1
|
Shelke V, Dagar N, Puri B, Gaikwad AB. Natriuretic peptide system in hypertension: Current understandings of its regulation, targeted therapies and future challenges. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 976:176664. [PMID: 38795757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide system (NPS) is the key driving force of the heart's endocrine function. Recent developments in NPS-targeted therapies have been found promising and effective against cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Notably, after discovering crosstalk between NPS and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), various combinations such as neprilysin/angiotensin II receptor type 1 AT1 receptor inhibitors and neprilysin/renin inhibitors have been preclinically and clinically tested against various cardiac complications. However, the therapeutic effects of such combinations on the pathophysiology of hypertension are poorly understood. Furthermore, the complicated phenomena underlying NPS regulation and function, particularly in hypertension, are still unexplored. Mounting evidence suggests that numerous regulatory mechanisms modulate the expression of NPS, which can be used as potential targets against hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this review will specifically focus on epigenetic and other regulators of NPS, identifying prospective regulators that might serve as new therapeutic targets for hypertension. More importantly, it will shed light on recent developments in NPS-targeted therapies, such as M-atrial peptides, and their latest combinations with RAAS modulators, such as S086 and sacubitril-aliskiren. These insights will aid in the development of effective therapies to break the vicious cycle of high blood pressure during hypertension, ultimately addressing the expanding global heart failure pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwadeep Shelke
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Neha Dagar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Bhupendra Puri
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shelke V, Kale A, Sankrityayan H, Anders HJ, Gaikwad AB. Long non-coding RNAs as emerging regulators of miRNAs and epigenetics in diabetes-related chronic kidney disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:230-241. [PMID: 34986074 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.2023580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including "diabetic nephropathy," and is an increasingly prevalent accelerator of the progression of non-diabetic forms of CKD. The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have come into the limelight in the past few years as one of the emerging weapons against CKD in diabetes. Available data over the past few years demonstrate the interaction of lncRNAs with miRNAs and epigenetic machinery. Interestingly, the evolving data suggest that lncRNAs play a vital role in diabetes-associated CKD by regulation of epigenetic enzymes such as DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylases, and histone methyltransferases. LncRNAs are also engaged in the regulation of several miRNAs in diabetic nephropathy. Hence this review will elaborate on the association between lncRNAs and their interaction with epigenetic regulators involved in different aspects and thus the progression of CKD in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwadeep Shelke
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, India
| | - Ajinath Kale
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, India
| | - Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, India
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang P, Zhang X, Zhang J, Wang J, Wang X, Li M, Wang R, Yu J, Fu F. BNP protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by promoting Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion via activating the PKG-STAT3 pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102702. [PMID: 37116257 PMCID: PMC10165144 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) belongs to the family of natriuretic peptides, which are responsible for a wide range of actions. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is often associated with increased BNP levels. This present research intends to explore the role of BNP in the development of DCM and the underlying mechanisms. Diabetes was induced in mice using streptozotocin (STZ). Primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose. It was found that the levels of plasma BNP started to increase at 8 weeks after diabetes, which preceded the development of DCM. Addition of exogenous BNP promoted Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion, inhibited mitochondrial oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial respiratory capacity and prevented the development of DCM, while knockdown of endogenous BNP exacerbated mitochondrial dysfunction and accelerated DCM. Opa1 knockdown attenuated the aforementioned protective action of BNP both in vivo and in vitro. BNP-induced mitochondrial fusion requires the activation of STAT3, which facilitated Opa1 transcription by binding to its promoter regions. PKG, a crucial signaling biomolecule in the BNP signaling pathway, interacted with STAT3 and induced its activation. Knockdown of NPRA (the receptor of BNP) or PKG blunted the promoting effect of BNP on STAT3 phosphorylation and Opa1-mediated mitochondrial fusion. The results of this study demonstrate for the first time that there is a rise in BNP during the early stages of DCM as a compensatory protection mechanism. BNP is a novel mitochondrial fusion activator in protecting against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial oxidative injury and DCM through the activation of NPRA-PKG-STAT3-Opa1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China; Clinical Experimental Center, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Jianbang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Xihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Clinical Experimental Center, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China.
