1
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Sheikh M, Ammar M. Efficacy of 5 and 10 mg donepezil in improving cognitive function in patients with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1398952. [PMID: 39104606 PMCID: PMC11298496 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1398952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to compare donepezil at 5 mg and 10 mg/day against a placebo to systematically evaluate its effectiveness in improving cognitive function among patients suffering from dementia at any stage. Method For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we looked up Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library for articles on the efficacy of donepezil in dementia published in the past 20 years and summarized the placebo and intervention data. Initially, a total of 2,272 articles were extracted using our search query and after the inclusion and exclusion criteria set for extraction of data, 18 studies were included in this review using PRISMA flowchart. The ADAS-cog and MMSE assessment scales were used for measuring the outcomes using IBM SPSS 29.0 for the meta-analysis. Result The meta-analysis comprised a total of 18 RCTs (randomized controlled trials) that were randomized to receive either donepezil 5 mg/day (n = 1,556), 10 mg/day (n = 2050) or placebo (n = 2,342). Meta-analysis concerning efficacy showed that donepezil at 10 mg/day significantly improved the MMSE score (g: 2.27, 95%CI: 1.25-3.29) but could not substantially reduce the ADAS-cog. At 5 mg/day donepezil, an overall slight improvement in MMSE score (Hedges' g: 2.09, 95%CI: 0.88-3.30) was observed. Conclusion Both donepezil 5 mg/day and 10 mg/day doses demonstrated improved cognitive functions for patients with dementia, however results indicated that the 10 mg/day dose was more efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Sheikh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences (FOP), University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ammar
- Qatar University Young Scientists Center (QUYSC), Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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2
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Khudina OG, Grishchenko MV, Makhaeva GF, Kovaleva NV, Boltneva NP, Rudakova EV, Lushchekina SV, Shchegolkov EV, Borisevich SS, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI, Charushin VN. Conjugates of amiridine and thiouracil derivatives as effective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase with the potential to block β-amyloid aggregation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300447. [PMID: 38072670 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
New amiridine-thiouracil conjugates with different substituents in the pyrimidine fragment (R = CH3 , CF2 Н, CF3 , (CF2 )2 H) and different spacer lengths (n = 1-3) were synthesized. The conjugates rather weakly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and exhibit high inhibitory activity (IC50 up to 0.752 ± 0.021 µM) and selectivity to butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which increases with spacer elongation; the lead compounds are 11c, 12c, and 13c. The conjugates are mixed-type reversible inhibitors of both cholinesterases and practically do not inhibit the structurally related off-target enzyme carboxylesterase. The results of molecular docking to AChE and BChE are consistent with the experiment on enzyme inhibition and explain the structure-activity relationships, including the rather low anti-AChE activity and the high anti-BChE activity of long-chain conjugates. The lead compounds displace propidium from the AChE peripheral anion site (PAS) at the level of the reference compound donepezil, which agrees with the mixed-type mechanism of AChE inhibition and the main mode of binding of conjugates in the active site of AChE due to the interaction of the pyrimidine moiety with the PAS. This indicates the ability of the studied conjugates to block AChE-induced aggregation of β-amyloid, thereby exerting a disease-modifying effect. According to computer calculations, all synthesized conjugates have an ADME profile acceptable for drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Khudina
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maria V Grishchenko
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Galina F Makhaeva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry (IPAC RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Kovaleva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry (IPAC RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Natalia P Boltneva
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry (IPAC RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Elena V Rudakova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry (IPAC RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Sofya V Lushchekina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry (IPAC RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Shchegolkov
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sophia S Borisevich
- Institute of Cyber Intelligence Systems, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yanina V Burgart
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Victor I Saloutin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Valery N Charushin
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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3
