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Yin D, Zhan S, Liu Y, Yan L, Shi B, Wang X, Zhang S. Experimental models for peri-implant diseases: a narrative review. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:378. [PMID: 38884808 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peri-implant diseases, being the most common implant-related complications, significantly impact the normal functioning and longevity of implants. Experimental models play a crucial role in discovering potential therapeutic approaches and elucidating the mechanisms of disease progression in peri-implant diseases. This narrative review comprehensively examines animal models and common modeling methods employed in peri-implant disease research and innovatively summarizes the in vitro models of peri-implant diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles published between 2015 and 2023 were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase. All studies focusing on experimental models of peri-implant diseases were included and carefully evaluated. RESULTS Various experimental models of peri-implantitis have different applications and advantages. The dog model is currently the most widely utilized animal model in peri-implant disease research, while rodent models have unique advantages in gene knockout and systemic disease induction. In vitro models of peri-implant diseases are also continuously evolving to meet different experimental purposes. CONCLUSIONS The utilization of experimental models helps simplify experiments, save time and resources, and promote advances in peri-implant disease research. Animal models have been proven valuable in the early stages of drug development, while technological advancements have brought about more predictive and relevant in vitro models. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This review provides clear and comprehensive model selection strategies for researchers in the field of peri-implant diseases, thereby enhancing understanding of disease pathogenesis and providing possibilities for developing new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Suying Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, 030032, Shanxi, China
| | - Lichao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Binmian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Tavares SJS, Pereira CR, Fortes RAM, Alves BES, Fonteles CSR, Wong DVT, Lima-Júnior RCP, Moraes MO, Lima V. Umbelliferone reduces inflammation and ligature-induced osteoclastic alveolar bone resorption in mice. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38742802 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the effects of Umbelliferone (UMB) on the inflammation underlying alveolar bone resorption in mouse periodontitis. METHODS Male Swiss mice subjected to a ligature of molars were grouped as non-treated (NT), received UMB (15, 45, or 135 mg/kg) or saline daily for 7 days, respectively, and were compared with naïve mice as control. Gingival tissues were evaluated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and interleukin-1β level by ELISA. The bone resorption was directly assessed on the region between the cement-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. Microscopically, histomorphometry of the furcation region, immunofluorescence for nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB), and immunohistochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and cathepsin K (CTSK) were performed. Systemically, body mass variation and leukogram were analyzed. RESULTS Periodontitis significantly increased MPO activity, interleukin-1β level, and NF-ĸB+ immunofluorescence, and induced severe alveolar bone and furcation resorptions, besides increased TRAP+ and CTSK+ cells compared with naïve. UMB significantly prevented the inflammation by reducing MPO activity, interleukin-1β level, and NF-ĸB+ intensity, besides reduction of resorption of alveolar bone and furcation area, and TRAP+ and CTSK+ cells compared with the NT group. Periodontitis or UMB treatment did not affect the animals systemically. CONCLUSION UMB improved periodontitis by reducing inflammation and bone markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Jessica Silva Tavares
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Course of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Camila Rodrigues Pereira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Course of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Elen Souza Alves
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Sá Roriz Fonteles
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Course of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico Moraes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Vilma Lima
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Dmytrenko G, Fernández-Solari J, Correa F, De Laurentiis A. Oxytocin alleviates periodontitis in adult rats. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:280-288. [PMID: 38226427 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the expression of oxytocin receptors in normal and inflamed gingiva, as well as the effects of systemic administration of oxytocin in bone loss and gum inflammatory mediators in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. BACKGROUND DATA Current evidence supports the hypothesis of a disbalance between the oral microbiota and the host's immune response in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Increased complexity of the microbial biofilm present in the periodontal pocket leads to local production of nitrogen and oxygen-reactive species, cytokines, chemokines, and other proinflammatory mediators which contribute to periodontal tissue destruction and bone loss. Oxytocin has been suggested to participate in the modulation of immune and inflammatory processes. We have previously shown that oxytocin, nitric oxide, and endocannabinoid system interact providing a mechanism of regulation for systemic inflammation. Here, we aimed at investigating not only the presence and levels of expression of oxytocin receptors on healthy and inflamed gingiva, but also the effects of oxytocin treatment on alveolar bone loss, and systemic and gum expression of inflammatory mediators involved in periodontal tissue damage using ligature-induced periodontitis. Therefore, anti-inflammatory strategies oriented at modulating the host's immune response could be valuable adjuvants to the main treatment of periodontal disease. METHODS We used an animal model of ligature-induced periodontitis involving the placement of a linen thread (Barbour flax 100% linen suture, No. 50; size 2/0) ligature around the neck of first lower molars of adult male rats. The ligature was left in place during the entire experiment (7 days) until euthanasia. Animals with periodontitis received daily treatment with oxytocin (OXT, 1000 μg/kg, sc.) or vehicle and/or atosiban (3 mg/kg, sc.), an antagonist of oxytocin receptors. The distance between the cement-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest was measured in stained hemimandibles in the long axis of both buccal and lingual surfaces of both inferior first molars using a caliper. TNF-α levels in plasma were determined using specific rat enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). OXT receptors, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression were determined in gingival tissues by semiquantitative or real-time PCR. RESULTS We show that oxytocin receptors are expressed in normal and inflamed gingival tissues in male rats. We also show that the systemic administration of oxytocin prevents the experimental periodontitis-induced increased gum expression of oxytocin receptors, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β (p < .05). Furthermore, we observed a reduction in bone loss in rats treated with oxytocin in our model. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that oxytocin is a novel and potent modulator of the gingival inflammatory process together with bone loss preventing effects in an experimental model of ligature-induced periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganna Dmytrenko
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Fernández-Solari
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fernando Correa
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea De Laurentiis
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, CEFYBO-UBA-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Fisiología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Imber JC, Imber LC, Roccuzzo A, Stähli A, Muñoz F, Weusmann J, Bosshardt DD, Sculean A. Preclinical evaluation of a new synthetic carbonate apatite bone substitute on periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:42-52. [PMID: 37997207 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of a novel synthetic carbonate apatite bone substitute (CO3 Ap-BS) on periodontal regeneration. BACKGROUND The use of various synthetic bone substitutes as a monotherapy for periodontal regeneration mainly results in a reparative healing pattern. Since xenografts or allografts are not always accepted by patients for various reasons, a synthetic alternative would be desirable. METHODS Acute-type 3-wall intrabony defects were surgically created in 4 female beagle dogs. Defects were randomly allocated and filled with CO3 Ap-BS (test) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) or left empty (control). After 8 weeks, the retrieved specimens were scanned by micro-CT, and the percentages of new bone, bone substitute, and soft tissues were evaluated. Thereafter, the tissues were histologically and histometrically analyzed. RESULTS Healing was uneventful in all animals, and defects were present without any signs of adverse events. Formation of periodontal ligament and cementum occurred to varying extent in all groups without statistically significant differences between the groups. Residues of both bone substitutes were still present and showed integration into new bone. Histometry and micro-CT revealed that the total mineralized area or volume was higher with the use of CO3 Ap-BS compared to control (66.06 ± 9.34%, 36.11 ± 6.40%; p = .014, or 69.74 ± 2.95%, 42.68 ± 8.68%; p = .014). The percentage of bone substitute surface covered by new bone was higher for CO3 Ap-BS (47.22 ± 3.96%) than for DBBM (16.69 ± 5.66, p = .114). CONCLUSIONS CO3 Ap-BS and DBBM demonstrated similar effects on periodontal regeneration. However, away from the root surface, more new bone, total mineralized area/volume, and higher osteoconductivity were observed for the CO3 Ap-BS group compared to the DBBM group. These findings point to the potential of CO3 Ap-BS for periodontal and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Carmela Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Roccuzzo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Muñoz
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Ibonelab SL, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jens Weusmann
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Daniel Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Bharuka T, Reche A. Advancements in Periodontal Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review of Stem Cell Therapy. Cureus 2024; 16:e54115. [PMID: 38487109 PMCID: PMC10938178 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease, characterized by inflammation and infection of the supporting structures of teeth, presents a significant challenge in dentistry and public health. Current treatment modalities, while effective to some extent, have limitations in achieving comprehensive periodontal tissue regeneration. This comprehensive review explores the potential of stem cell therapy in advancing the field of periodontal regeneration. Stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), hold promise due to their immunomodulatory effects, differentiation potential into periodontal tissues, and paracrine actions. Preclinical studies using various animal models have revealed encouraging outcomes, though standardization and long-term assessment remain challenges. Clinical trials and case studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy in real-world applications, especially in personalized regenerative medicine. Patient selection criteria, ethical considerations, and standardized treatment protocols are vital for successful clinical implementation. Stem cell therapy is poised to revolutionize periodontal regeneration, offering more effective, patient-tailored treatments while addressing the systemic health implications of periodontal disease. This transformative approach holds the potential to significantly impact clinical practice and improve the overall well-being of individuals affected by this prevalent oral health concern. Responsible regulatory compliance and a focus on ethical considerations will be essential as stem cell therapy evolves in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Bharuka
- Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amit Reche
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Mosaddad SA, Hussain A, Tebyaniyan H. Exploring the Use of Animal Models in Craniofacial Regenerative Medicine: A Narrative Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:29-59. [PMID: 37432898 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The craniofacial region contains skin, bones, cartilage, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), teeth, periodontal tissues, mucosa, salivary glands, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. Applying tissue engineering therapeutically helps replace lost tissues after trauma or cancer. Despite recent advances, it remains essential to standardize and validate the most appropriate animal models to effectively translate preclinical data to clinical situations. Therefore, this review focused on applying various animal models in craniofacial tissue engineering and regeneration. This research was based on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar data available until January 2023. This study included only English-language publications describing animal models' application in craniofacial tissue engineering (in vivo and review studies). Study selection was based on evaluating titles, abstracts, and full texts. The total number of initial studies was 6454. Following the screening process, 295 articles remained on the final list. Numerous in vivo studies have shown that small and large animal models can benefit clinical conditions by assessing the efficacy and safety of new therapeutic interventions, devices, and biomaterials in animals with similar diseases/defects to humans. Different species' anatomical, physiologic, and biological features must be considered in developing innovative, reproducible, and discriminative experimental models to select an appropriate animal model for a specific tissue defect. As a result, understanding the parallels between human and veterinary medicine can benefit both fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmed Hussain
