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Gao W, Zhou J, Morshedi M. MicroRNA-34 and gastrointestinal cancers: a player with big functions. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:163. [PMID: 38725047 PMCID: PMC11084024 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that gastrointestinal cancer is the most common form of cancer across the globe and is the leading contributor to cancer-related death. The intricate mechanisms underlying the growth of GI cancers have been identified. It is worth mentioning that both non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and certain types of RNA, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), can have considerable impact on the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. As a tumour suppressor, in the group of short non-coding regulatory RNAs is miR-34a. miR-34a silences multiple proto-oncogenes at the post-transcriptional stage by targeting them, which inhibits all physiologically relevant cell proliferation pathways. However, it has been discovered that deregulation of miR-34a plays important roles in the growth of tumors and the development of cancer, including invasion, metastasis, and the tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further understanding of miR-34a's molecular pathways in cancer is also necessary for the development of precise diagnoses and effective treatments. We outlined the most recent research on miR-34a functions in GI cancers in this review. Additionally, we emphasize the significance of exosomal miR-34 in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Mohammadamin Morshedi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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2
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Torresan S, de Scordilli M, Bortolot M, Di Nardo P, Foltran L, Fumagalli A, Guardascione M, Ongaro E, Puglisi F. Liquid biopsy in colorectal cancer: Onward and upward. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 194:104242. [PMID: 38128627 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In recent years, liquid biopsy has emerged as one of the most interesting areas of research in oncology, leading to innovative trials and practical changes in all aspects of CRC management. RNAs and cell free DNA (cfDNA) methylation are emerging as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis. Post-surgical circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) can aid in evaluating minimal residual disease and personalising adjuvant treatment. In rectal cancer, ctDNA could improve response assessment to neoadjuvant therapy and risk stratification, especially in the era of organ-preservation trials. In the advanced setting, ctDNA analysis offers the opportunity to monitor treatment response and identify driver and resistance mutations more comprehensively than traditional tissue analysis, providing prognostic and predictive information. The aim of this review is to provide a detailed overview of the clinical applications and future perspectives of liquid biopsy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Torresan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marco de Scordilli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Martina Bortolot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Paola Di Nardo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Luisa Foltran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Arianna Fumagalli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Michela Guardascione
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Elena Ongaro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Fabio Puglisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
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3
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Ebrahimi N, Hakimzadeh A, Bozorgmand F, Speed S, Manavi MS, Khorram R, Farahani K, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Mansouri A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Role of non-coding RNAs as new therapeutic targets in regulating the EMT and apoptosis in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2302-2323. [PMID: 38009668 PMCID: PMC10730205 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2286804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), are the two most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and are serious health concerns worldwide. The discovery of more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, and improved patient prognosis is important. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can regulate cellular processes such as apoptosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to progression and resistance of GC and CRC tumors. Moreover these pathways (apoptosis and EMT) may serve as therapeutic targets, to prevent metastasis, and to overcome drug resistance. A subgroup of ncRNAs is common to both GC and CRC tumors, suggesting that they might be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight some ncRNAs that can regulate EMT and apoptosis as two opposite mechanisms in cancer progression and metastasis in GC and CRC. A better understanding of the biological role of ncRNAs could open up new avenues for the development of personalized treatment plans for GC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hakimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Farima Bozorgmand
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Speed
- Medical Campus, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Farahani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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4
