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Renner W, Langsenlehner U, Langsenlehner T. The Functional Erythropoetin rs1617640 Gene Polymorphism does not Affect Life Expectancy of Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:199. [PMID: 39077006 PMCID: PMC11266450 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2407199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A common functional variant (c.-1306A > C, rs1617640) in the gene encoding erythropoietin (EPO) has been linked to expression of erythropoietin and markers of erythropoiesis. Aim of the current study was the analysis of the role of this polymorphism for long term survival of patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods EPO genotypes as well as biomarkers for erythropoiesis were analyzed in a cohort of 946 patients with PAD. Survival follow-up was performed 20 years af-ter recruitment of patients. Results Twenty years after recruitment, 752 (79.5%) patients were dead, 103 (10.9%) were still alive, and 91 (9.6%) were lost-to-follow up. In a Cox regression analysis including smoking habit, sex, type-2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and arterial hypertension, EPO genotypes were not associated with overall survival (Hazard ratio 0.63; 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.08, p = 0.63). Conclusions The functional EPO rs1617640 gene polymorphism, irrespective of its association with markers of erythropoiesis, does not affect survival of PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Renner
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Tanja Langsenlehner
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
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2
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Wu J, Zhu D, Currie S. Editorial: Arteriogenesis and Collateral Remodelling in Ischaemic Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:916218. [PMID: 35783846 PMCID: PMC9242630 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.916218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Junxi Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Junxi Wu
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Susan Currie
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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3
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The relationship between atherogenic index and coronary collateral circulation. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.1005712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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4
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The Erythropoetin rs1617640 Gene Polymorphism Associates with Hemoglobin Levels, Hematocrit and Red Blood Cell Count in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111305. [PMID: 33158076 PMCID: PMC7694227 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Erythropoietin has a pivotal role in erythropoiesis and angiogenesis. A common polymorphism (rs1617640, A > C) in the promoter of the erythropoietin gene (EPO) has been associated with erythropoietin expression and microvascular complications of diabetes. We aimed to analyze the potential role of this polymorphism in the pathogenesis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: EPO genotypes and laboratory markers for erythropoiesis were determined in 945 patients with PAD. Results: The minor EPO rs1617640 C-allele was associated in an allele-dose-dependent manner with hemoglobin levels (p = 0.006), hematocrit (p = 0.029), and red blood cell count (p = 0.003). In a multivariate linear regression analysis including conventional risk factors diabetes, sex, and smoking, EPO genotypes were furthermore associated with age at onset of PAD symptoms (p = 0.009). Conclusions: The EPO rs1617640 gene polymorphism affects erythropoiesis, leads to an earlier onset of PAD, and is a potential biomarker for the pathogenesis of this disease.
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5
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Arteriogenesis of the Spinal Cord-The Network Challenge. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020501. [PMID: 32098337 PMCID: PMC7072838 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a clinical complication following aortic repair that significantly impairs the quality and expectancy of life. Despite some strategies, like cerebrospinal fluid drainage, the occurrence of neurological symptoms, such as paraplegia and paraparesis, remains unpredictable. Beside the major blood supply through conduit arteries, a huge collateral network protects the central nervous system from ischemia—the paraspinous and the intraspinal compartment. The intraspinal arcades maintain perfusion pressure following a sudden inflow interruption, whereas the paraspinal system first needs to undergo arteriogenesis to ensure sufficient blood supply after an acute ischemic insult. The so-called steal phenomenon can even worsen the postoperative situation by causing the hypoperfusion of the spine when, shortly after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) surgery, muscles connected with the network divert blood and cause additional stress. Vessels are a conglomeration of different cell types involved in adapting to stress, like endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes. This adaption to stress is subdivided in three phases—initiation, growth, and the maturation phase. In fields of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair, pre-operative selective segmental artery occlusion may enable the development of a sufficient collateral network by stimulating collateral vessel growth, which, again, may prevent spinal cord ischemia. Among others, the major signaling pathways include the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway/the antiapoptotic kinase (AKT) pathway/the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway, the Erk1, the delta-like ligand (DII), the jagged (Jag)/NOTCH pathway, and the midkine regulatory cytokine signaling pathways.
