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Juyal VK, Thakuri SC, Panwar M, Rashmi, Prakash O, Perveen K, Bukhari NA, Nand V. Manganese(II) and Zinc(II) metal complexes of novel bidentate formamide-based Schiff base ligand: synthesis, structural characterization, antioxidant, antibacterial, and in-silico molecular docking study. Front Chem 2024; 12:1414646. [PMID: 39100916 PMCID: PMC11294232 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1414646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A new bidentate Schiff base ligand (C16H16Cl2N4), condensation product of ethylene diamine and 4-chloro N-phenyl formamide, and its metal complexes [M(C16H16Cl2N4)2(OAc)2] (where M = Mn(II) and Zn(II)) were synthesized and characterized using various analytical and spectral techniques, including high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, AAS, molar conductance, 1H NMR, and powder XRD. All the compounds were non-electrolytes and nanocrystalline. The synthesized compounds were assessed for antioxidant potential by DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP assay, with BHT serving as the positive control. Inhibitory concentration at 50% inhibition (IC50) values were calculated and used for comparative analysis. Furthermore, the prepared compounds were screened for antibacterial activity against two Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi) using disk-diffusion methods, with amikacin employed as the standard reference. The comparison of inhibition zones revealed that the complexes showed better antibacterial activity than the ligand. To gain insights into the molecular interactions underlying the antibacterial activity, the ligand and complexes were analyzed for their binding affinity with S. aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (PDB ID: 1JIL) and S. typhi cell membrane protein OmpF complex (PDB ID: 4KR4). These analyses revealed robust interactions, validating the observed antibacterial effects against the tested bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Juyal
- Department of Chemistry, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Shweta Chand Thakuri
- Department of Chemistry, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Mohit Panwar
- Department of Chemistry, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Rashmi
- Department of Chemistry, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Ministry of Ayush, Gwalior, India
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat A. Bukhari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Viveka Nand
- Department of Chemistry, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
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2
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Forooghi K, Amiri Rudbari H, Stagno C, Iraci N, Cuevas-Vicario JV, Kordestani N, Schirmeister T, Efferth T, Omer EA, Moini N, Aryaeifar M, Blacque O, Azadbakht R, Micale N. Structural features and antiproliferative activity of Pd(II) complexes with halogenated ligands: a comparative study between Schiff base and reduced Schiff base complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10571-10591. [PMID: 38855858 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00132j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
In order to investigate the structural features and antiproliferative activity of Pd(II) complexes containing halogenated ligands with different flexibility, several Schiff base and reduced Schiff base Pd(II) complexes, namely X1X2PicPd, X1X2PyPd, X1X2Pic(R)Pd, and X1X2Py(R)Pd (where X1 = X2 = Cl, Br and I; Pic: 2-picolylamine; Py = 2-(2-pyridyl)ethylamine), were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and, in the case of Br2PyPd, Cl2Py(R)Pd and ClBrPy(R)Pd, also by X-ray crystallography. The results of the X-ray crystallography showed that in both series of complexes the Pd(II) ion has a distorted square-planar geometry, although the coordination modes of the two ligands are different. In the Schiff base-type complexes the ligand acts as a tridentate chelate with NN'O donor atoms, whereas in the reduced Schiff base-type complexes the ligand acts as a bidentate chelate with NN' donor atoms. In both series of complexes, the chloride ions occupy the residual coordination sites of the Pd(II) ion. TD-DFT calculations were performed for a better understanding of the UV-Vis spectra. From these calculations it was found that the signal appearing at ∼400 nm in the complexes with reduced Schiff base ligands (X1X2Pic(R)Pd and X1X2Py(R)Pd) is mainly due to a HOMO → LUMO transition, while for the Schiff base complex ClBrPyPd the signal is due to a HOMO → LUMO+1 transition. For the complex I2PicPd, combinations of HOMO-4 → LUMO and HOMO-2 → LUMO transitions were found to be responsible for that signal. In regard to the biological activity profile, all complexes were first investigated as proteasome inhibitors by fluorometric methods. From these enzymatic assays, it emerged that they are good inhibitors with IC50 values in the low-micromolar range and that their inhibitory activity is strictly related to the presence of the metal ion. Subsequently they were also subjected to cell-based assays (the resazurin method) to assess their antiproliferative properties by using two leukemic cell lines, namely the drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM cell line and its multidrug-resistant sub-cell line CEM/ADR5000. In this test they displayed IC50 values in the sub-micromolar and low-micromolar range determined for a selected metal complex (Br2Pic(R)Pd) and ligand (Cl2Pic(R)), respectively. Moreover, docking studies were performed on the two expected molecular targets, i.e. proteasome and DNA, to shed light on the mechanisms of action of these types of Pd(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Forooghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Claudio Stagno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Nunzio Iraci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - José V Cuevas-Vicario
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Nazanin Kordestani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ejlal A Omer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nakisa Moini
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Aryaeifar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reza Azadbakht
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
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3
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Zhao X, Shao X, Huang X, Dang C, Wang R, Li H. The H2Valdien derivatives regulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatoma carcinoma cells through the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20240954. [PMID: 38911252 PMCID: PMC11193360 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This research delves into the influence of H2Valdien derivatives on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis induction in hepatoma carcinoma cells (HepG2, Huh-7, and SMMC-7721), with a specific emphasis on inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through modulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Utilizing the cell counting kit-8 method, flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, wound healing, and transwell assays, we observed a dose-dependent growth arrest and apoptosis induction in HepG2, Huh-7, and SMMC-7721 cells. Notably, H2Valdien derivatives exhibited a capacity to reduce migration and invasion, impacting the expression of EMT-associated proteins such as N-cadherin, vimentin, and E-cadherin. Mechanistically, these derivatives demonstrated the inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway by inactivating Sonic Hh (Shh) and smoothened proteins. This study underscores the robust antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of H2Valdien derivatives on hepatoma carcinoma cells and elucidates their regulatory role in EMT through modulation of the Hh signaling pathway, providing valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangxiang Shao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Huang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Dang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongling Li
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, 730000, Lanzhou, China
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Cui J, Wang Y, Liang X, Zhao J, Ji Y, Tan W, Dong F, Guo Z. Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity and molecular docking of novel chitosan derivatives containing glycine Schiff bases as potential succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131407. [PMID: 38582463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an important inner mitochondrial membrane-bound enzyme involved in redox reactions during the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Therefore, a series of novel chitosan derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential microbicides targeting SDH and precisely characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and SEM. Their antifungal and antibacterial activities were evaluated against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium graminearum, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The bioassays revealed that these chitosan derivatives exerted significant antifungal effects, with four of the compounds achieving 100 % inhibition of Fusarium graminearum merely at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Additionally, CSGDCH showed 79.34 % inhibition of Botrytis cinerea at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL. In vitro antibacterial tests revealed that CSGDCH and CSGDBH have excellent Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli inhibition with MICs of 0.0156 mg/mL and 0.03125 mg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking studies have been carried out to explore the binding energy and binding mode of chitosan and chitosan derivatives with SDH. The analyses indicated that chitosan derivatives targeted the active site of the SDH protein more precisely, disrupting its normal function and ultimately repressing the growth of microbial cells. Furthermore, the chitosan derivatives were also evaluated biologically for antioxidation, and all of these compounds had a greater degree of reducing power, superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical and DPPH-radical scavenging activity than chitosan. This research has the potential for the development of agricultural antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaorui Liang