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Nie RZ, Zhang SS, Yan XK, Feng K, Lao YJ, Bao YR. Molecular insights into the structure destabilization effects of ECG and EC on the Aβ protofilament: An all-atom molecular dynamics simulation study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127002. [PMID: 37729983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The formation of Aβ into amyloid fibrils was closely connected to AD, therefore, the Aβ aggregates were the primary therapeutic targets against AD. Previous studies demonstrated that epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), which possessed a gallate moiety, exhibited a greater ability to disrupt the preformed Aβ amyloid fibrils than epicatechin (EC), indicating that the gallate moiety was crucial. In the present study, the molecular mechanisms were investigated. Our results demonstrated that ECG had more potent disruptive impacts on the β-sheet structure and K28-A42 salt bridges than EC. We found that ECG significantly interfered the interactions between Peptide-4 and Peptide-5. However, EC could not. The disruption of K28-A42 salt bridges by ECG was mainly due to the interactions between ECG and the hydrophobic residues located at C-terminus. Interestingly, EC disrupted the K28-A42 salt bridges by the interactions with C-terminal hydrophobic residues and the cation-π interactions with K28. Moreover, our results indicated that hydrophobic interactions, H-bonds, π-π interactions and cation-π interactions between ECG and the bend of L-shaped region caused the disaggregation of interactions between Peptide-4 and Peptide-5. Significantly, gallate moiety in ECG had contributed tremendously to the disaggregation. We believed that our findings could be useful for designing prospective drug candidates targeting AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zu Nie
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shan-Shuo Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Yan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kun Feng
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Food Quality and Safety Control, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yan-Jing Lao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ya-Ru Bao
- Science and Technology Division, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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4
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Etemadi A, Hemmati S, Shahrivar-Gargari M, Abibiglue YT, Bavili A, Hamzeh-Mivehroud M, Dastmalchi S. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Indanone Derivatives as Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Potential Use in Alzheimer's Disease. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300075. [PMID: 37458518 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Indanone derivatives containing meta/para-substituted aminopropoxy benzyl/benzylidene moieties were designed based on the structures of donepezil and ebselen analogs as the cholinesterase inhibitors. The designed compounds were synthesized and their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were measured. Inhibitory potencies (IC50 values) for the synthesized compounds ranged from 0.12 to 11.92 μM and 0.04 to 24.36 μM against AChE and BChE, respectively. Compound 5 c showed the highest AChE inhibitory potency with IC50 value of 0.12 μM, whereas the highest BChE inhibition was achieved by structure 7 b (IC50 =0.04 μM). Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis revealed that there is no significant difference between meta and para-substituted derivatives in AChE and BChE inhibition. However, the most potent AChE inhibitor 5 c belongs to meta-substituted compounds, while the most active BChE inhibitor is para-substituted derivative 7 b. The order of enzyme inhibition potency based on the substituted amine group is dimethyl amine>piperidine>morpholine. Compounds containing C=C linkage are more potent AChE inhibitors than the corresponding saturated structures. Molecular docking studies indicated that 5 c interacts with AChE in a very similar way to that observed experimentally for donepezil. The introduced indanone-aminopropoxy benzylidenes could be used in drug-discovery against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysan Etemadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Salar Hemmati
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahrivar-Gargari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yasaman Tamaddon Abibiglue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Bavili
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeh-Mivehroud
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, POBOX: 99138, Nicosia, Turkey
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5
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Nie RZ, Cai S, Yu B, Fan WY, Li HH, Tang SW, Huo YQ. Molecular insights into the very early steps of Aβ1-42 pentameric protofibril disassembly by PGG: A molecular dynamics simulation study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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6
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Liu C, Sang Z, Pan H, Wu Q, Qiu Y, Shi J. A Novel Multifunctional 5,6-Dimethoxy-Indanone-Chalcone-Carbamate Hybrids Alleviates Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer’s Disease by Dual Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase and Inflammation. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:922650. [PMID: 35860673 PMCID: PMC9289467 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.922650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. The treatment of AD through multiple pathological targets may generate therapeutic efficacy better. The multifunctional molecules that simultaneously hit several pathological targets have been of great interest in the intervention of AD. Methods Here, we combined the chalcone scaffold with carbamate moiety and 5,6-dimethoxy-indanone moiety to generate a novel multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) molecule (E)-3-((5,6-dimethoxy-1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene)-methyl)phenylethyl(methyl) carbamate (named AP5). In silico approaches were used to virtually predict the binding interaction of AP5 with AChE, the drug-likeness, and BBB penetrance, and later validated by evaluation of pharmacokinetics (PK) in vivo by LC-MS/MS. Moreover, studies were conducted to examine the potential of AP5 for inhibiting AChE and AChE-induced amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, attenuating neuroinflammation, and providing neuroprotection in the APP/PS1 model of AD. Results We found that AP5 can simultaneously bind to the peripheral and catalytic sites of AChE by molecular docking. AP5 exhibited desirable pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics including oral bioavailability (67.2%), >10% brain penetrance, and favorable drug-likeness. AP5 inhibited