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Ponomaryova AA, Rykova EY, Solovyova AI, Tarasova AS, Kostromitsky DN, Dobrodeev AY, Afanasiev SA, Cherdyntseva NV. Genomic and Transcriptomic Research in the Discovery and Application of Colorectal Cancer Circulating Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12407. [PMID: 37569782 PMCID: PMC10419249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in the world. However, the mortality from CRC can be reduced through early diagnostics, selection of the most effective treatment, observation of the therapy success, and the earliest possible diagnosis of recurrences. A comprehensive analysis of genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to the CRC development is needed to refine diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies and to ensure appropriate decision making in managing specific CRC cases. The liquid biopsy approach utilizing circulating markers has demonstrated its good performance as a tool to detect the changes in the molecular pathways associated with various cancers. In this review, we attempted to brief the main tendencies in the development of circulating DNA and RNA-based markers in CRC such as cancer-associated DNA mutations, DNA methylation changes, and non-coding RNA expression shifts. Attention is devoted to the existing circulating nucleic acid-based CRC markers, the possibility of their application in clinical practice today, and their future improvement. Approaches to the discovery and verification of new markers are described, and the existing problems and potential solutions for them are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A. Ponomaryova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Yu. Rykova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Engineering Problems of Ecology, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630087 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia I. Solovyova
- Department of Biochemistry, Medico-Biological Faculty, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna S. Tarasova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry N. Kostromitsky
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Yu. Dobrodeev
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Afanasiev
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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5
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Fawzy MS, Ibrahiem AT, Bayomy NA, Makhdoom AK, Alanazi KS, Alanazi AM, Mukhlef AM, Toraih EA. MicroRNA-155 and Disease-Related Immunohistochemical Parameters in Cutaneous Melanoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061205. [PMID: 36980512 PMCID: PMC10047208 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a severe and life-threatening form of skin cancer with growing incidences. While novel interventions have improved prognoses for these patients, early diagnosis of targeted treatment remains the most effective approach. MicroRNAs have grown to good use as potential biomarkers for early detection and as targets for treatment. miR-155 is well-studied for its role in tumor cell survival and proliferation in various tissues, although its role in melanoma remains controversial. In silico data analysis was performed in the dbDEMC v.3 to identify differentially expressed miRNA. We validated gene targets in melanoma using TarBase v8.0 and miRPath v3.0 and determined protein-protein interactions of the target genes. One hundred forty patients (age range 21-90 years) with cutaneous melanoma who underwent resection were included. Molecular assessment using Real-Time RT-qPCR, clinicopathological associations, and a literature review for the different roles of miR-155 in melanoma were performed. Analysis of the dbDEMC reveals controversial findings. While there is evidence of upregulation of miR-155 in primary and metastatic melanoma samples, others suggest decreased expression in later-stage melanoma and cases with brain metastasis. miR-155 has been overexpressed in prior cases of melanoma and precancerous lesions, and it was found to be dysregulated when compared to benign nevi. While miR-155 expression was associated with favorable outcomes in some studies, others showed an association with metastasis. Patients with high levels of miR-155 also noted reduction after receiving anti-PD-1 treatment, correlated with more prolonged overall survival. In our patient's cohort, 22.9% relapsed during treatment, and 45% developed recurrence, associated with factors such as lymph node infiltration, high mitotic index, and positive staining for CD117. Although overall analysis revealed miR-155 downregulation in melanoma specimens compared to non-cancer tissues, increased expression of miR-155 was associated with cases of superficial spreading melanoma subtype (p = 0.005) and any melanoma with a high mitotic rate (p = 0.010). The analysis did not identify optimum cutoff values to predict relapse, recurrence, or mortality. In conclusion, miR-155 could have, in part, a potential prognostic utility in cutaneous melanoma. Further mechanistic studies are required to unravel the multifunctional role of miR-155 in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf T Ibrahiem
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naglaa A Bayomy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin K Makhdoom
- Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Alanazi
- Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Eman A Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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6
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Liang C, Yang JB, Lin XY, Xie BL, Xu YX, Lin S, Xu TW. Recent advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of microRNAs in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:911856. [PMID: 36313731 PMCID: PMC9607901 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.911856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the world and one of the leading causes of cancer death; its incidence is still increasing in most countries. The early diagnostic accuracy of CRC is low, and the metastasis rate is high, resulting in a low survival rate of advanced patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small class of noncoding RNAs that can inhibit mRNA translation and trigger mRNA degradation, and can affect a variety of cellular and molecular targets. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are related to tumour progression, immune system activity, anticancer drug resistance, and the tumour microenvironment. Dysregulation of miRNAs occurs in a variety of malignancies, including CRC. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress of miRNAs, their roles in tumour progression and metastasis, and their clinical value as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRC. Furthermore, we combined the roles of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and development with the therapeutic strategies of CRC patients, which will provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Bo Yang