- School of Basic Sciences for Aviation Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Jinyu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yuting Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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5
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Podolski-Renić A, Čipak Gašparović A, Valente A, López Ó, Bormio Nunes JH, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Filipović NR. Schiff bases and their metal complexes to target and overcome (multidrug) resistance in cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116363. [PMID: 38593587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. In this respect, Schiff base-related compounds (bearing a R1R2CNR3 bond) gained high interest during the past decades. Schiff bases are considered privileged ligands for various reasons, including the easiness of their preparation and the possibility to form complexes with almost all transition metal ions. Schiff bases and their metal complexes exhibit many types of biological activities and are used for the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. Until now, 13 Schiff bases have been investigated in clinical trials for cancer treatment and hypoxia imaging. This review represents the first collection of Schiff bases and their complexes which demonstrated MDR-reversal activity. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Modulation of ABC transporter function, 2) Targeting lysosomal ABCB1 overexpression, 3) Circumvention of ABC transporter-mediated drug efflux by alternative routes of drug uptake, 4) Selective activity against MDR cancer models (collateral sensitivity), 5) Targeting GSH-detoxifying systems, 6) Overcoming apoptosis resistance by inducing necrosis and paraptosis, 7) Reactivation of mutated p53, 8) Restoration of sensitivity to DNA-damaging anticancer therapy, and 9) Overcoming drug resistance through modulation of the immune system. Through this approach, we would like to draw attention to Schiff bases and their metal complexes representing highly interesting anticancer drug candidates with the ability to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julia H Bormio Nunes
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Nenad R Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Sedighi RE, Behzad M, Azizi N. Metallosalen modified carbon nitride a versatile and reusable catalyst for environmentally friendly aldehyde oxidation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8498. [PMID: 38605107 PMCID: PMC11009278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of environmentally friendly catalysts for organic transformations is of great importance in the field of green chemistry. Aldehyde oxidation reactions play a crucial role in various industrial processes, including the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. This paper presents the synthesis and evaluation of a new metallosalen carbon nitride catalyst named Co(salen)@g-C3N4. The catalyst was prepared by doping salicylaldehyde onto carbon nitride, and subsequently, incorporating cobalt through Schiff base chemistry. The Co(salen)@g-C3N4 catalyst was characterized using various spectroscopic techniques including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Furthermore, after modification with salicylaldehyde, the carbon nitride component of the catalyst exhibited remarkable yields (74-98%) in oxidizing various aldehyde derivatives (20 examples) to benzoic acid. This oxidation reaction was carried out under mild conditions and resulted in short reaction times (120-300 min). Importantly, the catalyst demonstrated recyclability, as it could be reused for five consecutive runs without any loss of activity. The reusable nature of the catalyst, coupled with its excellent yields in oxidation reactions, makes it a promising and sustainable option for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahdi Behzad
- Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Najmedin Azizi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, P.O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Sahoo CR, Paidesetty SK, Dehury B, Padhy RN. Computational study on Schiff base derived salicylaldehyde and furfuraldehyde derivatives as potent anti-tubercular agents: prospect to dihydropteroate synthase inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2539-2549. [PMID: 37254312 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2217918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, bacterial multidrug resistance has become a commonplace problem in clinics due to several intrinsic factors mediated through resistance to antibacterials obtained via bacterial consortia and extrinsic factors, such as non-uniform antibacterial policy and migration of resistant bacteria through human and other routes. The development of newer, effective anti-mycobacterial candidate(s) is coveted by clinics. Hybrid molecules would be comparatively more emulating against invasive bacterial strains; nevertheless, newer antibiotics are continually added. Herein, designing and developments of two series of Schiff-based salicylaldehyde S1-S7 and furfuraldehyde F1-F7 molecules individually bearing sulfonamide group are described; and those were synthesized and their structures by spectral characterization were confirmed. Concomitantly, molecule dynamic simulations of all atoms had been performed to fathom the mechanism of the action with these leading complexes. These data imply that the synthesized Schiff-based salicylaldehyde hybrids would be promising anti-tubercular compounds, which further need potent pharmacological evaluations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Paidesetty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Budheswar Dehury
- Bioinformatics Division, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rabindra Nath Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Khokhar FM, Jahangir TM, Khuhawar MY, Khaskheli MI, Khokhar LA, Abro MI, Khaskheli MA, Muqaddisa P. Analysis of platinum-based anticancer injections cisplatin and carboplatin in blood serum and urine of cancer patients by photometry, fluorometry, liquid chromatography using a Schiff-base as derivatizing reagent. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115808. [PMID: 37939547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Photometric, fluorometric and liquid chromatographic methods were proposed to analyze Pt(II) from cis-platin and carbo-platin injections after derivatization with reagent 2-oxo-propanoic acid N-phenylhydrazonecarbothioamide. The reagent reacted with metals Au(III), Ag(I), Mn(II), Pt(II), Mo(VI), V(V/IV) to develop their characteristic colors in the pH range 3-12 and were extracted in organic solvent trichloromethane. The photoluminescent behavior of ligand and its metal complexes was investigated to correlate the emission pattern. Liquid chromatographic method was also proposed to analyze cis-platin and carbo-platin anti-cancer drugs based on the pre-column derivatizing platinum(II) with ligand. The complex of platinum was separated and eluted from HPLC column Microsorb C-18, (150 cm x 4.6 mm i.d, 5 µm) comprising eluents - tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (1 mM)-sodium acetate (1 mM)-acetonitrile-water-methanol (02:02:06:22:68 v/v/v/v/v). Metals Au(III), Ag(I), Mn(II), V(IV/V), Mo(VI) were also separated completely. The linear calibration range 0.5-2.5 µg/mL was observed following Beer's law with detection limit of 150.00 ng/mL Pt(II). The determination of cis-platin and carbo-platin injections by photometric, fluorometric and chromatographic methods showed RSD (n = 3) 1.14-3.12, 0.98-2.84, 0.92-2.72% respectively. The developed methods were employed to analyze cis-platin in samples of serum and urine of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and platinum amounts were observed within 45.0-86.0, 49.0-91.0, 42.0-84.0 ng/mL and 82.0-398, 81.0-389, 74.0-391 ng/mL with relative standard deviation (RSD) (n = 4) of 2.28-3.88, 2.40-3.82, 2.52-3.82% and 2.52-3.91, 2.44-3.94, 1.98-3.24% by liquid chromatographic, fluorometric and photometric techniques respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Muhammad Khokhar
- Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Zip Code: 71500, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
| | - Taj Muhammad Jahangir
- Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Zip Code: 71500, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar Khuhawar
- Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Zip Code: 71500, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal Khaskheli
- Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Zip Code: 71500, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Laeeq Ahmed Khokhar
- Institute of Advanced Research Studies in Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Zip Code: 71500, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ilyas Abro
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Pirh Muqaddisa
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
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9