AChE activity and AChE-induced Aβ aggregation in vivo and in vitro. Further, AP5 lowered Aβ plaque deposition and insoluble Aβ levels in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, AP5 exerted anti-inflammatory responses by switching microglia to a disease-associated microglia (DAM) phenotype and preventing A1 astrocytes formation. The phagocytic activity of microglial cells to Aβ was recovered upon AP5 treatment. Importantly, chronic AP5 treatment significantly prevented neuronal and synaptic damage and memory deficits in AD mice. Conclusion Together, our work demonstrated that AP5 inhibited the AChE activity, decreased Aβ plaque deposition by interfering Aβ aggregation and promoting microglial Aβ phagocytosis, and suppressed inflammation, thereby rescuing neuronal and synaptic damage and relieving cognitive decline. Thus, AP5 can be a new promising candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhipei Sang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yu Qiu,
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Jingshan Shi,
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7
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Effects of Linkers and Substitutions on Multitarget Directed Ligands for Alzheimer’s Diseases: Emerging Paradigms and Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116085. [PMID: 35682763 PMCID: PMC9181730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is multifactorial, progressive and the most predominant cause of cognitive impairment and dementia worldwide. The current “one-drug, one-target” approach provides only symptomatic relief to the condition but is unable to cure the disease completely. The conventional single-target therapeutic approach might not always induce the desired effect due to the multifactorial nature of AD. Hence, multitarget strategies have been proposed to simultaneously knock out multiple targets involved in the development of AD. Herein, we provide an overview of the various strategies, followed by the multitarget-directed ligand (MTDL) development, rationale designs and efficient examples. Furthermore, the effects of the linkers and substitutional functional groups on MTDLs against various targets of AD and their modes of action are also discussed.
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8
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Tan Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li H, Peng T, Chen W, Wei P, Liu Z, He F, Li J, Ding H, Li N, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Hua Q. NeuroProtect, a Candidate Formula From Traditional Chinese Medicine, Attenuates Amyloid- β and Restores Synaptic Structures in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:850175. [PMID: 35586051 PMCID: PMC9108353 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.850175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. The emerging data suggest that cognitive decline occurred in the setting of Aβ accumulation with synaptic dysfunction, which started to happen at preclinical stages. Then, presymptomatic intervention is more critical to postponing AD processing. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of treating and preventing dementia. Findings have shown that the decoction of Panax notoginseng and Gardenia jasminoides Ellis enhances memory functions in patients with stroke, and their main components, Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) and geniposide (GP), improved memory abilities in experimental AD models. Since herbal medicine has advantages in protection with few side effects, we wish to extend observations of the NeuroProtect (NP) formulation for reducing amyloid-β and restoring synaptic structures in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Methods: APP/PS1 transgenic mice and their wild-type littermates were fed with control, NP, and their components from 4 to 7 months of age. We assessed the synaptic structure by Golgi staining, analyzed the amyloid deposits by Thioflavin-S staining, and measured related protein levels by Western blot or ELISA. We used the Morris water maze and shuttle box test to evaluate cognitive functions. Results: Compared to WT mice, APP/PS1 mice are characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques, reducing synaptic structure richness and memory deficits. NP prevents these changes and ameliorates cognitive deficits. These effects may have been due to the contribution of its components by inhibition of insoluble amyloid-β deposition and restoration of synaptic structures. Conclusion: These findings reveal a beneficial effect of NP on AD progression under an early intervention strategy and provide a food supplement for AD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiani Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Peng
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weihang Chen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoheng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fang He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,Xi’an Satellite Control Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Haimin Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhenqiang Zhang, ; Qian Hua, ,
| | - Qian Hua
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhenqiang Zhang, ; Qian Hua, ,
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Liu Y, Uras G, Onuwaje I, Li W, Yao H, Xu S, Li X, Li X, Phillips J, Allen S, Gong Q, Zhang H, Zhu Z, Liu J, Xu J. Novel inhibitors of AChE and Aβ aggregation with neuroprotective properties as lead compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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10
