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Cao D, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Shao M, Yang Q, Wang P. Association between gynecologic cancer and Alzheimer's disease: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1032. [PMID: 39169299 PMCID: PMC11337634 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifests with a higher rate of occurrence in women. Previous epidemiological studies have suggested a potential association between AD and gynecological cancers, but the causal relationship between them remains unclear. This study aims to explore the causal link between 12 types of gynecological cancers and AD using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS We obtained genetic correlation tools for AD using data from the most extensive genome-wide association study. Genetic correlation data for 12 types of gynecological cancers were also sourced from the Finnish Biobank. These cancers include breast cancer (BC), cervical adenocarcinoma (CA), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), cervical cancer (CC), endometrial cancer (EC), ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC), ovarian cancer (OC), ovarian serous carcinoma (OSC), breast carcinoma in situ (BCIS), cervical carcinoma in situ (CCIS), endometrial carcinoma in situ (ECIS), and vulvar carcinoma in situ (VCIS). We used the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model for causal analysis and conducted horizontal pleiotropy tests, heterogeneity tests, MR-PRESSO tests, and leave-one-out analyses to ensure the robustness of our results. We also applied replication analysis and meta-analysis to further validate our experimental results. RESULTS The study found that EC (P_IVW =0.037, OR [95% CI] = 1.032 [1.002, 1.064]) and CCIS (P_IVW = 0.046, OR [95% CI] = 1.032 [1.011, 1.064]) increase the risk of AD, whereas OC was negatively correlated with AD (P_IVW = 0.016, OR [95% CI] = 0.974[0.954, 0.995]). In reverse MR analysis, AD increased the risk of CC (P_IVW = 0.039, OR [95% CI] = 1.395 [1.017, 1.914]) and VCIS (P_IVW = 0.041, OR [95% CI] = 1.761 [1.027, 2.021]), but was negatively correlated with OEC (P_IVW = 0.034, OR [95% CI] = 0.634 [0.417, 0.966]). Sensitivity analysis results demonstrated robustness. These findings were further substantiated through replication and meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS Our MR study supports a causal relationship between AD and gynecological cancers. This encourages further research into the incidence of gynecological cancers in female Alzheimer's patients and the active prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cao
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Yini Zhang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qiguang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
- Engineering Research Center of TCM Protection Technology and New Product Development for the Elderly Brain Health, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
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Lee ST, Lee YL, Chung CH, Chien WC, Li ST, Yao CY, Tzeng NS. Cervical cancer and risk of dementia: real-world insights from a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2024; 34:1156-1164. [PMID: 39043574 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2024-005408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer, linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), ranks fourth among women's cancers globally. Several studies have found an association between viral infections or cancer and dementia, which is a major public health concern. This study aimed to provide real-world data on the association between cervical cancer and the risk of dementia. METHODS This population-based cohort study, utilizing Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, included 53 905 patients, with 10 781 having cervical cancer, matching with 43 124 controls in a 1:4 ratio based on age and indexed date. Incidence density rates were used to calculate the incidence rate of dementia. Adjusting for comorbidities, a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, the risk of dementia was further verified using the cumulative incidence analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS This study indicated a significantly higher dementia risk in the cervical cancer cohort compared with the non-cervical cancer cohort (adjusted HR (aHR)=1.64, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.26; p<0.001), suggesting a 1.64-fold increased risk. Notably, cervical cancer posed a greater risk of dementia (aHR=1.69, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.29; p<0.001) compared with carcinoma in situ of the cervix (p=0.18) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (p=0.23). The cumulative incidence of dementia in the cervical cancer group was significantly higher (log-rank test, p<0.001) than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Cervical cancer (invasive disease) was associated with a significant risk of dementia, unlike carcinoma in situ of the cervix and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (pre-invasive diseases), suggesting HPV infections may play a role in dementia, particularly oncogenic types. This highlights the importance of further investigation into the underlying mechanisms of the association between cervical cancer and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siou-Ting Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Lungtan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Liang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health and Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tao Li
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Yao