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Lin XC, Pan M, Zhu LP, Sun Q, Zhou ZS, Li CC, Zhang GG. NFAT5 promotes arteriogenesis via MCP-1-dependent monocyte recruitment. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:2052-2063. [PMID: 31883300 PMCID: PMC6991654 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) is not only a tonicity‐responsive transcription factor but also activated by other stimuli, so we aim to investigate whether NFAT5 participates in collateral arteries formation in rats. We performed femoral artery ligature (FAL) in rats for hindlimb ischaemia model and found that NFAT5 was up‐regulated in rat adductors with FAL compared with sham group. Knockdown of NFAT5 with locally injection of adenovirus‐mediated NFAT5‐shRNA in rats significantly inhibited hindlimb blood perfusion recovery and arteriogenesis. Moreover, NFAT5 knockdown decreased macrophages infiltration and monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1) expression in rats adductors. In vitro, with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) stimulation and loss‐of‐function studies, we demonstrated that NFAT5 knockdown inhibits MCP‐1 expression in endothelial cells and chemotaxis of THP‐1 cells regulated by ERK1/2 pathway. More importantly, exogenous MCP‐1 delivery could recover hindlimb blood perfusion, promote arteriogenesis and macrophages infiltration in rats after FAL, which were depressed by NFAT5 knockdown. Besides, NFAT5 knockdown also inhibited angiogenesis in gastrocnemius muscles in rats. Our results indicate that NFAT5 is a critical regulator of arteriogenesis and angiogenesis via MCP‐1‐dependent monocyte recruitment, suggesting that NFAT5 may represent an alternative therapeutic target for ischaemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Chi Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Miao Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng-Shi Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Animal, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chuan-Chang Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-Gang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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7
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Al-Rifai R, Nguyen P, Bouland N, Terryn C, Kanagaratnam L, Poitevin G, François C, Boisson-Vidal C, Sevestre MA, Tournois C. In vivo efficacy of endothelial growth medium stimulated mesenchymal stem cells derived from patients with critical limb ischemia. J Transl Med 2019; 17:261. [PMID: 31399109 PMCID: PMC6688282 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell therapy has been proposed for patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). Autologous bone marrow derived cells (BMCs) have been mostly used, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being an alternative. The aim of this study was to characterize two types of MSCs and evaluate their efficacy. Methods MSCs were obtained from CLI-patients BMCs. Stimulated- (S-) MSCs were cultured in endothelial growth medium. Cells were characterized by the expression of cell surface markers, the relative expression of 6 genes, the secretion of 10 cytokines and the ability to form vessel-like structures. The cell proangiogenic properties was analysed in vivo, in a hindlimb ischemia model. Perfusion of lower limbs and functional tests were assessed for 28 days after cell infusion. Muscle histological analysis (neoangiogenesis, arteriogenesis and muscle repair) was performed. Results S-MSCs can be obtained from CLI-patients BMCs. They do not express endothelial specific markers but can be distinguished from MSCs by their secretome. S-MSCs have the ability to form tube-like structures and, in vivo, to induce blood flow recovery. No amputation was observed in S-MSCs treated mice. Functional tests showed improvement in treated groups with a superiority of MSCs and S-MSCs. In muscles, CD31+ and αSMA+ labelling were the highest in S-MSCs treated mice. S-MSCs induced the highest muscle repair. Conclusions S-MSCs exert angiogenic potential probably mediated by a paracrine mechanism. Their administration is associated with flow recovery, limb salvage and muscle repair. The secretome from S-MSCs or secretome-derived products may have a strong potential in vessel regeneration and muscle repair. Trial registration NCT00533104 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-2003-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Al-Rifai
- EA-3801, SFR CAP-santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Nguyen
- EA-3801, SFR CAP-santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims Cedex, France.,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Robert Debré, Reims, France
| | - Nicole Bouland
- Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Christine Terryn
- Plateforme PICT, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | | - Gaël Poitevin
- EA-3801, SFR CAP-santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims Cedex, France
| | - Caroline François
- EA-3801, SFR CAP-santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Boisson-Vidal
- Inserm UMR S1140, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Claire Tournois
- EA-3801, SFR CAP-santé, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51092, Reims Cedex, France. .,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Robert Debré, Reims, France.