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Li XT. Alzheimer's disease therapy based on acetylcholinesterase inhibitor/blocker effects on voltage-gated potassium channels. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:581-587. [PMID: 35098414 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex and multifactorial, and remains obscure until now. To enhance the declined level of acetylcholine (ACh) resulting from loss of cholinergic neurons, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are developed and successfully approved for AD treatment in the clinic, with a limited therapeutic effectiveness. At present, it is generally accepted that multi-target strategy is potently useful for designing novel drugs for AD. Accumulated evidence reveals that Kv channels, which are broadly expressed in brain and possess crucial functions in modulating the neuronal activity, are inhibited by several acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, such as tacrine, bis(7)-tacrine, donepezil and galantamine. Inhibition of Kv channels by these AChE inhibitors can generate neuroprotective effects by either mitigating Aβ toxicity and neuronal apoptosis, or facilitating cell proliferation. These inhibitory effects provide additional explanations for clinical beneficial effectiveness of AChE inhibitors, meaning that Kv channel is a promising candidate target for novel drugs for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Tao Li
- Department of Neuroscience, South-Central University for Nationalities, 182 Minyuan Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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11
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First-in-Class Isonipecotamide-Based Thrombin and Cholinesterase Dual Inhibitors with Potential for Alzheimer Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175208. [PMID: 34500640 PMCID: PMC8434007 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the direct thrombin (thr) inhibitor dabigatran has proven to be beneficial in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aiming at discovering novel multimodal agents addressing thr and AD-related targets, a selection of previously and newly synthesized potent thr and factor Xa (fXa) inhibitors were virtually screened by the Multi-fingerprint Similarity Searching aLgorithm (MuSSeL) web server. The N-phenyl-1-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine-4-carboxamide derivative 1, which has already been experimentally shown to inhibit thr with a Ki value of 6 nM, has been flagged by a new, upcoming release of MuSSeL as a binder of cholinesterase (ChE) isoforms (acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, AChE and BChE), as well as thr, fXa, and other enzymes and receptors. Interestingly, the inhibition potency of 1 was predicted by the MuSSeL platform to fall within the low-to-submicromolar range and this was confirmed by experimental Ki values, which were found equal to 0.058 and 6.95 μM for eeAChE and eqBChE, respectively. Thirty analogs of 1 were then assayed as inhibitors of thr, fXa, AChE, and BChE to increase our knowledge of their structure-activity relationships, while the molecular determinants responsible for the multiple activities towards the target enzymes were rationally investigated by molecular cross-docking screening.
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12
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Gaudreault R, Hervé V, van de Ven TGM, Mousseau N, Ramassamy C. Polyphenol-Peptide Interactions in Mitigation of Alzheimer's Disease: Role of Biosurface-Induced Aggregation. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:33-55. [PMID: 33749653 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, responsible for nearly two-thirds of all dementia cases. In this review, we report the potential AD treatment strategies focusing on natural polyphenol molecules (green chemistry) and more specifically on the inhibition of polyphenol-induced amyloid aggregation/disaggregation pathways: in bulk and on biosurfaces. We discuss how these pathways can potentially alter the structure at the early stages of AD, hence delaying the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau. We also discuss multidisciplinary approaches, combining experimental and modelling methods, that can better characterize the biochemical and biophysical interactions between proteins and phenolic ligands. In addition to the surface-induced aggregation, which can occur on surfaces where protein can interact with other proteins and polyphenols, we suggest a new concept referred as "confinement stability". Here, on the contrary, the adsorption of Aβ and tau on biosurfaces other than Aβ- and tau-fibrils, e.g., red blood cells, can lead to confinement stability that minimizes the aggregation of Aβ and tau. Overall, these mechanisms may participate directly or indirectly in mitigating neurodegenerative diseases, by preventing protein self-association, slowing down the aggregation processes, and delaying the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gaudreault
- Department of Physics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Hervé
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
| | | | - Normand Mousseau
- Department of Physics, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Perone R, Albertini C, Uliassi E, Di Pietri F, de Sena Murteira Pinheiro P, Petralla S, Rizzardi N, Fato R, Pulkrabkova L, Soukup O, Tramarin A, Bartolini M, Bolognesi ML. Turning Donepezil into a Multi-Target-Directed Ligand through a Merging Strategy. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:187-198. [PMID: 32716144 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to the widespread use and safety profile of donepezil (1) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most widely adopted multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) design strategies is to modify its molecular structure by linking a second fragment carrying an additional AD-relevant biological property. Herein, supported by a proposed combination therapy of 1 and the quinone drug idebenone, we rationally designed novel 1-based MTDLs targeting Aβ and oxidative pathways. By exploiting a bioisosteric replacement of the indanone core of 1 with a 1,4-naphthoquinone, we ended up with a series of highly merged derivatives, in principle devoid of the "physicochemical challenge" typical of large hybrid-based MTDLs. A preliminary investigation of their multi-target profile identified 9, which showed a potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, together with antioxidant and antiaggregating properties. In addition, it displayed a promising drug-like profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Perone
