposing as an alternative approach to treat tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majedul Islam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States.
| | - Fengyun Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| | - Deepika Regmi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States
| | - Deguo Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, United States.
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Przewodowska D, Marzec W, Madetko N. Novel Therapies for Parkinsonian Syndromes-Recent Progress and Future Perspectives. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:720220. [PMID: 34512258 PMCID: PMC8427499 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.720220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Atypical parkinsonian syndromes are rare, fatal neurodegenerative diseases associated with abnormal protein accumulation in the brain. Examples of these syndromes include progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, and corticobasal degeneration. A common clinical feature in parkinsonism is a limited improvement with levodopa. So far, there are no disease-modifying treatments to address these conditions, and therapy is only limited to the alleviation of symptoms. Diagnosis is devastating for patients, as prognosis is extremely poor, and the disease tends to progress rapidly. Currently, potential causes and neuropathological mechanisms involved in these diseases are being widely investigated. Objectives: The goal of this review is to summarize recent advances and gather emerging disease-modifying therapies that could slow the progression of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched regarding novel perspectives for atypical parkinsonism treatment. The following medical subject headings were used: "atypical parkinsonian syndromes-therapy," "treatment of atypical parkinsonian syndromes," "atypical parkinsonian syndromes-clinical trial," "therapy of tauopathy," "alpha-synucleinopathy treatment," "PSP therapy/treatment," "CBD therapy/treatment," "MSA therapy/treatment," and "atypical parkinsonian syndromes-disease modifying." All search results were manually reviewed prior to inclusion in this review. Results: Neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, microglia activation, proteasomal impairment, and oxidative stress play a role in the neurodegenerative process. Ongoing studies and clinical trials target these components in order to suppress toxic protein accumulation. Various approaches such as stem cell therapy, anti-aggregation/anti-phosphorylation agent administration, or usage of active and passive immunization appear to have promising results. Conclusion: Presently, disease-modifying strategies for atypical parkinsonian syndromes are being actively explored, with encouraging preliminary results. This leads to an assumption that developing accurate, safe, and progression-halting treatment is not far off. Nevertheless, the further investigation remains necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Przewodowska
- Students' Scientific Association of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Marzec
- Students' Scientific Association of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Madetko
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Giunta M, Solje E, Gardoni F, Borroni B, Benussi A. Experimental Disease-Modifying Agents for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:359-376. [PMID: 33790662 PMCID: PMC8005747 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s262352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia is a clinically, genetically and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, enclosing a wide range of different pathological entities, associated with the accumulation of proteins such as tau and TPD-43. Characterized by a high hereditability, mutations in three main genes, MAPT, GRN and C9orf72, can drive the neurodegenerative process. The connection between different genes and proteinopathies through specific mechanisms has shed light on the pathophysiology of the disease, leading to the identification of potential pharmacological targets. New experimental strategies are emerging, in both preclinical and clinical settings, which focus on small molecules rather than gene therapy. In this review, we provide an insight into the aberrant mechanisms leading to FTLD-related proteinopathies and discuss recent therapies with the potential to ameliorate neurodegeneration and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Giunta
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eino Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Hill J, Zawia NH. Fenamates as Potential Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Cells 2021; 10:702. [PMID: 33809987 PMCID: PMC8004804 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are desperately lacking treatment options. It is imperative that drug repurposing be considered in the fight against neurodegenerative diseases. Fenamates have been studied for efficacy in treating several neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively present the past and current research on fenamates in the context of neurodegenerative diseases with a special emphasis on tolfenamic acid and Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, this review discusses the major molecular pathways modulated by fenamates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaunetta Hill
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Nasser H. Zawia
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Aleo SJ, Del Dotto V, Fogazza M, Maresca A, Lodi T, Goffrini P, Ghelli A, Rugolo M, Carelli V, Baruffini E, Zanna C. Drug repositioning as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerations associated with OPA1 mutations. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3631-3645. [PMID: 33231680 PMCID: PMC7823107 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OPA1 mutations are the major cause of dominant optic atrophy (DOA) and the syndromic form DOA plus, pathologies for which there is no established cure. We used a ‘drug repurposing’ approach to identify FDA-approved molecules able to rescue the mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by OPA1 mutations. We screened two different chemical libraries by using two yeast strains carrying the mgm1I322M and the chim3P646L mutations, identifying 26 drugs able to rescue their oxidative growth phenotype. Six of them, able to reduce the mitochondrial DNA instability in yeast, have been then tested in Opa1 deleted mouse embryonic fibroblasts expressing the human OPA1 isoform 1 bearing the R445H and D603H mutations. Some of these molecules were able to ameliorate the energetic functions and/or the mitochondrial network morphology, depending on the type of OPA1 mutation. The final validation has been performed in patients’ fibroblasts, allowing to select the most effective molecules. Our current results are instrumental to rapidly translating the findings of this drug repurposing approach into clinical trial for DOA and other neurodegenerations caused by OPA1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena J Aleo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Valentina Del Dotto