| | - Feng Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Airforce Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kourtidou C, Tziomalos K. The Role of Histone Modifications in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24066007. [PMID: 36983082 PMCID: PMC10051814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24066007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease. The pathogenesis of DKD is multifactorial, with several molecular pathways implicated. Recent data suggest that histone modification plays an important role in the development and progression of DKD. Histone modification appears to induce oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in the diabetic kidney. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge on the association between histone modification and DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christodoula Kourtidou
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Tziomalos
- First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharma N, Sircar A, Anders HJ, Gaikwad AB. Crosstalk between kidney and liver in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1024-1038. [PMID: 32223569 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1745851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver and kidney are vital organs that maintain homeostasis and injury to either of them triggers pathogenic pathways affecting the other. For example, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) promotes the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), vice versa acute kidney injury (AKI) endorses the induction and progression of liver dysfunction. Progress in clinical and basic research suggest a role of excessive fructose intake, insulin resistance, inflammatory cytokines production, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, redox imbalance, and their impact on epigenetic regulation of gene expression in this context. Recent developments in experimental and clinical research have identified several biochemical and molecular pathways for AKI-liver interaction, including altered liver enzymes profile, metabolic acidosis, oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory and regulated cell death pathways. This review focuses on the current preclinical and clinical findings on kidney-liver crosstalk in NAFLD-CKD and AKI-liver dysfunction settings and highlights potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anannya Sircar
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Carrillo-Sepulveda MA, Maddie N, Johnson CM, Burke C, Lutz O, Yakoub B, Kramer B, Persand D. Vascular hyperacetylation is associated with vascular smooth muscle dysfunction in a rat model of non-obese type 2 diabetes. Mol Med 2022; 28:30. [PMID: 35260080 PMCID: PMC8902773 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accelerates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction which contributes to the development of vasculopathy, associated with the highest degree of morbidity of T2DM. Lysine acetylation, a post-translational modification (PTM), has been associated with metabolic diseases and its complications. Whether levels of global lysine acetylation are altered in vasculature from advanced T2DM remains undetermined. We hypothesized that VSMC undergoes dysregulation in advanced T2DM which is associated with vascular hyperacetylation. Methods Aged male Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats, a non-obese murine model of T2DM, and age-matched male Wistar rats (control group) were used in this study. Thoracic aortas were isolated and examined for measurement of global levels of lysine acetylation, and vascular reactivity studies were conducted using a wire myograph. Direct arterial blood pressure was assessed by carotid catheterization. Cultured human VSMCs were used to investigate whether lysine acetylation participates in high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), a crucial factor triggering diabetic vascular dysfunction. Results The GK rats exhibited marked glucose intolerance as well as insulin resistance. Cardiovascular complications in GK rats were confirmed by elevated arterial blood pressure and reduced VSMC-dependent vasorelaxation. These complications were correlated with high levels of vascular global lysine acetylation. Human VSMC cultures incubated under high glucose conditions displayed elevated ROS levels and increased global lysine acetylation. Inhibition of hyperacetylation by garcinol, a lysine acetyltransferase and p300/CBP association factor (PCAF) inhibitor, reduced high glucose-induced ROS production in VSMC. Conclusion This study provides evidence that vascular hyperacetylation is associated with VSMC dysfunction in advanced T2DM. Understanding lysine acetylation regulation in blood vessels from diabetics may provide insight into the mechanisms of diabetic vascular dysfunction, and opportunities for novel therapeutic approaches to treat diabetic vascular complications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00441-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alicia Carrillo-Sepulveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA.