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Lin
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Bi-Lan Xie
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xian Xu
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tian-Wen Xu, ; Shu Lin,
| | - Tian-Wen Xu
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tian-Wen Xu, ; Shu Lin,
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7
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circ-CCND1 regulates the CCND1/P53/P21 pathway through sponging miR-138-5p in valve interstitial cells to aggravate aortic valve calcification. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:845-854. [PMID: 35776289 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
To discuss the effect and mechanism of circular-CCND1 (circ-CCND1) on the regulation of calcified aortic valve disease (CAVD). Differentially expressed circRNAs were screened through the GSE155119 data set and biological prediction. Subsequently, the miR-138-5p, CCND1, and circ-CCND1 expression were detected in the non-calcified and calcified aortic valve. Then Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between the above expression, and dual luciferase and RNA-pull down assays for verifying the target relationship. Porcine aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) were isolated and transfected with pcDNA-circ-CCND1, miR-138-5p inhibitor, and miR-138-5p mimics. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was quantitatively analyzed by ALP staining, and alizarin-red staining was to check the calcium nodules formation. Finally, Western blot was applied to detect the expression of proteins associated with osteogenic differentiation (Runx2, Osterix, OPN) and CCND1/P53/P21 pathway proteins. Circ-CCND1 was highly expressed in calcific aortic valves. After inhibiting circ-CCND1 expression, a significant reduction was shown in ALP activity, the degree of ossification and the formation of calcium nodules in AVICs, and osteogenic differentiation-related protein expression and CCND1/P53/P21 pathway protein expression. By contrast, inhibition of miR-138-5p and circ-CCND1 together promoted the calcification of AVICs and expression of CCND1/P53/P21 pathway proteins. P53 inhibitor (PFT-α) could significantly reduce activation of CCND1/P53/P21 pathway protein expression by circ-CCND1 overexpression. However, P53 activator (Nutlin-3) significantly restored the suppression of the above pathway-related protein expression by downregulation of circ-CCND1. Circ-CCND1 sponges miR-138-5p to regulate CCND1 expression, thereby promoting the calcification of AVICs.
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Adam RS, Poel D, Ferreira Moreno L, Spronck JMA, de Back TR, Torang A, Gomez Barila PM, ten Hoorn S, Markowetz F, Wang X, Verheul HMW, Buffart TE, Vermeulen L. Development of a miRNA-based classifier for detection of colorectal cancer molecular subtypes. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2693-2709. [PMID: 35298091 PMCID: PMC9297751 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, colorectal cancer (CRC) has been classified into four distinct molecular subtypes based on transcriptome data. These consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) have implications for our understanding of tumor heterogeneity and the prognosis of patients. So far, this classification has been based on the use of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), although microRNAs (miRNAs) have also been shown to play a role in tumor heterogeneity and biological differences between CMSs. In contrast to mRNAs, miRNAs have a smaller size and increased stability, facilitating their detection. Therefore, we built a miRNA-based CMS classifier by converting the existing mRNA-based CMS classification using machine learning (training dataset of n = 271). The performance of this miRNA-assigned CMS classifier (CMS-miRaCl) was evaluated in several datasets, achieving an overall accuracy of ~ 0.72 (0.6329-0.7987) in the largest dataset (n = 158). To gain insight into the biological relevance of CMS-miRaCl, we evaluated the most important features in the classifier. We found that miRNAs previously reported to be relevant in microsatellite-instable CRCs or Wnt signaling were important features for CMS-miRaCl. Following further studies to validate its robustness, this miRNA-based alternative might simplify the implementation of CMS classification in clinical workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja S. Adam
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Dennis Poel
- Department of Medical OncologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Leandro Ferreira Moreno
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joey M. A. Spronck
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tim R. de Back
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Arezo Torang
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Patricia M. Gomez Barila
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sanne ten Hoorn
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical SciencesCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong
- Shenzhen Research InstituteCity University of Hong KongShenzhenChina
| | - Henk M. W. Verheul
- Department of Medical OncologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Tineke E. Buffart
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Department of Gastrointestinal OncologyNetherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR)Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine (CEMM)Cancer Center Amsterdam and Amsterdam Gastroenterology and MetabolismAmsterdam University Medical CentersThe Netherlands
- Oncode InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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9