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Hussain S, Hussain S, Zafar MN, Hussain I, Khan F, Mughal EU, Tahir MN. Preliminary anticancer evaluation of new Pd(II) complexes bearing NNO donor ligands. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101915. [PMID: 38178853 PMCID: PMC10764271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study we presented a novel series of NNO tridentate ligands generating imino, amido and oxo donor pocket for Pd(II) coordination. All the compounds were meticulously characterized by elemental analysis and advanced spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, proton and carbon NMR. The synthesized compounds underwent rigorous evaluation for their potential as anti-cancer agents, utilizing the aggressive breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB (ATCC) and MCF-7 as a crucial model for assessing growth inhibition in cancer cells. Remarkably, the MTT assay unveiled the robust anti-cancer activity for all palladium complexes against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Particularly, complex [Pd(L1)(CH3CN)] exhibited exceptional potency with an IC50 value of 25.50 ± 0.30 µM (MDA-MB-231) and 20.76 ± 0.30 µM (MCF-7), compared to respective 27.00 ± 0.80 µM and 24.10 ± 0.80 µM for cisplatin, underscoring its promising therapeutic potential. Furthermore, to elucidate the mechanistic basis for the anti-cancer effects, molecular docking studies on tyrosine kinases, an integral target in cancer research, were carried out. The outcome of these investigations further substantiated the remarkable anticancer properties inherent to these innovative compounds. This research offers a compelling perspective on the development of potent anti-cancer agents rooted in the synergy between ligands and Pd(II) complexes and presenting a promising avenue for future cancer therapy endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shabeeb Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - M. Naveed Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Hussain
- Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Aga Khan 74800, University Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faizullah Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman and Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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10
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Sakshi S, Dey S, Chowdhury S, Ray S. Characterization of a Zeolite-Y-Encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen Complex with Targeted Anticancer Property. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55518-55532. [PMID: 38010148 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Resistance and severe side effects of classical chemotherapeutic drugs are major challenges to cancer therapy. New therapeutic agents and combination therapy are considered potential solutions that enhance the efficacy of the drug as well as reduce drug resistance. The success of a platinum-based anticancer drug, cisplatin, has paved the way to explore metal-centered anticancer therapeutic agents. Herein, the zeolite-Y-encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex is synthesized using a flexible ligand approach. The Zn(II)Salmphen complex and its encapsulation within the supercage of zeolite-Y were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-vis, fluorescence, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) techniques. Elemental analysis, PXRD, and SEM, all together confirm the integrity of the zeolite framework after the encapsulation of Zn(II)Salmphen complex in it, and elemental analysis provides the Si/Al ratio and Zn content present. FTIR and XPS studies indicate the successful encapsulation of the complex. NMR and HRMS studies confirm that the Zn(II)Salmphen complex is dimer; however, within the supercage of zeolite-Y, it is expected to exist as a monomer. The extent of structural modification of the encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex is intimated by electronic spectroscopic studies. The free-state Zn(II)Salmphen is a fluorescent complex, and even the encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex, when taken in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), shows fluorescence. In comparison to cisplatin, encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex displays comparable cytotoxicity (IC50 = 2.0 ± 0.5 μg/mL at 48 h) toward breast cancer cell line, whereas free Zn(II)Salmphen has better cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.5 μg/mL at 48 h). Importantly, elemental analysis has revealed that the IC50 value, if calculated only in terms of Zn(II)Salmphen within Zn(II)Salmphen-Y, is as low as 54.59 ng/mL, indicating a very high efficacy of the drug. Interestingly, a 48 h treatment with the encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex shows no toxicity toward immortal noncancerous keratinocyte cells (HaCaT), whereas cisplatin has an IC50 value of 1.75 ± 0.5 μg/mL. Internalization studies indicate that zeolite-Y targets cancer cells better than it does noncancerous ones. Hence, cellular uptake of the zeolite-encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex in cancer cells is more than that in HaCaT cells, resulting in the generation of more reactive oxygen species and cell death. Significant upregulation of DNA damage response protein indicates that DNA-damage-induced cellular apoptosis could be the mechanism of drug action. Overall, the zeolite-encapsulated Zn(II)Salmphen complex could be a better alternative to the traditional drug cisplatin with minimal effect on noncancerous HaCaT cells and can also be utilized as a fluorescent probe in exploring the mechanistic pathway of its activity against cancer cells.
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Gómez E, Galván-Hidalgo JM, Pérez-Cuéllar G, Huerta-Landa KA, González-Hernández A, Gómez-García O, Andrade-Pavón D, Ramírez-Apan T, Rodríguez Hernández KD, Hernández S, Cano-Sánchez P, Gómez-Velasco H. New Organotin (IV) Compounds Derived from Dehydroacetic Acid and Thiosemicarbazides: Synthesis, Rational Design, Cytotoxic Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Simulation. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:7901843. [PMID: 37920233 PMCID: PMC10620030 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7901843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Organotin complexes were prepared through a one-pot reaction with three components by reacting thiosemicarbazide or 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide or 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide, dehydroacetic acid (DHA) and dibutyl, diphenyl, dicyclohexyl, and bis[(trimethylsilyl)methyl]tin(IV) oxides; all complexes were characterized by infrared (IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The 119Sn NMR revealed chemical shifts corresponding to a pentacoordinated environment in solution. The X-ray crystallography of the two complexes evidenced the formation of monomeric complexes with a pentacoordinated geometry around tin via three donor atoms from the ligand, the sulfur of the thiol, the nitrogen of the imine group, and the oxygen of the pyran ring. The geometries of the five-coordinated complexes 3a (Bu2SnL3), 3c (Ph2SnL3), and 3d (Cy2SnL3) acid were intermediate between square pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal, and complex 1a (Bu2SnL1) adopted a bipyramidal trigonal geometry (BPT). The sulforhodamine B assay assessed the cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) complexes against the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 (human mammary adenocarcinoma) cell lines and one normal COS-7 (African green monkey kidney fibroblast). The IC50 values evidenced a significant antiproliferative effect on cancer cells; the complexes were more potent than the positive cisplatin control and the corresponding ligands, dehydroacetic acid thiosemicarbazone (L1), dehydroacetic acid-N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone (L2), and dehydroacetic acid-N(4)-phenylthiosemicarbazone (L3). The IC50 values also indicated that the organotin(IV) complexes were more cytotoxic against the triple-negative breast cell line MDA-MB-231 than MCF-7, inducing significant morphological alterations. The interactions of organotin(IV) 1c (Ph2SnL1), 1d (Cy2SnL1), and 1e (((CH3)3SiCH2)2SnL1) were evaluated with ss-DNA by fluorescence; intensity changes of the fluorescence were indicative of the displacement of ethidium bromide (EB), confirming the interaction of the organotin(IV) complexes with ss-DNA; the results showed a DNA binding affinity. The thermodynamic parameters obtained through isothermal titration calorimetry showed that the interaction of 1c (Ph2SnL1), with ss-ADN, was exothermic. Molecular docking studies also demonstrated that the organotin(IV) complexes were intercalated in DNA by conventional hydrogen bonds, carbon-hydrogen bonds, and π-alkyl interactions. These complexes furthermore showed a greater affinity towards DNA than cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Gómez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Miguel Galván-Hidalgo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Pérez-Cuéllar
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Karoline Alondra Huerta-Landa
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo González-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Omar Gómez-García
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Dulce Andrade-Pavón
- Departamento Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Colonia Santo Tomás 11340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Colonia Nueva Industrial Vallejo 07738, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Karla Daniela Rodríguez Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Simón Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Patricia Cano-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Homero Gómez-Velasco