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8
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Gatzke N, Güc N, Hillmeister P, Dülsner A, Le Noble F, Buschmann EE, Ingwersen M, Bramlage P, Buschmann IR. Cardiovascular drugs attenuated myocardial resistance against ischaemia-induced and reperfusion-induced injury in a rat model of repetitive occlusion. Open Heart 2019; 5:e000889. [PMID: 30613411 PMCID: PMC6307560 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated the impact of cardioprotective drugs on ST-elevation, arrhythmias and infarct size in a rat model of repetitive coronary artery occlusion. Methods Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised to two control and five treatment groups. Placebo was either implantation of a pneumatic occluder onto the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) without starting repetitive occlusion (SHAM) or subsequent RO of the LAD over 10 days without medication (ROP). Treatment groups underwent RO and additionally received nitroglycerin (NTG), metoprolol, verapamil (VER), ranolazine (RAN) or candesartan (CAN). Two weeks after the intervention, rats underwent a single, sustained LAD occlusion followed by reperfusion. To evaluate differences in cardiac resistance against myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion injury, cardiac surrogate parameters including maximal ST-elevation, arrhythmias and infarct size were assessed. Results Compared with sham, RO alone and RO plus nitroglycerin were associated with significantly lower maximal ST-elevation and percentage of infarcted myocardium (SHAM 0.12 mV, ROP 0.06 mV (p=0.004), NTG 0.05 mV (p=0.005); SHAM 16.2%, ROP 6.6% (p=0.008), NTG 5.9% (p=0.006). Compared with RO alone, RO plus RAN was accompanied by increased ST-elevation (0.13 mV, p=0.018) and RO plusVER or CAN by more infarcted myocardium (14.2%, p=0.004% and 15.5%, p=0.003, respectively). Rats treated with VER, RAN or CAN tended to severe arrhythmias more frequently than those of the control groups. Conclusions RO led to an increased myocardial resistance against ischaemia and reperfusion injury. Concomitant administration of nitroglycerin did not affect the efficacy of RO. Cardiovascular channel or receptor blockers reduced the efficacy of RO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gatzke
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadija Güc
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - André Dülsner
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Le Noble
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology & Institute for Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Eva Elina Buschmann
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maja Ingwersen
- Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Cloppenburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bramlage
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Cloppenburg, Germany
| | - Ivo R Buschmann
- Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Brandenburg/Havel, Brandenburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité University Hospital, Campus Virchow, Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR) Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Castro PR, Barbosa AS, Pereira JM, Ranfley H, Felipetto M, Gonçalves CAX, Paiva IR, Berg BB, Barcelos LS. Cellular and Molecular Heterogeneity Associated with Vessel Formation Processes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6740408. [PMID: 30406137 PMCID: PMC6199857 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6740408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The microvasculature heterogeneity is a complex subject in vascular biology. The difficulty of building a dynamic and interactive view among the microenvironments, the cellular and molecular heterogeneities, and the basic aspects of the vessel formation processes make the available knowledge largely fragmented. The neovascularisation processes, termed vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis, are important to the formation and proper functioning of organs and tissues both in the embryo and the postnatal period. These processes are intrinsically related to microvascular cells, such as endothelial and mural cells. These cells are able to adjust their activities in response to the metabolic and physiological requirements of the tissues, by displaying a broad plasticity that results in a significant cellular and molecular heterogeneity. In this review, we intend to approach the microvasculature heterogeneity in an integrated view considering the diversity of neovascularisation processes and the cellular and molecular heterogeneity that contribute to microcirculatory homeostasis. For that, we will cover their interactions in the different blood-organ barriers and discuss how they cooperate in an integrated regulatory network that is controlled by specific molecular signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollyana Ribeiro Castro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Alan Sales Barbosa
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Jousie Michel Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Hedden Ranfley
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Mariane Felipetto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Xavier Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Isabela Ribeiro Paiva
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Bárbara Betônico Berg
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
| | - Luciola Silva Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