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Mugoni V, Ciani Y, Nardella C, Demichelis F. Circulating RNAs in prostate cancer patients. Cancer Lett 2022; 524:57-69. [PMID: 34656688 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growing bodies of evidence have demonstrated that the identification of prostate cancer (PCa) biomarkers in the patients' blood and urine may remarkably improve PCa diagnosis and progression monitoring. Among diverse cancer-derived circulating materials, extracellular RNA molecules (exRNAs) represent a compelling component to investigate cancer-related alterations. Once outside the intracellular environment, exRNAs circulate in biofluids either in association with protein complexes or encapsulated inside extracellular vesicles (EVs). Notably, EV-associated RNAs (EV-RNAs) were used for the development of several assays (such as the FDA-approved Progensa Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3 test) aiming at improving early PCa detection. EV-RNAs encompass a mixture of species, including small non-coding RNAs (e.g. miRNA and circRNA), lncRNAs and mRNAs. Several methods have been proposed to isolate EVs and relevant RNAs, and to perform RNA-Seq studies to identify potential cancer biomarkers. However, EVs in the circulation of a cancer patient include a multitude of diverse populations that are released by both cancer and normal cells from different tissues, thereby leading to a heterogeneous EV-RNA-associated transcriptional signal. Decrypting the complexity of such a composite signal is nowadays the major challenge faced in the identification of specific tumor-associated RNAs. Multiple deconvolution algorithms have been proposed so far to infer the enrichment of cancer-specific signals from gene expression data. However, novel strategies for EVs sorting and sequencing of RNA associated to single EVs populations will remarkably facilitate the identification of cancer-related molecules. Altogether, the studies summarized here demonstrate the high potential of using EV-RNA biomarkers in PCa and highlight the urgent need of improving technologies and computational approaches to characterize specific EVs populations and their relevant RNA cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Mugoni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Caterina Nardella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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10
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Nong A, Li Q, Huang Z, Xu Y, He K, Jia Y, Cen Z, Liao L, Huang Y. MicroRNA miR-126 attenuates brain injury in septic rats via NF-κB signaling pathway. Bioengineered 2021; 12:2639-2648. [PMID: 34115555 PMCID: PMC8806573 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1937905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact and mechanism of microRNA miR-126 on brain injury induced by blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage in septic rats. We used cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) to create a rat model of sepsis. The experimental rats were randomly divided into Control group, CLP group, CLP + miR-NC group, CLP + miR-126 group and CLP + miR-126 + NF-κB pathway agonist (PMA) group. MiR-126 expressed in the brain tissue of CLP rats was down-regulated by qRT-PCR. Upregulation of miR-126 in CLP rats could improve brain injury and BBB marker protein level, reduce brain water content, Evans blue extravasation, inflammation, and excessive oxidative stress. This could also result in an inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activity. In conclusion, miR-126 overexpression can prevent brain injury caused by BBB damage via the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nong
- Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Zhijing Huang
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine Ward 1, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Yunan Xu
- Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Kebin He
- Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Yuying Jia
- Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Zhenyi Cen
- Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Lianghua Liao
- Graduate School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
| | - Yueyan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi China
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Nassar FJ, Msheik ZS, Itani MM, Helou RE, Hadla R, Kreidieh F, Bejjany R, Mukherji D, Shamseddine A, Nasr RR, Temraz SN. Circulating miRNA as Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Liver Metastasis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020341. [PMID: 33669508 PMCID: PMC7921943 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Stage IV CRC patients have poor prognosis with a five-year survival rate of 14%. Liver metastasis is the main cause of mortality in CRC patients. Since current screening tests have several drawbacks, effective stable non-invasive biomarkers such as microRNA (miRNA) are needed. We aim to investigate the expression of miRNA (miR-21, miR-19a, miR-23a, miR-29a, miR-145, miR-203, miR-155, miR-210, miR-31, and miR-345) in the plasma of 62 Lebanese Stage IV CRC patients and 44 healthy subjects using RT-qPCR, as well as to evaluate their potential for diagnosis of advanced CRC and its liver metastasis using the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve. miR-21, miR-145, miR-203, miR-155, miR-210, miR-31, and miR-345 were significantly upregulated in the plasma of surgery naïve CRC patients when compared to healthy individuals. We identified two panels of miRNA that could be used for diagnosis of Stage IV CRC (miR-21 and miR-210) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.731 and diagnostic accuracy of 69% and liver metastasis (miR-210 and miR-203) with an AUC = 0.833 and diagnostic accuracy of 72%. Panels of specific circulating miRNA, which require further validation, could be potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for CRC and liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah J. Nassar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Zahraa S. Msheik
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.M.); (M.M.I.)
| | - Maha M. Itani
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.M.); (M.M.I.)
| | - Remie El Helou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ruba Hadla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Firas Kreidieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Rachelle Bejjany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Ali Shamseddine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Rihab R. Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (Z.S.M.); (M.M.I.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.N.); (S.N.T.)
| | - Sally N. Temraz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.J.N.); (R.E.H.); (R.H.); (F.K.); (R.B.); (D.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.N.); (S.N.T.)