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Awasthi P, Kumar D, Hasan S. Role of 14-3-3 protein family in the pathobiology of EBV in immortalized B cells and Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1353828. [PMID: 39144488 PMCID: PMC11322100 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1353828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Several studies have revealed that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection raised the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) via infecting B lymphocytes. The purpose of the current investigation was to assess the possible association between EBV infection and AD. Methods The microarray datasets GSE49628, GSE126379, GSE122063, and GSE132903 were utilized to extract DEGs by using the GEO2R tool of the GEO platform. The STRING tool was used to determine the interaction between the DEGs, and Cytoscape was used to visualize the results. The DEGs that were found underwent function analysis, including pathway and GO, using the DAVID 2021 and ClueGo/CluePedia. By using MNC, MCC, Degree, and Radiality of cytoHubba, we identified seven common key genes. Gene co-expression analysis was performed through the GeneMANIA web tool. Furthermore, expression analysis of key genes was performed through GTEx software, which have been identified in various human brain regions. The miRNA-gene interaction was performed through the miRNet v 2.0 tool. DsigDB on the Enrichr platform was utilized to extract therapeutic drugs connected to key genes. Results In GEO2R analysis of datasets with |log2FC|≥ 0.5 and p-value <0.05, 8386, 10,434, 7408, and 759 genes were identified. A total of 141 common DEGs were identified by combining the extracted genes of different datasets. A total of 141 nodes and 207 edges were found during the PPI analysis. The DEG GO analysis with substantial alterations disclosed that they are associated to molecular functions and biological processes, such as positive regulation of neuron death, autophagy regulation of mitochondrion, response of cell to insulin stimulus, calcium signaling regulation, organelle transport along microtubules, protein kinase activity, and phosphoserine binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis discovered the correlation between the DEGs in pathways of neurodegeneration: multiple disease, cell cycle, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Finally, YWHAH, YWHAG, YWHAB, YWHAZ, MAP2K1, PPP2CA, and TUBB genes were identified that are strongly linked to EBV and AD. Three miRNAs, i.e., hsa-mir-15a-5p, hsa-let-7a-5p, and hsa-mir-7-5p, were identified to regulate most of hub genes that are associated with EBV and AD. Further top 10 significant therapeutic drugs were predicted. Conclusion We have discovered new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AD, as well as the possible biological mechanisms whereby infection with EBV may be involved in AD susceptibility for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prankur Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University Dehradun, Dehradun, India
| | - Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
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Rippee-Brooks MD, Wu W, Dong J, Pappolla M, Fang X, Bao X. Viral Infections, Are They a Trigger and Risk Factor of Alzheimer's Disease? Pathogens 2024; 13:240. [PMID: 38535583 PMCID: PMC10974111 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive and debilitating condition, is reported to be the most common type of dementia, with at least 55 million people believed to be currently affected. Many causation hypotheses of AD exist, yet the intriguing link between viral infection and its possible contribution to the known etiology of AD has become an attractive focal point of research for the field and a challenging study task. In this review, we will explore the historical perspective and milestones that led the field to investigate the viral connection to AD. Specifically, several viruses such as Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1), Zika virus (ZIKV), and severe cute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), along with several others mentioned, include the various viruses presently considered within the field. We delve into the strong evidence implicating these viruses in the development of AD such as the lytic replication and axonal transport of HSV-1, the various mechanisms of ZIKV neurotropism through the human protein Musashi-1 (MSI1), and the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through the transfer of the virus through the BBB endothelial cells to glial cells and then to neurons via transsynaptic transfer. We will also explore beyond these mere associations by carefully analyzing the potential mechanisms by which these viruses may contribute to AD pathology. This includes but is not limited to direct neuronal infections, the dysregulation of immune responses, and the impact on protein processing (Aβ42 and hyperphosphorylated tau). Controversies and challenges of the virus-AD relationship emerge as we tease out these potential mechanisms. Looking forward, we emphasize future directions, such as distinct questions and proposed experimentations to explore, that the field should take to tackle the remaining unanswered questions and the glaring research gaps that persist. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the past, present, and future of the potential link between viral infections and their association with AD development while encouraging further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan D. Rippee-Brooks
- Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Wenzhe Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Jianli Dong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Miguel Pappolla
- Department of Neurology and Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Neurology and Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Bao
- Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
- The Institute of Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
- The Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang S, Song Z, Lu K, Yang W. A review and analysis of key biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1358998. [PMID: 38445255 PMCID: PMC10912539 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1358998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects over 50 million elderly individuals worldwide. Although the pathogenesis of AD is not fully understood, based on current research, researchers are able to identify potential biomarker genes and proteins that may serve as effective targets against AD. This article aims to present a comprehensive overview of recent advances in AD biomarker identification, with highlights on the use of various algorithms, the exploration of relevant biological processes, and the investigation of shared biomarkers with co-occurring diseases. Additionally, this article includes a statistical analysis of key genes reported in the research literature, and identifies the intersection with AD-related gene sets from databases such as AlzGen, GeneCard, and DisGeNet. For these gene sets, besides enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks utilized to identify central genes among the overlapping genes. Enrichment analysis, protein interaction network analysis, and tissue-specific connectedness analysis based on GTEx database performed on multiple groups of overlapping genes. Our work has laid the foundation for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AD and more accurate identification of key AD markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Suixia Zhang
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Zhixin Song
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Ke Lu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Wenzhong Yang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
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Aerqin Q, Wang ZT, Wu KM, He XY, Dong Q, Yu JT. Omics-based biomarkers discovery for Alzheimer's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:585. [PMID: 36348101 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04614-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorders presenting with the pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and tau tangles. Over the past few years, great efforts have been made to explore reliable biomarkers of AD. High-throughput omics are a technology driven by multiple levels of unbiased data to detect the complex etiology of AD, and it provides us with new opportunities to better understand the pathophysiology of AD and thereby identify potential biomarkers. Through revealing the interaction networks between different molecular levels, the ultimate goal of multi-omics is to improve the diagnosis and treatment of AD. In this review, based on the current AD pathology and the current status of AD diagnostic biomarkers, we summarize how genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics are all conducing to the discovery of reliable AD biomarkers that could be developed and used in clinical AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolifan Aerqin
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zuo-Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai-Min Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiao-Yu He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Implications of Microorganisms in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4584-4615. [PMID: 36286029 PMCID: PMC9600878 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44100314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a deadly brain degenerative disorder that leads to brain shrinkage and dementia. AD is manifested with hyperphosphorylated tau protein levels and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide buildup in the hippocampus and cortex regions of the brain. The nervous tissue of AD patients also contains fungal proteins and DNA which are linked to bacterial infections, suggesting that polymicrobial infections also occur in the brains of those with AD. Both immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques were employed to assess fungal and bacterial infections in the brain tissue of AD patients and non-AD controls, with the most prevalent fungus genera detected in AD patients being Alternaria, Botrytis, Candida, and Malassezia. Interestingly, Fusarium was the most common genus detected in the control group. Both AD patients and controls were also detectable for Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroides for bacterial infection. At the family level, Burkholderiaceae and Staphylococcaceae exhibited higher levels in the brains of those with AD than the brains of the control group. Accordingly, there is thought to be a viscous cycle of uncontrolled neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the brain, caused by agents such as the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), Chlamydophilapneumonia, and Spirochetes, and the presence of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), which is associated with an increased proinflammatory response in the immune system. Systemic proinflammatory cytokines are produced by microorganisms such as Cytomegalovirus, Helicobacter pylori, and those related to periodontal infections. These can then cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and lead to the onset of dementia. Here, we reviewed the relationship between the etiology of AD and microorganisms (such as bacterial pathogens, Herpesviridae viruses, and periodontal pathogens) according to the evidence available to understand the pathogenesis of AD. These findings might guide a targeted anti-inflammatory therapeutic approach to AD.