| | - Nicole Maddie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Christina Mary Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Cameron Burke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Osina Lutz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Bamwa Yakoub
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Benjamin Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Dhandevi Persand
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Northern Blvd., Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
da Silva JS, Gonçalves RGJ, Vasques JF, Rocha BS, Nascimento-Carlos B, Montagnoli TL, Mendez-Otero R, de Sá MPL, Zapata-Sudo G. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020240. [PMID: 35053356 PMCID: PMC8773977 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) are increasing worldwide, and the resulting cardiac complications are the leading cause of death. Among these complications is diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy (DCM), which is the consequence of a pro-inflammatory condition, oxidative stress and fibrosis caused by hyperglycemia. Cardiac remodeling will lead to an imbalance in cell survival and death, which can promote cardiac dysfunction. Since the conventional treatment of DM generally does not address the prevention of cardiac remodeling, it is important to develop new alternatives for the treatment of cardiovascular complications induced by DM. Thus, therapy with mesenchymal stem cells has been shown to be a promising approach for the prevention of DCM because of their anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects, which could improve cardiac function in patients with DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline S. da Silva
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (B.S.R.); (B.N.-C.); (T.L.M.)
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Street Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Renata G. J. Gonçalves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, RJ, Brazil; (R.G.J.G.); (R.M.-O.)
| | - Juliana F. Vasques
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Bruna S. Rocha
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (B.S.R.); (B.N.-C.); (T.L.M.)
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Street Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Bianca Nascimento-Carlos
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (B.S.R.); (B.N.-C.); (T.L.M.)
| | - Tadeu L. Montagnoli
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (B.S.R.); (B.N.-C.); (T.L.M.)
| | - Rosália Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-170, RJ, Brazil; (R.G.J.G.); (R.M.-O.)
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mauro P. L. de Sá
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Street Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil; (J.S.d.S.); (B.S.R.); (B.N.-C.); (T.L.M.)
- Instituto do Coração Edson Saad, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Street Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, RJ, Brazil;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-21-39386505
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bompada P, Goncalves I, Wu C, Gao R, Sun J, Mir BA, Luan C, Renström E, Groop L, Weng J, Hansson O, Edsfeldt A, De Marinis Y. Epigenome-Wide Histone Acetylation Changes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Atherosclerotic Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121908. [PMID: 34944721 PMCID: PMC8698994 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is emerging evidence of an association between epigenetic modifications, glycemic control and atherosclerosis risk. In this study, we mapped genome-wide epigenetic changes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and advanced atherosclerotic disease. We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) using a histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) mark in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with atherosclerosis with T2D (n = 8) or without T2D (ND, n = 10). We mapped epigenome changes and identified 23,394 and 13,133 peaks in ND and T2D individuals, respectively. Out of all the peaks, 753 domains near the transcription start site (TSS) were unique to T2D. We found that T2D in atherosclerosis leads to an H3K9ac increase in 118, and loss in 63 genomic regions. Furthermore, we discovered an association between the genomic locations of significant H3K9ac changes with genetic variants identified in previous T2D GWAS. The transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs7903146, together with several human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants, were among the domains with the most dramatic changes of H3K9ac enrichments. Pathway analysis revealed multiple activated pathways involved in immunity, including type 1 diabetes. Our results present novel evidence on the interaction between genetics and epigenetics, as well as epigenetic changes related to immunity in patients with T2D and advanced atherosclerotic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Bompada
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
| | - Isabel Goncalves
- Cardiovascular Research-Translational Studies, Institution of Clinical Science Malmö, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (I.G.); (J.S.); (A.E.)
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Chuanyan Wu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- School of Intelligent Engineering, Shandong Management University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Rui Gao
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (Y.D.M.); Tel.: +86-135-0531-8418 (R.G.); +46-760-384-868 (Y.D.M.)
| | - Jiangming Sun
- Cardiovascular Research-Translational Studies, Institution of Clinical Science Malmö, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (I.G.); (J.S.); (A.E.)
| | - Bilal Ahmad Mir
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
| | - Cheng Luan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
| | - Erik Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
- Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jianping Weng
- Clinical Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230001, China;
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Life Sciences of Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Ola Hansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki University, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreas Edsfeldt
- Cardiovascular Research-Translational Studies, Institution of Clinical Science Malmö, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (I.G.); (J.S.); (A.E.)
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yang De Marinis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden; (P.B.); (C.W.); (B.A.M.); (C.L.); (E.R.); (L.G.); (O.H.)