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Eslami Moghadam M, Hasanzadeh Esfahani M, Behzad M, Zolghadri S, Ramezani N, Azadi Y. New platinum (II) complexes based on schiff bases: synthesis, specification, X-ray structure, ADMET, DFT, molecular docking, and anticancer activity against breast cancer. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023:10.1007/s00775-023-02005-1. [PMID: 37452868 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Acylpyrazolone-based Schiff base ligands (HLn) and their corresponding Pt(II) complexes with the general formula [Pt(Ln)(Cl)] (n = 1-3) were synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques including 1H-NMR, 195Pt-NMR, LC-Mass, FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as elemental analysis. The crystal structure of one of the Schiff base ligands was also obtained. Based on the ADMET comparative results and the bioavailability radar charts, the complexes are completely drug-like. The Schiff base complexes with a structural difference of one methyl group in ligand were used as anticancer agents against human breast cancer cell lines SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231. The IC50 values after treatment by [Pt(L1)Cl] and [Pt(L2)Cl] were obtained more than cisplatin and less than carboplatin on cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3, while the IC50 value of [Pt(L3)Cl] was more than both other complexes and clinical Pt drugs. Molecular docking data showed that the groove binding is the main interaction with DNA double strands with a minor contribution from electrostatic interactions. To investigate the structure-activity relationship, DFT computational was done. All quantum chemical parameters display the drug approaching biomacromolecule and more biological activity of [Pt(L1)Cl] > [Pt(L2)Cl] > [Pt(L3)Cl]. So, three Schiff base platinum complexes can be suitable candidates as anticancer drugs. Schiff-base ligands (HLn) and their Pt(II) complexes ([Pt(Ln)(Cl)], n=1-3) were obtained. To investigate their biological property and main interactions with DNA, ADMET, and cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3, DFT, and Molecular docking were done.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahdi Behzad
- Department of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - Yasaman Azadi
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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Sarı C, Değirmencioğlu İ, Eyüpoğlu FC. Synthesis and characterization of novel Schiff base-silicon (IV) phthalocyanine complex for photodynamic therapy of breast cancer cell lines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103504. [PMID: 36907257 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy is an alternative anticancer treatment approach that promises high therapeutic efficacy. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the PDT-mediated anticancer effects of newly synthesized silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) molecules on MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, and non-tumorigenic MCF-10A breast cell line. METHODS Novel bromo substituted Schiff base (3a), its nitro homolog (3b), and their silicon complexes (SiPc-5a and SiPc-5b) were synthesized. Their proposed structures were confirmed by FT-IR, NMR, UV-vis and MS instrumental techniques. MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells were illuminated at a light wavelength of 680 nm for 10 min, giving a total irradiation dose of 10 j/cm2. MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effects of SiPc-5a and SiPc-5b. Apoptotic cell death was analyzed using flow cytometry. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by TMRE staining. Intracellular ROS generation was observed microscopically using H2DCFDA dye. Colony formation assay and in vitro scratch assay were performed to analyze the clonogenic activity and cell motility. Transwell migration and matrigel invasion analyzes were conducted to observe changes in the migration and invasion status of the cells. RESULTS The combination of SiPc-5a and SiPc-5b with PDT exhibited cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and triggered cell death. SiPc-5a/PDT and SiPc-5b/PDT decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased intracellular ROS production. Statistically significant changes were detected in cancer cells' colony-forming ability and motility. SiPc-5a/PDT and SiPc-5b/PDT reduced cancer cells' migration and invasion capacities. CONCLUSION The present study identifies PDT-mediated antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-migratory characteristics of novel SiPc molecules. The outcomes of this study emphasize the anticancer properties of these molecules and suggest that they may be evaluated as drug-candidate molecules for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Sarı
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - İsmail Değirmencioğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Figen Celep Eyüpoğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
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Tafazzoli A, Keypour H, Farida SHM, Ahmadvand Z, Gable RW. Synthesis, biological activities and theoretical studies of a new macroacyclic Schiff base ligand and its related Co (II), Ni (II), and Cu (II) complexes; the X-ray crystal structure of the Co(II) complex. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chen M, Chen X, Huang G, Jiang Y, Gou Y, Deng J. Synthesis, anti-tumour activity, and mechanism of benzoyl hydrazine Schiff base-copper complexes. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Synthesis, structural investigations, XRD, DFT, anticancer and molecular docking study of a series of thiazole based Schiff base metal complexes. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Alfonso‐Herrera LA, Rosete‐Luna S, Hernández‐Romero D, Rivera‐Villanueva JM, Olivares‐Romero JL, Cruz‐Navarro JA, Soto‐Contreras A, Arenaza‐Corona A, Morales‐Morales D, Colorado‐Peralta R. Transition Metal Complexes with Tridentate Schiff Bases (O N O and O N N) Derived from Salicylaldehyde: An Analysis of Their Potential Anticancer Activity. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200367. [PMID: 36068174 PMCID: PMC9826236 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Although it is known that the first case of cancer was recorded in ancient Egypt around 1600 BC, it was not until 1917 during the First World War and the development of mustard gas that chemotherapy against cancer became relevant; however, its properties were not recognised until 1946 to later be used in patients. In this sense, the use of metallopharmaceuticals in cancer therapy was extensively explored until the 1960s with the discovery of cisplatin and its anticancer activity. From that date to the present, the search for more effective, more selective metallodrugs with fewer side effects has been an area of continuous exploration. Efforts have led to considering a wide variety of metals from the periodic table, mainly from the d-block, as well as a wide variety of organic ligands, preferably with proven biological activity. In this sense, various research groups have found an ideal binder in Schiff bases, since their raw materials are easily accessible, their synthesis conditions are friendly and their denticity can be manipulated. Therefore, in this review, we have explored the anticancer and antitumor activity reported in the literature for coordination complexes of d-block metals coordinated with tridentate Schiff bases (O N O and O N N) derived from salicylaldehyde. For this work, we have used the main scientific databases CCDC® and SciFinder®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Alfonso‐Herrera
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Facultad de Ingeniería Civil Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria64455San Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo LeónMéxico
| | - Sharon Rosete‐Luna
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
| | - Delia Hernández‐Romero
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
| | - José M. Rivera‐Villanueva
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
| | - José L. Olivares‐Romero
- Instituto de Ecología A.C. Red de Estudios Moleculares AvanzadosClúster Científico y Tecnológico BioMimic® Carretera Antigua a Coatepec, No. 35191070Xalapa, VeracruzMéxico
| | - J. Antonio Cruz‐Navarro
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoÁrea Académica de Química Km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo42184, Mineral de la ReformaHidalgoMéxico
| | - Anell Soto‐Contreras
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
- Universidad VeracruzanaFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Km 177 Camino Peñuela-Amatlán S/N94500, Peñuela, Amatlán de los ReyesVeracruzMéxico
| | - Antonino Arenaza‐Corona
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Química, Circuito Exterior S/N04510Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - David Morales‐Morales
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Química, Circuito Exterior S/N04510Ciudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Raúl Colorado‐Peralta
- Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasProlongación de Oriente 6, No. 100994340, OrizabaVeracruzMéxico
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Ionic Dioxidovanadium(V) Complexes with Schiff-Base Ligands as Potential Insulin-Mimetic Agents-Substituent Effect on Structure and Stability. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27206942. [PMID: 36296535 PMCID: PMC9607307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Four dioxidovanadium(V) complexes with Schiff-base ligands based on 2-hydroxybenzhydrazide with four different substituted salicylaldehydes (5-chlorosalicylaldehyde, 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde, 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde, 3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylaldehyde) were synthesized and described, by using V2O5 and triethylamine. The single crystal X-ray structure measurements as well as elemental analyses and IR spectra confirmed the formulas of the ionic complexes with a protonated triethylamine acting as counterion, HTEA[VO2(L)] (HL = Schiff-base ligand). The kinetic stability of the complexes at pH = 2 and 7 was discussed with respect to the neutral vanadium(V) complexes previously studied as potential insulin-mimetic agents. A correlation between the substituents in an aromatic ring of the Schiff-base ligands with crystal packing, and also with the stability of the compounds, was presented.
