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Pendse S, Chavan S, Kale V, Vaidya A. A comprehensive analysis of cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous regulation of myeloid leukemic cells: The prospect of developing novel niche-targeting therapies. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1667-1683. [PMID: 37554060 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Leukemic cells (LCs) arise from the hematopoietic stem/and progenitor cells (HSCs/HSPCs) and utilize cues from the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) for their regulation in the same way as their normal HSC counterparts. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a vital component of the BMM promote leukemogenesis by creating a protective and immune-tolerant microenvironment that can support the survival of LCs, helping them escape chemotherapy, thereby resulting in the relapse of leukemia. Conversely, MSCs also induce apoptosis in the LCs and inhibit their proliferation by interfering with their self-renewal potential. This review discusses the work done so far on cell-autonomous (intrinsic) and MSCs-mediated non-cell-autonomous (extrinsic) regulation of myeloid leukemia with a special focus on the need to investigate the extrinsic regulation of myeloid leukemia to understand the contrasting role of MSCs in leukemogenesis. These mechanisms could be exploited to formulate novel therapeutic strategies that specifically target the leukemic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalmali Pendse
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayali Chavan
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anuradha Vaidya
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Wang X, Zhao J, Wang X, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Jia S, Shi N, Lu M, Su H, Zhang J, Jiang D. Bacterial cellulose membrane combined with BMSCs promotes wound healing by activating the notch signaling pathway. Front Surg 2023; 9:1027067. [PMID: 36726958 PMCID: PMC9885103 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1027067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) has been widely studied and applied as a new biomaterial for wound healing, but causes pain with frequent dressing changes. Local application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) requires a niche. Furthermore, the effect and mechanism of the BCM combined with BMSCs have not been reported. Methods Morphological and chemical identifications of BCMs were investigated by porosity analyses, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Biological wound dressings (BWDs) were prepared by the BCM in combination with BMSCs. The biological effects of BWDs on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and VEGF-A in human vascular endothelial cells (HuVECs) were detected in vitro, and the effect of BWDs on acute wounds in mice was detected in vivo. Collagen and angiogenesis were evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining. The expressions of COL-1 and VEGF-A and the activation of the Notch signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro were detected by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results The BCM had a nanoscale structure and provided a partial niche for the survival and proliferation of BMSCs. BWDs were successfully prepared and regulated the biological behaviors of wound healing-related cells in vitro and upregulated the expressions of COL-1 in HDF and VEGF-A in HuVECs. BWDs promoted wound healing by increasing collagen type I synthesis and angiogenesis in acute wounds in mice. Conclusions BWDs prepared by the combination of nanomaterial BCMs and BMSCs facilitated acute wound healing, which may be regulated by activating the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Emergency Medicine Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nian Shi
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meiqi Lu
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxia Su
- Shandong Nameide Biotechnology Limited Company, Jinan, China
| | - Jixun Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,Correspondence: Jixun Zhang Duyin Jiang
| | - Duyin Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,Emergency Medicine Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China,Correspondence: Jixun Zhang Duyin Jiang
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Fazilat-Panah D, Fallah Tafti H, Rajabzadeh Y, Fatemi MA, Ahmadi N, Jahansouz D, Tabasi M, Javadinia SA, Joudi M, Harati H, Attarian F, Taghizadeh-Hesary F. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of COVID-19 in 1290 New Cancer Patients: Single-center, Prospective Cohort Study from Iran. Cancer Invest 2022; 40:505-515. [PMID: 35521692 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2022.2075376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in a large cohort of new cancer patients referred to an oncology clinic in the north of Iran. METHODS During the 20-months COVID-19 pandemic, new cancer patients were followed-up. Demographic, pathologic, and clinical variables were collected for each patient. COVID-19 was confirmed based on a positive polymerase chain reaction test. Analyses were performed using the STATA version 14.0 at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS In this study, 1294 new cancer patients were followed for 24 months (mean age: 58.7 years [range 10 to 95]). During the study period, COVID-19 was diagnosed in 9.4% of the patients with hospitalization rate of 3.4%, an ICU admission rate of 0.7%, and COVID-19 mortality rate of 4.9%. Hematological malignancies (ORU= 2.6, CI95% 1.28- 5.34), receiving palliative treatments (ORA=3.03, CI95% 1.6-5.45) and receiving radiotherapy (ORA=2.07, 1.17-3.65) were the most common predictive factors of COVID infection in cancer patients. Also, the COVID mortality was higher in brain cancer patients (P = 0.07), metastatic disease (P = 0.01) and patients receiving palliative treatments (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION In patients suffering from cancer, COVID-19 infection can be predicted by cancer type, palliative care, and radiotherapy in cancer patients. Furthermore, brain cancers, metastasis, and palliative care were all associated with COVID-19 related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamid Fallah Tafti
- Resident of radiation oncology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yavar Rajabzadeh
- Babolsar Rajaee Cancer Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Ahmadi
- Cancer Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Davoud Jahansouz