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Clinical Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230001, China;
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Life Sciences of Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (Y.D.M.); Tel.: +86-135-0531-8418 (R.G.); +46-760-384-868 (Y.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Zebrafish Model to Understand Epigenetics in Renal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179152. [PMID: 34502062 PMCID: PMC8431166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are able to alter gene expression and include DNA methylation, different histone variants, and post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs), such as acetylation or phosphorylation, and through short/long RNAs, respectively. In this review, we focus on current knowledge concerning epigenetic modifications in gene regulation. We describe different forms of epigenetic modifications and explain how epigenetic changes can be detected. The relevance of epigenetics in renal diseases is highlighted with multiple examples and the use of the zebrafish model to study glomerular diseases in general and epigenetics in renal diseases in particular is discussed. We end with an outlook on how to use epigenetic modifications as a therapeutic target for different diseases. Here, the zebrafish model can be employed as a high-throughput screening tool not only to discover epigenetic alterations contributing to disease, but also to test novel substances that change epigenetic signatures in vivo. Therefore, the zebrafish model harbors the opportunity to find novel pathogenic pathways allowing a pre-selection of potential targets and compounds to be tested for renal diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bioactive Components of Salvia and Their Potential Antidiabetic Properties: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103042. [PMID: 34065175 PMCID: PMC8161164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of therapeutic plants is expanding around the globe, coupled with the tremendous expansion of alternative medicine and growing demand in health treatment. Plants are applied in pharmaceuticals to preserve and expand health—physically, mentally and as well as to treat particular health conditions and afflictions. There are more than 600 families of plants identified so far. Among the plants that are often studied for their health benefit include the genus of Salvia in the mint family, Lamiaceae. This review aims to determine the bioactive components of Salvia and their potential as antidiabetic agents. The search was conducted using three databases (PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus), and all relevant articles that are freely available in the English language were extracted within 10 years (2011–2021). Salvia spp. comprises many biologically active components that can be divided into monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes, and phenolic components, but only a few of these have been studied in-depth for their health benefit claims. The most commonly studied bioactive component was salvianolic acids. Interestingly, S. miltiorrhiza is undoubtedly the most widely studied Salvia species in terms of its effectiveness as an antidiabetic agent. In conclusion, we hope that this review stimulates more studies on bioactive components from medicinal plants, not only on their potential as antidiabetic agents but also for other possible health benefits.
Collapse
|
11
|
Karwi QG, Ho KL, Pherwani S, Ketema EB, Sun QY, Lopaschuk GD. Concurrent diabetes and heart failure: interplay and novel therapeutic approaches. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:686-715. [PMID: 33783483 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of developing heart failure, and the co-existence of both diseases worsens cardiovascular outcomes, hospitalization and the progression of heart failure. Despite current advancements on therapeutic strategies to manage hyperglycemia, the likelihood of developing diabetes-induced heart failure is still significant, especially with the accelerating global prevalence of diabetes and an ageing population. This raises the likelihood of other contributing mechanisms beyond hyperglycemia in predisposing diabetic patients to cardiovascular disease risk. There has been considerable interest in understanding the alterations in cardiac structure and function in the diabetic patients, collectively termed as "diabetic cardiomyopathy". However, the factors that contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathies is not fully understood. This review summarizes the main characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathies, and the basic mechanisms that contribute to its occurrence. This includes perturbations in insulin resistance, fuel preference, reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, cell death pathways, neurohormonal mechanisms, advanced glycated end-products accumulation, lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, and posttranslational modifications in the heart of the diabetic. This review also discusses the impact of antihyperglycemic therapies on the development of heart failure, as well as how current heart failure therapies influence glycemic control in diabetic patients. We also highlight the current knowledge gaps in understanding how diabetes induces heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kim L Ho
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simran Pherwani
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ezra B Ketema