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Mario Fogazza
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maresca
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lodi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Paola Goffrini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Anna Ghelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Michela Rugolo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna 40139, Italy
| | - Enrico Baruffini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Claudia Zanna
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
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Zhang H, Wang X, Xu P, Ji X, Chi T, Liu P, Zou L. Tolfenamic acid inhibits GSK-3β and PP2A mediated tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease models. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:29. [PMID: 32517647 PMCID: PMC10717460 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tolfenamic acid, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, alleviated learning and memory deficits and decreased the expression of specificity protein 1 (SP1)-mediated cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK5), a major protein kinase that regulates hyperphosphorylated tau, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) transgenic mice. However, whether tolfenamic acid can regulate the major tau protein kinase, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), or tau protein phosphatase, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), further inhibiting hyperphosphorylation of tau, remains unknown. To this end, tolfenamic acid was administered i.p. in a GSK-3β overactivation postnatal rat model and orally in mice after intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of okadaic acid (OA) to develop a PP2A inhibition model. We used four behavioural experiments to evaluate memory function in ICV-OA mice. In this study, tolfenamic acid attenuated memory dysfunction. Tolfenamic acid decreased the expression of hyperphosphorylated tau in the brain by inhibiting GSK-3β activity, decreasing phosphorylated PP2A (Tyr307), and enhancing PP2A activity. Tolfenamic acid also increased wortmannin (WT) and GF-109203X (GFX) induced phosphorylation of GSK-3β (Ser9) and prevented OA-induced downregulation of PP2A activity in PC12 cells. Altogether, these results show that tolfenamic acid not only decreased SP1/CDK5-mediated tau phosphorylation, but also inhibited GSK-3β and PP2A-mediated tau hyperphosphorylation in AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyan Chi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Libo Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Park JH, Cho HE, Kim JH, Wall MM, Stern Y, Lim H, Yoo S, Kim HS, Cha J. Machine learning prediction of incidence of Alzheimer's disease using large-scale administrative health data. NPJ Digit Med 2020; 3:46. [PMID: 32258428 PMCID: PMC7099065 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-020-0256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nationwide population-based cohort provides a new opportunity to build an automated risk prediction model based on individuals' history of health and healthcare beyond existing risk prediction models. We tested the possibility of machine learning models to predict future incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using large-scale administrative health data. From the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2002 and 2010, we obtained de-identified health data in elders above 65 years (N = 40,736) containing 4,894 unique clinical features including ICD-10 codes, medication codes, laboratory values, history of personal and family illness and socio-demographics. To define incident AD we considered two operational definitions: "definite AD" with diagnostic codes and dementia medication (n = 614) and "probable AD" with only diagnosis (n = 2026). We trained and validated random forest, support vector machine and logistic regression to predict incident AD in 1, 2, 3, and 4 subsequent years. For predicting future incidence of AD in balanced samples (bootstrapping), the machine learning models showed reasonable performance in 1-year prediction with AUC of 0.775 and 0.759, based on "definite AD" and "probable AD" outcomes, respectively; in 2-year, 0.730 and 0.693; in 3-year, 0.677 and 0.644; in 4-year, 0.725 and 0.683. The results were similar when the entire (unbalanced) samples were used. Important clinical features selected in logistic regression included hemoglobin level, age and urine protein level. This study may shed a light on the utility of the data-driven machine learning model based on large-scale administrative health data in AD risk prediction, which may enable better selection of individuals at risk for AD in clinical trials or early detection in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Park
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - Han Eol Cho
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Melanie M. Wall
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025 USA
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025 USA
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025 USA
| | - Hyunsun Lim
- Research and Analysis Team, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Shinjae Yoo
- Computational Science Initiative, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - Hyoung Seop Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Dementia Center, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jiook Cha
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025 USA
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Data Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Tabassum R, Jeong NY, Jung J. Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide on oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:232-241. [PMID: 31552888 PMCID: PMC6905340 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.265543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is an antioxidant molecule that has a wide range of biological effects against oxidative stress. Balanced oxidative stress is also vital for maintaining cellular function in biological system, where reactive oxygen species are the main source of oxidative stress. When the normal redox balance is disturbed, deoxyribonucleic acid, lipid, and protein molecules are oxidized under pathological conditions, like diabetes mellitus that leads to diabetic peripheral neuropathy. In diabetes mellitus-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy, due to hyperglycemia, pancreatic beta cell (β cell) shows resistance to insulin secretion. As a consequence, glucose metabolism is disturbed in neuronal cells which are distracted from providing proper cell signaling pathway. Not only diabetic peripheral neuropathy but also other central damages occur in brain neuropathy. Neurological studies regarding type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have shown changes in the central nervous system because high blood glucose levels (HbA1c) appeared with poor cognitive function. Oxidative stress plays a role in inhibiting insulin signaling that is necessary for brain function. Hydrogen sulfide exhibits antioxidant effects against oxidative stress, where cystathionine β synthase, cystathionine γ lyase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase are the endogenous sources of hydrogen sulfide. This review is to explore the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-induced diabetic peripheral neuropathy and other neurological comorbid disorders under the oxidative stress condition and the anti-oxidative effects of hydrogen sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubaiya Tabassum