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Zhou F, Gao F, Chang Q, Yang X, Liang L. Three metal complexes with a pyridyl Schiff base: cytotoxicity, migration and mechanism of apoptosis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14993-15004. [PMID: 36111968 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02413f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three metal complexes [CuL(NO3)]n (1), [Cd(HL)(NO3)2]n (2) and [EuL(HCOOH)(H2O)(NO3)2] (3) were synthesized with a pyridyl Schiff ligand L (N'-[(1E)-pyridin-2-ylmethylidene]pyridine-4-carbohydrazide). A crystallographic study revealed that complexes 1 and 2 have a chain structure, and complex 3 is a zero-dimensional monomer. In vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that complex 2 had the best antiproliferative activity against SMMC-7721 cells and complex 3 had the best antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells with single-digit IC50 values, both exceeding those of the control drug cisplatin by far. The cell invasion and migration ability through the transwell assay and wound-healing assay showed that the selected complexes could inhibit the invasion and migration of cancer cells. The Hoechst staining assay and ROS generation assay with SMMC-7721 cells indicated that the cytotoxic effects of complex 2 involved apoptosis induction through ROS accumulation. The apoptosis-inducing and cell cycle arrest effects of complex 2 on SMMC-7721 cells indicated that the antitumor effect was achieved through apoptosis induction and inhibition of DNA synthesis by blocking the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, complex 2 showed significant inhibition against B. dysentery with an inhibition circle diameter of 24 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Fangxin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Qinghua Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Xianfeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
| | - Lili Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemical Pharmaceutical, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, P. R. China.
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Dasgupta S, Kar K, Barua A, Ghosh D, Kabi B, Dewan K, Chandra A. A significantly non-toxic novel Cobalt(III) Schiff base complex induces apoptosis via G2-M cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Life Sci 2022; 308:120963. [PMID: 36113731 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metal complexes have ignited considerable interest in the field of chemotherapy after the serendipitous discovery of cisplatin but the severe toxicity of these platinum-based drugs compelled researchers to search for newer, more effective lesser toxic anticancer drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Structural analysis is done by different physicochemical techniques including X-ray single crystallography. Toxicity study has been done in normal Swiss albino mice. MTT assay assessed cell viability. Apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and cell proliferation were assessed by FACS using Annexin V-PI, PI, and CFSE staining respectively. Western blot quantifies protein expression. While cell migration was studied by wound healing assay. KEY FINDINGS One-pot synthesis of a novel mononuclear cobalt(III)-Schiff base complex (1) (>99 % purity) and its complete characterization have been done. Cell viability assay showed that 1 (IC50 = 16.81 ± 1.33 μM) exhibits cytotoxicity at much lower concentration in comparison to oxaliplatin (IC50 = 31.4 ± 0.69 μM) against MCF-7 cells for 24 h of therapy without being overly toxic to human PBMCs (IC50 ≥ 60 μM). Additional in vitro studies demonstrated that 1 induces apoptosis via G2-M cell cycle arrest and reduces cell proliferation as well as cell migration in MCF-7 cells. In vivo subacute toxicity (28 days) and systemic chronic toxicity (40 days) studies were carried out in normal Swiss albino mice showed 1 is significantly nontoxic to the host. SIGNIFICANCE The readily synthesizable, significantly nontoxic cobalt complex with appreciable anticancer activity implies that it might be an effective chemotherapeutic agent for new-age anti-tumor medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Dasgupta
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Kanisha Kar
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Atish Barua
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, United States of America
| | - Diya Ghosh
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Bikash Kabi
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Koushik Dewan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, 108 CR Avenue, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Arpita Chandra
- Department of In Vitro Carcinogenesis and Cellular Chemotherapy, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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Bhardwaj V, Patel DA, Majeed SA, Hameed ASS, Aatif A M, Sk AK, Sahoo SK. Probing biothiols using a red-emitting pyridoxal derivative by adopting copper(II) displacement approach and cell imaging. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200425. [PMID: 35959557 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active Schiff base L was synthesized by condensing pyridoxal and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde with p -phenylenediamine in two simple steps in ethanol. The colorimetric, UV-Vis and fluorescence studies of L revealed that the weak yellow emissive L (λ em =540 nm, λ ex = 450 nm) in pure DMSO turned to a red-emissive L upon increasing the poor solvent fraction (HEPES buffer, 10 mM, pH 7.4) above 50% in DMSO. The DLS and SEM analysis supported the formation of self-aggregates of L that restricted the intramolecular motion and activated the ESIPT. The cations sensing ability of the AIEgen L was explored in HEPES buffer (5% DMSO, 10 mM, pH 7.4), where Cu 2+ selectively quenched the fluorescence at 608 nm due to the chelation-enhanced fluorescence quenching (CHEQ) effect with an estimated sensitivity limit of 0.9 µM. Subsequently, the in situ formed AIEgen L-Cu 2+ complex was applied for the cascade detection of cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH). The decomplexation of Cu 2+ from the AIEgen L-Cu 2+ upon addition of Cys, Hcy and GSH restored the quenched fluorescence emission of AIEgen L at 608 nm. With this Cu 2+ displacement approach, the concentration of Cys, Hcy and GSH can be detected down to 2.8 µM, 3.12 µM and 2.0 µM, respectively. The practical utility of AIEgen L and AIEgen L-Cu 2+ was validated by quantifying the selective analytes in various environmental and biological samples, and also applied successfully for the cell imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Bhardwaj
- SVNIT Surat: Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Ichchhanath, Surat, INDIA
| | - Dhvani A Patel
- SVNIT Surat: Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Ichchhanath, 395007, Surat, INDIA
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- C. Abdul Hakeem college, Department of Zoology and Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, INDIA
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- C. Abdul Hakeem College, Department of Zoology and Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, INDIA
| | - Mujthaba Aatif A
- VIT University, Department of Chemistry, School of Advance Sciences, Vellore, INDIA
| | - Ashok Kumar Sk
- VIT University, Department of Chemistry, School of Advance Sciences, Vellore, INDIA
| | - Suban K Sahoo
- SV National Institute of Technology, Applied Chemistry, Ichchhanath, 395007, Surat, INDIA
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22
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Begum F, Rehman NU, Khan A, Iqbal S, Paracha RZ, Uddin J, Al-Harrasi A, Lodhi MA. 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole clubbed hydrazone for Alzheimer’s therapy: In vitro, kinetic, in silico, and in vivo potentials. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:946134. [PMID: 36059999 PMCID: PMC9428891 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.946134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia that affects the affected person’s thinking, memory, and behavior. It is a multifactorial disease, developed by the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine via acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The present study was designed to evaluate potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase that could be used as a therapeutic agent against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For this course, synthetic compounds of the Schiff bases class of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole hydrazone derivatives (9–14) were determined to be potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with IC50 values varying between 37.64 ± 0.2 and 74.76 ± 0.3 μM. The kinetic studies showed that these are non-competitive inhibitors of AChE. Molecular docking studies revealed that all compounds accommodate well in the active site and are stabilized by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of selected potent inhibitors confirm their stability in the active site of the enzyme. Moreover, all compounds showed antispasmodic and Ca2+ antagonistic activities. Among the selected compounds of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole hydrazone derivatives, compound 11 exhibited the highest activity on spontaneous and K+-induced contractions, followed by compound 13. Therefore, the Ca2+ antagonistic, AChE inhibition potential, and safety profile of these compounds in the human neutrophil viability assay make them potential drug candidates against AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz, Oman
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz, Oman
- *Correspondence: Ajmal Khan, ; Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Muhammad Arif Lodhi,
| | - Sajid Iqbal
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Raman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Birkat-ul-Mouz, Oman
- *Correspondence: Ajmal Khan, ; Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Muhammad Arif Lodhi,
| | - Muhammad Arif Lodhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Ajmal Khan, ; Ahmed Al-Harrasi, ; Muhammad Arif Lodhi,
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23