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12
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Zheng Z, Li J, An J, Feng Y, Wang L. High miR-324-5p expression predicts unfavorable prognosis of gastric cancer and facilitates tumor progression in tumor cells. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:5. [PMID: 33430926 PMCID: PMC7798222 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-01063-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GCa) is one of the six major malignancies in the world with low survival rate. Although there are advances in therapeutic approaches, the prognosis of patients with GCa remains not optimistic. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-324-5p, as well as its functional role in GCa progression. Methods The expression of miR-324-5p in tumor tissues and cell lines was examined using real-time quantitative PCR. The prognostic value of miR-324-5p in patients with GCa was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression analysis. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to evaluate the biological function of miR-324-5p during the progression of GCa, and a target gene of miR-324-5p was proposed. Results The expression of miR-324-5p was up-regulated in GCa tissues and cell lines. Patients with high expression of miR-324-5p had more cases with positive lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and worse overall survival compared with patients with low expression. The elevated miR-324-5p was an independent prognostic indicator of GCa. In addition, the inhibition of miR-324-5p could suppress GCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promote cell apoptosis, and PTEN was demonstrated to serve as a direct target of miR-324-5p in GCa progression. Conclusion The present study indicates that miR-324-5p overexpression predicts poor prognosis in GCa patients, and the reduction of miR-324-5p can inhibit GCa biological processes. PTEN is a target gene of GCa, which may mediate the biological function of miR-324-5p in GCa progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13000-020-01063-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Weifang Municipal Hospital, Weifang, 261021, Shandong, China
| | - Junyan An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Yikuan Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunshine Union Hospital, No.9000 Yingqian Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China.
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13
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Machackova T, Trachtova K, Prochazka V, Grolich T, Farkasova M, Fiala L, Sefr R, Kiss I, Skrovina M, Dosoudil M, Berindan-Neagoe I, Svoboda M, Slaby O, Kala Z. Tumor microRNAs Identified by Small RNA Sequencing as Potential Response Predictors in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:249-257. [PMID: 32345666 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Rectal cancer accounts for approximately one-third of all colorectal cancers. Currently, the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with capecitabine or 5-fluorouracil followed by curative surgery. Unfortunately, only 20% of patients with LARC present complete pathological response after CRT, whereas in 20-40% cases the response is poor or absent. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor biopsy specimen have the potential to predict therapeutic response in LARC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total 87 LARC patients treated by CRT were enrolled in our prospective study. To identify predictive miRNAs, we used small RNA sequencing in 40 tumor biopsy samples of LARC patients (20 responders, 20 non-responders) and qPCR validation of selected miRNA candidates. RESULTS In the discovery phase of the study, we identified 69 miRNAs to have significantly different expression between the group of responders (TRG 1,2) and a group of non-responders (TRG 4,5) to neoadjuvant CRT. Among these miRNAs, 48 showed a lower expression and 21 showed higher expression in tumor tissues from poorly responding LARC patients. Five miRNAs were selected for validation, but only miR-487a-3p was confirmed to have a significantly higher expression in the tumor biopsy specimens of non-responders to neoadjuvant CRT (p<0.0006, AUC=0.766). Gene Ontology (GO) clustering and pathway enrichment analysis of the miR-487a-3p mRNA targets, revealed potential mechanisms behind miR-487a-3p roles in chemoradioresistance (e.g. TGF-beta signaling pathway, protein kinase activity, double-stranded DNA binding, or microRNAs in cancer). CONCLUSION By combination of miRNA expression profiling and integrative computational biology we identified miR-487a-3p as a potential predictive biomarker of CRT response in LARC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Machackova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Trachtova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Grolich
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Farkasova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Fiala
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sefr
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Skrovina
- Department of Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic.,Department of Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dosoudil
- Department of Surgery, Hospital & Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Novy Jicin, Czech Republic
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marek Svoboda
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic .,Department of Pathology, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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14
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Chen KH, Pan MJ, Jargalsaikhan Z, Ishdorj TO, Tseng FG. Development of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Surface-Corrugated Nanopillars for Biomolecular Detection of Colorectal Cancer. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E163. [PMID: 33142781 PMCID: PMC7692079 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a nanobiosensor with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) capability is introduced for highly sensitive miRNA detection in colorectal cancer. This sensor was designed and fabricated by employing a nanoshielding mechanism from nanopolystyrene beads to resist reactive ion etching and allow anisotropic electrochemical etching, producing high-aspect-ratio, surface-corrugated nanopillars (SiNPs) on a silicon wafer to create extensive hot spots along the nanopillars for improved SERS signals. SERS enhancements were correlated with nanorange roughness, indicating that hot spots along the pillars were the crucial factor to improve the SERS effect. We achieved the detection capability of a trace amount of R6G (10-8 M), and the SERS signal enhancement factor (EF) was close to 1.0 × 107 on surface-corrugated gold SiNPs. miRNA samples were also demonstrated on this sensor with good sensitivity and specificity. The target molecule miR-21-Cy5 was easily monitored through Raman spectrum variation with a PCR-comparable concentration at around 100 pM with clear nucleotide-specific Raman signals, which is also suitable for biomolecule sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Chen
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Ju Pan
- Engineering and System Science Dept., National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Zoljargal Jargalsaikhan
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 13341-0048, Mongolia; (Z.J.); (T.-O.I.)