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qiu Yu Sun
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Harloff M, Prüschenk S, Seifert R, Schlossmann J. Activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase signalling with cinaciguat improves impaired kidney function in diabetic mice. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:2460-2475. [PMID: 33651375 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause for end-stage renal disease worldwide. Until now, there is no specific therapy available. Standard treatment with inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system just slows down progression. However, targeting the NO/sGC/cGMP pathway using sGC activators does prevent kidney damage. Thus, we investigated if the sGC activator cinaciguat was beneficial in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy, and we analysed how mesangial cells (MCs) were affected by related conditions in cell culture. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Type 1 diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in wild-type and endothelial NOS knockout (eNOS KO) mice for 8 or 12 weeks.. Half of these mice received cinaciguat in their chow for the last 4 weeks. Kidneys from the diabetic mice were analysed with histochemical assays and by RT-PCR and western blotting. . Additionally, primary murine MCs under diabetic conditions were stimulated with 8-Br-cGMP or cinaciguat to activate the sGC/cGMP pathway. KEY RESULTS The diabetic eNOS KO mice developed most characteristics of diabetic nephropathy, most marked at 12 weeks. Treatment with cinaciguat markedly improved GFR, serum creatinine, mesangial expansion and kidney fibrosis in these animals. We determined expression levels of related signalling proteins. Thrombospondin 1, a key mediator in kidney diseases, was strongly up-regulated under diabetic conditions and this increase was suppressed by activation of sGC/cGMP signalling. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Activation of the NO/sGC/PKG pathway with cinaciguat was beneficial in a model of diabetic nephropathy. Activators of sGC might be an appropriate therapy option in patients with Type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Harloff
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sally Prüschenk
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Schlossmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rubattu S, Stanzione R, Cotugno M, Bianchi F, Marchitti S, Forte M. Epigenetic control of natriuretic peptides: implications for health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5121-5130. [PMID: 32556416 PMCID: PMC11105024 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptides (NPs) family, including a class of hormones and their receptors, is largely known for its beneficial effects within the cardiovascular system to preserve regular functions and health. The concentration level of each component of the family is of crucial importance to guarantee a proper control of both systemic and local cardiovascular functions. A fine equilibrium between gene expression, protein secretion and clearance is needed to achieve the final optimal level of NPs. To this aim, the regulation of gene expression and translation plays a key role. In this regard, we know the existence of fine regulatory mechanisms, the so-called epigenetic mechanisms, which target many genes at either the promoter or the 3'UTR region to inhibit or activate their expression. The gene encoding ANP (NPPA) is regulated by histone modifications, DNA methylation, distinct microRNAs and a natural antisense transcript (NPPA-AS1) with consequent implications for both health and disease conditions. Notably, ANP modulates microRNAs on its own. Histone modifications of BNP gene (NPPB) are associated with several cardiomyopathies. The proBNP processing is regulated by miR30-GALNT1/2 axis. Among other components of the NPs family, CORIN, NPRA, NPRC and NEP may undergo epigenetic regulation. A better understanding of the epigenetic control of the NPs family will allow to gain more insights on the pathological basis of common cardiovascular diseases and to identify novel therapeutic targets. The present review article aims to discuss the major achievements obtained so far with studies on the epigenetic modulation of the NPs family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Krylatov AV, Tsibulnikov SY, Mukhomedzyanov AV, Boshchenko AA, Goldberg VE, Jaggi AS, Erben RG, Maslov LN. The Role of Natriuretic Peptides in the Regulation of Cardiac Tolerance to Ischemia/Reperfusion and Postinfarction Heart Remodeling. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2020; 26:131-148. [PMID: 32840121 DOI: 10.1177/1074248420952243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the past 10 years, mortality from acute myocardial infarction has not decreased despite the widespread introduction of percutaneous coronary intervention. The reason for this situation is the absence in clinical practice of drugs capable of preventing reperfusion injury of the heart with high efficiency. In this regard, noteworthy natriuretic peptides (NPs) which have the infarct-limiting effect, prevent reperfusion cardiac injury, prevent adverse post-infarction remodeling of the heart. Atrial natriuretic peptide does not have the infarct-reducing effect in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. NPs have the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. There is indirect evidence that NPs inhibit pyroptosis and autophagy. Published data indicate that NPs inhibit reactive oxygen species production in cardiomyocytes, aorta, heart, kidney