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Protasenko NA, Baryshnikova SV, Cherkasov AV, Poddel’skii AI. Pentacoordinated Complexes of Triphenyltin(IV) with Bidentate N-Phenyl-o-iminophenols. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328422070077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Das M, Mukherjee S, Islam MM, Choudhuri I, Bhattacharyya N, Samanta BC, Dutta B, Maity T. Response of Ancillary Azide Ligand in Designing a 1D Copper(II) Polymeric Complex along with the Introduction of High DNA- and HAS-Binding Efficacy, Leading to Impressive Anticancer Activity: A Compact Experimental and Theoretical Approach. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23276-23288. [PMID: 35847281 PMCID: PMC9281303 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new versatile azide-bridged polymeric Cu(II) complex, namely, [Cu(L)(μ1,3-N3)]∞ (1), was synthesized utilizing an N,N,O-donor piperidine-based Schiff base ligand (E)-4-bromo-2-((2-(-1-yl)imino)methyl)phenol (HL), obtained via the condensation reaction of 1-(2-aminoethyl) piperidine and 5-bromo salicylaldehyde. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that complex 1 consists of an end-to-end azido-bridged polymeric network, which is further rationalized with the help of a density functional theory (DFT) study. After routine characterization with a range of physicochemical studies, complex 1 is exploited to evaluate its biomedical potential. Initially, theoretical inspection with the help of a molecular docking study indicated the ability of complex 1 to effectively bind with macromolecules such as DNA and the human serum albumin (HSA) protein. The theoretical aspect was further verified by adopting several spectroscopic techniques. The electronic absorption spectroscopic analysis indicates a remarkable binding efficiency of Complex 1 with both DNA and HSA. The notable fluorescence intensity reduction of the ethidium bromide (EtBr)-DNA adduct, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-DNA adduct, and HSA after the gradual addition of complex 1 authenticates its promising binding potential with the macromolecules. The retention of the canonical B form of DNA and α form of HSA during the association of complex 1 was confirmed by implementing a circular dichroism spectral study. The association ability of complex 1 with macromolecules further inspired us to inspect its impact on different cell lines such as HeLa (cervical cancer cell), PA1 (ovarian cancer cell), and HEK (normal cell). The dose-dependent and time-dependent in vitro 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay suggests an effective antiproliferative property of complex 1 with low toxicity toward the normal cell line. Finally, the anticancer activity of complex 1 toward carcinoma cell lines was analyzed by nuclear and cellular staining techniques, unveiling the cell death mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Contai, Purba Medinipur, Contai 721404, India
| | - Somali Mukherjee
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association
for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Md. Maidul Islam
- Department
of Chemistry, Aliah University, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Indranil Choudhuri
- Department
of Chemistry, Panskura Banamali College, Panskura 721152, India
| | | | - Bidhan Chandra Samanta
- Department
of Chemistry, Mugberia Gangadhar Mahavidyalaya, Purba Medinipur 721425, India
| | - Basudeb Dutta
- Department
of Chemical Science, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
| | - Tithi Maity
- Department
of Chemistry, Prabhat Kumar College, Contai, Purba Medinipur, Contai 721404, India
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25
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Adão JR, de Souza P, Boeing T, Mariano LN, Brandt AM, Hemmer JV, Bazani HA, de Andrade SF, Corrêa R, Klein-Júnior LC, Niero R. Synthesis and characterization of Schiff base derivatives and its effect on urinary parameters of Wistar rats: A comparative analysis with different classes of diuretics. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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The Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Antitumor Activity of Benzothiazole Aniline (BTA) Conjugated Metal-Salen Complexes as Non-Platinum Chemotherapeutic Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060751. [PMID: 35745670 PMCID: PMC9228978 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biological evaluation of a series of transition metal complexes containing benzothiazole aniline (BTA). We employed BTA, which is known for its selective anticancer activity, and a salen-type Schiff-based ligand to coordinate several transition metals to achieve selective and synergistic cytotoxicity. The compounds obtained were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The compounds L, MnL, FeL, CoL, and ZnL showed promising in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and they had a lower IC50 than that of the clinically used cisplatin. In particular, MnL had synergistic cytotoxicity against liver, breast, and colon cancer cells. Moreover, MnL, CoL, and CuL promoted the production of reactive oxygen species in HepG2 tumor cell lines. The lead compound of this series, MnL, remained stable in physiological settings, and docking results showed that it interacted rationally with the minor groove of DNA. Therefore, MnL may serve as a viable alternative to platinum-based chemotherapy.
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27
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Mohebbi Jahromi Z, Asadi Z, Eigner V, Dusek M, Rastegari B. A new phenoxo-bridged dicopper Schiff base Complex: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, DNA/BSA Interaction, Cytotoxicity Assay and Catecholase Activity. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Boukraa Y. Equilibrium Constants of Liquid–Liquid Distribution of Schiff Bases Derived from Salicylaldehyde. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024422010289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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More RR, Kadam AB, Humne VT, Junne SB. Iodine‐mediated expedient synthesis of sulfur‐nitrogen containing heteroaminals under acidic condition. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Archana B. Kadam
- P. G. Department of Chemistry Yeshwant Mahavidyalala Nanded India
| | - Vivek T. Humne
- Department of Chemistry Shri R. R. Lahoti Science College Morshi India
| | - Subhash B. Junne
- P. G. Department of Chemistry Yeshwant Mahavidyalala Nanded India
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30
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Vlasenko VG, Burlov AS, Koshchienko YV, Kolodina AA, Kubrin SP, Chaltsev BV, Zubavichus YV, Lazarenko VA, Zubenko AA, Klimenko AI. Synthesis, structural characterization, and biological activities of mononuclear Fe(II), Mn(II), and Ni(II) complexes derived from N-[2-(2-diethylaminoethyliminomethyl)phenyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Omar (Al-Ahdal) ZT, Jadhav S, Pathrikar R, Shejul S, Rai M. Synthesis, Magnetic Susceptibility, Thermodynamic Study and Bio-Evaluation of Transition Metal Complexes of New Schiff Base Incorporating INH Pharmacophore. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2015397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shivaji Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, Tarai College Arts and Science, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rashmi Pathrikar
- Department of Chemistry, Rajshri Shahu College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sumit Shejul
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Megha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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32
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Zalevskaya O, Gur'eva Y, Kutchin A, Aleksandrova Y, Yandulova E, Nikolaeva N, Neganova M. Palladium complexes with terpene derivatives of ethylenediamine and benzylamine: Synthesis and study of antitumor properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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33
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Burlov AS, Vlasenko VG, Koshchienko YV, Milutka MS, Garnovskii DA, Kolodina AA, Zubavichus YV, Kiskin MA. Synthesis, structure, and photoluminescence of Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with N-[2-(diethylaminoalkyliminomethyl)-phenyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamides. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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34
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Milutka MS, Burlov AS, Vlasenko VG, Koshchienko YV, Makarova NI, Metelitsa AV, Korshunova EV, Trigub AL, Zubenko AA, Klimenko AI. Synthesis, Structure, Spectral-Luminescent Properties, and Biological Activity of Chlorine-Substituted Azomethines and Their Zinc(II) Complexes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221090140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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35
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Synthesis, X-ray structure and biological activity of mono- and dinuclear copper complexes derived from N-{2-[(2-diethylamino(alkyl)imino)-methyl]-phenyl}-4-methyl-benzenesulfonamide. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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A Review on the Advancements in the Field of Metal Complexes with Schiff Bases as Antiproliferative Agents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11136027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes play an essential role in pharmaceutical sciences for their multiple and important activities. Schiff bases are versatile pharmacophores able to form chelating complexes with several metals in different oxidation states. Complexes with Schiff bases are widely described in the literature for their multiple actions and numerous advantages, such as low cost and easy synthesis. They show multiple biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimalarial, antinflammatory and antitumor. Schiff bases may also form complexes with lanthanides and actinides acting as catalysts (e.g., in various synthetic processes) and antitumor agents. This review intends to extend on our previous paper regarding Schiff bases as antitumorals, highlighting the importance, in the field of the anticancer agents, of these tools as ligands of metal complexes.
