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Ogle OE. Controversies in Dental Traumatology. Dent Clin North Am 2024; 68:151-165. [PMID: 37951631 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The management of traumatic dental injuries is more a shade of gray than it is black and white because not all treatment procedures used for dental trauma management are fully evidence based. This chapter has highlighted some of the gray areas related to the treatment and outcome of traumatic dental injuries. Significant controversies in the management of luxation and avulsive injuries have been brought out. Adjunctive treatment such as antibiotic usage, tetanus vaccination, and pain management is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orrett E Ogle
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Woodhull Hospital, Brooklyn, NY 11206, USA.
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Arbuckle L, Alani A, Calvert G. Dental trauma: assessment and acute management of fractures. Prim Dent J 2023; 12:36-46. [PMID: 38018681 DOI: 10.1177/20501684231212376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Acute dental trauma is unscheduled and presents infrequently to the majority of practitioners. Therefore, a consistent, logical and systematic process for examination, prioritisation and management is imperative for all sustained injuries to have an optimal outcome. Fractures are a frequent sequela to dental trauma and can involve any aspect of the tooth structure or supporting alveolar bone. While some minor crown fractures may initially seem inconsequential, they may be a subtle indication to a more serious underlying root fracture. Concomitant injuries and injuries that have been initially missed are generally associated with poorer outcomes. The time sensitive management of traumatic dental injuries aims to preserve pulpal and periodontal health where possible. The follow up period for tooth or alveolar fractures are important to allow for early intervention if pathology develops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Arbuckle
- Lewis Arbuckle BDS, MFDS RCPSG Dental Core Trainee, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- Aws Alani BDS, MFDS, MSc, FDSRCS, LLM, MFDT, FHEA Consultant in Restorative Dentistry King's College Hospital, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Gareth Calvert BDS, MFDS, MRes, FDS (Rest Dent.), RCPSG Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aws Alani
- Lewis Arbuckle BDS, MFDS RCPSG Dental Core Trainee, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- Aws Alani BDS, MFDS, MSc, FDSRCS, LLM, MFDT, FHEA Consultant in Restorative Dentistry King's College Hospital, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Gareth Calvert BDS, MFDS, MRes, FDS (Rest Dent.), RCPSG Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gareth Calvert
- Lewis Arbuckle BDS, MFDS RCPSG Dental Core Trainee, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
- Aws Alani BDS, MFDS, MSc, FDSRCS, LLM, MFDT, FHEA Consultant in Restorative Dentistry King's College Hospital, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Gareth Calvert BDS, MFDS, MRes, FDS (Rest Dent.), RCPSG Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow, UK
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REIS NTDA, João Lucas Carvalho PAZ, PARANHOS LR, BERNARDINO ÍDM, MOURA CCG, IRIE MS, SOARES PBF. Use of platelet-rich fibrin for bone repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e129. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ghorbani F, Khalili M, Ahmadi H. The evaluation of alveolar fractures of trauma patients in Iran. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:499. [PMID: 34615508 PMCID: PMC8495985 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar bone plays a vital role in mastication and supporting the teeth. The alveolar process is one of the most challenging regions of facial bone to reconstruct due to the deformity involves both hard and soft tissues. However, the etiology, gender, and age distribution vary between different regions, cultures, and countries. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of alveolar trauma in Shahid Rajaee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, for three years. METHODS In a retrospective cross-sectional study, patients with alveolar fractures referred to Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Shiraz were included in the study. Age, sex, site of alveolar fractures, and etiology factors of trauma explored. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software. Mean [Formula: see text] SD calculated for the inferential statistics, and the data compared using Chi-square and Exact Fisher. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant with a 95% reliability. RESULTS A total of 165 patients had alveolar fractures in this study. We found that the most common cause of alveolar fracture was road accidents (32.3%) and the lowest reason was violence (9%). Most people with alveolar trauma were male and in the 21-30 years. The prevalence of mandibular and maxillary alveolar fractures was 17.61 and 17.01%, respectively, with the most anterior area of injury. CONCLUSION Alveolar trauma is one of the most common injuries among trauma patients. Early diagnosis and treatment plans are necessary to reduce the complications of facial trauma. Early training for a young adult is essential to prevent the severity of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ghorbani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khalili
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hanie Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Mahanani ES, Ulzanah FA. Efficacy of Incorporation Platelet Rich Plasma into Gelatine Hydrogel Scaffold between Impregnated and Drop Method. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20214105002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue Engineering which involve three main component such as scaffold, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and cells is expected to support in bone regeneration. Gelatin hidrogel scaffold is planted have a function as cell environment and PRP provide growth factor to support differentiation of cells. The success of tissue engineering is affected by number of PRP which is contained in scaffold. The purpose of this study is to compare the incorporation process between impregnated and drop method to gelatin hidrogel scaffold. PRP was prepared from three donors of whole blood, and twice sentrifugation by 450 rcf for 5 minutes and 1500 rcf for 7 minutes. PRP was incorporated into 3 gelatin hidrogel scaffolds for each methods. The remnant of PRP which didn’t incorporate were calculated the number of platelet with giemsa stainning. Platelet which loaded were the reduction result of number platelet before incorporate with platelet remnant. Data of the result were analyzed using independent sample t test. Result show the significant was 0.262 (p>0.05) there’s no significane different between impregnated and drop method for incorporating PRP into gelatin hidrogel scaffold. The number of platelet which incorporated in gelatin hidrogel scaffold were effected by characteristic of scaffold such as structure, interface adherence, porosity and swelling ability. The good characteristic of scaffold could be obtain from synthesis and good fabrication technique.
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Paz JLC, Soares CJ, Rodrigues JF, de Araújo Almeida G, Soares PBF. Fractured alveolar process displacement evaluation-Effect of the rigidity of wire-composite splints. Dent Traumatol 2020; 37:247-255. [PMID: 33185332 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS Traumatic dental injuries with bone fractures require rigid splinting. The degree of rigidity of the wire-composite splints can be challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rigidity of different wire-composite splints on alveolar process displacement. MATERIAL AND METHODS A model was created using polystyrene resin to simulate the anterior maxilla, bovine incisors to simulate maxillary incisors, and polyether impression material to simulate the periodontal ligament. An alveolar process fracture was created, while maintaining the labial bone connection with the PDL. Four wire-composite splints (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm in diameter) were compared with models without splints and with no fracture (n = 5). The alveolar process displacement was measured (3 times per model/per splint type) at the fractured and adjacent central incisor regions using a deflectometer (Instron) under functional cycling and static loading (100 N). Data (μm) were analyzed using RM ANOVA, followed by Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The displacement at the region of the adjacent incisor was not influenced by the splint during static and cycling load (P > .05). The Tukey test demonstrated that the model without splints had significantly higher alveolar process displacement at the traumatized teeth than that of all other splint models (P < .001). Increasing the wire diameter from 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm significantly reduced the alveolar process displacement (P < .001). No difference was observed between the 0.9 mm (P = .123) and 1.2 mm (P = .219) wire-composite splints irrespective of the measured tooth regions. CONCLUSIONS The rigidity of the wire-composite splint significantly influenced the mobility of the fractured alveolar process. The use of at least 0.9 mm wire was effective in reducing the fractured alveolar process displacement to a level that was similar to the adjacent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Lucas Carvalho Paz
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos José Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jessica Ferreira Rodrigues
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Araújo Almeida
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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