and the endothelial cells. NPs can suppress aldosterone, angiotensin II, endothelin-1 synthesize and secretion. NPs inhibit the effects aldosterone, angiotensin II on the post-receptor level through intracellular signaling events. NPs activate guanylyl cyclase, protein kinase G and protein kinase A, and reduce phosphodiesterase 3 activity. NO-synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase are involved in the cardioprotective effect of NPs. The cardioprotective effect of natriuretic peptides is mediated via activation of kinases (AMPK, PKC, PI3 K, ERK1/2, p70s6 k, Akt) and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. The cardioprotective effect of NPs is mediated via sarcolemmal KATP channel and mitochondrial KATP channel opening. The cardioprotective effect of brain natriuretic peptide is mediated via MPT pore closing. The anti-fibrotic effect of NPs may be mediated through inhibition TGF-β1 expression. Natriuretic peptides can inhibit NF-κB activity and activate GATA. Hemeoxygenase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ may be involved in the infarct-reducing effect of NPs. NPs exhibit the infarct-limiting effect in patients with acute myocardial infarction. NPs prevent post-infarction remodeling of the heart. To finally resolve the question of the feasibility of using NPs in AMI, a multicenter, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled study is needed to assess the effect of NPs on the mortality of patients after AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Krylatov
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Y Tsibulnikov
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Alla A Boshchenko
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Victor E Goldberg
- Cancer Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Amteshwar S Jaggi
- 429174Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Department of Biomedical Research, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leonid N Maslov
- Cardiology Research Institute, 164253Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Epigenetic Modifiers as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114113. [PMID: 32526941 PMCID: PMC7312774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is one of the fastest growing causes of death worldwide. Epigenetic regulators control gene expression and are potential therapeutic targets. There is functional interventional evidence for a role of DNA methylation and the histone post-translational modifications-histone methylation, acetylation and crotonylation-in the pathogenesis of kidney disease, including diabetic kidney disease. Readers of epigenetic marks, such as bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) proteins, are also therapeutic targets. Thus, the BD2 selective BET inhibitor apabetalone was the first epigenetic regulator to undergo phase-3 clinical trials in diabetic kidney disease with an endpoint of kidney function. The direct therapeutic modulation of epigenetic features is possible through pharmacological modulators of the specific enzymes involved and through the therapeutic use of the required substrates. Of further interest is the characterization of potential indirect effects of nephroprotective drugs on epigenetic regulation. Thus, SGLT2 inhibitors increase the circulating and tissue levels of β-hydroxybutyrate, a molecule that generates a specific histone modification, β-hydroxybutyrylation, which has been associated with the beneficial health effects of fasting. To what extent this impact on epigenetic regulation may underlie or contribute to the so-far unclear molecular mechanisms of cardio- and nephroprotection offered by SGLT2 inhibitors merits further in-depth studies.
Collapse
|
16
|
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to uncover protein alterations associated with the progression of IgA nephropathy. Virchows Arch 2019; 476:903-914. [PMID: 31838587 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02705-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most diffuse glomerulonephrites worldwide, and many issues still remain regarding our understanding of its pathogenesis. The disease is diagnosed by renal biopsy examination, but potential pitfalls still persist with regard to discriminating its primary origin and, as a result, determining patient outcome remains challenging. In this pilot study, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was performed on renal biopsies obtained from patients with IgAN (n = 11) and other mesangioproliferative glomerulonephrites (MesPGN, n = 6) in order to enlighten proteomic alterations that may be associated with the progression of IgAN. Differences in the proteomic profiles of IgAN and MesPGN tissue could clearly be detected using this approach and, furthermore, 14 signals (AUC ≥ 0.8) were observed to have an altered intensity among the different CKD stages within the IgAN group. In particular, large increases in the intensity of these signals could be observed at CKD stages II and above. These signals primarily corresponded to proteins involved in either inflammatory and healing pathways and their increased intensity was localized within regions of tissue with large amounts of inflammatory cells or sclerosis. Despite much work in recent years, our molecular understanding of IgAN progression remains incomplete. This pilot study represents a promising starting point in the search for novel protein markers that can assist clinicians in better understanding the pathogenesis of IgAN and highlighting those patients who may progress to end-stage renal disease.