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37
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Li Q, Chen L, Jian XE, Lv DX, You WW, Zhao PL. Design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity of novel 2,4-diamino-5-methyleneaminopyrimidine derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 47:128213. [PMID: 34157389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to discover new anticancer agents, 25 novel 2,4-diamino-5-methyleneaminopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized based on our previous work via a ring-opening strategy. Among them, compared with 5-FU, compound 7i exhibited 4.9-, 2.9-, 2.1-, and 3.0-fold improvement in inhibiting HCT116, HT-29, MCF-7, and HeLa cells proliferation with IC50 values of 4.93, 5.57, 8.84, and 14.16 μM, respectively. Moreover, further mechanistic studies indicated that compound 7i could concentration-dependently induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCT116 cells. These findings revealed that 2,4-diamino-5-methyleneaminopyrimidine scaffold has potential for further investigation to explore novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Xie-Er Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Dong-Xin Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Wen-Wei You
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Pei-Liang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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38
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Tsakanova G, Stepanyan A, Arakelova E, Ayvazyan V, Tonoyan V, Arakelyan A, Hildebrandt G, Schültke E. The radioenhancement potential of Schiff base derived copper (II) compounds against lung carcinoma in vitro. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253553. [PMID: 34143847 PMCID: PMC8213134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last years, copper complexes have been intensively implicated in biomedical research as components of cancer treatment. Herewith, we provide highlights of the synthesis, physical measurements, structural characterization of the newly developed Cu(II) chelates of Schiff Bases, Cu(Picolinyl-L-Tryptopahanate)2, Cu(Picolinyl-L-Tyrosinate)2, Cu(Isonicotinyl-L-Tyrosinate)2, Cu(Picolinyl-L-Phenylalaninate)2, Cu(Nicotinyl-L-Phenylalaninate)2, Cu(Isonicotinyl-L-Phenylalaninate)2, and their radioenhancement capacity at kV and MV ranges of irradiation of human lung carcinoma epithelial cells in vitro. The methods of cell growth, viability and proliferation were used. All compounds exerted very potent radioenhancer capacities in the irradiated lung carcinoma cells at both kV and MV ranges in a 100 μM concentration. At a concentration of 10 μM, only Cu(Picolinyl-L-Tyrosinate)2, Cu(Isonicotinyl-L-Tyrosinate)2, Cu(Picolinyl-L-Phenylalaninate)2 possessed radioenhancer properties at kV and MV ranges. Cu(Picolinyl-L-Tryptophanate)2 showed radioenhancer properties only at kV range. Cu(Nicotinyl-L-Phenylalaninate)2 and Cu(Isonicotinyl-L-Phenylalaninate)2 showed remarkable radioenhancer activity only at MV range. All compounds acted in dose-dependent manner at both tested energy ranges. These copper (II) compounds, in combination with 1 Gy irradiation at either 120 kV or 6 MV, are more efficient at delaying cell growth of lung cancer cells and at reducing cell viability in vitro than the irradiation administered alone. Thus, we have demonstrated that the studied copper compounds have a good potential for radioenhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gohar Tsakanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
- CANDLE Synchrotron Research Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ani Stepanyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | | | - Vahan Tonoyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Guido Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiooncology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Schültke
- Department of Radiooncology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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39
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Matela G. Schiff Bases and Complexes: A Review on Anti-Cancer Activity. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1908-1917. [PMID: 32379596 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200507091207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Development in the field of bio-inorganic chemistry increased the interest in Schiff base and its complexes due to its biological importance in many fields, including anticancer activity. Discovery of the antitumor activity of Schiff base and its complexes against various tumor cell lines fascinates the researchers to develop new anticancer drugs without any side effects. Thus, the present review focuses on the anticancer activity of Schiff bases and their metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Matela
- Department of Chemistry, Kumaun University, GDC Jainti-263626 Almora, Uttarakhand, India
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40
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Abstract
The vanadium(V) complexes have been investigated as potential anticancer agents which makes it essential to evaluate their toxicity for safe use in the clinic. The large-scale synthesis and the acute oral toxicity in mice of the oxidovanadium(V) Schiff base catecholate complex, abbreviated as [VO(HSHED)dtb] containing a redox-active ligand with tridentate Schiff base (HSHED = N-(salicylideneaminato)-N’-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine) and dtb = 3,5-di-(t-butyl)catechol ligands were carried out. The body weight, food consumption, water intake as well biomarkers of liver and kidney toxicity of the [VO(HSHED)dtb] were compared to the precursors, sodium orthovanadate, and free ligand. The 10-fold scale-up synthesis of the oxidovanadium(V) complex resulting in the preparation of material in improved yield leading to 2–3 g (79%) material suitable for investigating the toxicity of vanadium complex. No evidence of toxicity was observed in animals when acutely exposed to a single dose of 300 mg/kg for 14 days. The toxicological results obtained with biochemical and hematological analyses did not show significant changes in kidney and liver parameters when compared with reference values. The low oral acute toxicity of the [VO(HSHED)dtb] is attributed to redox chemistry taking place under biological conditions combined with the hydrolytic stability of the oxidovanadium(V) complex. These results document the design of oxidovanadium(V) complexes that have low toxicity but still are antioxidant and anticancer agents.
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41
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Sánchez-Vergara ME, Hamui L, Gómez E, Chans GM, Galván-Hidalgo JM. Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1023. [PMID: 33806246 PMCID: PMC8038072 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields (64% to 82%). The complexes were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture "contacts up/base down" were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages (<1.5 mV) and a current density variation of as much as ~3 × 10-5 A/cm2 at ~1.1 mV was observed. A generated photocurrent was of approximately 10-7 A and a photoconductivity between 4 × 10-9 and 7 × 10-9 S/cm for all the manufactured structures. The structural modifications on organotin (IV) complexes were focused on the electronic nature of the substituents and their ability to contribute to the electronic delocalization via the π system. The presence of the methyl group, a modest electron donor, or the non-substitution on the aromatic ring, has a reduced effect on the electronic properties of the molecule. However, a strong effect in the electronic properties of the material can be inferred from the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents like chlorine, able to reduce the gap energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Elena Sánchez-Vergara
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac México, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Leon Hamui
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Anáhuac México, Avenida Universidad Anáhuac 46, Col. Lomas Anáhuac, Huixquilucan 52786, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Elizabeth Gómez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n. C.U., Alcaldia Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (G.M.C.); (J.M.G.-H.)
| | - Guillermo M. Chans
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n. C.U., Alcaldia Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (G.M.C.); (J.M.G.-H.)
| | - José Miguel Galván-Hidalgo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n. C.U., Alcaldia Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; (G.M.C.); (J.M.G.-H.)