- School of Dentistry, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Department of Science and Research, Islimic Azade University, Tehran, Iran
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Kim TY, Kim A, Aryal YP, Sung S, Pokharel E, Neupane S, Choi SY, Ha JH, Jung JK, Yamamoto H, An CH, Suh JY, Sohn WJ, Lee Y, Jang IH, Norman DD, Tigyi GJ, An SY, Kim JY. Functional modulation of lysophosphatidic acid type 2 G-protein coupled receptor facilitates alveolar bone formation. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:112-123. [PMID: 38149778 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Lipid biosynthesis is recently studied its functions in a range of cellular physiology including differentiation and regeneration. However, it still remains to be elucidated in its precise function. To reveal this, we evaluated the roles of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in alveolar bone formation using the LPA type 2 receptor (LPAR2) antagonist AMG-35 (Amgen Compound 35) using tooth loss without periodontal disease model which would be caused by trauma and usually requires a dental implant to restore masticatory function. In this study, in vitro cell culture experiments in osteoblasts and periodontal ligament fibroblasts revealed cell type-specific responses, with AMG-35 modulating osteogenic differentiation in osteoblasts in vitro. To confirm the in vivo results, we employed a mouse model of tooth loss without periodontal disease. Five to 10 days after tooth extraction, AMG-35 facilitated bone formation in the tooth root socket as measured by immunohistochemistry for differentiation markers KI67, Osteocalcin, Periostin, RUNX2, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and SMAD2/3. The increased expression and the localization of these proteins suggest that AMG-35 elicits osteoblast differentiation through TGF-β1 and SMAD2/3 signaling. These results indicate that LPAR2/TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 represents a new signaling pathway in alveolar bone formation and that local application of AMG-35 in traumatic tooth loss can be used to facilitate bone regeneration and healing for further clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Anna Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yam Prasad Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Shijin Sung
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Elina Pokharel
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sanjiv Neupane
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - So-Young Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hong Ha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Jung
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hitoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chang-Hyeon An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jo-Young Suh
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wern-Joo Sohn
- Department of K-Beauty Business, College of Cosmetics and Pharmaceuticals, Daegu Hanny University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Il-Ho Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University School of Dentistry, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Derek D Norman
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gabor J Tigyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Seo-Young An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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Khuda F, Baharin B, Anuar NNM, Satimin BSF, Nasruddin NS. Effective Modalities of Periodontitis Induction in Rat Model. J Vet Dent 2024; 41:49-57. [PMID: 37259505 DOI: 10.1177/08987564231178459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Induction of periodontal disease using the rat model is the preferred model for human periodontal disease studies that are related to gene expression, mechanisms of inflammatory regulation, microbial and host responses, resolution, and the healing process. There are 3 methods that are frequently used to induce periodontal disease, which are: ligature application, oral bacterial inoculation, and the lipopolysaccharide injection technique. In the ligature model, sterile non-absorbable sutures or orthodontic wires are widely used to induce local irritation and bacterial plaque accumulation. Secondly, mono and mixed cultures of periodontal bacteria are inoculated orally by gavage or topical application. Lastly, lipopolysaccharide extracted from pathogenic bacteria can be directly injected into the gingival sulcus to induce inflammation and stimulate osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone loss. Among these methods, ligature application induces inflammation and alveolar bone resorption more promptly compared to other methods. This review will provide an overview of the main induction methods in experimental periodontal disease, with their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazle Khuda
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Badiah Baharin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Potra Cicalău GI, Ciavoi G, Scrobotă I, Marcu AO, Romanul I, Marian E, Vicaș LG, Ganea M. Assessing the Antioxidant Benefits of Topical Carvacrol and Magnolol Periodontal Hydrogel Therapy in Periodontitis Associated with Diabetes in Wistar Rats. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:284. [PMID: 38132422 PMCID: PMC10742747 DOI: 10.3390/dj11120284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized that oxidative stress contributes to chronic stress-induced cytotoxicity, which is a major factor in the progression of many diseases, including periodontitis and diabetes. Formulas based on natural extracts with antioxidant properties are alternative treatment perspectives in the management of such diseases. The aim of our study was to assess how carvacrol and magnolol influence periodontitis associated with diabetes in Wistar rats. Ninety Wistar rats were distributed in nine groups: I-control group; II-diabetes group (D); III-periodontitis group (P); IV-periodontitis and diabetes group (PD); V-periodontitis and diabetes with vehicle alone (PDV); VI-periodontitis and diabetes treated with carvacrol (PDC); VII-periodontitis and diabetes treated with magnolol (PDM); VIII-periodontitis and diabetes treated with carvacrol and magnolol (PDCM); IX-healthy group with vehicle alone (CV). Blood malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and catalase activity levels (CAT) were measured as indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity, respectively. Where diabetes and periodontitis were induced, MDA was augmented and CAT was depleted significantly. Whether given alone (PDM) or in combination with carvacrol (PDCM), magnolol significantly decreased MDA. Between the PDM group and the PDCM group, there were no notable differences. In Wistar rats with periodontitis related to diabetes, topical use of hydrogels containing magnolol, either alone or in combination with carvacrol, may reduce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Ioana Potra Cicalău
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.I.P.C.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Gabriela Ciavoi
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.I.P.C.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Ioana Scrobotă
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.I.P.C.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Andreea Olivia Marcu
- Preclinics Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana Romanul
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (G.I.P.C.); (G.C.); (I.R.)
| | - Eleonora Marian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (L.G.V.); (M.G.)
| | - Laura Grațiela Vicaș
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (L.G.V.); (M.G.)
| | - Mariana Ganea
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (E.M.); (L.G.V.); (M.G.)
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Rossi G, Liu KF, Kershaw H, Riddell D, Hyndman TH, Monks D, Musk GC. Biological Variation in Biochemistry Analytes in Laboratory Guinea Pigs ( Cavia porcellus). Vet Sci 2023; 10:621. [PMID: 37888573 PMCID: PMC10610888 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological variation (BV) describes the physiological random fluctuation around a homeostatic set point, which is a characteristic of all blood measurands (analytes). That variation may impact the clinical relevance of the changes that are observed in the serial results for an individual. Biological variation is represented mathematically by the coefficient of variation (CV) and occurs within each individual (CVI) and between individuals in a population (CVG). Biological variation data can be used to assess whether population-based reference or subject-based reference intervals should be used for the interpretation of laboratory results through the calculation of the index of individuality (IoI). This study aimed to determine the biological variations, calculate the IoI and reference change values (RCV) of clinical chemistry analytes in an outbred strain colony of Hartley guinea pigs (GPs), and set the quality specifications for clinical chemistry analytes. Blood was collected from 16 healthy adult laboratory colony GPs via jugular venipuncture at weekly intervals over six weeks. All the samples were frozen and analyzed in a single run. Analytical, CVI, and CVG biological variations, together with the IoI and RCV, were calculated for each measurand. Based on the estimated BV, the calculated IoI was low for glucose, so individual reference intervals (RCV) should be used. The majority of the measurands should be interpreted using both population-based and subject-based reference intervals as the IoIs were intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rossi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; (K.-F.L.); (T.H.H.)
- Centre for Animal Production and Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Kwei-Farn Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; (K.-F.L.); (T.H.H.)
| | - Helen Kershaw
- Animal Care Services, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (H.K.); (D.R.); (G.C.M.)
| | - Dayna Riddell
- Animal Care Services, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (H.K.); (D.R.); (G.C.M.)
| | - Timothy H. Hyndman
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; (K.-F.L.); (T.H.H.)
| | - Deborah Monks
- Brisbane Bird and Exotics Veterinary Service, Greenslopes, QLD 4120, Australia;
| | - Gabrielle C. Musk
- Animal Care Services, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (H.K.); (D.R.); (G.C.M.)
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11
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Sun Q, Li Y, Luo P, He H. Animal models for testing biomaterials in periodontal regeneration. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2023; 4:142-150. [PMID: 38283090 PMCID: PMC10817781 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease. It can cause tooth loss and has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. While existing treatments can only slow the progression of periodontitis, they are unable to achieve complete regeneration and functional reconstruction of periodontal tissues. As a result, regenerative therapies based on biomaterials have become a focal point of research in the field of periodontology. Despite numerous studies reporting the superiority of new materials in periodontal regeneration, limited progress has been made in translating these findings into clinical practice. This may be due to the lack of appropriate animal models to simulate the tissue defects caused by human periodontitis. This review aims to provide an overview of established animal models for periodontal regeneration, examine their advantages and limitations, and outline the steps for model construction. The objective is to determine the most relevant animal models for periodontal regeneration based on the hypothesis and expected outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yicun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Centre, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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12
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Yoon H, Jung BH, Yoo KY, Lee JB, Um HS, Chang BS, Lee JK. Temporal changes of periodontal tissue pathology in a periodontitis animal model. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2023; 53:248-258. [PMID: 36468486 PMCID: PMC10465809 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2203420171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to characterize the early stages of periodontal disease and determine the optimal period for its evaluation in a mouse model. The association between the duration of ligation and its effect on the dentogingival area in mice was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis. METHODS Ninety mice were allocated to an untreated control group or a ligation group in which periodontitis was induced by a 6-0 silk ligation around the left second maxillary molar. Mice were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, and 14 days after ligature placement. Alveolar bone destruction was evaluated using micro-CT. Histological analysis was performed to assess the immune-inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissue. RESULTS No significant difference in alveolar bone loss was found compared to the control group until day 3 after ligature placement, and a gradual increase in alveolar bone loss was observed from 4 to 8 days following ligature placement. No significant between-group differences were observed after 8 days. The histological analysis demonstrated that the inflammatory response was evident from day 4. CONCLUSIONS Our findings in a mouse model provide experimental evidence that ligature-induced periodontitis models offer a consistent progression of disease with marginal attachment down-growth, inflammatory infiltration, and alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunpil Yoon
- Department of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Bo Hyun Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Ki-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Jong-Bin Lee
- Department of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Heung-Sik Um
- Department of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Beom-Seok Chang
- Department of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Lee
- Department of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University College of Dentistry, Gangneung, Korea.
