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Boller LA, McGough MA, Shiels SM, Duvall CL, Wenke JC, Guelcher SA. Settable Polymeric Autograft Extenders in a Rabbit Radius Model of Bone Formation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143960. [PMID: 34300888 PMCID: PMC8305944 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Autograft (AG) is the gold standard for bone grafts, but limited quantities and patient morbidity are associated with its use. AG extenders have been proposed to minimize the volume of AG while maintaining the osteoinductive properties of the implant. In this study, poly(ester urethane) (PEUR) and poly(thioketal urethane) (PTKUR) AG extenders were implanted in a 20-mm rabbit radius defect model to evaluate new bone formation and graft remodeling. Outcomes including µCT and histomorphometry were measured at 12 weeks and compared to an AG (no polymer) control. AG control examples exhibited new bone formation, but inconsistent healing was observed. The implanted AG control was resorbed by 12 weeks, while AG extenders maintained implanted AG throughout the study. Bone growth from the defect interfaces was observed in both AG extenders, but residual polymer inhibited cellular infiltration and subsequent bone formation within the center of the implant. PEUR-AG extenders degraded more rapidly than PTKUR-AG extenders. These observations demonstrated that AG extenders supported new bone formation and that polymer composition did not have an effect on overall bone formation. Furthermore, the results indicated that early cellular infiltration is necessary for harnessing the osteoinductive capabilities of AG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A. Boller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (L.A.B.); (M.A.P.M.); (C.L.D.)
| | - Madison A.P. McGough
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (L.A.B.); (M.A.P.M.); (C.L.D.)
| | - Stefanie M. Shiels
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Rd, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA; (S.M.S.); (J.C.W.)
| | - Craig L. Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (L.A.B.); (M.A.P.M.); (C.L.D.)
| | - Joseph C. Wenke
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Rd, San Antonio, TX 78234, USA; (S.M.S.); (J.C.W.)
| | - Scott A. Guelcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (L.A.B.); (M.A.P.M.); (C.L.D.)
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr., Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- Correspondence:
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