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Wu X, Zheng X, Tang H, Zhao L, He C, Zou Y, Song X, Li L, Yin Z, Ye G. A network pharmacology approach to identify the mechanisms and molecular targets of curcumin against Alzheimer disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30194. [PMID: 36042609 PMCID: PMC9410577 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease, which may lead to severe memory loss and other cognitive disorders. However, few effective drugs are available in the clinic at present. Curcumin, a major ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, Curcuma Longa, has various pharmacological activities. Therefore, exploring clinical drugs based on the inhibition of AD pathological features is imperative. METHODS First, we utilized the HERB database and Swisstarget Prediction database to get the related targets of curcumin and intersected with the AD targets. The intersection targets were used to construct the protein-protein interaction network and performed gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analyses. Further, we obtained targets of curcumin against AD-related tau and aβ pathology via the AlzData database. These targets were applied to perform GEO and receiver operating characteristic analyses. Finally, the reliability of the core targets was evaluated using molecular docking technology. RESULTS We identified 49 targets of curcumin against AD, and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the Alzheimer disease pathway (has05010) was significantly enriched. Even more, we obtained 16 targets of curcumin-related Aβ and tau pathology. Among these targets, 8 targets involved the Alzheimer disease pathway and the biological process analyses showed that positive regulation of cytokine production (GO:0001819) was significantly enriched. Bioinformatic analyses indicated that HMOX1, CSF1R, NFKB1, GSK3B, BACE1, AR, or PTGS1 expression was significantly different compared to the control group in the AD patients. Finally, molecular docking studies suggested these genes have a good binding force with curcumin. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified curcumin exerted the effect of treating AD by regulating multitargets and multichannels through the method of network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Ye, PhD, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China (e-mail: )
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Ye, PhD, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China (e-mail: )
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Changliang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixia Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, China
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Zhang N, Zuo Y, Jiang L, Peng Y, Huang X, Zuo L. Epstein-Barr Virus and Neurological Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:816098. [PMID: 35083281 PMCID: PMC8784775 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.816098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as human herpesvirus 4, is a double-stranded DNA virus that is ubiquitous in 90–95% of the population as a gamma herpesvirus. It exists in two main states, latent infection and lytic replication, each encoding viral proteins with different functions. Human B-lymphocytes and epithelial cells are EBV-susceptible host cells. EBV latently infects B cells and nasopharyngeal epithelial cells throughout life in most immunologically active individuals. EBV-infected cells, free viruses, their gene products, and abnormally elevated EBV titers are observed in the cerebrospinal fluid. Studies have shown that EBV can infect neurons directly or indirectly via infected B-lymphocytes, induce neuroinflammation and demyelination, promote the proliferation, degeneration, and necrosis of glial cells, promote proliferative disorders of B- and T-lymphocytes, and contribute to the occurrence and development of nervous system diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, acute cerebellar ataxia, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and brain tumors. However, the specific underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In this paper, we review the mechanisms underlying the role of EBV in the development of central nervous system diseases, which could bebeneficial in providing new research ideas and potential clinical therapeutic targets for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Hunan Dongkou People’s Hospital, Shaoyang, China
| | - Yuxin Zuo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lielian Zuo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Lielian Zuo,
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Sun X, Zhang H, Yao D, Xu Y, Jing Q, Cao S, Tian L, Li C. Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies Hub Genes Associated with Viral Infection and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:1053-1061. [PMID: 34924389 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, the etiology of which is unclear. Previous studies have suggested that some viruses are neurotropic and associated with AD. OBJECTIVE By using bioinformatics analysis, we investigated the potential association between viral infection and AD. METHODS A total of 5,066 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the temporal cortex between AD and control samples were identified. These DEGs were then examined via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and clustered into modules of genes with similar expression patterns. Of identified modules, module turquoise had the highest correlation with AD. The module turquoise was further characterized using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that the KEGG pathways of the module turquoise were mainly associated with viral infection signaling, specifically Herpes simplex virus, Human papillomavirus, and Epstein-Barr virus infections. A total of 126 genes were enriched in viral infection signaling pathways. In addition, based on values of module membership and gene significance, a total of 508 genes within the module were selected for further analysis. By intersecting these 508 genes with those 126 genes enriched in viral infection pathways, we identified 4 hub genes that were associated with both viral infection and AD: TLR2, COL1A2, NOTCH3, and ZNF132. CONCLUSION Through bioinformatics analysis, we demonstrated a potential link between viral infection and AD. These findings may provide a platform to further our understanding of AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Sun
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yaru Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qi Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Silu Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li Tian