- Babolsar Rajaee Cancer Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tabasi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Pasteur Ave., Tehran, 13164, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Javadinia
- Vasei Clinical Research Development Unit, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Maryam Joudi
- Assistant professor of Allergy and clinical immunology, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Hadi Harati
- Assistant professor of Nurology, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Attarian
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
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Zarrabi M, Afzal E, Asghari MH, Ebrahimi M. Assessment of Short-Term Engraftment Potential of Ex Vivo Expanded Hematopoietic Stem Cells Using Normal Fetal Mouse in Utero Transplantation Model. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:259-267. [PMID: 31210431 PMCID: PMC6582413 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective Ex vivo expansion is a promising strategy to overcome the low number of human umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (hUCB-HSCs). Although based on the obtained results in unnatural physiological condition of irradiated genetically immune-deficient mouse models, there has always been concern that the expanded cells have less engraftment potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of common ex vivo expansion method on engraftment potential of hUCB-mononuclear cells (MNCs), using normal fetal mouse, as a model with more similarity to human physiological conditions. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, briefly, isolated hUCB-MNCs were cultured in common expansion medium containing stem cell factor, Flt3 ligand and thrombopoietin. The unexpanded and expanded cells were transplanted to the fetal mice on gestational days of 11.5-13.5. After administration of human hematopoiesis growth factors (hHGFs), presence of human CD45+ cells, in the peripheral blood of recipients, was assessed at various time points after transplantation. Results The expanded MNCs showed 32-fold increase in the expression of CD34+38- phenotype and about 3-fold higher clonogenic potential as compared to the uncultured cells. Four weeks after transplantation, 73% (19/26) of expanded-cell recipients and 35% (7/20) of unexpanded-cell recipients were found to be successfully engrafted with human CD45+ cells. The engraftment level of expanded MNCs was significantly (1.8-fold) higher than unexpanded cells. After hHGFs administration, the level was increased to 3.2, 3.8 and 2.6-fold at respectively 8, 12, and 16 weeks of post transplantation. The increased expression of CXCR4 protein in expanded MNCs is a likely explanation for the present findings. Conclusion The presented data showed that expanded MNCs compared to unexpended cells are capable of more rapid and higher short-term engraftment in normal fetal mouse. It could also be suggested that in utero transplantation (IUT) of normal fetal mice could be an appropriate substitute for NOD/SCID mice in xenotransplantation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Zarrabi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Royan Stem Cell Technology Company, Cord Blood Bank, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Afzal
- Royan Stem Cell Technology Company, Cord Blood Bank, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Asghari
- Animal Core Facility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Animal Biotechnology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
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Trino S, Zoppoli P, Carella AM, Laurenzana I, Weisz A, Memoli D, Calice G, La Rocca F, Simeon V, Savino L, Del Vecchio L, Musto P, Caivano A, De Luca L. DNA methylation dynamic of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells after allogeneic transplantation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:138. [PMID: 31109375 PMCID: PMC6528331 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a curative therapeutic approach for different hematological malignancies (HMs), and epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, play a role in the reconstitution of the hematopoietic system after AHSCT. This study aimed to explore global DNA methylation dynamic of bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from donors and their respective recipients affected by acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) during the first year after transplant. METHODS We measured DNA methylation profile by Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC in BM HSPC of 10 donors (t0) and their matched recipients at different time points after AHSCT, at day + 30 (t1), + 60 (t2), + 120 (t3), + 180 (t4), and + 365 (t5). Differential methylation analysis was performed by using R software and CRAN/Bioconductor packages. Gene set enrichment analysis was carried out on promoter area of significantly differentially methylated genes by clusterProfiler package and the mSigDB genes sets. RESULTS Results show significant differences in the global methylation profile between HL and acute leukemias, and between patients with mixed and complete chimerism, with a strong methylation change, with prevailing hyper-methylation, occurring 30 days after AHSCT. Functional analysis of promoter methylation changes identified genes involved in hematopoietic cell activation, differentiation, shaping, and movement. This could be a consequence of donor cell "adaptation" in recipient BM niche. Interestingly, this epigenetic remodeling was reversible, since methylation returns similar to that of donor HSPCs after 1 year. Only for a pool of genes, mainly involved in dynamic shaping and trafficking, the DNA methylation changes acquired after 30 days were maintained for up to 1 year post-transplant. Finally, preliminary data suggest that the methylation profile could be used as predictor of relapse in ALL. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these data provide insights into the DNA methylation changes of HSPCs after transplantation and a new framework to investigate epigenetics of AHSCT and its outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Pietro Zoppoli
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Angelo Michele Carella
- SSD Unità di terapia intensiva ematologica e terapie cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA Italy
| | - Domenico Memoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Francesco La Rocca
- Laboratory of Clinical Research and Advanced Diagnostics, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Vittorio Simeon