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Albertini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Uliassi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flaminia Di Pietri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pedro de Sena Murteira Pinheiro
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Petralla
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lenka Pulkrabkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska, 1575
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Tramarin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6/Via Irnerio 48/Via Selmi 3, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Pérez-Areales FJ, Garrido M, Aso E, Bartolini M, De Simone A, Espargaró A, Ginex T, Sabate R, Pérez B, Andrisano V, Puigoriol-Illamola D, Pallàs M, Luque FJ, Loza MI, Brea J, Ferrer I, Ciruela F, Messeguer A, Muñoz-Torrero D. Centrally Active Multitarget Anti-Alzheimer Agents Derived from the Antioxidant Lead CR-6. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9360-9390. [PMID: 32706255 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease, but it should not be tackled alone rather together with other key targets to derive effective treatments. The combination of the scaffold of the polar antioxidant lead 7-methoxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-6-ol (CR-6) with that of the lipophilic cholinesterase inhibitor 6-chlorotacrine results in compounds with favorable brain permeability and multiple activities in vitro (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1), and Aβ42 and tau aggregation inhibition). In in vivo studies on wild-type and APP/presenilin 1 (PS1) mice, two selected compounds were well tolerated and led to positive trends, albeit statistically nonsignificant in some cases, on memory performance, amyloid pathology (reduced amyloid burden and potentiated non-amyloidogenic APP processing), and oxidative stress (reduced cortical oxidized proteins and increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1) and transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)). These compounds emerge as interesting brain-permeable multitarget compounds, with a potential as anti-Alzheimer agents beyond that of the original lead CR-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Javier Pérez-Areales
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Garrido
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Aso
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Neurosciences Institute, University of Barcelona (UB) and Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, E-08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela De Simone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alba Espargaró
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiziana Ginex
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, IBUB, and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTC), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Raimon Sabate
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics, and Toxicology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, I-47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Dolors Puigoriol-Illamola
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroUB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neuroscience (NeuroUB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier Luque
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, IBUB, and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (IQTC), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - María Isabel Loza
- BioFarma Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Brea
- BioFarma Research Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Av. de Barcelona s/n, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Neurosciences Institute, University of Barcelona (UB) and Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, E-08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,CIBERNED, E-28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Neurosciences Institute, University of Barcelona (UB) and Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, E-08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Angel Messeguer
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Benek O, Korabecny J, Soukup O. A Perspective on Multi-target Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:434-445. [PMID: 32448557 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a complex pathophysiology that includes aggregation of pathological proteins, impaired neurotransmission, increased oxidative stress, or microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Therapeutics targeting only one of these AD-related subpathologies have not yet been successful in the search for a disease-modifying treatment. Therefore, multi-target drugs (MTDs) aiming simultaneously at several subpathologies are expected to be a better approach. However, the concept of MTD is inherently connected with several limitations, which are often ignored during MTD design and development. Here, we provide an overview of the MTD approach and discuss its potential pitfalls in the context of AD treatment. We also put forward ideas to be used in the rational design of MTDs to obtain drugs that are effective against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Benek
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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16