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Silva C, Requicha J, Dias I, Bastos E, Viegas C. Genomic Medicine in Canine Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2463. [PMID: 37570272 PMCID: PMC10417655 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic medicine has become a growing reality; however, it is still taking its first steps in veterinary medicine. Through this approach, it will be possible to trace the genetic profile of a given individual and thus know their susceptibility to certain diseases, namely periodontal disease. This condition is one of the most frequently diagnosed in companion animal clinics, especially in dogs. Due to the limited existing information and the lack of comprehensive studies, the objective of the present study was to systematically review the existing scientific literature regarding genomic medicine in canine periodontal disease and determine which genes have already been studied and their probable potential. This study followed the recommendations of the PRISMA 2020 methodology. Canine periodontal disease allied to genomic medicine were the subjects of this systematic review. Only six articles met all of the inclusion criteria, and these were analyzed in detail. These studies described genetic variations in the following genes: interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interleukin-1, lactotransferrin, toll-like receptor 9, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B. Only in two of them, namely interleukin-1 and toll-like receptor 9 genes, may the identified genetic variations explain the susceptibility that certain individuals have to the development of periodontal disease. It is necessary to expand the studies on the existing polymorphic variations in genes and their relationship with the development of periodontal disease. Only then will it be possible to fully understand the biological mechanisms that are involved in this disease and that determine the susceptibility to its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Silva
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.S.); (J.R.); (I.D.)
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Requicha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.S.); (J.R.); (I.D.)
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.S.); (J.R.); (I.D.)
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- CITAB—Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Estela Bastos
- CITAB—Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Viegas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.S.); (J.R.); (I.D.)
- CECAV—Centre for Animal Sciences and Veterinary Studies, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- CITAB—Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Inov4Agro-Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Helal MB, Alsherif AA. The ameliorating role of epithelial cell rests of Malassez in the alleviation of experimentally-induced periodontitis in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 149:105658. [PMID: 36867954 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the effect of experimentally-induced periodontitis on epithelial cell rests of Malassez (ERM) distribution and its subsequent role in regenerating periodontal ligament (PDL). DESIGN The study included 60 rats, aged seven months, randomly and equally divided into two groups: Group I, the control group, and Group II, the experimental group, in which ligature-periodontitis was induced. Ten rats from each group were euthanized at 1, 2, and 4 weeks. For ERM detection, specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical examination of cytokeratin-14. Additionally, specimens were prepared for the transmission electron microscope. RESULTS Group I demonstrated well-organized PDL fibers with few ERM clumps close to the cervical root portion. In contrast, one week after periodontitis induction, Group II showed marked degeneration, a damaged cluster of ERM cells, narrowing of the PDL space, and early signs of PDL hyalinization. After two weeks, a disorganized PDL was observed with the detection of small ERM clumps enclosing very few cells. After four weeks, PDL fibers were reorganized, and ERM clusters increased significantly. Notably, ERM cells were positive for CK14 in all groups. CONCLUSION Early-stage ERM may be affected by periodontitis. However, ERM is capable of recovering its putative role in PDL maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya Anwar Alsherif
- Lecturer of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt.
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15
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da Silva Barbirato D, Fogacci MF, Guimarães TC, de Carvalho DP, Rurr JC, Takiya CM, Scharfstein J, da Costa Leitão AA. Protective effect of Chromobacterium violaceum and violacein against bone resorption by periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2175-2186. [PMID: 36809354 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04891-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of Chromobacterium violaceum and violacein against periodontitis, in experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS A double-blind experimental study on the exposure to C. violaceum or violacein in experimentally ligature-induced periodontitis, as preventive factors against alveolar bone loss by periodontitis. Bone resorption was assessed by morphometry. Antibacterial potential of violacein was assessed in an in vitro assay. Its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were evaluated using the Ames test and SOS Chromotest assay, respectively. RESULTS The potential of C. violaceum to prevent/limit bone resorption by periodontitis was confirmed. Daily exposure to 106 cells/ml in water intake since birth and only during the first 30 days of life significantly reduced bone loss from periodontitis in teeth with ligature. Violacein extracted from C. violaceum was efficient in inhibiting or limiting bone resorption and had a bactericidal effect against Porphyromonas gingivalis in the in vitro assay. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that C. violaceum and violacein have the potential to prevent or limit the progression of periodontal diseases, in an experimental model. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The effect of an environmental microorganism with potential action against bone loss in animal models with ligature-induced periodontitis represents the possibility of understanding the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases in populations exposed to C. violaceum and the possibility of new probiotics and antimicrobials. This would imply new preventive and therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi da Silva Barbirato
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology - Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, G1-003, Cidade Universitária, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Fampa Fogacci
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Taísa Coelho Guimarães
- Department of Integrated Clinic, Division of Periodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology Doris Rosenthal - Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Janine Cardoso Rurr
- Laboratory of Radiation in Biology - Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Julio Scharfstein
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology - Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Augusto da Costa Leitão
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology - Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, G1-003, Cidade Universitária, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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16
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Jung YH, Park JY, Kim HJ, Lee SM, Kim SH, Yun JH. Regenerative Potential of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7-Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ligature-Induced Periodontitis. Tissue Eng Part A 2023; 29:200-210. [PMID: 36565024 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral disease caused by bacterial infection that has stages according to the severity of tissue destruction. The advanced stage of periodontitis presents irreversible destruction of soft and hard tissues, which finally results in loss of teeth. When conventional treatment modalities show limited results, tissue regeneration therapy is required in patients with advanced periodontitis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) delivering bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) on tissue regeneration in a periodontitis model. BMP7 is a member of the BMP family that shows bone-forming ability; however, BMPs rapid clearing and degradation and unproven efficacy make it difficult to apply it in clinical dentistry. To overcome this, we established BMP7-expressing engineered BM-MSCs (BMP7-eBMSCs) that showed superior osteogenic differentiation potential when subcutaneously transplanted with a biphasic calcium phosphate scaffold into immunocompromised mice. Furthermore, the efficacy of BMP7-eBMSC transplantation for periodontal tissue regeneration was evaluated in a rat ligature-induced periodontitis model. Upon measuring two-dimensional and three-dimensional amounts of regenerated alveolar bone using microcomputed tomography, the amounts were found to be significantly higher in the BMP7-eBMSC transplantation group than in the eBMSC transplantation group. Most importantly, fibrous periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue regeneration was also achieved upon BMP7-eBMSC transplantation, which was evaluated by calculating the modified relative connective tissue attachment. The amount of connective tissue attachment in the BMP7-eBMSC transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the ligature-induced periodontitis group, although the increase was comparable between the BMP7-eBMSC and human PDL stem cell transplantation groups. Taken together, our results suggested that sustainable release of BMP7 induces periodontal tissue regeneration and that transplantation of BMP7-eBMSCs is a feasible treatment option for periodontal regeneration. Impact Statement Periodontitis is the second most common human dental disease affecting chronic systemic diseases. Despite the tremendous efforts trying to cure the damaged periodontal tissues using tissue engineering technologies, a definitive regenerative method has not been in consensus. Researchers are seeking more feasible and abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and furthermore, how to use reliable growth factors under more efficient control are the issues to be solved. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) gene delivering bone marrow-derived MSCs on periodontal tissue regeneration to evaluate the efficacy of BMP7 and engineered BMSCs for periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hun Jung
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Young Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Department of Research Institute, SL BIGEN, Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Min Lee
- Department of Research Institute, SL BIGEN, Inc., Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Yun
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Shin JW, Lee ER, Noh H, Kwak J, Gal JY, Park HJ, Kim S, Song HK, Seo K, Han BS. Novel Herbal Therapeutic YH23537 Improves Clinical Parameters in Ligature-Induced Periodontal Disease Model in Beagle Dogs. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:8130287. [PMID: 37159594 PMCID: PMC10163972 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8130287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, available medicine does not satisfy the clinical unmet needs of periodontal disease. Therefore, novel drugs with improved efficacy profiles are needed. We previously demonstrated that YH14642, water extracts of Notoginseng Radix and Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, improved probing depths in double-blind phase II clinical trial. However, it still has hurdles for commercialization due to the low efficiency of active compound extraction. To resolve this issue, we developed YH23537 through process optimization to extract active compounds efficiently while still achieving the chemical profile of YH14642. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of YH23537 compared with YH14642 using a canine model of ligature-induced periodontitis. Human gingival fibroblast (hGF) cells were treated with various concentrations of YH23537 or YH14642 with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hr. IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the conditioned media were determined using Luminex. Sixteen 3-year-old male beagle dogs had their teeth scaled and polished using a piezo-type ultrasonic scaler under general anesthesia and brushed once daily for the following 2 weeks. Two weeks after the scaling procedure, the left upper second premolar (PM2), third premolar (PM3), and fourth premolar (PM4) as well as the left lower PM3, PM4, and first molar (M1) were ligated with silk-wire twisted ligatures. The dogs were fed with soft moistened food to induce periodontitis for 8 weeks, and the ligatures were then removed. YH23537 and YH14642 were administered for 4 weeks, and clinical periodontal parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BoP) were determined before and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after treatment. YH23537 inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 secretion in a dose-dependent manner in hGF cells stimulated with LPS. The IC50 values for YH23537 were 43 and 54 μg/ml for IL-6 and IL-8, respectively, while the values for YH14642 were 104 and 117 μg/ml, respectively. In the animal study, clinical parameters including GI, PD, CAL, and BoP were significantly increased after 8 weeks of ligature-induced periodontitis. The YH23537 300 and YH23537 900 mg groups had significant improvements in CAL from 1 to 4 weeks after treatment in comparison to the placebo group. GR values in the YH23537 900 mg group were decreased throughout the treatment period. GI values were also reduced significantly after 4-week treatment with 300 and 900 mg of YH23537. YH23537 at 300 mg doses showed comparable efficacy for CAL and GR with 1,000 mg of YH14642. YH23537 showed therapeutic efficacy against periodontitis in dogs, mediated by anti-inflammatory effects. These findings indicate that YH23537 has the potential for further development as a new drug for patients suffering from periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Woo Shin
- Yuhan R&D Institute, 25 Tapsil-ro, 35 Beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 446-902, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Ri Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Noh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Kwak
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeong Gal
- Yuhan R&D Institute, 25 Tapsil-ro, 35 Beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 446-902, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Je Park
- Yuhan Natural Product R&D Center, Yuhan Care Co., Ltd., 25 Tapsil-ro, 35 Beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkyu Kim
- Yuhan R&D Institute, 25 Tapsil-ro, 35 Beon-gil, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 446-902, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Song
- Department of Bio Applied Toxicology, Toxicology Research Center, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-ro, 79 Beon-gil, Baebang-eup, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam–do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangmoon Seo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Han
- Department of Bio Applied Toxicology, Toxicology Research Center, Hoseo University, 20 Hoseo-ro, 79 Beon-gil, Baebang-eup, Asan-si, Chungcheongnam–do, Republic of Korea
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18