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10
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Ornek E, Kurtul A. Relationship of mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio and coronary collateral circulation in patients with stable angina pectoris. Coron Artery Dis 2018; 28:492-497. [PMID: 28678144 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with coronary artery disease, coronary collateral circulation (CCC) develops as an adaptation to ischemia and contributes toward reduction of cardiovascular events. Recently, the mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) has emerged as a novel and readily available marker of inflammation and thrombosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between MPVLR and development of CCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 332 patients with stable angina pectoris undergoing coronary arteriography were enrolled and divided on the basis of the development of CCC into two groups: group with adequate CCC (n=243) and group with impaired CCC (n=89). Routine complete blood count parameters and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured before coronary arteriography. RESULTS Both MPVLR and hsCRP levels were higher in the impaired CCC group (P<0.001 and P=0.007, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that MPVLR was associated independently with impaired CCC [odds ratio (OR): 1.706, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.328-2.192, P<0.001]. In addition to MPVLR, hsCRP (OR: 1.144, P=0.030) and fasting blood glucose (OR: 1.007, P=0.049) were also associated independently with impaired CCC. In receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, an optimal cut-off point for MPVLR (4.47) was found to predict the presence of good CCC with a sensitivity of 75.3% and a specificity of 71.2% (P<0001). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that measurement of MPVLR may predict the development of CCC in patients with stable coronary artery disease. An increased MPVLR is associated independently with impaired CCC in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ender Ornek
- Department of Cardiology, aAnkara Numune Education and Research Hospital bAnkara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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12
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in coronary collateral formation is necessary for new therapies. Pleiotrophin is a secreted multifunctional cytokine and associated with the formation of functional cardiovascular neovascularization in a series of experimental animal models. We aimed to evaluate the serum levels of pleiotrophin in patients with chronic total coronary artery occlusion and poor or good collateral development. METHODS We included 88 consecutive patients (mean age of the entire population: 63.7±12.1 years, 68 male patients) with stable angina pectoris who underwent coronary angiography and had chronic total occlusion in at least one major coronary artery. Collateral grading was performed according to the Rentrop classification. After grading, patients were divided into poor collateral circulation (Rentrop grade 0 and 1) and good collateral circulation (Rentrop grades 2 and 3) groups. Serum pleiotrophin levels were measured using a commercial human ELISA kit. RESULTS Fifty-eight patients had good and 30 patients had poor coronary collaterals. The good collateral group had higher serum pleiotrophin levels than the poor collateral group (690.1±187.9 vs. 415.3±165.9 ng/ml, P<0.001). Pleiotrophin levels were higher with higher Rentrop grade (P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, increased pleiotrophin was associated independently with good collateral development (odds ratio: 1.007; confidence interval: 1.003-1.012; P=0.002). CONCLUSION This study showed that increased serum pleiotrophin levels are associated with better developed coronary collateral circulation. Further studies are needed to better understand the relationship.
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13
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Hakimzadeh N, Elias J, Wijntjens GWM, Theunissen R, van Weert A, Smulders MW, van den Akker N, Moerland PD, Verberne HJ, Hoebers LP, Henriques JPS, van der Laan AM, Ilhan M, Post M, Bekkers SCAM, Piek JJ. Monocytic microRNA profile associated with coronary collateral artery function in chronic total occlusion patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1532. [PMID: 28484274 PMCID: PMC5431477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An expansive collateral artery network is correlated with improved survival in case of adverse cardiac episodes. We aimed to identify cellular microRNAs (miRNA; miR) important for collateral artery growth. Chronic total occlusion (CTO) patients (n = 26) were dichotomized using pressure-derived collateral flow index (CFIp) measurements; high collateral capacity (CFIp > 0.39; n = 14) and low collateral (CFIp < 0.39; n = 12) capacity. MiRNA profiling via next generation sequencing from various monocyte phenotypes (freshly isolated monocytes, monocytes cultured without stimulant, or stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, interleukin 4, transforming growth factor beta-1, or interferon gamma) revealed significantly different miRNA expression patterns between high versus low collateral capacity patients. Validation by real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated significantly decreased expression of miR339-5p in all stimulated monocyte phenotypes of low collateral capacity patients. MiR339-5p showed significant correlation with CFIp values in stimulated monocytes. Ingenuity pathway analysis of predicted gene targets of miR339-5p and differential gene expression data from high versus low CFIp patients (n = 20), revealed significant association with STAT3 pathway, and also suggested a possible regulatory role for this signaling pathway. These results identify a novel association between miR339-5p and coronary collateral function. Future work examining modulation of miR339-5p and downstream effects on the STAT3 pathway and subsequent collateral vessel growth are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Hakimzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joëlle Elias
