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Genetic Characteristics of Canine Adenovirus Type 2 Detected in Wild Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Korea (2017–2020). Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110591. [DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus has been detected in a wide range of hosts like dogs, foxes, horses, bats, avian animals, and raccoon dogs. Canine adenoviruses with two serotypes host mammals and are members of the mastadenovirus family. Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2) cause infectious canine hepatitis and infectious bronchial disease, respectively. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of CAdV-1 and 2 in wild Nyctereutes procyonoides in Korea in 2017–2020 from 414 tissue samples, including the liver, kidney, lung, and intestine, collected from 105 raccoon dog carcasses. Only CAdV-2 was detected in two raccoon dogs, whereas CAdV-1 was not detected. Tissue samples from raccoon dogs were screened for CAdV-1 and CAdV-2 using conventional PCR. Adenovirus was successfully isolated from PCR positive samples using the Vero cell line, and the full-length gene sequence of the isolated viruses was obtained through 5’ and 3’ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The major genes of the isolated CAdV-2/18Ra54 and CAdV-2/18Ra-65 strains showed the closest relationship with that of the CAdV-2 Toronto A26/61 strain isolated from Canada in 1976. There is no large mutation between CAdV-2, which is prevalent worldwide, and CAdV-2, which is prevalent in wild animals in Korea. In addition, it is still spreading and causing infections. The Toronto A26/61 strain, which showed the most similarity to CAdV-2/18Ra-54, was likely transmitted to wild animals through vaccinated companion animals, suggesting that further research is needed on safety measures surrounding animal vaccination. This study provides information on the genetic characteristics and prevalence of canine adenovirus in domestic wild animals and provides a better understanding of canine adenovirus.
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Bi Y, Gu L, Wang J, Chang Y, Jin M, Mao Y, Wang H, Ji G. A Novel System for Simple Rapid Adenoviral Vector Construction to Facilitate CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing. CRISPR J 2021; 4:381-391. [PMID: 34077671 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2020.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adenoviruses have broad applications for gene delivery and expression. Furthermore, the adenovirus packaging system facilitates the expression of RNA-guided CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease complexes. In this study, we developed a novel system, named AdBlue, for the construction of recombinant adenoviruses using an enzymatic assembly strategy. This system could significantly reduce the time and labor required to generate adenoviral vectors. When applied to CRISPR/Cas9 design, it simplifies the preparation of recombinant adenoviruses carrying nuclease complexes and can induce high levels of site-specific mutagenesis. Our system has outstanding advantages for adenovirus preparation and could be a useful molecular engineering tool for gene delivery and editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youkun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangju Ji
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ji J, Li W, Hu W, Xu X, Kan Y, Yao L, Bi Y, Xie Q. Novel Genotype Definition and the First Epidemiological Investigation of Canine Adenovirus Type 2 in Dogs in Central China. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:534. [PMID: 32974402 PMCID: PMC7466760 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by canine adenovirus (CAdV) type 1 have been reported worldwide in the past two decades. However, only few studies have specifically reported the prevalence of CAdV type 2 (CAdV-2). The present study investigated the persistent circulation of CAdV-2 in dogs with diarrhea in the Henan, Hubei, and Jiangsu provinces in central China from 2017 to 2019. We conducted polymerase chain reaction for detecting CAdV-2 and other related pathogens in 224 rectal swabs of pet dogs and the co-infection of canine diseases was also analyzed. In addition, the structural protein genes-Fiber, Hexon, and Penton-of the isolated CAdV-2 strains were sequenced and analyzed. The similarity between Hexon and Penton among the 19 strains was 97.4%, as revealed by sequence alignment. Multiple sequence alignment results showed that the Fiber gene sequences of these CAdV-2 strains shared 97.4-99.8% nucleotide and 94.1-99.3% amino acid identity with reference sequences and shared only 79.0-80.5% nucleotide and 77.3-80.5% amino acid identity with the vaccine strain CLL, indicating that Fiber harbored most of the variant sites. Furthermore, pairwise sequence comparisons of Hexon of CH-JS-1901 and CH-HN-1801 with that of India2006 revealed a novel genotype. Furthermore, protein model prediction showed that the amino acid mutation of fiber protein in 19 strains was located in the head region, that may cause structural changes on the surface of the fiber protein. These findings are of significance for monitoring the epidemiology of CAdV-2 infection and developing a novel vaccine which contribute to understanding genetic evolution of CAdV-2 in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Wanyu Li
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Yunchao Kan
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Yingzuo Bi
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Neukirch L, Fougeroux C, Andersson AMC, Holst PJ. The potential of adenoviral vaccine vectors with altered antigen presentation capabilities. Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:25-41. [PMID: 31889453 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1711054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite their appeal as vaccine vectors, adenoviral vectors are yet unable to induce protective immune responses against some weakly immunogenic antigens. Additionally, the maximum doses of adenovirus-based vaccines are limited by vector-induced toxicity, causing vector elimination and diminished immune responses against the target antigen. In order to increase immune responses to the transgene, while maintaining a moderate vector dose, new technologies for improved transgene presentation have been developed for adenoviral vaccine vectors.Areas covered: This review provides an overview of different genetic-fusion adjuvants that aim to improve antigen presentation in the context of adenoviral vector-based vaccines. The influence on both T cell and B cell responses are discussed, with a main focus on two technologies: MHC class II-associated invariant chain and virus-like-vaccines.Expert opinion: Different strategies have been tested to improve adenovirus-based vaccinations with varying degrees of success. The reviewed genetic adjuvants were designed to increase antigen processing and MHC presentation, or promote humoral immune responses with an improved conformational antigen display. While none of the introduced technologies is universally applicable, this review shall give an overview to identify potential improvements for future vaccination approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Neukirch
- Clinical Cooperation Unit "Applied Tumor Immunity", National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cyrielle Fougeroux
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Carola Andersson
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Johannes Holst
- Center for Medical Parasitology, Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,InProTher ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
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van Winkel CAJ, Moreno A, Curiel DT. Capsid-Incorporation Strategy To Display Antigens for an Alternative Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Approach. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5446-5453. [PMID: 30359030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The adenovirus (Ad) is widely used as a vaccine because of its ability to induce a cellular and humoral immune response. In addition, human clinical trials have validated the safety and efficacy of Ad as a vaccine vector. The traditional approach for employing the adenovirus as vaccine is to configure the antigen genes into the expression cassette of the Ad genome. An alternative method for inducing an immune response is the "capsid-incorporation" strategy. This strategy is based upon the incorporation of proteins or peptides into the capsid proteins. This review will focus on the established uses of this approach as well as highlighting the new developments regarding the capsid-incorporation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A J van Winkel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology , University of Groningen , Groningen 9700 AB , The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - David T Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
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