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Tang XZ, Li JY, Shi Q, Zhang HY, Zhang ZX, Song K, Lu XP, Cao YG, Du TF. Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma in the Treatment of Experimental Periodontitis in Beagle Dogs. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:1079-1087. [PMID: 36255663 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) in the treatment of experimental periodontitis in Beagle dogs. METHODS The APP jet was diagnosed using optical emission spectroscopy and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Six Beagles received stainless steel ligatures to establish experimental periodontitis model. The teeth in the control group were subjected to conventional root surface debridement (RSD) and chlorhexidine irrigation. The APP group also started with RSD and was then subjected to plasma irradiation. Clinical analyses including plaque index, modified sulcus bleeding index, pocket depth and attachment loss (AL), as well as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis, were performed at baseline, 4th week, 8th week and 12th week after treatment. RESULTS The results showed that typical reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were found in the full spectrum and the gas temperature of APP was close to room temperature. The highest concentrations of hydroxide and oxygen were obtained at 5 mm away from the nozzle. In both groups, all values in clinical examinations were significantly lower (P<0.05) at 12th week after treatment than those at baseline. At the 12th week, the AL in clinical examinations and the bone loss in CBCT images in the APP group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The hematoxylin-eosin staining showed more renascent alveolar bone in the APP group than in the control group. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that APP has profound potential for use as an adjunct approach for periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zhi Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia-Yin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Han-Yong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin-Pei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying-Guang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tian-Feng Du
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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19
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Bae JE, Hwang SM, Aryal YP, Kim TY, Sohn WJ, An SY, Kim JY, An CH, Lee Y, Kim YG, Park JW, Lee JM, Kim JY, Suh JY. Effects of erythropoietin on osteoblast in the tooth extraction socket in mice periodontitis model. Front Physiol 2022; 13:987625. [PMID: 36277197 PMCID: PMC9582603 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.987625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an excessive inflammatory event in tooth-supporting tissues and can cause tooth loss. We used erythropoietin (EPO), which has been reported to play an important role in bone healing and modulation of angiogenesis, as a therapeutic agent in vivo and in vitro experimental models to analyze its effect on periodontitis. First, EPO was applied to in vitro MC3T3-E1 cells and human periodontal ligament fibroblast (hPDLF) cells to examine its function in altered cellular events and gene expression patterns. In vitro cultivation of MC3T3-E1 and hPDLF cells with 10 IU/ml EPO at 24 and 48 h showed an obvious increase in cell proliferation. Interestingly, EPO treatment altered the expression of osteogenesis-related molecules, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and osteocalcin (OC) in MC3T3-E1 cells but not in hPDLF cells. In particular, MC3T3-E1 cells showed increased expression of ALP, BMP-2, and OC on day 5, while hPDLF cells showed increased expression of BMP-2, and OC on day 14. Based on the in vitro examination, we evaluated the effect of EPO on bone formation using an experimentally-induced animal periodontitis model. After the induction of periodontitis in the maxillary left second M, 10 IU/ml of EPO was locally applied to the extraction tooth sockets. Histomorphological examination using Masson’s trichrome (MTC) staining showed facilitated bone formation in the EPO-treated groups after 14 days. Similarly, stronger positive reactions against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and osteocalcin (OC) were detected in the EPO-treated group compared to the control. Meanwhile, myeloperoxidase, an inflammatory marker, was decreased in the EPO-treated group on days 1 and 5. Overall, EPO facilitates bone healing and regeneration through altered signaling regulation and modulation of inflammation in the osteoblast cell lineage and to a lesser extent in hPDLF cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Eun Bae
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sung-Min Hwang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yam Prasad Aryal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Wern-Joo Sohn
- Pre-Major of Cosmetics and Pharmaceutics, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Seo-Young An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hyeon An
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Mok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae-Young Kim, ; Jo-Young Suh,
| | - Jo-Young Suh
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae-Young Kim, ; Jo-Young Suh,
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20
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Shirakata Y, Imafuji T, Nakamura T, Shinohara Y, Iwata M, Setoguchi F, Noguchi K, Sculean A, Dent M. Cross-linked hyaluronic acid gel with or without a collagen matrix in the treatment of class III furcation defects: A histologic and histomorphometric study in dogs. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49:1079-1089. [PMID: 35817414 PMCID: PMC9796036 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To histologically evaluate the effects of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (xHyA) with or without a collagen matrix (CM) on periodontal wound healing/regeneration in class III furcation defects in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Class III furcation defects were surgically created in the mandibular premolars in six beagle dogs. The defects were randomly treated as follows: open flap debridement (OFD) + CM (CM), OFD + xHyA (xHyA), OFD + xHyA + CM (xHyA/CM) and OFD alone (OFD). At 10 weeks, the animals were euthanized for histological evaluation. RESULTS The newly formed bone areas in the xHyA (4.04 ± 1.51 mm2 ) and xHyA/CM (4.32 ± 1.14 mm2 ) groups were larger than those in the OFD (3.25 ± 0.81 mm2 ) and CM (3.31 ± 2.26 mm2 ) groups. The xHyA (6.25 ± 1.45 mm) and xHyA/CM (6.40 ± 1.35 mm) groups yielded statistically significantly (p < .05) greater formation of new connective tissue attachment (i.e., new cementum, with inserting connective tissue fibres) compared with the OFD (1.47 ± 0.85 mm) group. No significant differences were observed in any of the histomorphometric parameters between the xHyA and xHyA/CM groups. Complete furcation closure was not observed in any of the four treatment modalities. CONCLUSIONS Within their limits, the present results suggest that the use of xHyA with or without CM positively influences periodontal wound healing in surgically created, acute-type class III furcation defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Shirakata
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Takatomo Imafuji
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Yukiya Shinohara
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Masayuki Iwata
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Fumiaki Setoguchi
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of PeriodontologyKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshimaJapan
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental MedicineUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Med Dent
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Mutiara A, Sulijaya B, Masulili SLC, Bachtiar BM, Sumbayak IA, Tadjoedin FM, Wati P, Kartika D. Rodent Gingival Tissue Culture in an Aging Experimental Model: A Pilot Study. Open Dent J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2206274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Gingiva acts as a barrier to prevent further invasion of pathogens in periodontitis. The gingival structure consists of epithelial tissue and connective tissue. As the aging process continues, there are several changes in the periodontium. Previous studies have tried to investigate the complex interaction between the host immune system and bacteria by using animal models, especially rodents.
Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of collecting gingival tissue from the palate and retromolar pad.
Materials and Methods:
The aging experimental model had two age categories of male rodents of 18 and 58 weeks. Tissue was collected from the mandible retromolar pad and palate with full-thickness excision. Tissues were transferred to a complete medium at 4°C. Gingival tissue was cultured in a 37°C culture incubator at 5% CO2. Tissue proliferation was observed on the first, third, and fifth days using the hemocytometer. The cell metabolism rate between the two age categories was checked using the MTT Assay. Two-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
Gingival tissues obtained from the experimental models of two age categories were alive, and proliferation was observed. The old rodent group showed no significant result in terms of cell morphology on the first vs. third day (p>0.05), but significant results were found on the first vs. fifth day and third day vs. the fifth day (p<0.05). The young rodent group showed the most significant morphology changes between days. In both young and old categories, no significant difference was observed in the cell metabolism.
Conclusion:
Rodent gingival tissue collection from the retromolar pad and palate was found suitable for tissue culture in the aging experimental study.
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22
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dos Santos VRN, Motta JVDS, Frazão DR, Ferreira RDO, Souza-Monteiro D, Baia-da-Silva DC, Mendes PFS, Bittencourt LO, de Moura JDM, Lameira OA, Balbinot GDS, Collares FM, Rösing CK, Lima RR. Biological Activity of Copaiba in Damage to the Alveolar Bone in a Model of Periodontitis Induced in Rats. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196255. [PMID: 36234793 PMCID: PMC9572349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have investigated the effects of natural products in the treatment of diseases. Traditional Amazonian populations commonly use copaiba due to its well-known anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and healing properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of systemic administration of copaiba oleoresin (Copaifera reticulata Ducke) on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. To do so, 21 adult rats were divided into three groups (n = 7 each): a control group, ligature-induced periodontitis group, and ligature-induced periodontitis group treated with copaiba oleoresin (200 mg/kg/day). The ligature remained from day 0 to 14, and the copaiba oleoresin was administered via oral gavage during the last seven days. On day 14, the animals were euthanized, and mandibles were collected for histopathological evaluation and microcomputed tomography analysis. Our data showed that the administration of copaiba considerably reduced the inflammatory profile. Moreover, copaiba oleoresin limited alveolar bone loss, increased trabecular thickness and bone-to-tissue volume ratio, and decreased the number of trabeculae compared with those of the untreated experimental periodontitis group. Our findings provide pioneering evidence that supports the potential of copaiba oleoresin in reducing periodontitis-induced alveolar bone damage in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Ruan Neves dos Santos
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - João Victor da Silva Motta
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Deborah Ribeiro Frazão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Railson de Oliveira Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Deiweson Souza-Monteiro
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Daiane Claydes Baia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Fernando Santos Mendes
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - João Daniel Mendonça de Moura
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Osmar Alves Lameira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Souza Balbinot
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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23
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Design of a nanofibrous guided tissue regeneration carrier as a potential drug delivery system for tetracycline hydrochloride in the management of periodontitis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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24
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Wang Y, Xiao Q, Zhong W, Zhang C, Yin Y, Gao X, Song J. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes periodontal regeneration in a beagle model of furcation involvement. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:961898. [PMID: 36091440 PMCID: PMC9458930 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.961898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the regeneration potential of periodontitis tissue treated by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) combined with the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) technique in a beagle model of furcation involvement (FI).Background: Achieving predictable regeneration remains a clinical challenge for periodontitis tissue due to the compromised regenerative potential caused by chronic inflammation stimulation. LIPUS, an FDA-approved therapy for long bone fracture and non-unions, has been demonstrated effective in the in vitro attenuation of inflammation-induced dysfunction of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), the key cells contributing to periodontal regeneration. However, the in vivo effect of LIPUS on periodontitis tissue is rarely reported.Methods: A beagle model of FI was established, and the experimental teeth were randomly assigned into three groups: control group, GTR group, and GTR+LIPUS group. Radiographic examinations were performed, and clinical periodontal parameters were recorded to reflect the periodontal condition of different groups. Histological analyses using H&E and Masson’s staining were conducted to evaluate the periodontal tissue regeneration.Results: LIPUS could enhance new periodontal bone formation and bone matrix maturity in FI after GTR treatment. Moreover, clinical assessment and histomorphometric analyses revealed less inflammatory infiltration and superior vascularization within bone grafts in the LIPUS treatment group, indicating the anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects of LIPUS in FI.Conclusion: Our investigation on a large animal model demonstrated that LIPUS is a promising adjunctive approach for the regeneration of periodontitis tissue, paving a new avenue for LIPUS application in the field of periodontal regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyue Xiao
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjie Zhong
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuangwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Gao, ; Jinlin Song,
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang Gao, ; Jinlin Song,
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25
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Koskinen Holm C, Qu C. Engineering a 3D In Vitro Model of Human Gingival Tissue Equivalent with Genipin/Cytochalasin D. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137401. [PMID: 35806407 PMCID: PMC9266888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although three-dimensional (3D) co-culture of gingival keratinocytes and fibroblasts-populated collagen gel can mimic 3D structure of in vivo tissue, the uncontrolled contraction of collagen gel restricts its application in clinical and experimental practices. We here established a stable 3D gingival tissue equivalent (GTE) using hTERT-immortalized gingival fibroblasts (hGFBs)-populated collagen gel directly crosslinked with genipin/cytochalasin D and seeding hTERT-immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGKs) on the upper surface for a 2-week air–liquid interface co-culture. MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability of GTEs. GTE size was monitored following culture period, and the contraction was analyzed. Immunohistochemical assay was used to analyze GTE structure. qRT-PCR was conducted to examine the mRNA expression of keratinocyte-specific genes. Fifty µM genipin (G50) or combination (G + C) of G50 and 100 nM cytochalasin D significantly inhibited GTE contraction. Additionally, a higher cell viability appeared in GTEs crosslinked with G50 or G + C. GTEs crosslinked with genipin/cytochalasin D showed a distinct multilayered stratified epithelium that expressed keratinocyte-specific genes similar to native gingiva. Collagen directly crosslinked with G50 or G + C significantly reduced GTE contraction without damaging the epithelium. In summary, the TIGKs and hGFBs can successfully form organotypic multilayered cultures, which can be a valuable tool in the research regarding periodontal disease as well as oral mucosa disease. We conclude that genipin is a promising crosslinker with the ability to reduce collagen contraction while maintaining normal cell function in collagen-based oral tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Koskinen Holm
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Correspondence: (C.K.H.); (C.Q.)
| | - Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Correspondence: (C.K.H.); (C.Q.)
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26
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Ng MY, Lin T, Chao SC, Chu PM, Yu CC. Potential Therapeutic Applications of Natural Compounds in Diabetes-Associated Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133614. [PMID: 35806899 PMCID: PMC9267692 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major worldwide health burden. DM is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, and if left untreated, can lead to various complications. Individuals with uncontrolled DM are more susceptible to periodontitis due to both a hyper-inflammatory host response and an impaired immune response. Periodontitis, on the other hand, may exacerbate DM by increasing both local and systemic inflammatory components of DM-related complications. The current standard for periodontal treatment in diabetes-associated periodontitis (DP) focuses mostly on reducing bacterial load and less on controlling the excessive host response, and hence, may not be able to resolve DP completely. Over the past decade, natural compounds have emerged as an adjunct approach for modulating the host immune response with the hope of curing DP. The anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic characteristics of natural substances are well-known, and they can be found in regularly consumed foods and drinks, as well as plants. The pathophysiology of DP and the treatment benefits of various bioactive extracts for DP will be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yee Ng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.Y.N.); (T.L.)
| | - Taichen Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.Y.N.); (T.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yi-lan, Luodong 265501, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Chu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (M.Y.N.); (T.L.)
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2471-8668
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27
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Fang CH, Lin HY, Sun CK, Lin YW, Hung MC, Li CH, Lin IP, Chang HC, Sun JS, Chang JZC. Decoronation-induced infected alveolar socket defect rat model for ridge preservation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9940. [PMID: 35705614 PMCID: PMC9200756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Current rat alveolar ridge preservation models have not been well standardized. In this study, we proposed decoronation-induced infected alveolar socket model of rat. The bilateral maxillary first molars (M1) of twenty-four rats were decoronized or extracted. After 2, 6, 10, and 14 weeks, bone and soft tissue changes at M1 and periodontal conditions of maxillary second (M2) and third molars (M3) were evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histological analysis. Additional eighteen rats with standardized size defects were grafted with Bio-Oss Collagen to compare with unmanipulated contralateral side. Decoronation preserved greater bone and soft tissue dimensions at M1, provided larger three-dimensional (3D) bone contour volume, but also promoted periodontal breakdown of M2 Histological results showed intense inflammatory cell infiltrations and severe bone resorption within M1 socket and at mesial aspect of M2. The critical dimensions to accommodate largest standardized defect at M1 were 2.2-2.3 mm at vertical bone height and 2.8-3.2 mm at alveolar crestal width. Bio-Oss Collagen could not fully preserve buccal or palatal bone height but could be beneficial in preserving ridge width in large alveolar defects. Collectively, if periodontally-involved alveolar bone defect is preferred, we suggest extracting M1 roots 6 weeks after decoronation to allow periodontitis to occur at M2. If standardized critical dimension defect is preferred, we suggest extracting M1 roots 2 weeks after decoronation, and creating defect in the middle of M1 site with size no larger than 2.7 mm diameter to its full depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiang Fang
- Trauma and Emergency Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Xueshi Rd., North Dist., Taichung City, 404018, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ying Lin
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kai Sun
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chih Hung
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Li
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan
| | - I-Ping Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hisnchu Branch, No. 25, Lane 442, Sec. 1 Jingguo Rd., Hsinchu City, 30059, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chen Chang
- Gin Chen Dental Clinic, No. 31, Long Chiang Rd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Trauma and Emergency Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Xueshi Rd., North Dist., Taichung City, 404018, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, China Medical University-YingCai Campus, No. 91, Xueshi Rd., North Dist., Taichung City, 404333, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yu-Der Rd, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan. .,School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No 1, Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan.
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Gonzalez OA, Kirakodu S, Nguyen LM, Orraca L, Novak MJ, Gonzalez-Martinez J, Ebersole JL. Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns for Oral Epithelial Cell Functions in Periodontitis. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:863231. [PMID: 35677025 PMCID: PMC9169451 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.863231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and function of epithelial cells are critical for the construction and maintenance of intact epithelial surfaces throughout the body. Beyond the mechanical barrier functions, epithelial cells have been identified as active participants in providing warning signals to the host immune and inflammatory cells and in communicating various detailed information on the noxious challenge to help drive specificity in the characteristics of the host response related to health or pathologic inflammation. Rhesus monkeys were used in these studies to evaluate the gingival transcriptome for naturally occurring disease samples (GeneChip® Rhesus Macaque Genome Array) or for ligature-induced disease (GeneChip® Rhesus Gene 1.0 ST Array) to explore up to 452 annotated genes related to epithelial cell structure and functions. Animals were distributed by age into four groups: ≤ 3 years (young), 3–7 years (adolescent), 12–16 years (adult), and 18–23 years (aged). For naturally occurring disease, adult and aged periodontitis animals were used, which comprised 34 animals (14 females and 20 males). Groups of nine animals in similar age groups were included in a ligature-induced periodontitis experiment. A buccal gingival sample from either healthy or periodontitis-affected tissues were collected, and microarray analysis performed. The overall results of this investigation suggested a substantial alteration in epithelial cell functions that occurs rapidly with disease initiation. Many of these changes were prolonged throughout disease progression and generally reflect a disruption of normal cellular functions that would presage the resulting tissue destruction and clinical disease measures. Finally, clinical resolution may not signify biological resolution and represent a continued risk for disease that may require considerations for additional biologically specific interventions to best manage further disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio A. Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Sreenatha Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Linh M. Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Luis Orraca
- School of Dentistry, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Michael J. Novak
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Janis Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey L. Ebersole
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Ebersole JL, Nguyen LM, Gonzalez OA. Gingival tissue antibody gene utilization in aging and periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:780-798. [PMID: 35582846 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study used a nonhuman primate model of ligature-induced periodontitis to document the characteristics of immunoglobulin (Ig) gene usage in gingival tissues with disease and affected by age. BACKGROUND Adaptive immune responses to an array of oral bacteria are routinely detected in local gingival tissues and the systemic circulation across the human population. The level and diversity of antibody increases with periodontitis, reflecting the increased quantity of B cells and plasmacytes in the tissues at sites of periodontal lesions. METHODS Macaca mulatta (n = 36) in four groups (young - ≤3 years; adolescent >3-7 years; adult - 12-15 years; aged - 17-23 years) were used in this study. Gingival tissues were sampled at baseline (health), 2 weeks (initiation), 1 and 3 months (progression), and 5 months (resolution) of the lesion development and transcriptomic analysis included 78 Ig-related genes. RESULTS The results demonstrated extensive variation in Ig gene usage patterns and changes with the disease process that was substantially affected by the age of the animal. Of note was that the aged animals generally demonstrated elevated expression on multiple Ig genes even in the baseline/healthy gingival tissues. The expression levels revealed 5 aggregates of Ig gene change profiles across the age groups. The number of gene changes were greatly increased in adult animals with the initiation of disease, while the young and adolescent animals showed extensive changes with disease progression. Elevated Ig gene transcripts remained with disease resolution except in the aged animals. The response profiles demonstrated selective heavy/light change gene transcripts that differed with age and clustering of the transcript expression was dominated by the age of the animals. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested potential critical variations in the molecular aspects of Ig gene expression in gingival tissues that can contribute to understanding the kinetics of periodontal lesions, as well as the variation in episodes, rapidity of progression, and role in resolution that are impacted by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Linh M Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Octavio A Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Iliopoulos JM, Layrolle P, Apatzidou DA. Microbial-stem cell interactions in periodontal disease. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 35451943 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is initiated by hyper-inflammatory responses in the periodontal tissues that generate dysbiotic ecological changes within the microbial communities. As a result, supportive tissues of the tooth are damaged and periodontal attachment is lost. Gingival recession, formation of periodontal pockets with the presence of bleeding, and often suppuration and/or tooth mobility are evident upon clinical examination. These changes may ultimately lead to tooth loss. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are implicated in controlling periodontal disease progression and have been shown to play a key role in periodontal tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Evidence shows that MSCs interact with subgingival microorganisms and their by-products and modulate the activity of immune cells by either paracrine mechanisms or direct cell-to-cell contact. The aim of this review is to reveal the interactions that take place between microbes and in particular periodontal pathogens and MSCs in order to understand the factors and mechanisms that modulate the regenerative capacity of periodontal tissues and the ability of the host to defend against putative pathogens. The clinical implications of these interactions in terms of anti-inflammatory and paracrine responses of MSCs, anti-microbial properties and alterations in function including their regenerative potential are critically discussed based on literature findings. In addition, future directions to design periodontal research models and study ex vivo the microbial-stem cell interactions are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Iliopoulos
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- INSERM, ToNIC, Pavillon Baudot, CHU Purpan, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, UMR 1214, France
| | - Danae A Apatzidou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Comparative Testing of Two Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Models in Rats: A Clinical, Histological and Biochemical Study. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050634. [PMID: 35625362 PMCID: PMC9137742 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study is the first study comparing the same parameters of inflammation in two periodontal disease experimental models proposed by the literature and used in the research. The importance of the method used to induce periodontitis in animals resides in the efficacy of proposed technologies and treatments used in preclinical trials. The inflammatory markers Interleukin-1 alpha(IL-1α), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), the hematological analyses, and the histological probes showed a similar and reproducible periodontal inflammation for the molar induced periodontitis model. Ligation-induced periodontitis in rats has limitations and will never reproduce all aspects of periodontal disease in humans. The findings of this study with the complex association between clinical, biochemical, and histological aspects of the two experimental models of periodontal pathology induction in rats suggest that a similar periodontal pathology to the one we find in humans is best replicated in rats with the molar induced periodontitis model. Abstract Experimental animal models for studying the mechanisms of periodontitis and its links are a better alternative to in vitro studies. The aim of this study is to compare two ligature induced periodontitis models and validate the best one for further use in research. An experimental study was performed on male Wistar rats that were divided into three groups: Test 1 (n = 10), incisor ligated, Test 2 (n = 10), molar ligated, and Control (n = 10). The animals were clinically evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the experiment by recording body weight, gingival bleeding index, tooth mobility score, changes in color, and consistency of gingival tissue. Two blood samples were obtained for each animal at baseline and at the end of the experiment. The hematological parameters Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 α), high sensitive C Reactive Protein (hsCRP), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured. Seven days after the induction of periodontitis, the animals were sacrificed, and samples were prepared for histological evaluation. The results of this research demonstrated that the association between clinical, histological, and biochemical parameters initiate a periodontal pathology in the molar induced model in rats while the incisor experimental model initiates only a moderate and incomplete periodontal inflammation, mainly due to mechanical irritation.