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gilbert W M Wijntjens
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Theunissen
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Angela van Weert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn W Smulders
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke van den Akker
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Perry D Moerland
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hein J Verberne
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Loes P Hoebers
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jose P S Henriques
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anja M van der Laan
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mustafa Ilhan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Post
- Department of Physiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan C A M Bekkers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J Piek
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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14
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Gok M, Kundi H, Kiziltunc E, Topcuoglu C, Ornek E. Endocan Levels and Coronary Collateral Circulation in Stable Angina Pectoris: A Pilot Study. Angiology 2017; 69:43-48. [PMID: 28393589 DOI: 10.1177/0003319717703835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between endocan (a marker of systemic inflammation) and the development of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) as evaluated by coronary angiography in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. A total of 90 patients (32 poor CCC and 58 good CCC) were included in this study. Endocan levels were determined using a commercially available sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit with high sensitivity and specificity for detection of human endocan. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, low endocan levels were independently associated with good CCC ( P < .001). Moreover, low high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were also independently associated with good CCC ( P = .020). We found an optimal cutoff point for endocan of 1.7 ng/mL; it predicted the presence of good CCC with a sensitivity of 72.4% and specificity of 65.6% ( P < .001). The results of the present study suggest that measurement of endocan level may help clinicians to predict the development of CCC in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gok
- 1 Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Harun Kundi
- 1 Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emrullah Kiziltunc
- 1 Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Topcuoglu
- 2 Biochemistry Department, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ender Ornek
- 1 Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Hakimzadeh N, Piek JJ. MicroRNAs to take the place of collateral flow index measurements and Rentrop scoring?-Reply to Papageorgiou et al. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2016; 4:297. [PMID: 27569223 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.07.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Hakimzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J Piek
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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SPECT and PET imaging of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in pre-clinical models of myocardial ischemia and peripheral vascular disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 43:2433-2447. [PMID: 27517840 PMCID: PMC5095166 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The extent of neovascularization determines the clinical outcome of coronary artery disease and other occlusive cardiovascular disorders. Monitoring of neovascularization is therefore highly important. This review article will elaborately discuss preclinical studies aimed at validating new nuclear angiogenesis and arteriogenesis tracers. Additionally, we will briefly address possible obstacles that should be considered when designing an arteriogenesis radiotracer. Methods A structured medline search was the base of this review, which gives an overview on different radiopharmaceuticals that have been evaluated in preclinical models. Results Neovascularization is a collective term used to indicate different processes such as angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. However, while it is assumed that sensitive detection through nuclear imaging will facilitate translation of successful therapeutic interventions in preclinical models to the bedside, we still lack specific tracers for neovascularization imaging. Most nuclear imaging research to date has focused on angiogenesis, leaving nuclear arteriogenesis imaging largely overlooked. Conclusion Although angiogenesis is the process which is best understood, there is no scarcity in theoretical targets for arteriogenesis imaging.