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
| | - Na Young Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
| | - Junyang Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Leso A, Bihaqi SW, Masoud A, Chang JK, Lahouel A, Zawia N. Loss in efficacy measures of tolfenamic acid in a tau knock-out model: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:1062-1069. [PMID: 31450960 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219871249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the healthy human brain, the protein tau serves the essential function of stabilizing microtubules. However, in a diseased state, tau becomes destabilized and aggregates into a pathogenic form that ultimately creates one of the two major hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tau tangles. Multiple neurodegenerative diseases, termed tauopathies, such as Pick’s disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy, are also linked to mutations in tau. While AD does include a second hallmark in the form of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, to date all therapeutics aimed at these hallmark features have failed. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug tolfenamic acid (TA) has been shown to reduce the levels of multiple neurodegenerative endpoints viz amyloid precursor protein (APP), Aβ, tau, phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and improve cognitive function, in various murine models, via a new mechanism that targets specificity protein 1 ( SP1). Sp1 is a zinc-finger transcription factor essential for the regulation of tau and CDK5 genes (among others). The impact of TA on these neurodegenerative endpoints occurred in animal models and systems in which both the tau and the APP genes were present. The experimental model utilized in this paper tested whether the same beneficial outcomes of TA can take place after the removal of endogenous murine tau. We found that the impact of TA, both molecular and behavioral, was no longer significant in the absence of the tau gene. This ability of TA occurred independently of its action on anti-inflammatory targets. Therefore, these findings suggest the essentiality of tau for the novel mechanism of action of TA. Impact statement The number of people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is expected to increase exponentially in the coming decades. It is estimated to cost the economy about $200 billion annually. With the failure of standard therapeutic approaches, there is a need to develop new drugs in order to avoid an “epidemic crisis” in the future. We have discovered that tolfenamic acid (TA) lowers the levels of proteins associated with AD, by targeting common transcriptional mechanisms that regulate genes involved in common pathogenic pathways. Here, we investigated whether TA had effects on both the amyloid and tau pathways, or whether it selectively targets one of these pathways which impacted the other. Behavioral and molecular studies revealed that TA loses its AD therapeutic potential when tau gene is removed. This ability of TA occurred independently of its action on anti-inflammatory targets. These findings suggest that tau is essential for the new action of TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Leso
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Syed W Bihaqi
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Anwar Masoud
- Biochemical Technology Program, Faculty of Applied Science, Thamar University, Thamar 87246, Yemen
| | - Joanna K Chang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Asma Lahouel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Jijel University, Jijel 18000, Algeria
| | - Nasser Zawia
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.,George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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14
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Ryan B, Williams JM, Curtis MA. Plasma MicroRNAs Are Altered Early and Consistently in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy. Neuroscience 2019; 411:164-176. [PMID: 31152932 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathological accumulation of tau protein in brain cells is the hallmark of a group of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies. Accumulation of tau protein begins years before the onset of symptoms, which include deficits in cognition, behavior and movement. The pre-symptomatic phase of tauopathy may be the best time to deliver disease-modifying treatments, but this is only possible if prognostic, pre-symptomatic biomarkers are identified. Here we describe the profiling of blood plasma microRNAs in a mouse model of tauopathy, in order to identify biomarkers of pre-symptomatic tauopathy. Circulating RNAs were isolated from blood plasma of 16-week-old and 53-week-old hTau mice and age-matched wild type controls (n = 28). Global microRNA profiling was performed using small RNA sequencing (Illumina) and selected microRNAs were validated using individual TaqMan RT-qPCR. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate discriminative accuracy. We identified three microRNAs (miR-150-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-375-3p) that were down-regulated in 16-week-old hTau mice, which do not yet exhibit a behavioral phenotype and therefore represent pre-symptomatic tauopathy. The discriminative accuracy was AUC 0.98, 0.95 and 1, respectively. Down-regulation of these microRNAs persisted at 53 weeks of age, when hTau mice exhibit cognitive deficits and advanced neuropathology. Bioinformatic analysis showed that these three microRNAs converge on pathways associated with neuronal signaling and phosphorylation of tau. Thus, these circulating microRNAs appear to reflect neuropathological change and are promising candidates in the development of biomarkers of pre-symptomatic tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid Ryan
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Brain Research, New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa.
| | - Joanna M Williams
- Brain Research, New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa; Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Maurice A Curtis
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Brain Research, New Zealand - Rangahau Roro Aotearoa
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