| | - Tseren-Onolt Ishdorj
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 13341-0048, Mongolia; (Z.J.); (T.-O.I.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
- Engineering and System Science Dept., National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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15
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Ourô S, Mourato C, Ferreira MP, Albergaria D, Cardador A, Castro RE, Maio R, Rodrigues CMP. Evaluation of Tissue and Circulating miR-21 as Potential Biomarker of Response to Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E246. [PMID: 32937907 PMCID: PMC7559906 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Response to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (RC) is quite variable and it is urgent to find predictive biomarkers of response. We investigated miR-21 as tissue and plasma biomarker of response to CRT in a prospective cohort of RC patients; The expression of miR-21 was analyzed in pre- and post-CRT rectal tissue and plasma in 37 patients with RC. Two groups were defined: Pathological responders (TRG 0, 1 and 2) and non-responders (TRG 3). The association between miR-21, clinical and oncological outcomes was assessed; miR-21 was upregulated in tumor tissue and we found increased odds of overexpression in pre-CRT tumor tissue (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 0.40-6.63, p = 0.498) and pre-CRT plasma (OR: 1.79; 95% CI: 0.45-7.19, p = 0.414) of non-responders. The overall recurrence risk increased with miR-21 overexpression in pre-CRT tumor tissue (HR: 2.175, p = 0.37); Significantly higher miR-21 expression is observed in tumor tissue comparing with non-neoplastic. Increased odds of non-response is reported in patients expressing higher miR-21, although without statistical significance. This is one of the first studies on circulating miR-21 as a potential biomarker of response to CRT in RC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ourô
- Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal; (M.P.F.); (D.A.); (R.M.)
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Mourato
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.C.); (R.E.C.)
| | - Marisa P. Ferreira
- Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal; (M.P.F.); (D.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Diogo Albergaria
- Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal; (M.P.F.); (D.A.); (R.M.)
| | - André Cardador
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.C.); (R.E.C.)
| | - Rui E. Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.C.); (R.E.C.)
| | - Rui Maio
- Surgical Department, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal; (M.P.F.); (D.A.); (R.M.)
- NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.C.); (R.E.C.)