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van Lier MGJTB, Oost E, Spaan JAE, van Horssen P, van der Wal AC, vanBavel E, Siebes M, van den Wijngaard JPHM. Transmural distribution and connectivity of coronary collaterals within the human heart. Cardiovasc Pathol 2016; 25:405-12. [PMID: 27421093 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of collateral vessels in human hearts, a detailed analysis of their distribution within the coronary vasculature based on three-dimensional vascular reconstructions is lacking. This study aimed to classify the transmural distribution and connectivity of coronary collaterals in human hearts. One normotrophic human heart and one hypertrophied human heart with fibrosis in the inferior wall from a previous infarction were obtained. After filling the coronary arteries with fluorescent replica material, hearts were frozen and alternately cut and block-face imaged using an imaging cryomicrotome. Transmural distribution, connectivity, and diameter of collaterals were determined. Numerous collateral vessels were found (normotrophic heart: 12.3 collaterals/cm(3); hypertrophied heart: 3.7 collaterals/cm(3)), with 97% and 92%, respectively, of the collaterals located within the perfusion territories (intracoronary collaterals). In the normotrophic heart, intracoronary collaterals {median diameter [interquartile range (IQR)]: 91.4 [73.0-115.7] μm} were most prevalent (74%) within the left anterior descending (LAD) territory. Intercoronary collaterals [median diameter (IQR): 94.3 (79.9-107.4) μm] were almost exclusively (99%) found between the LAD and the left circumflex artery (LCX). In the hypertrophied heart, intracoronary collaterals [median diameter (IQR): 101.1 (84.8-126.0) μm] were located within both the LAD (48%) and LCX (46%) territory. Intercoronary collaterals [median diameter (IQR): 97.8 (89.3-111.2) μm] were most prevalent between the LAD-LCX (68%) and LAD-right coronary artery (28%). This study shows that human hearts have abundant coronary collaterals within all flow territories and layers of the heart. The majority of these collaterals are small intracoronary collaterals, which would have remained undetected by clinical imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique G J T B van Lier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elco Oost
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jos A E Spaan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pepijn van Horssen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Allard C van der Wal
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ed vanBavel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Siebes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P H M van den Wijngaard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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18
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Whiteford JR, De Rossi G, Woodfin A. Mutually Supportive Mechanisms of Inflammation and Vascular Remodeling. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 326:201-78. [PMID: 27572130 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is often accompanied by angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from existing ones. This vascular response is a response to chronic hypoxia and/or ischemia, but is also contributory to the progression of disorders including atherosclerosis, arthritis, and tumor growth. Proinflammatory and proangiogenic mediators and signaling pathways form a complex and interrelated network in these conditions, and many factors exert multiple effects. Inflammation drives angiogenesis by direct and indirect mechanisms, promoting endothelial proliferation, migration, and vessel sprouting, but also by mediating extracellular matrix remodeling and release of sequestered growth factors, and recruitment of proangiogenic leukocyte subsets. The role of inflammation in promoting angiogenesis is well documented, but by facilitating greater infiltration of leukocytes and plasma proteins into inflamed tissues, angiogenesis can also propagate chronic inflammation. This review examines the mutually supportive relationship between angiogenesis and inflammation, and considers how these interactions might be exploited to promote resolution of chronic inflammatory or angiogenic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Whiteford
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - G De Rossi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Woodfin
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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19
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Wang J, Li Q, Li SJ, Wang DZ, Chen BX. Relationship of coronary collateral circulation with eosinophils in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Clin Interv Aging 2016; 11:105-10. [PMID: 26889082 PMCID: PMC4743585 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s95363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Eosinophils (EOS) have been associated with prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease, and those who showed plenitudinous coronary collateral circulation (CCC) often have good clinical consequences. However, the relationship between EOS and CCC was seldom reported. Objective To investigate the relationship between EOS and CCC development in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Methods The study population consisted of 502 consecutive patients with UAP who underwent coronary angiography and coronary stenosis ≥80%. CCC was graded according to the Rentrop grading system of 0–3. Rentrop grades of 0 and 1 indicated low-grade CCC group, whereas grades 2 and 3 indicated high-grade CCC group. Results The EOS was significantly higher in the high-grade CCC group compared with the low-grade CCC group. In multiple logistic regression analysis, EOS (odds ratio: 1.969; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.210–3.3205; P=0.006) and neutrophil count (odds ratio: 0.757; 95% CI: 0.584–0.981; P=0.035) were predictors of high-grade CCC development. EOS of >0.12×109/L could independently predict high-grade CCC with 72.5% sensitivity and 58.4% specificity (area under the curve: 0.681; 95% CI: 0.632–0.729). Conclusion EOS were associated with high-grade CCC in patients with UAP with coronary stenosis ≥80%. Increased EOS count may play an important role in the development of CCC in patients with UAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - De-zhao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bu-xing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Hakimzadeh N, Nossent AY, van der Laan AM, Schirmer SH, de Ronde MWJ, Pinto-Sietsma SJ, van Royen N, Quax PHA, Hoefer IE, Piek JJ. Circulating MicroRNAs Characterizing Patients with Insufficient Coronary Collateral Artery Function. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137035. [PMID: 26331273 PMCID: PMC4558025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary collateral arteries function as natural bypasses in the event of coronary obstruction. The degree of collateral network development significantly impacts the outcome of patients after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) have arisen as biomarkers to identify heterogeneous patients, as well as new therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. We sought to identify miRNAs that are differentially expressed in chronic total occlusion (CTO) patients with well or poorly developed collateral arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-one CTO patients undergoing coronary angiography and invasive assessment of their coronary collateralization were dichotomized based on their collateral flow index (CFI). After miRNA profiling was conducted on aortic plasma, four miRNAs were selected for validation by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in patients with low (CFI<0.39) and high (CFI>0.39) collateral artery capacity. We confirmed significantly elevated levels of miR423-5p (p<0.05), miR10b (p<0.05), miR30d (p<0.05) and miR126 (p<0.001) in patients with insufficient collateral network development. We further demonstrated that each of these miRNAs could serve as circulating biomarkers to discriminate patients with low collateral capacity (p<0.01 for each miRNA). We also determined significantly greater expression of miR30d (p<0.05) and miR126 (p<0.001) in CTO patients relative to healthy controls. CONCLUSION The present study identifies differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with high versus low coronary collateral capacity. We have shown that these miRNAs can function as circulating biomarkers to discriminate between patients with insufficient or sufficient collateralization. This is the first study to identify miRNAs linked to coronary collateral vessel function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Hakimzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anja M. van der Laan
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan H. Schirmer
- Department of Cardiology, Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Maurice W. J. de Ronde
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara-Joan Pinto-Sietsma
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H. A. Quax
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Imo E. Hoefer
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J. Piek
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Hakimzadeh N, van Horssen P, van Lier MGJTB, van den Wijngaard JPHM, Belterman C, Coronel R, Piek JJ, Verberne HJ, Spaan JAE, Siebes M. Detection and quantification methods of monocyte homing in coronary vasculature with an imaging cryomicrotome. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 76:196-204. [PMID: 25179912 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cellular imaging modalities are important for revealing the behavior and role of monocytes in response to neovascularization progression in coronary artery disease. In this study we aimed to develop methods for high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) imaging and quantification of monocytes relative to the entire coronary artery network using a novel episcopic imaging modality. In a series of ex vivo experiments, human umbilical vein endothelial cells and CD14+ monocytes were labeled with fluorescent live cell tracker probes and infused into the coronary artery network of excised rat hearts by a Langendorff perfusion method. Coronary arteries were subsequently infused with fluorescent vascular cast material and processed with an imaging cryomicrotome, whereby each heart was consecutively cut (5 μm slice thickness) and block face imaged at appropriate excitation and emission wavelengths. The resulting image stacks yielded 3D reconstructions of the vascular network and the location of cells administered. Successful detection and quantification of single cells and cell clusters were achieved relative to the coronary network using customized particle detection software. These methods were then applied to an in vivo rabbit model of chronic myocardial ischemia in which autologous monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood, labeled with a fluorescent live cell tracker probe and re-infused into the host animal. The processed 3D image stacks revealed homing of monocytes to the ischemic myocardial tissue. Monocytes detected in the ischemic tissue were predominantly concentrated in the mid-myocardium. Vessel segmentation identified coronary collateral connections relative to monocyte localization. This study established a novel imaging platform to efficiently determine the localization of monocytes in relation to the coronary microvascular network. These techniques are invaluable for investigating the role of monocyte populations in the progression of coronary neovascularization in animal models of chronic and sub-acute myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Hakimzadeh
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pepijn van Horssen
- Dept. of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique G J T B van Lier
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Charly Belterman
- Dept. of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Coronel
- Dept. of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan J Piek
- Dept. of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hein J Verberne
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos A E Spaan
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Siebes
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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