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Ferraz de Paiva RE, Vieira EG, Rodrigues da Silva D, Wegermann CA, Costa Ferreira AM. Anticancer Compounds Based on Isatin-Derivatives: Strategies to Ameliorate Selectivity and Efficiency. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:627272. [PMID: 33614708 PMCID: PMC7889591 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.627272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review we compare and discuss results of compounds already reported as anticancer agents based on isatin-derivatives, metalated as well as non-metallated. Isatin compounds can be obtained from plants, marine animals, and is also found in human fluids as a metabolite of amino acids. Its derivatives include imines, hydrazones, thiosemicarbazones, among others, already focused on numerous anticancer studies. Some of them have entered in pre-clinical and clinical tests as antiangiogenic compounds or inhibitors of crucial proteins. As free ligands or coordinated to metal ions, such isatin derivatives showed promising antiproliferative properties against different cancer cells, targeting different biomolecules or organelles. Binding to metal ions usually improves its biological properties, indicating a modulation by the metal and by the ligand in a synergistic process. They also reveal diverse mechanisms of action, being able of binding DNA, generating reactive species that cause oxidative damage, and inhibiting selected proteins. Strategies used to improve the efficiency and selectivity of these compounds comprise structural modification of the ligands, metalation with different ions, syntheses of mononuclear and dinuclear species, and use of inserted or anchored compounds in selected drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Guimarães Vieira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rodrigues da Silva
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Anchau Wegermann
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Costa Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Almehmadi MA, Aljuhani A, Alraqa SY, Ali I, Rezki N, Aouad MR, Hagar M. Design, synthesis, DNA binding, modeling, anticancer studies and DFT calculations of Schiff bases tethering benzothiazole-1,2,3-triazole conjugates. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Strianese M, Pappalardo D, Mazzeo M, Lamberti M, Pellecchia C. Salen-type aluminum and zinc complexes as two-faced Janus compounds: contribution to molecular sensing and polymerization catalysis. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16533-16550. [PMID: 33140763 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02639e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present review is to highlight the most recent achievements in different fields of application of salen-based zinc and aluminum complexes. More specifically this article focuses on the use of aluminum and zinc salen-type complexes as optical probes for biologically relevant molecules, as catalysts for the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters and co-polymerization of epoxides and anhydrides (ROCOP) and in the chemical fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2). The intention is to provide an overview of the most recent results from our group within the framework of the state-of-art-results in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strianese
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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Yusuf TL, Oladipo SD, Olagboye SA, Zamisa SJ, Tolufashe GF. Solvent-free synthesis of nitrobenzyl Schiff bases: Characterization, antibacterial studies, density functional theory and molecular docking studies. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Enhancement of Cisplatin Cytotoxicity by Cu(II)-Mn(II) Schiff Base Tetradentate Complex in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204688. [PMID: 33066414 PMCID: PMC7587367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most predominant tumors worldwide and the present treatment policies are not enough to provide a specific solution. We aimed to assess the cytotoxic effect of Cu(II)–Mn(II) Schiff base tetradentate complex alone or in combination with cisplatin against squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCCs) in vitro. Oral-derived gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were used as control. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. IC50 values were calculated. Evaluation of apoptosis and DNA damage were performed. In addition, the expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes and proteins were tested. IC50 values indicated less toxicity of the Schiff base complex on GMSCs compared to cisplatin. Schiff base complex treatment resulted in up-regulation of p53 and Bax genes expression and down-regulation of Bcl2 gene expression in SCCs paralleled with increased protein expression of caspase-3 and Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein. Annexin V-FITC apoptosis kit showed a higher apoptotic effect induced by a Schiff base complex compared to the cisplatin-treated group. These effects were markedly increased on the combination of Schiff base and cisplatin. The present study established that Cu(II)–Mn(II) Schiff base tetradentate complex might induce a cytotoxic effect on SCCs cells via induction of the apoptotic pathway. Moreover, this Schiff base complex augments the anticancer effect of cisplatin.
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New Heteroleptic 3D Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Solubilization Parameters. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184252. [PMID: 32947958 PMCID: PMC7570477 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial resistance to current antibiotics is increasing day by day, which in turn accelerating the development of new effective drugs. Several studies have proved the high antimicrobial potential of the interaction of several organic ligands with a variety of metal ions. In the present study, a conventional method has been adopted in the synthesis of twelve new heteroleptic complexes of cobalt (II), nickel (II), copper (II) and zinc (II) using three aldimines, namely, (HL1 ((E)-2-((4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-3,4-dimethyl-5-phenylcyclopent-2-en-1-one), HL2 ((Z)-3-((4-chlorobenzylidene)amino)-4-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid) HL3 (2,2'-((1,2-phenylenebis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))diphenol)) as primary ligands, while phenyl glycine was the secondary ligand. The synthesized compounds were characterized by UV-vis, IR and multinuclear (1H and 13C) NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and electrical conductance. The IR study revealed the coordination of the aldimine derivatives with the -OH and N atom of imine moiety. In contrary to this, the phenyl glycine coordinated to the metal ions via oxygen of carboxylate and nitrogen of the amino group. The spectroscopic analysis unveiled the tetrahedral geometry of the synthesized metal (II) complexes, except for ligand HL3 which exhibited octahedral geometry. The synthesized compounds generally showed antibacterial activity for all microbes, except Ni (II) complexes lacking sensitivity. Furthermore, to access the bioavailability, the synthesized complexes were screened for their solubilization in the micellar media of sodium lauryl sulphate. The metal complex-surfactant interaction was revealed by UV-vis spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements.
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Ali I, Mahmood LM, Mehdar YT, Aboul-Enein HY, Said MA. Synthesis, characterization, simulation, DNA binding and anticancer activities of Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes of a Schiff base containing o-hydroxyl group nitrogen ligand. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bhatt BS, Gandhi DH, Vaidya FU, Pathak C, Patel TN. Cell apoptosis induced by ciprofloxacin based Cu(II) complexes: cytotoxicity, SOD mimic and antibacterial studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4555-4562. [PMID: 32476567 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1776641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The current cancer research focuses on the design and synthesis of chemical compounds that can modulate cell apoptosis or programmed cell death. So we synthesized and characterized ciprofloxacin based copper(II) complexes and studied their anticancer activity against HCT 116 cancer cells by MTT assay. We further investigated the influence of compound-2 (better IC50 value than cisplatin) on cancer cells to know the exact mechanism of anticancer activity. The distinct morphological change of cells due to compound-2 was observed in bright field microscopy. The trypan blue assay clearly demonstrated inhibition of cell viability. The clonogenic ability inhibition assay showed a low percentage of the plating efficiency of HCT 116 cells. The mechanism of cell death, either apoptotic or necrotic was distinguished by annexin V-FITC/PI (propidium iodide) staining assay and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) release assay. The positive annexinV/PI cells in presence of compound-2 and absence of LDH in the LDH release assay confirmed the cell apoptotic mechanism of cell death. We also checked in vitro antibacterial activity of compounds against Gram(-ve) and Gram(+ve) bacteria in terms of MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and the data were in good agreement with the standard drug data. SOD mimic activity of synthesized Cu(II) complexes was also studied in terms of IC50 value. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay was also performed to evaluate the cytotoxic properties of the Cu(II) complexes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh S Bhatt
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
| | - Divyang H Gandhi
- Department of Chemistry, C. U. Shah University, Wadhwancity, India
| | - Foram U Vaidya
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Chandramani Pathak
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Tushar N Patel
- Department of Chemistry, C. U. Shah University, Wadhwancity, India
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