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Li Y, Li J, Lu Y, Ma Y. ZnO nanomaterials target mitochondrial apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy pathways in cancer cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3909. [PMID: 38269499 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the application of engineering nanomaterials has significantly contributed to the development of various biomedical fields. Zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO NMts) have gained wide popularity due to their biocompatibility, unique physical and chemical properties, stability, and cost-effectiveness for large-scale production. They have emerged as potential materials for anticancer applications. This article provides a comprehensive review of the synthesis methods of ZnO NMts and highlights the advantages of combining ZnO NMts with anticancer drugs as a nano platform for cancer treatment. Additionally, the article briefly explains the mechanism of action of ZnO NMts in tumor cells, focusing on the mitochondrial pathways that target cell apoptosis and autophagy. It is observed that these pathways are primarily influenced by reactive oxygen species generated through oxidative stress. The article discusses the promising prospects of ZnO NMts combined with anticancer drugs in the field of cancer medicine and emphasizes the need for further in-depth research on the mitochondrial apoptosis and mitochondrial autophagy pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonghua Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
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Rehman S, Alahmari F, Aldossary L, Alhout M, Aljameel SS, Ali SM, Sabir JSM, Khan FA, Rather IA. Nano-sized warriors: zinc chromium vanadate nanoparticles as a dual solution for eradicating waterborne enterobacteriaceae and fighting cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1213824. [PMID: 37521476 PMCID: PMC10373886 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1213824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The revolution of biomedical applications has opened new avenues for nanotechnology. Zinc Chromium vanadate nanoparticles (VCrZnO4 NPs) have emerged as an up-and-coming candidate, with their exceptional physical and chemical properties setting them apart. In this study, a one-pot solvothermal method was employed to synthesize VCrZnO4 NPs, followed by a comprehensive structural and morphological analysis using a variety of techniques, including X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These techniques confirmed the crystallinity of the NPs. The VCrZnO4 NPs were tested for their antibacterial activity against primary contaminants such as Enterobacteriaceae, including Shigella flexneri, Salmonella cholerasis, and Escherichia coli, commonly found in hospital settings, using the broth dilution technique. The results indicated a stronger antibacterial activity of VCrZnO4 NPs against Shigella and Salmonella than E. coli. Electron microscopy showed that the NPs caused severe damage to the bacterial cell wall and membrane, leading to cell death. In addition, the study evaluated the anticancer activities of the metal complexes in vitro using colorectal cancer cells (HCT-116) and cervical cancer cells (HELA), along with non-cancer cells and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293). A vanadium complex demonstrated efficient anticancer effects with half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 38.50+3.50 g/mL for HCT-116 cells and 42.25+4.15 g/mL for HELA cells. This study highlights the potential of Zinc Chromium vanadate nanoparticles as promising candidates for antibacterial and anticancer applications. Various advanced characterization techniques were used to analyze the properties of nanomaterials, which may help develop more effective and safer antibacterial and anticancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suriya Rehman
- Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alahmari
- Department of Nanomedicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Aldossary
- Summer Research Program, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Alhout
- Summer Research Program, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhailah S. Aljameel
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mehmood Ali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal S. M. Sabir
- Department of Biological Science, Faulty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Science, Faulty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Nanoparticles loaded with pharmacologically active plant-derived natural products: Biomedical applications and toxicity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 225:113214. [PMID: 36893664 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacologically active natural products have played a significant role in the history of drug development. They have acted as sources of therapeutic drugs for various diseases such as cancer and infectious diseases. However, most natural products suffer from poor water solubility and low bioavailability, limiting their clinical applications. The rapid development of nanotechnology has opened up new directions for applying natural products and numerous studies have explored the biomedical applications of nanomaterials loaded with natural products. This review covers the recent research on applying plant-derived natural products (PDNPs) nanomaterials, including nanomedicines loaded with flavonoids, non-flavonoid polyphenols, alkaloids, and quinones, especially their use in treating various diseases. Furthermore, some drugs derived from natural products can be toxic to the body, so the toxicity of them is discussed. This comprehensive review includes fundamental discoveries and exploratory advances in natural product-loaded nanomaterials that may be helpful for future clinical development.
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Sjs B, K K, A P, P H, B SR, Sumathi S. Modulation of gene expression by thymoquinone conjugated Zinc Oxide nanoparticles arrested cell cycle, DNA damage and increased apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1943-1951. [PMID: 35510706 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2072513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines include the area of science that combines the drugs or diagnostic molecules using nanotechnology approach to improve its ability to target specific cells or tissues. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are known for its non-toxicity, biocompatibility and biosafety. Thymoquinone (TQ) is used in the present study from the seeds of Nigella sativa (Black cumin seed). ZnO nanoparticles and TQ-ZnO (TQ coated ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized and its characterization were analyzed using spectrophotometeric analysis and dose of the treatment groups (ZnO, TQ and TQ-ZnO nanoparticles) were optimized in our previous studies. Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) cells, MDA-MB-231 were exposed to 30 µg/ml dose of TQ coated ZnO nanoparticles which were synthesized and characterized. Their anticancer properties were validated by testing their ability to induce DNA damage, to inhibit cell proliferation, to induce apoptosis and to arrest cell cycle. Modulation of gene expression and their intensities of the fluorogen reflecting the extent of gene expression were quantified using RT-PCR. Furthermore, the Human Breast Cancer PCR array profiles the expression of 84 genes and11 different biological pathways. The results revealed that the TQ-ZnO nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of cells at synthesis phase and increased DNA damage, which further resulted in apoptosis. PCR array results showed that the combined effect have extensive applications in therapeutics. TQ-ZnO nanoparticles modulated the expression pattern of breast cancer associated genes in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banupriya Sjs
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kavithaa K
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Poornima A
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Haribalan P
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sri Renukadevi B
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - S Sumathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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