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Jeon SJ, Lee Y, Keum BR, Choi EY, Choi IS, Kim SJ. Effect of telmisartan on experimental model of periodontitis in mice. Oral Dis 2022. [PMID: 35347812 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- So Jung Jeon
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Yohan Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Keum
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Jo Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea.,Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea.,Department of Dentistry, BHS Hanseo Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Pereira KKY, Jara CM, Antunes GL, Gomes MS, Rösing CK, Cavagni J, Haas AN. Effects of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammatory markers and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1411-1420. [PMID: 35289404 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about a synergistic effect of periodontitis and obesity on systemic biomarkers and a possible effect periodontal treatment may exert. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats. METHODS 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided in six groups differentiated by diet and periodontal status: no periodontitis (G1 and G4), untreated ligature-induced periodontitis (G2 and G5) and treated ligature-induced periodontitis (G3 and G6). Groups G4, G5 and G6 were exposed to cafeteria diet to induce obesity. Periodontitis was induced by silk ligatures over 4 weeks (G2, G3, G5, G6). Rats in G3 and G6 received scaling and root planning and were followed for additional 4 weeks. After sacrifice, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17a, tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol (TC) were compared between groups. RESULTS CRP was significantly higher in obese rats with than without periodontitis (G5 = 10.15μg/L vs. G4 = 4.47μg/L, p = 0.01). No beneficial effects of periodontal treatment were observed for CRP levels, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17a, TNF-α, glucose and triglycerides. Treated periodontitis (G6) exhibited significantly lower TC than the periodontitis group (G5) in obese rats. CONCLUSION Periodontitis increased serum CRP in obese rats, indicating a synergistic role of periodontitis in the systemic inflammatory burden triggered by obesity. The treatment of induced periodontitis reduced TC levels in obese rats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kimiko Yamashina Pereira
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Mireya Jara
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Assunción, Assunción, Paraguay
| | - Géssica Luana Antunes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maximiliano Schünke Gomes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Medical and Dental Center of the Military Police of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Cavagni
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Nogueira Haas
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Bommer C, Waller T, Hilbe M, Wiedemeier D, Meyer N, Mathes S, Jung R. Efficacy and safety of P 11-4 for the treatment of periodontal defects in dogs. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:3151-3166. [PMID: 35006293 PMCID: PMC8898238 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study’s aim was to investigate the safety and performance of a self-assembling peptide matrix (SAPM) P11-4 for the treatment of periodontal disease in a controlled pre-clinical study. Materials and methods Acute buccal bony dehiscence defects (LxW: 5 × 3 mm) were surgically created on the distal root of four teeth on one mandible side of 7 beagle dogs followed by another identical surgery 8 weeks later on the contralateral side. SAPM P11-4 (with and without root conditioning with 24% EDTA (T1, T2)), Emdogain® (C) and a sham intervention (S) were randomly applied on the four defects at each time point. Four weeks after the second surgery and treatment, the animals were sacrificed, the mandibles measured by micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) and sections of the tissue were stained and evaluated histologically. Results Clinically and histologically, no safety concerns or pathological issues due to the treatments were observed in any of the study groups at any time point. All groups showed overall similar results after 4 and 12 weeks of healing regarding new cementum, functionality of newly formed periodontal ligament and recovery of height and volume of the new alveolar bone and mineral density. Conclusion A controlled clinical study in humans should be performed in a next step as no adverse effects or safety issues, which might affect clinical usage of the product, were observed. Clinical relevance The synthetic SAPM P11-4 may offer an alternative to the animal-derived product Emdogain® in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00784-021-04297-6.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tobias Waller
- Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monika Hilbe
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology (LAMP), Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Wiedemeier
- Center of Dental Medicine, Statistical Services, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Meyer
- Department for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Mathes
- Department for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Ronald Jung
- Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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35
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Periodontal Cell Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:377-397. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vaernewyck V, Arzi B, Sanders NN, Cox E, Devriendt B. Mucosal Vaccination Against Periodontal Disease: Current Status and Opportunities. Front Immunol 2021; 12:768397. [PMID: 34925337 PMCID: PMC8675580 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 9 out of 10 adults have some form of periodontal disease, an infection-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues. The initial form, gingivitis, often remains asymptomatic, but this can evolve into periodontitis, which is typically associated with halitosis, oral pain or discomfort, and tooth loss. Furthermore, periodontitis may contribute to systemic disorders like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Control options remain nonspecific, time-consuming, and costly; largely relying on the removal of dental plaque and calculus by mechanical debridement. However, while dental plaque bacteria trigger periodontal disease, it is the host-specific inflammatory response that acts as main driver of tissue destruction and disease progression. Therefore, periodontal disease control should aim to alter the host's inflammatory response as well as to reduce the bacterial triggers. Vaccines may provide a potent adjunct to mechanical debridement for periodontal disease prevention and treatment. However, the immunopathogenic complexity and polymicrobial aspect of PD appear to complicate the development of periodontal vaccines. Moreover, a successful periodontal vaccine should induce protective immunity in the oral cavity, which proves difficult with traditional vaccination methods. Recent advances in mucosal vaccination may bridge the gap in periodontal vaccine development. In this review, we offer a comprehensive overview of mucosal vaccination strategies to induce protective immunity in the oral cavity for periodontal disease control. Furthermore, we highlight the need for additional research with appropriate and clinically relevant animal models. Finally, we discuss several opportunities in periodontal vaccine development such as multivalency, vaccine formulations, and delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Vaernewyck
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
- Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures (VIRC) School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Niek N. Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Eric Cox
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Aguirre JI, Castillo EJ, Kimmel DB. Preclinical models of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Bone 2021; 153:116184. [PMID: 34520898 PMCID: PMC8743993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a potentially severe adverse event affecting patients with cancer and patients with osteoporosis who have been treated with powerful antiresorptives (pARs) or angiogenesis inhibitors (AgIs). pARs, including nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs; e.g., zoledronic acid, alendronate) and anti-RANKL antibodies (e.g., denosumab), are used to manage bone metastases in patients with cancer or to prevent fragility fractures in patients with osteoporosis. Though significant advances have been made in understanding MRONJ, its pathophysiology is still not fully elucidated. Multiple species have been used in preclinical MRONJ research, including the rat, mouse, rice rat, rabbit, dog, sheep, and pig. Animal research has contributed immensely to advancing the MRONJ field, particularly, but not limited to, in developing models and investigating risk factors that were first observed in humans. MRONJ models have been developed using clinically relevant doses of systemic risk factors, like N-BPs, anti-RANKL antibodies, or AgIs. Specific local oral risk factors first noted in humans, including tooth extraction and inflammatory dental disease (e.g., periodontitis, periapical infection, etc.), were then added. Research in rodents, particularly the rat, and, to some extent, the mouse, across multiple laboratories, has contributed to establishing multiple relevant and complementary preclinical models. Models in larger species produced accurate clinical and histopathologic outcomes suggesting a potential role for confirming specific crucial findings from rodent research. We view the current state of animal models for MRONJ as good. The rodent models are now reliable enough to produce large numbers of MRONJ cases that could be applied in experiments testing treatment modalities. The course of MRONJ, including stage 0 MRONJ, is characterized well enough that basic studies of the molecular or enzyme-level findings in different MRONJ stages are possible. This review provides a current overview of the existing models of MRONJ, their more significant features and findings, and important instances of their application in preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - E J Castillo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - D B Kimmel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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Woo HN, Cho YJ, Tarafder S, Lee CH. The recent advances in scaffolds for integrated periodontal regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3328-3342. [PMID: 33817414 PMCID: PMC7985477 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The periodontium is an integrated, functional unit of multiple tissues surrounding and supporting the tooth, including but not limited to cementum (CM), periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone (AB). Periodontal tissues can be destructed by chronic periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss. In support of the treatment for periodontally diseased tooth, various biomaterials have been applied starting as a contact inhibition membrane in the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) that is the current gold standard in dental clinic. Recently, various biomaterials have been prepared in a form of tissue engineering scaffold to facilitate the regeneration of damaged periodontal tissues. From a physical substrate to support healing of a single type of periodontal tissue to multi-phase/bioactive scaffold system to guide an integrated regeneration of periodontium, technologies for scaffold fabrication have emerged in last years. This review covers the recent advancements in development of scaffolds designed for periodontal tissue regeneration and their efficacy tested in vitro and in vivo. Pros and Cons of different biomaterials and design parameters implemented for periodontal tissue regeneration are also discussed, including future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Solaiman Tarafder
- Center for Dental and Craniofacial Research, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168 St., VC12-212, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Chang H. Lee
- Center for Dental and Craniofacial Research, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168 St., VC12-212, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Lu S, Ren X, Guo T, Cao Z, Sun H, Wang C, Wang F, Shu Z, Hao J, Gui S, Lei C, Zhang J. Controlled release of iodine from cross-linked cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks for prolonged periodontal pocket therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118187. [PMID: 34119155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic system to periodontitis was designed using cross-linked cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (COF) as carrier for iodine and further suspended in hydroxyethyl cellulose gel as I2@COF-HEC hydrogel. Inclusion of iodine within the COF was demonstrated by SR-FTIR spectral and characteristic DSC and TGA changes. Molecular modelling identified the interaction of iodine with both COF central cavity and individual cyclodextrin moieties of COF. In vitro results of study demonstrated that iodine release in artificial saliva from I2@COF-HEC hydrogel could be extended up to 5 days, which was slower than I2@COF particles. Using an in vivo rat model of periodontitis, micro-computed tomography of alveolar bone morphology demonstrated that I2@COF-HEC hydrogel showed similar effects in decreasing periodontal pocket depth and alveolar bone resorption to minocycline ointment, a periodontitis antibiotic. The I2@COF-HEC hydrogel is a novel local delivery device of iodine as a broad spectrum antimicrobial use for treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Lu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaohong Ren