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16
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Saberinia A, Alinezhad A, Jafari F, Soltany S, Akhavan Sigari R. Oncogenic miRNAs and target therapies in colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Song N, Pei Z, Fu G. MiR‐1224‐5p acts as a tumor suppressor via inhibiting the malignancy of rectal cancer through targeting SLC29A3. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2204-2213. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na‐Sha Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Luoyang Central Affiliated to Zhengzhou university Luoyang P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Dong Pei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Luoyang Central Affiliated to Zhengzhou university Luoyang P. R. China
| | - Gui Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Luoyang Central Affiliated to Zhengzhou university Luoyang P. R. China
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18
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Kong J, Wang W. A Systemic Review on the Regulatory Roles of miR-34a in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2855-2872. [PMID: 32308419 PMCID: PMC7138617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s234549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded small-molecule RNAs that regulate gene expression by repressing target messenger RNA (mRNA) translation or degrading mRNA. miR-34a is one of the most important miRNAs participating in various physiological and pathological processes. miR-34a is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors. The roles of miR-34a in gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) draw lots of attention. Numerous studies have demonstrated that dysregulated miR-34a is closely related to the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells, as well as the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and chemo-resistance of tumors. Thus, we systematically reviewed the abnormal expression and regulatory roles of miR-34a in GICs including esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic cancer (PC), and gallbladder cancer (GBC). It may provide a profile of versatile roles of miR-34a in GICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehong Kong
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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19
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Yang LW, Wu XJ, Liang Y, Ye GQ, Che YC, Wu XZ, Zhu XJ, Fan HL, Fan XP, Xu JF. miR-155 increases stemness and decitabine resistance in triple-negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting TSPAN5. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:447-461. [PMID: 32096299 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Effective therapeutic targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a special type of breast cancer (BC) with rapid metastasis and poor prognosis, are lacking, especially for patients with chemotherapy resistance. Decitabine (DCA) is a Food and Drug Administration-approved DNA methyltransferase inhibitor that has been proven effective for the treatment of tumors. However, its antitumor effect in cancer cells is limited by multidrug resistance. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are thought to act as seeds during tumor formation, regulate tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance through complex signaling. Our previous study found that miR-155 is upregulated in BC, but whether and how miR-155 regulates DCA resistance is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-155 was upregulated in CD24- CD44+ BC stem cells (BCSCs). In addition, the overexpression of miR-155 increased the number of CD24- CD44+ CSCs, DCA resistance and tumor clone formation in MDA-231 and BT-549 BC cells, and knockdown of miR-155 inhibited DCA resistance and stemness in BCSCs in vitro. Moreover, miR-155 induced stemness and DCA resistance by inhibiting the direct target gene tetraspanin-5 (TSPAN5). We further confirmed that overexpression of TSPAN5 abrogated the effect of miR-155 in promoting stemness and DCA resistance in BC cells. Our data show that miR-155 increases stemness and DCA resistance in BC cells by targeting TSPAN5. These data provide a therapeutic strategy and mechanistic basis for future possible clinical applications targeting the miR-155/TSPAN5 signaling axis in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- La-Wei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Jin Wu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guang-Qing Ye
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu-Chuang Che
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Xue-Zhen Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Huo-Liang Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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20
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TP53/miR-34a-associated signaling targets SERPINE1 expression in human pancreatic cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:2777-2797. [PMID: 31986125 PMCID: PMC7041729 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease of aging. The TP53 gene product regulates cell growth, aging, and cancer. To determine the important targets of TP53 in PDAC, we examined the expression of 440 proteins on a reverse phase protein array (RPPA) in PDAC-derived MIA-PaCa-2 cells which either had WT-TP53 or lacked WT-TP53. MIA-PaCa-2 cells have a TP53 mutation as well as mutant KRAS and represent a good in vitro model to study PDAC. RPPA analysis demonstrated expression of tumor promoting proteins in cells that lacked WT-TP53; and this feature could be reversed significantly when the cells were transfected with vector encoding WT-TP53 or treated with berberine or a modified berberine (BBR). Expression of miR-34a-associated signaling was elevated in cells expressing WT-TP53 compared to cells expressing mTP53. Results from in vivo studies using human PDAC specimens confirmed the in vitro results as the expression of miR-34a and associated signaling was significantly decreased in PDAC specimens compared to non-cancerous tissues. This study determined SERPINE1 as a miR-34a target with relevance to the biology of PDAC. Thus, we have identified a key target (SERPINE1) of the TP53/miR-34a axis that may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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21
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Tian YQ, Fan ZJ, Liu S, Wu YJ, Liu SY. Value of microRNAs in diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1278-1284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i20.1278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Some new treatment methods have been explored to delay the recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC). Early diagnosis plays an important role in the improvement of curative effect. The conventional methods used to diagnose and monitor CRC are fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy. However, FOBT has an unsatisfactory sensitivity, while colonoscopy is expensive and invasive. As new biomarkers, microRNAs, which can be detected in CRC tissues, cells, and body fluid as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, can be used in early diagnosis, the monitoring of metastasis and treatment, as well prognostic evaluation of CRC. This article reviews the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNAs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qiong Tian