- Medical Statistics Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Savino
- SSD Unità di terapia intensiva ematologica e terapie cellulari, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Luigi Del Vecchio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Antonella Caivano
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS - Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
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Psychological Considerations in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2019; 60:331-342. [PMID: 31072626 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, advances in transplantation medicine, and improved posttransplant care have reduced morbidity and mortality from hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs). However, patients undergoing HSCT report a high prevalence of psychological distress, which can negatively impact recovery, function, and health outcomes, including mortality and higher risk of graft vs. host disease. Appropriate assessment and management of these psychological symptoms lead to better engagement with treatment and a variety of superior health outcomes. OBJECTIVE We provide a narrative review of the psychological challenges that accompany HSCT and suggest management approaches to equip psychiatric consultants involved in the care of this patient population. METHODS We reviewed published work in PubMed, PsycInfo, and Scopus electronic databases on the common psychological challenges in HSCT, their vulnerability factors, as well as practical interventions for managing these challenges. RESULTS We outline the phases of the HSCT hospitalization and discuss common psychological challenges, such as depression, delirium, and post-traumatic stress reactions that accompany HSCT. We suggest an approach to psychiatric consults during the HSCT hospitalization and discuss practical interventions for managing psychological challenges in this population. CONCLUSIONS Though pharmacological and behavioral interventions have been successfully used to treat psychosocial challenges in HSCT, further research is needed to understand the optimal psychiatric assessment tools, treatment strategies, and the long-term psychiatric care needed to address psychiatric comorbidities in this growing patient population.
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Fleifel D, Rahmoon MA, AlOkda A, Nasr M, Elserafy M, El-Khamisy SF. Recent advances in stem cells therapy: A focus on cancer, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2018; 16:427-432. [PMID: 30733756 PMCID: PMC6354001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells serve as potential therapeutics due to their high proliferative capacity, low immunogenic reactivity and their differentiating capabilities. Several pre-clinical and early-stage clinical studies are carried out to treat genetic diseases, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders with promising preliminary results. However, there are still many challenges that scientists are trying to overcome such as the unclear expression profile of stem cells in vivo, the homing of stem cells to the site of injury and their potential immune-reactivity. Prospective research lies in gene editing of autologous stem cells in vitro and safe injection of these modified cells back into patients. Here, we review the clinical trials executed using stem cell therapy in an attempt to cure challenging diseases like cancer, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Fleifel
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Mai Atef Rahmoon
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman AlOkda
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Nasr
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Menattallah Elserafy
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
| | - Sherif F. El-Khamisy
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Ahmed Zewail Road, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza 12578, Egypt
- Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK
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Takebe Y, Tatehara S, Fukushima T, Tokuyama-Toda R, Yasuhara R, Mishima K, Satomura K. Cryopreservation Method for the Effective Collection of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:251-261. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2016.0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takebe
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Seiko Tatehara
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Fukushima
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Reiko Tokuyama-Toda
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rika Yasuhara
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Mishima
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Satomura
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Porada CD, Atala AJ, Almeida-Porada G. The hematopoietic system in the context of regenerative medicine. Methods 2015; 99:44-61. [PMID: 26319943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) represent the prototype stem cell within the body. Since their discovery, HSC have been the focus of intensive research, and have proven invaluable clinically to restore hematopoiesis following inadvertent radiation exposure and following radio/chemotherapy to eliminate hematologic tumors. While they were originally discovered in the bone marrow, HSC can also be isolated from umbilical cord blood and can be "mobilized" peripheral blood, making them readily available in relatively large quantities. While their ability to repopulate the entire hematopoietic system would already guarantee HSC a valuable place in regenerative medicine, the finding that hematopoietic chimerism can induce immunological tolerance to solid organs and correct autoimmune diseases has dramatically broadened their clinical utility. The demonstration that these cells, through a variety of mechanisms, can also promote repair/regeneration of non-hematopoietic tissues as diverse as liver, heart, and brain has further increased their clinical value. The goal of this review is to provide the reader with a brief glimpse into the remarkable potential HSC possess, and to highlight their tremendous value as therapeutics in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Porada
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, United States.
| | - Anthony J Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, United States.
| | - Graça Almeida-Porada
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 391 Technology Way, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, United States.