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zeying Cao
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Caifen Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zixuan Shu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jinghua Hao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chuanhu Lei
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Jiwen Zhang
- Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis on Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells - Bovine Teeth Scaffold Composites for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.52.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tissue engineering approach for periodontal tissue regeneration using a combination of stem cells and scaffold has been vastly developed. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) seeded with Bovine Teeth Scaffold (BTSc) can repair alveolar bone damage in periodontitis cases. The alveolar bone regeneration process was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) to observe the structure of bone growth and to visualize the scaffold in 3-Dimensional (3D). The purpose of this study is to analyze alveolar bone regeneration by µ-CT following the combination of MSCs and bovine teeth scaffold (MSCs-BTSc) implantation in the Wistar rat periodontitis model. Methods. MSCs were cultured from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells of rats. BTSc was taken from bovine teeth and freeze-dried with a particle size of 150-355 µm. MSCs were seeded on BTSc for 24 hours and transplanted in a rat model of periodontitis. Thirty-five Wistar rats were made as periodontitis models with LPS induction from P. gingivalis injected to the buccal section of interproximal gingiva between the first and the second mandibular right-molar teeth for six weeks. There were seven groups (control group, BTSc group on day 7, BTSc group on day 14, BTSc group on day 28, MSCs-BTSc group on day 7, MSCs-BTSc group on day 14, MSCs-BTSc group on day 28). The mandibular alveolar bone was analyzed and visualized in 3D with µ-CT to observe any new bone growth. Statistical Analysis. Group data were subjected to the Kruskal Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney (p <0.05). The µ-CT qualitative analysis shows a fibrous structure, which indicates the existence of new bone regeneration. Quantitative analysis of the periodontitis model showed a significant difference between the control model and the model with the alveolar bone resorption (p <0.05). The bone volume and density measurements revealed that the MSCs-BTSc group on day 28 formed new bone compared to other groups (p <0.05). Administration of MSCs-BTSc combination has the potential to form new alveolar bone.
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AlOtaibi NM, Dunne M, Ayoub AF, Naudi KB. A novel surgical model for the preclinical assessment of the osseointegration of dental implants: a surgical protocol and pilot study results. J Transl Med 2021; 19:276. [PMID: 34183031 PMCID: PMC8240288 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental implants are considered the gold standard replacement for missing natural teeth. The successful clinical performance of dental implants is due to their ability to osseointegrate with the surrounding bone. Most dental implants are manufactured from Titanium and it alloys. Titanium does however have some shortcomings so alternative materials are frequently being investigated. Effective preclinical studies are essential to transfer the innovations from the benchtop to the patients. Many preclinical studies are carried out in the extra-oral bones of small animal models to assess the osseointegration of the newly developed materials. This does not simulate the oral environment where the dental implants are subjected to several factors that influence osseointegration; therefore, they can have limited clinical value. AIM This study aimed to develop an appropriate in-vivo model for dental implant research that mimic the clinical setting. The study evaluated the applicability of the new model and investigated the impact of the surgical procedure on animal welfare. MATERIALS AND METHODS The model was developed in male New Zealand white rabbits. The implants were inserted in the extraction sockets of the secondary incisors in the maxilla. The model allows a split-mouth comparative analysis. The implants' osseointegration was assessed clinically, radiographically using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT), and histologically. A randomised, controlled split-mouth design was conducted in 6 rabbits. A total of twelve implants were inserted. In each rabbit, two implants; one experimental implant on one side, and one control implant on the other side were applied. Screw-shaped implants were used with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 2 mm. RESULTS All the rabbits tolerated the surgical procedure well. The osseointegration was confirmed clinically, histologically and radiographically. Quantitative assessment of bone volume and mineral density was measured in the peri-implant bone tissues. The findings suggest that the new preclinical model is excellent, facilitating a comprehensive evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants in translational research pertaining to the human application. CONCLUSION The presented model proved to be safe, reproducible and required basic surgical skills to perform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura M AlOtaibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Glasgow University Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G23JZ, UK.,Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Dunne
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Ashraf F Ayoub
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Glasgow University Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G23JZ, UK
| | - Kurt B Naudi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Glasgow University Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G23JZ, UK.
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Oral Bone Tissue Regeneration: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome, and Biomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105236. [PMID: 34063438 PMCID: PMC8156243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, tissue engineering has become one of the most studied medical fields. Even if bone shows self-remodeling properties, in some cases, due to injuries or anomalies, bone regeneration can be required. In particular, oral bone regeneration is needed in the dentistry field, where the functional restoration of tissues near the tooth represents a limit for many dental implants. In this context, the application of biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appears promising for bone regeneration. This review focused on in vivo studies that evaluated bone regeneration using biomaterials with MSCs. Different biocompatible biomaterials were enriched with MSCs from different sources. These constructs showed an enhanced bone regenerative power in in vivo models. However, we discussed also a future perspective in tissue engineering using the MSC secretome, namely the conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles. This new approach has already shown promising results for bone tissue regeneration in experimental models.
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El-dien AMS, Fathy S, El-din YA. Potential Bone Regenerative Effects of DFDBA, Simvastatin and Platelet Rich Fibrin, Radiographically and Histologically of Intra-Bony Periodontal Defects in White New Zealand Rabbits. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate and to compare the regenerative power of simvastatin, Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA) allograft, platelets rich Fibrin (PRF), and a combination of these materials radiographically and histologically in the intra-bony periodontal defects in white New Zealand rabbits.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 54 defects in 27 adult male rabbits (n = 27) which were divided into three groups according to the follow-up preplanned scheduled for 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The selected materials were induced as following: A=DFDBA, B=Simvastatin, C= PRF, D=A+C, E=B+C, and F=negative (control group). The intra-bony periodontal defects were induced as the form of one osseous wall defect of 10 mm height, 4 mm depth between the first and the second molars. Then, samples were prepared for histological evaluation. Radiographic assessment was done using computed tomography radiography which was carried at different time intervals as the following baseline, 1, 2, and 3 weeks later. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA.
RESULTS: After evaluating the results, macroanatomy, radiographically, and histologically, it is thus confirmed that DFDBA allograft combined with PRF create the best bone regenerative results, followed by DFDBA, Simvastatin, simvastatin+ PRF, control group, and finally PRF.
CONCLUSION: All of the materials examined in this study showed different percentage in terms of bone density and bone regenerative effects. However, the best results for bone density of the DFDBA + PRF group were recorded after 3 weeks. Thus, the study concludes that a combination of DFDBA + PRF reflects the best properties of both materials in terms of bone density results of the defect. Such results are particularly significant for the selection of bone regeneration materials, and generally, for periodontal regeneration.
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Castillo EJ, Messer JG, Abraham AM, Jiron JM, Alekseyenko AV, Israel R, Thomas S, Gonzalez-Perez GM, Croft S, Gohel A, Bhattacharyya I, Yarrow JF, Novince CM, Kimmel DB, Aguirre JI. Preventing or controlling periodontitis reduces the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in rice rats (Oryzomys palustris). Bone 2021; 145:115866. [PMID: 33515777 PMCID: PMC8265021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an adverse event that requires association of both systemic risk factors, such as powerful anti-resorptives (pARs; e.g. zoledronic acid [ZOL]), and local oral risk factors (e.g. tooth extraction, periodontitis). Whereas optimal oral health prior to initiate pARs is recognized as critically important for minimizing ONJ risk, the efficacy of preventive/maintenance measures in patients who are taking pARs is understudied. Rice rats fed a standard diet (STD), rich in insoluble fiber, develop localized periodontitis. STD-rats with localized periodontitis treated with ZOL for 18-24 wk develop ONJ. Hence, we hypothesized that controlling/preventing localized periodontitis in the ZOL-treated rats, reduces ONJ occurrence. METHODS We used two approaches to attempt reducing periodontitis prevalence: 1) periodontal cleaning (PC); and 2) replacing the STD-diet with a nutritionally-equivalent diet high in soluble fiber (SF). 75 four-week-old male rats were weight-randomized into five groups (n = 15) in a 24-week experiment. Three groups ate the STD-diet and two the high SF-diet. STD-diet groups received intravenous (IV) vehicle (VEH) q4wks (STD + VEH), 80 μg/kg ZOL q4wks IV (STD + ZOL), or ZOL plus PC q2wks (STD + ZOL + PC). The SF-diet groups received VEH (SF + VEH) or ZOL (SF + ZOL). Jaws were processed for histopathology and evaluated for ONJ prevalence and tissue-level periodontitis. RESULTS 1) 40% of STD + VEH rats developed maxillary localized periodontitis with no ONJ; 2) 50% of STD + ZOL rats developed ONJ; 3) 7% of STD + ZOL + PC rats developed ONJ (p < 0.01 vs. STD + ZOL); and 4) one SF + ZOL rat developed localized periodontitis, and no SF + VEH or SF + ZOL rats developed ONJ (p < 0.001 vs. STD + ZOL). CONCLUSIONS 1) Periodontal cleaning in ZOL-treated rats decreases localized periodontitis severity and reduces ONJ prevalence; and 2) feeding a SF-diet to ZOL-treated rats reduces both incidence of localized periodontitis and ONJ. Our data indicates strong oral microbial community shifts according to oral health condition and trends in the shifts associated with diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Castillo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - J G Messer
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - A M Abraham
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - J M Jiron
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - A V Alekseyenko
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Department of Healthcare Leadership and Management, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America.