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Zhi-Juan Fan
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yu-Jing Wu
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Shu-Ye Liu
- Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
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Machackova T, Prochazka V, Kala Z, Slaby O. Translational Potential of MicroRNAs for Preoperative Staging and Prediction of Chemoradiotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101545. [PMID: 31614848 PMCID: PMC6827048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second cause of cancer-related deaths. Rectal cancer presents roughly one-third of all colorectal cancer cases and differs from it on both anatomical and molecular levels. While standard treatment of colon cancer patients is radical surgery, rectal cancer is usually treated with pre-operative chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision, which requires precise estimation of TNM staging. Unfortunately, stage evaluation is based solely on imaging modalities, and they often do not correlate with postoperative pathological findings. Moreover, approximately half of rectal cancer patients do not respond to such pre-operative therapy, so they are exposed to its toxic effects without any clinical benefit. Thus, biomarkers that could precisely predict pre-operative TNM staging, and especially response to therapy, would significantly advance rectal cancer treatment—but till now, no such biomarker has been identified. In cancer research, microRNAs are emerging biomarkers due to their connection with carcinogenesis and exceptional stability. Circulating miRNAs are promising non-invasive biomarkers that could allow monitoring of a patient throughout the whole therapeutic process. This mini-review aims to summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs and circulating miRNAs involved in the prediction of response to treatment and pre-operative staging in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tana Machackova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, European Institute of Technology, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimir Prochazka
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Department of Molecular Medicine, European Institute of Technology, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Mironova N, Vlassov V. Surveillance of Tumour Development: The Relationship Between Tumour-Associated RNAs and Ribonucleases. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1019. [PMID: 31572192 PMCID: PMC6753386 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour progression is accompanied by rapid cell proliferation, loss of differentiation, the reprogramming of energy metabolism, loss of adhesion, escape of immune surveillance, induction of angiogenesis, and metastasis. Both coding and regulatory RNAs expressed by tumour cells and circulating in the blood are involved in all stages of tumour progression. Among the important tumour-associated RNAs are intracellular coding RNAs that determine the routes of metabolic pathways, cell cycle control, angiogenesis, adhesion, apoptosis and pathways responsible for transformation, and intracellular and extracellular non-coding RNAs involved in regulation of the expression of their proto-oncogenic and oncosuppressing mRNAs. Considering the diversity/variability of biological functions of RNAs, it becomes evident that extracellular RNAs represent important regulators of cell-to-cell communication and intracellular cascades that maintain cell proliferation and differentiation. In connection with the elucidation of such an important role for RNA, a surge in interest in RNA-degrading enzymes has increased. Natural ribonucleases (RNases) participate in various cellular processes including miRNA biogenesis, RNA decay and degradation that has determined their principal role in the sustention of RNA homeostasis in cells. Findings were obtained on the contribution of some endogenous ribonucleases in the maintenance of normal cell RNA homeostasis, which thus prevents cell transformation. These findings directed attention to exogenous ribonucleases as tools to compensate for the malfunction of endogenous ones. Recently a number of proteins with ribonuclease activity were discovered whose intracellular function remains unknown. Thus, the comprehensive investigation of physiological roles of RNases is still required. In this review we focused on the control mechanisms of cell transformation by endogenous ribonucleases, and the possibility of replacing malfunctioning enzymes with exogenous ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Mironova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentin Vlassov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Yin C, Zheng X, Xiang H, Li H, Gao M, Meng X, Yang K. Differential expression profile analysis of cisplatin‑regulated miRNAs in a human gastric cancer cell line. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1966-1976. [PMID: 31257509 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, one of the most commonly used drugs in combination chemotherapy, is an effective anti‑tumor agent widely used for diverse tumor types. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are involved in the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore whether cisplatin exerts anticancer effects by causing differential expression of miRNAs in human gastric cancer cells. The human gastric cancer cell line NCI‑N87 was cultured with a certain dose of cisplatin and high‑throughput sequencing combined with reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) was performed to detect cisplatin‑regulated miRNAs. miRNAs upregulated and downregulated following cisplatin exposure were analyzed. High‑throughput sequencing revealed 33 upregulated and 16 downregulated miRNAs. A total of five significantly upregulated and five significantly downregulated miRNAs were identified by RT‑qPCR. The expression levels of hsa‑miR‑1246 and hsa‑miR‑892b were consistent with the results obtained from high‑throughput sequencing. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway clustering of cisplatin‑regulated miRNAs revealed that the miRNAs regulated genes involved in several biological processes and signaling pathways. The results obtained in the current study suggested that cisplatin may exert an important anticancer effect in gastric cancer via complex biological processes and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Yin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xianxian Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hefei Binhu Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Heping Xiang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - He Li
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xiangling Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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