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Miziak B, Błaszczyk B, Czuczwar SJ. Some Candidate Drugs for Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's Disease. PHARMACEUTICALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:ph14050458. [PMID: 34068096 PMCID: PMC8152728 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD; progressive neurodegenerative disorder) is associated with cognitive and functional impairment with accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms. The available pharmacological treatment is of a symptomatic nature and, as such, it does not modify the cause of AD. The currently used drugs to enhance cognition include an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist (memantine) and cholinesterase inhibitors. The PUBMED, Medical Subject Heading and Clinical Trials databases were used for searching relevant data. Novel treatments are focused on already approved drugs for other conditions and also searching for innovative drugs encompassing investigational compounds. Among the approved drugs, we investigated, are intranasal insulin (and other antidiabetic drugs: liraglitude, pioglitazone and metformin), bexarotene (an anti-cancer drug and a retinoid X receptor agonist) or antidepressant drugs (citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline, mirtazapine). The latter, especially when combined with antipsychotics (for instance quetiapine or risperidone), were shown to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms in AD patients. The former enhanced cognition. Procognitive effects may be also expected with dietary antioxidative and anti-inflammatory supplements—curcumin, myricetin, and resveratrol. Considering a close relationship between brain ischemia and AD, they may also reduce post-brain ischemia neurodegeneration. An investigational compound, CN-105 (a lipoprotein E agonist), has a very good profile in AD preclinical studies, and its clinical trial for postoperative dementia is starting soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Miziak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Błaszczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, High School of Economics, Law and Medical Sciences, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Stanisław J. Czuczwar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-65-00; Fax: +48-81-65-00-01
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12
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Khan A, Sergi C. SAMHD1 as the Potential Link Between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Neurological Complications. Front Neurol 2020; 11:562913. [PMID: 33101175 PMCID: PMC7546029 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.562913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic of coronavirus infectious illness 2019 (COVID19) triggered by SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread around the globe, generating in severe events an acute, highly lethal pneumonia and death. In the past two hitherto similar CoVs, the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV-1) and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV) also gained universal attention as they produced clinical symptoms similar to those of SARS-CoV-2 utilizing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) to go into the cells. COVID-19 may also present with overtly neurological symptoms. The proper understanding of the expression and dissemination of ACE2 in central and peripheral nerve systems is crucial to understand better the neurological morbidity caused by COVID-19. Using the STRING bioinformatic tool and references through text mining tools associated to Coronaviruses, we identified SAMHD1 as the probable link to neurological symptoms. Paralleled to the response to influenza A virus and, specifically, respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2 evokes a response that needs robust induction of a subclass of cytokines, including the Type I and, obviously, Type III interferons as well as a few chemokines. We correlate ACE2 to the pathogenesis and neurologic complications of COVID-19 and found that SAMHD1 links to NF-κB pathway. No correlation was found with other molecules associated with Coronavirus infection, including ADAR, BST2, IRF3, IFITM3, ISG15, MX1, MX2, RNASEL, RSAD2, and VPRBP. We suggest that SAMHD1 is the molecule that may be behind the mechanisms of the neurological complications associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiza Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Albert Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Albert Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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13
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Lin CH, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chiang CP, Wang WM, Chang HA, Kao YC, Tzeng NS. Increased risk of dementia in patients with genital warts: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan. J Dermatol 2020; 47:503-511. [PMID: 32189395 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genital warts are a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. The prevalence of dementia is 4-8% in those aged 65 years or older in Taiwanese community studies, with a high social and economic burden for patients, family caregivers, the community and society. Previous studies have shown that viral infections such as herpes simplex and herpes zoster were associated with dementia. This study aimed to investigate the association between dementia and HPV infections. A population-based cohort study using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database was conducted. Fine and Grays's survival analysis was employed to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between genital warts and dementia. From all of the potential participants aged 50 years or more, a total of 16 116 patients were enrolled, including 4029 genital warts-infected patients, with 12 087 sex-, age- and indexed date-matched controls (1:3). The cumulative incidences of dementia were 10.72 per 103 person-years and 6.43 per 103 person-years in the genital warts and control group, respectively. There were 475 dementia cases from the genital warts cohort during the follow-up period of 15 years. The adjusted HR for dementia was 1.485 (95% CI, 1.321-1.668; P < 0.001) for genital warts patients after adjusting for all of the covariates. Our study indicates that genital warts infection may increase the risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hua Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Penghu, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ping Chiang
- Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Allnutt MA, Johnson K, Bennett DA, Connor SM, Troncoso JC, Pletnikova O, Albert MS, Resnick SM, Scholz SW, De Jager PL, Jacobson S. Human Herpesvirus 6 Detection in Alzheimer's Disease Cases and Controls across Multiple Cohorts. Neuron 2020; 105:1027-1035.e2. [PMID: 31983538 PMCID: PMC7182308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between viral infection and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has long been an area of interest, but proving causality has been elusive. Several recent studies have renewed the debate concerning the role of herpesviruses, and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in particular, in AD. We screened for HHV-6 detection across three independent AD brain repositories using (1) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets and (2) DNA samples extracted from AD and non-AD control brains. The RNA-seq data were screened for pathogens against taxon references from over 25,000 microbes, including 118 human viruses, whereas DNA samples were probed for PCR reactivity to HHV-6A and HHV-6B. HHV-6 demonstrated little specificity to AD brains over controls by either method, whereas other viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV), were detected at comparable levels. These direct methods of viral detection do not suggest an association between HHV-6 and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Alice Allnutt
- Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Kory Johnson
- Bioinformatics Section, Information Technology & Bioinformatics Program, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke/National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Alzheimer Disease Center, RUSH University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sarah M Connor
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sonja W Scholz
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Steven Jacobson
- Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
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15
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Wang K, Fan J, Lin W, Zou C, He M, Cai Y, Pei H, Li M. Functional polymorphism of PIN1 rs2233679 is associated with the progression of CIN to early cervical cancer in Hunan Chinese. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 59:220-226. [PMID: 32127141 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) involves alteration of the structure, function, intracellular localization and/or stability of the phosphorylated protein on serine or threonine residues which relates to inflammation and tumorigenesis. Association between PIN1 promoter polymorphisms and cancer risk were reported in several cancers. We intend to study the relationship between the polymorphism of PIN1 promoter and cervical cancer initiation and development. MATERIALS AND METHODS We genotyped two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2233678 and rs2233679) in the promoter of the PIN1 gene in healthy controls, patients with CIN or cervical cancer. We used polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing methods to analyze these two SNPs in 179 patients and 223 healthy controls. Luciferase activity assay was used to detect PIN1 expression driven by the rs2233679. RESULTS The results revealed that the carriers of rs2233679 genotypes CT/TT had a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer in patients with CIN compared with genotype CC (odds ration [OR] = 2.924, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.093-7.819, P = 0.033). Luciferase activity assay results revealed that PIN1 expression driven by the rs2233679 genotype TT was higher than the genotype CC (P < 0.05). On the other hand, no significant correlation between the healthy controls and patients was found for PIN1 rs2233678 which showed that rs2233678 genotypes CG/GG is 95% in healthy controls and 100% in patients. CONCLUSION PIN1 rs2233679 genotype CT/TT may be a risk factor of early cervical cancer compared with genotype CC in Hunan populations. Our findings suggest that PIN1 rs2233679 genotype CT/TT might involve in the progression of the precancerous stage developing to early cancer by enhancing PIN1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangtao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
| | - Jielin Fan
- Department of Gynecologic Tumor, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013 PR China.
| | - Wenchao Lin
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
| | - Chun Zou
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
| | - Mei He
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
| | - Yubo Cai
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
| | - Haiping Pei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008 PR China.
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16
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Chen YC, Chiu YJ, Lin CH, Hsu WC, Wu JL, Huang CH, Lin CW, Yao CF, Huang HJ, Lo YS, Chen CM, Wu YR, Chang KH, Lee-Chen GJ, Mei Hsieh-Li H. Indole Compound NC009-1 Augments APOE and TRKA in Alzheimer's Disease Cell and Mouse Models for Neuroprotection and Cognitive Improvement. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:737-756. [PMID: 30689566 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), associated with abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ), is the most common cause of dementia among older people. A few studies have identified substantial AD biomarkers in blood but their results were inconsistent. Here we screened gene expression alterations on Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y neuronal model for AD, and evaluated the findings on peripheral leukocytes from 78 patients with AD and 56 healthy controls. The therapeutic responses of identified biomarker candidates were further examined in Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y neuronal and APP/PS1/Tau triple transgenic (3×Tg-AD) mouse models. Downregulation of apolipoprotein E (APOE) and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA) were detected in Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y cells and validated by peripheral leukocytes from AD patients. Treatment with an in-house indole compound NC009-1 upregulated the expression of APOE and TRKA accompanied with improvement of neurite outgrowth in Aβ-GFP SH-SY5Y cells. NC009-1 further rescued the downregulated APOE and TRKA and reduced Aβ and tau levels in hippocampus and cortex, and ameliorated cognitive deficits in streptozocin-induced hyperglycemic 3×Tg-AD mice. These results suggest the role of APOE and TRKA as potential peripheral biomarkers in AD, and offer a new drug development target of AD treatment. Further studies of a large series of AD patients will be warranted to verify the findings and confirm the correlation between these markers and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jen Chiu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chuin Hsu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Dementia Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Lu Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fa Yao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Jen Huang