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Chaves S, Resta S, Rinaldo F, Costa M, Josselin R, Gwizdala K, Piemontese L, Capriati V, Pereira-Santos AR, Cardoso SM, Santos MA. Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Evaluation of Hydroxybenzimidazole-Donepezil Analogues as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:E985. [PMID: 32098407 PMCID: PMC7070709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of multi-target-directed ligands (MTDLs), obtained by attachment of a hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole (BIM) unit to donepezil (DNP) active mimetic moiety (benzyl-piperidine/-piperazine) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) drugs in terms of biological activity (inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation), metal chelation, and neuroprotection capacity. Among the DNP-BIM hybrids studied herein, the structural isomerization did not significantly improve the biological properties, while some substitutions, namely fluorine atom in each moiety or the methoxy group in the benzyl ring, evidenced higher cholinergic AChE activity. All the compounds are able to chelate Cu and Zn metal ions through their bidentate BIM moieties, but compound 5, containing a three-dentate chelating unit, is the strongest Cu(II) chelator. Concerning the viability on neuroblastoma cells, compounds 9 and 10 displayed the highest reduction of Aβ-induced cell toxicity. In silico calculations of some pharmacokinetic descriptors indicate that all the compounds but the nitro derivatives have good potential oral-bioavailability. Overall, it can be concluded that most of the studied DNP-BIM conjugates showed quite good anti-AD properties, therefore deserving to be considered in further studies with the aim of understanding and treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Chaves
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
| | - Simonetta Resta
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia–Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (L.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Federica Rinaldo
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
- Dipartimento di Farmacia–Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (L.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Marina Costa
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
| | - Romane Josselin
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
| | - Karolina Gwizdala
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia–Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (L.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Vito Capriati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia–Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (L.P.); (V.C.)
- Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S., Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - A. Raquel Pereira-Santos
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.R.P.-S.); (S.M.C.)
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra M. Cardoso
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (A.R.P.-S.); (S.M.C.)
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M. Amélia Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.C.); (S.R.); (F.R.); (M.C.); (R.J.); (K.G.)
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17
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Gupta S, Dasmahapatra AK. Caffeine destabilizes preformed Aβ protofilaments: insights from all atom molecular dynamics simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22067-22080. [PMID: 31565708 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation and deposition of neurotoxic Aβ fibrils are key in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been clinically recognized as a major form of dementia across the globe. Finding and testing various natural compounds to target Aβ fibrils to disrupt their stable structures seems to be a promising and attractive therapeutic strategy. The destabilization effects of caffeine on Aβ fibrils are investigated via in silico studies, where a series of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, each of 100 ns, was conducted. The simulation outcomes obtained henceforth clearly indicated the drift of the terminal chains from the protofibrils, leading to disorganization of the characteristically organized cross-β structures of Aβ fibrils. The structural instability of Aβ17-42 protofibrils is explained through enhanced fluctuations in the RMSD, radius of gyration and RMSF values in the presence of caffeine. The key interactions providing stability, comprising D23-K28 salt bridges, intra- and inter-chain hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions involving interchain A21-V36 and F19-G38 and intrachain L34-V36, were found to be disrupted due to increases in the distances between the participating components. The loss of β-sheet structure with the introduction of turns and α-helices in terminal chains may further inhibit the formation of higher order aggregates, which is necessary to stop the progression of the disease. The atomistic details obtained via MD studies relating to the mechanism behind the underlying destabilization of Aβ17-42 protofibrils by caffeine encourage further investigations exploring the potency of natural compounds to treat AD via disrupting preformed neurotoxic Aβ protofibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati - 781039, Assam, India.
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18
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Soukup O, Korabecny J. Editorial: Multi Target - Directed Ligands in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:771. [DOI: 10.2174/156720501609191029115310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center University Hospital Hradec Kralove Sokolska 581 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center University Hospital Hradec Kralove Sokolska 581 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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19
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Kaur A, Narang SS, Kaur A, Mann S, Priyadarshi N, Goyal B, Singhal NK, Goyal D. Multifunctional Mono-Triazole Derivatives Inhibit Aβ42 Aggregation and Cu2+-Mediated Aβ42 Aggregation and Protect Against Aβ42-Induced Cytotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1824-1839. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjeet Singh Narang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Anupamjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmani Mann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
| | - Nitesh Priyadarshi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, S.A.S. Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupesh Goyal
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Singhal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, S.A.S. Nagar 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Deepti Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib 140406, Punjab, India
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