Collapse
|
17
|
Gill M, Motta-Mejia C, Kandzija N, Cooke W, Zhang W, Cerdeira AS, Bastie C, Redman C, Vatish M. Placental Syncytiotrophoblast-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Carry Active NEP (Neprilysin) and Are Increased in Preeclampsia. Hypertension 2019; 73:1112-1119. [PMID: 30929513 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
NEP (neprilysin) is a widely expressed membrane-bound metalloprotease, which binds and cleaves a variety of peptides including vasodilators, natriuretics, and diuretics. Higher levels of NEP result in hypertension-a cardinal feature of the placental disease preeclampsia. Syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprising microvesicles and exosomes, are released into the peripheral circulation in pregnancy and are postulated as a key mechanism coupling placental dysfunction and maternal phenotype in preeclampsia. We aimed to determine whether higher levels of active NEP are found in syncytiotrophoblast-derived EVs in preeclampsia compared with normal pregnancy. Using immunostaining and Western blotting, we first demonstrated that NEP levels are greater not only in preeclampsia placental tissue but also in syncytiotrophoblast-derived microvesicles and exosomes isolated from preeclampsia placentas ( P<0.05, n=5). We confirmed placental origin using antibody-coated magnetic beads to isolate NEP-bound vesicles, finding that they stain for placental alkaline phosphatase. NEP on syncytiotrophoblast-derived EVs is active and inhibited by thiorphan ( P<0.01, n=3; specific inhibitor). Syncytiotrophoblast-derived microvesicles, isolated from peripheral plasma, demonstrated higher NEP expression in preeclampsia using flow cytometry ( P<0.05, n=8). We isolated plasma exosomes using size-exclusion chromatography and showed greater NEP activity in preeclampsia ( P<0.05, n=8). These findings show that the placenta releases active NEP into the maternal circulation on syncytiotrophoblast-derived EVs, at significantly greater levels in preeclampsia. NEP has pathological roles in hypertension, heart failure, and amyloid deposition, all of which are features of preeclampsia. Circulating syncytiotrophoblast-derived EV-bound NEP thus may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manjot Gill
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - Carolina Motta-Mejia
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - Neva Kandzija
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - William Cooke
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - Ana Sofia Cerdeira
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - Claire Bastie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom (C.B.)
| | - Christopher Redman
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| | - Manu Vatish
- From the Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.G., C.M.-M., N.K., W.C., W.Z., A.S.C., C.R., M.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Malek V, Sharma N, Sankrityayan H, Gaikwad AB. Concurrent neprilysin inhibition and renin-angiotensin system modulations prevented diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2019; 221:159-167. [PMID: 30769114 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and natriuretic peptides system (NPS) perturbations govern the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Hence, in search of a novel therapy against DN, present study targeted both, NPS and RAS simultaneously using a neprilysin inhibitor (NEPi) in combination with either angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) or angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activator. METHODS We induced diabetes in male Wistar rats by a single dose of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.p.). After four weeks, we treated diabetic rats with thiorphan, telmisartan or diminazene aceturate (Dize) 0.1, 10, 5 mg/kg/day, p.o. alone as monotherapy, or both thiorphan/telmisartan or thiorphan/Dize as combination therapy, for four weeks. Then, plasma and urine biochemistry were performed, and kidneys from all the groups were collected and processed separately for histopathology, ELISA and Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS Proposed combination therapies attenuated metabolic perturbations, prevented renal functional decline, and normalised adverse alterations in renal ACE, ACE2, Ang-II, Ang-(1-7), neprilysin and cGMP levels in diabetic rats. Histopathological evaluation revealed a significant reduction in glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis by combination therapies. Importantly, combination therapies inhibited inflammatory, profibrotic and apoptotic signalling, way better than respective monotherapies, in preventing DN. CONCLUSION Renoprotective potential of thiorphan (NEPi)/telmisartan (ARB) and thiorphan/Dize (ACE2 activator) combination therapies against the development of DN is primarily attributed to normalisation of RAS and NPS components and inhibition of pathological signalling related to inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Hence, we can conclude that NEPi/ARB and NEPi/ACE2 activator combination therapies might be new therapeutic strategies in preventing DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vajir Malek
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Himanshu Sankrityayan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
| |
Collapse
|