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shi Lo
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Talwar P, Kushwaha S, Gupta R, Agarwal R. Systemic Immune Dyshomeostasis Model and Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:290. [PMID: 31736740 PMCID: PMC6838686 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) still remains an enigma for researchers and clinicians. The onset of AD is insidious, gradually progressive and multifactorial. The recent accumulated scientific evidences suggests that the pathological changes resemble the autoimmune-driven self-sustaining inflammatory process as a result of prolonged oxidative stress and immune dyshomeostasis. Apart from aging, during life span various other factors-mainly environmental, lifestyle, chronic stress, polymicrobial infections and neuroendocrine functions-affect the immune system. Here, we provide crosstalk among "trigger insults/inflammatory stimulus" i.e., polymicrobial infection, chronic stress, pro-inflammatory diet and cholinergic signaling to put forward a "Systemic Immune Dyshomeostasis" model as to connect the events leading to AD development and progression. Our model implicates altered cholinergic signaling and suggests pathological stages with various modifiable risk factors and triggers at different chronological age and stage of cognitive decline. The search of specific autoantibodies for AD which may serve as the suitable blood/CSF biomarkers should be actively pursued for the early diagnosis of AD. The preventive and therapeutic strategies should be directed towards maintaining the normal functioning of the immune system throughout the life span and specific modulation of the immune responses in the brain depending on the stage of changes in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Talwar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Suman Kushwaha
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Renu Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Agarwal
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS), University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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18
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Liu J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Huo M, Sun X, Xu Z, Tan N, Du K, Wang Y, Zhang J, Wang W. A Network Pharmacology Approach to Explore the Mechanisms of Qishen Granules in Heart Failure. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7735-7745. [PMID: 31613871 PMCID: PMC6813758 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms of Qishen granules (QSG) in the treatment of HF, and to provide new evidence and insights for its clinical application. Information on QSG ingredients was collected from Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP), TCM@Taiwan, TCMID, and Batman, and input into SwissTargetPrediction to identify the compound targets. HF-related targets were detected from Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), Disgenet-Gene, Drugbank database, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. The overlap targets of QSG and HF were identified for pathway enrichment analysis by utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of QSG-HF was constructed, following by the generation of core targets, construction of core modules, and KEGG analysis of the core functional modules. There were 1909 potential targets predicted from the 243 bioactive compounds in QSG which shared 129 common targets with HF-related targets. KEGG pathway analysis of common targets indicated that QSG could regulated 23 representative pathways. In the QSG-HF PPI network analysis, 10 key targets were identified, including EDN1, AGT, CREB1, ACE, CXCR4, ADRBK1, AGTR1, BDKRB1, ADRB2, and F2. Further cluster and enrichment analysis suggested that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, renin secretion, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and the renin-angiotensin system might be core pathways of QSG for HF. Our study elucidated the possible mechanisms of QSG from a systemic and holistic perspective. The key targets and pathways will provide new insights for further research on the pharmacological mechanism of QSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yuan Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yili Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Mengqi Huo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zixuan Xu
- Respiratory Department, Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Nannan Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Kangjia Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China (mainland)
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19
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Dovrolis N, Filidou E, Kolios G. Systems biology in inflammatory bowel diseases: on the way to precision medicine. Ann Gastroenterol 2019; 32:233-246. [PMID: 31040620 PMCID: PMC6479645 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2019.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The elucidation of their etiopathology requires complex and multiple approaches. Systems biology has come to fulfill this need in approaching the pathogenetic mechanisms of IBD and its etiopathology, in a comprehensive way, by combining data from different scientific sources. In combination with bioinformatics and network medicine, it uses principles from computer science, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine and computational tools to achieve its purposes. Systems biology utilizes scientific sources that provide data from omics studies (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, etc.) and clinical observations, whose combined analysis leads to network formation and ultimately to a more integrative image of disease etiopathogenesis. In this review, we analyze the current literature on the methods and the tools utilized by systems biology in order to cover an innovative and exciting field: IBD-omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Dovrolis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eirini Filidou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George Kolios
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Correspondence to: Prof. George Kolios, MD PhD, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece, e-mail:
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