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Vertès AA. The potential of cytotherapeutics in hematologic reconstitution and in the treatment and prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease. Chapter II: emerging transformational cytotherapies. Regen Med 2015; 10:345-73. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.15.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving treatment for inherited anemias, immunodeficiencies or hematologic malignancies. A major complication of allo-HSCT associated with high transplant-related mortality rates is graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Current and future clinical benefits in HSCT enabled by advances in hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, Tregs and natural killer cells technologies are reviewed here and discussed. Among these evolutions, based on the need for mesenchymal stem cells to be recruited by an inflammatory environment, the development and use of novel GvHD biomarkers could be explored further to deliver the right pharmaceutical to the right patient at the right time. The successful commercialization of cytotherapeutics to efficiently manage GvHD will create a virtuous ‘halo’ effect for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain A Vertès
- Sloan Fellow, London Business School, London, UK
- NxR Biotechnologies GmbH, Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Cray J, Cooper GM. Regression modeling to inform cell incorporation into therapies for craniosynostosis. J Craniofac Surg 2013; 24:226-31. [PMID: 23348290 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0b013e31826cfe09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Designing an appropriate tissue engineering solution for craniosynostosis (CS) necessitates determination of whether CS-derived cells differ from normal (wild-type, WT) cells and what assays are appropriate to test for differences. Traditional methodologies to statistically compare cellular behavior may not accurately reflect biologically relevant differences because they poorly address variation. Here, logistic regression was used to determine which assays could identify a biological difference between WT and CS progenitor cells. Quantitative alkaline phosphatase and MTS proliferation assays were performed on adipose, muscle, and bone marrow-derived cells from WT and CS rabbits. Data were stratified by assay, cell type, and days in culture. Coefficients of variation were calculated and assay results coded as predictive variables. Phenotype (WT or CS) was coded as the dependent variable. Sensitivity-specificity curves, classification tables, and receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted for discriminating models. Two data sets were utilized for subsequent analyses; one was used to develop the logistic regression models for prediction, and the other independent data set was used to determine the ability to predict group membership based on the predictive equation. The resulting coefficients of variation were high for all differentiation measures. Upon model implementation, bone marrow assays were observed to result in 72%-100% predictability for phenotype. We found predictive differences in our muscle-derived and bone marrow-derived cells suggesting biologically relevant differences. This data analysis methodology could help identify homogenous cells that do not differ between pathologic and normal individuals or cells that differ in their osteogenic potential, depending on the type of cell-based therapy being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cray
- Department of Oral Biology, Surgery/Plastic Surgery, and Orthodontics, Georgia, USA
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Vaegler M, Lenis AT, Daum L, Amend B, Stenzl A, Toomey P, Renninger M, Damaser MS, Sievert KD. Stem cell therapy for voiding and erectile dysfunction. Nat Rev Urol 2012; 9:435-47. [PMID: 22710667 PMCID: PMC3769422 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2012.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Voiding dysfunction comprises a variety of disorders, including stress urinary incontinence and overactive bladder, and affects millions of men and women worldwide. Erectile dysfunction (ED) also decreases quality of life for millions of men, as well as for their partners. Advanced age and diabetes are common comorbidities that can exacerbate and negatively impact upon the development of these disorders. Therapies that target the pathophysiology of these conditions to halt progression are not currently available. However, stem cell therapy could fill this therapeutic void. Stem cells can reduce inflammation, prevent fibrosis, promote angiogenesis, recruit endogenous progenitor cells, and differentiate to replace damaged cells. Adult multipotent stem cell therapy, in particular, has shown promise in case reports and preclinical animal studies. Stem cells also have a role in urological tissue engineering for ex vivo construction of bladder wall and urethral tissue (using a patient's own cells) prior to transplantation. More recent studies have focused on bioactive factor secretion and homing of stem cells. In the future, clinicians are likely to utilize allogeneic stem cell sources, intravenous systemic delivery, and ex vivo cell enhancement to treat voiding dysfunction and ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vaegler
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andrew T Lenis
- The Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Lisa Daum
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bastian Amend
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Patricia Toomey
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Renninger
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Margot S Damaser
- The Cleveland Clinic, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Karl-Dietrich Sievert
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, D72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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Abstract
Development of personalized medicine involves integration of several biotechnologies. This editorial stresses the important role that biological therapies such as cell and gene therapies, recombinant proteins and vaccines play in personalization of treatment. Cell-based therapies, particularly vaccines made from the patient's own tumor cells, were the first therapeutic vaccines for cancer. Adoptive cell therapy is an immunotherapy based on ex vivo expansion of autologous T lymphocytes and subsequent administration to cancer patients. Stem cells as well as genetic modification of cells has been used for in vivo production of therapeutic substances best suited for individual patients. Besides cell therapy, RNAi has been used for personalized therapy of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies, designed to bind specifically to receptors in certain tumors, are also personalized medicines.
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