| | - R Israel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - S Thomas
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - G M Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - S Croft
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - A Gohel
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, UF, United States of America.
| | - I Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, UF, United States of America.
| | - J F Yarrow
- VA Medical Center, Research Service, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, UF College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - C M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina College of Dental Medicine, Charleston, SC, United States of America.
| | - D B Kimmel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - J I Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
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Iova GM, Calniceanu H, Popa A, Szuhanek CA, Marcu O, Ciavoi G, Scrobota I. The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051332. [PMID: 33801378 PMCID: PMC7958623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda M. Iova
- Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania; (G.M.I.); (G.C.); (I.S.)
| | - Horia Calniceanu
- Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Periodontal and Periimplant Diseases Research Center “Prof. Dr. Anton Sculean”, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (A.P.); Tel.: +40-745-322-649 (H.C.); +40-751-119-437 (A.P.)
| | - Adelina Popa
- Department of Orthodontics, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Orthodontic Research Center (ORTHO-CENTER), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (A.P.); Tel.: +40-745-322-649 (H.C.); +40-751-119-437 (A.P.)
| | - Camelia A. Szuhanek
- Department of Orthodontics, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Orthodontic Research Center (ORTHO-CENTER), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Olivia Marcu
- Preclinics Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Gabriela Ciavoi
- Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania; (G.M.I.); (G.C.); (I.S.)
| | - Ioana Scrobota
- Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410068 Oradea, Romania; (G.M.I.); (G.C.); (I.S.)
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Imber JC, Bosshardt DD, Stähli A, Saulacic N, Deschner J, Sculean A. Pre-clinical evaluation of the effect of a volume-stable collagen matrix on periodontal regeneration in two-wall intrabony defects. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:560-569. [PMID: 33471389 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To histologically evaluate the effect of a new collagen matrix on periodontal regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two-wall intrabony defects were surgically created bilaterally distally to the maxillary first and third pre-molars in beagle dogs. The defects were randomly allocated to open flap debridement either with (test) or without (control) a volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX). After 12 weeks, the dogs were euthanized, and the specimens histologically processed. Descriptive, histomorphometrical (vertical gain of periodontal tissues) and statistical analyses were then performed. RESULTS Healing was uneventful in most cases. Residual VCMX was still present and showed integration into new bone, new periodontal ligament, connective tissue and, in some specimens, into new cementum. Periodontal regeneration occurred to a varying extent in both groups. New continuous cementum and new bone formation were statistically significantly greater in the test group (4.12 mm and 3.28 mm, respectively) than in the control group (1.54 mm and 2.47 mm, respectively) (p = .009 and p = .037, respectively). The junctional epithelium was longer in the control group (2.21 mm) than in the test group (1.49 mm, p = .16). CONCLUSION The present results have for the first time provided histologic evidence for the potential of this novel VCMX to facilitate periodontal regeneration thus warranting further pre-clinical and clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Daniel Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - James Deschner
- Department of Periodontology and Operative Dentistry, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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El-Gendy R, Junaid S, Lam SKL, Elson KM, Tipper JL, Hall RM, Ingham E, Kirkham J. Developing a Tooth in situ Organ Culture Model for Dental and Periodontal Regeneration Research. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:581413. [PMID: 33537288 PMCID: PMC7848152 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.581413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we have realized the need for an organ culture tooth in situ model to simulate the tooth structure especially the tooth attachment apparatus. The importance of such a model is to open avenues for investigating regeneration of the complex tooth and tooth attachment tissues and to reduce the need for experimental animals in investigating dental materials and treatments in the future. The aim of this study was to develop a porcine tooth in situ organ culture model and a novel bioreactor suitable for future studies of periodontal regeneration, including application of appropriate physiological loading. The Objectives of this study was to establish tissue viability, maintenance of tissue structure, and model sterility after 1 and 4 days of culture. To model diffusion characteristics within the organ culture system and design and develop a bioreactor that allows tooth loading and simulation of the chewing cycle. Methods: Twenty-one porcine first molars were dissected aseptically in situ within their bony sockets. Twelve were used to optimize sterility and determine tissue viability. The remainder were used in a 4-day organ culture study in basal medium. Sterility was determined for medium samples and swabs taken from all tissue components, using standard aerobic and anaerobic microbiological cultures. Tissue viability was determined at days 1 and 4 using an XTT assay and Glucose consumption assays. Maintenance of structure was confirmed using histology and histomorphometric analysis. Diffusion characteristics were investigated using micro-CT combined with finite element modeling. A suitable bioreactor was designed to permit longer term culture with application of mechanical loading to the tooth in situ. Result: XTT and Glucose consumption assays confirmed viability throughout the culture period for all tissues investigated. Histological and histomorphometric analysis confirmed maintenance of tissue structure. Clear microbiological cultures indicated maintenance of sterility within the organ culture system. The novel bioreactor showed no evidence of medium contamination after 4 days of culture. Finite element modeling indicated nutrient availability to the periodontium. Conclusion: A whole tooth in situ organ culture system was successfully maintained over 4 days in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sarah Junaid
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen K. L. Lam
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Karen M. Elson
- Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (IMBE), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L. Tipper
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (IMBE), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard M. Hall
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Ingham
- Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (IMBE), University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Kirkham
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Soares EL, Dos Santos FA, Mroczek T, de Lima DC, Josefino HVB, da Silva LAB, Mecca LEA, Franco GCN. Effect of caloric restriction on alveolar bone loss in rats. Life Sci 2021; 269:119067. [PMID: 33465390 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tayline Mroczek
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Varotto BLR, Martinez RCR, Gouveia FV, Antunes GF, Fabri GMDC, Ballester G, Antequera R, de Siqueira SRDT, Fonoff ET, Teixeira MJ, de Siqueira JTT. Increased Anxiety-Like Behavior in the Acute Phase of a Preclinical Model of Periodontal Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 11:598851. [PMID: 33414759 PMCID: PMC7782965 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.598851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is an infectious-inflammatory oral disease that is highly prevalent among adolescence and adulthood and can lead to chronic orofacial pain and be associated with anxiety, stress and depression. This study aimed to identify anxiety-like behaviors in the ligature-induced murine preclinical model of PD in different phases of the disease (i.e., acute vs. chronic). Also, we investigated orofacial mechanical allodynia thresholds and superficial cortical plasticity along the orofacial motor cortex in both disease phases. To this aim, 25 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated in acute (14 days) or chronic (28 days) ligature-induced-PD groups and further divided into active-PD or sham-PD. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated using the elevated plus maze, mechanical allodynia assessed using the von Frey filaments test and superficial motor cortex mapping was performed with electrical transdural stimulation. We observed increased anxiety-like behavior in active-PD animals in the acute phase, characterized by decreased number of entries into the open arm extremities [t(1,7) = 2.42, p = 0.04], and reduced time spent in the open arms [t(1,7) = 3.56, p = 0.01] and in the open arm extremities [t(1,7) = 2.75, p = 0.03]. There was also a reduction in the mechanical allodynia threshold in all active-PD animals [Acute: t(1,7) = 8.81, p < 0.001; Chronic: t(1,6) = 60.0, p < 0.001], that was positively correlated with anxiety-like behaviors in the acute group. No differences were observed in motor cortex mapping. Thus, our findings show the presence of anxiety-like behaviors in the acute phase of PD making this a suitable model to study the impact of anxiety in treatment response and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Luiza Roim Varotto
- Dental Team, and Dental Research Group on Pain and Mental Health of Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Chacon Ruiz Martinez
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sirio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Medicine, LIM/23 - Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Venetucci Gouveia
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sirio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Geiza Fernanda Antunes
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sirio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Medicine, LIM/23 - Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Ballester
- School of Medicine, City of São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reynaldo Antequera
- Dental Team, and Dental Research Group on Pain and Mental Health of Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Erich Talamoni Fonoff
- Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira
- Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Tadeu Tesseroli de Siqueira
- Dental Team, and Dental Research Group on Pain and Mental Health of Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pain Center and Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Orofacial Pain Team, Dentistry Division, School of Medicine, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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50
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Catunda RQ, Ho KKY, Patel S, Febbraio M. A 2-plane micro-computed tomographic alveolar bone measurement approach in mice. Imaging Sci Dent 2021; 51:389-398. [PMID: 34987999 PMCID: PMC8695470 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20210058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study introduces a standardized 2-plane approach using 8 landmarks to assess alveolar bone levels in mice using micro-computed tomography. Materials and Methods Bone level differences were described as distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar bone crest (ABC) and as percentages of vertical bone height and vertical bone loss, comparing mice infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) to controls. Eight measurements were obtained per tooth: 2 in the sagittal plane (mesial and distal) and 6 in the coronal plane (mesiobuccal, middle-buccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, middle-lingual, and distolingual). Results Significant differences in the CEJ-to-ABC distance between Pg-infected mice and controls were found in the coronal plane (middle-lingual, mesiobuccal, and distolingual for the first molar; and mesiobuccal, middle-buccal, and distolingual for the second molar). In the sagittal plane, the distal measurement of the second molar was different. The middle-buccal, mesiobuccal, and distolingual sites of the first and second molars showed vertical bone loss relative to controls; the second molar middle-lingual site was also different. In the sagittal plane, the mesial sites of the first and second molars and the distal site of the second molar showed loss. Significantly different vertical bone height percentages were found for the mesial and distal sites of the second molar (sagittal plane) and the middle-lingual and distolingual sites of the first molar(coronal plane). Conclusion A reliable, standardized technique for linear periodontal assessments in mice is described. Alveolar bone loss occurred mostly on the lingual surface of the coronal plane, which is often omitted in studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Queiroz Catunda
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen Ka-Yan Ho
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Srushti Patel
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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