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Hase R, Niiyama Y, Mito H. Evaluation of the seroprevalence of measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella and the requirement for additional vaccination based on the JSIPC guidelines among emergency medical technicians at eight fire stations in Narita, Japan: a project review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:1989922. [PMID: 34756159 PMCID: PMC9891669 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1989922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited data are available regarding the seroprevalence of measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) among emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in Japan. The present study aimed to review a project to evaluate adequate immunity against MMRV for the requirement of additional vaccination among EMTs in accordance with the Japanese Society for Infection Prevention and Control guidelines. A retrospective observational study was conducted as part of a vaccination program for EMTs. Each participant was evaluated for medical history, vaccination history, and serology using the criteria established by the Japanese Society of Infection Prevention and Control. In total, 85 EMTs (median age, 31 years; male, 92.9%) were included. Among the included EMTs, 32 (37.6%), 54 (63.5%), 46 (54.1%), and 84 (98.9%) were seropositive for measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella, respectively, whereas 1 (1.2%), 6 (7.1%), 5 (5.9%), and 0 (0%) were seronegative. Furthermore, 48 (56.5%), 27 (31.8%), 45 (52.9%), and 8 (9.4%) EMTs received an additional dose of vaccines for measles, rubella, mumps, and varicella, respectively. The present study suggests that EMTs are not fully immune to MMRV, which highlights the need for confirming the immune status and additional vaccination requirement to prevent occupational infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hase
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kameda Medical Center, Chiba, Japan,CONTACT Ryota Hase Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Iida-cho 90-1, Narita, Chiba286-8523, Japan
| | - Yu Niiyama
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kameda Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Haruki Mito
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Morino S, Satoh H, Arai S, Suzuki M, Tanaka-Taya K. A seroepidemiological study across age groups before and after the 2010-2011 mumps epidemic in Japan. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5385-5391. [PMID: 35799316 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In Japan, large-scale mumps epidemics recur every 4-6 years because of low vaccination coverage. This study aimed to describe the seroprevalence of mumps in the Japanese population and identify the age groups most affected. The prevalence of anti-mumps antibodies was evaluated based on 1000 serum samples obtained from the Japanese National Serum Reference Bank. These samples consisted of 50 sera for each of 10 different age groups, collected during 2007-2008 (pre-epidemic period) and 2012-2013 (post-epidemic period). Seropositivity was lowest in the 6-11 months subgroup (3% and 0% in pre- and post-epidemic periods, respectively) and highest in the 10-14 years group (66% and 72% in pre- and post-epidemic periods, respectively). A comparison of anti-mumps antibody prevalence throughout the two periods considered revealed a large rise in seropositivity among the 2004-2008 birth cohort, using that of the 1-4 years group as representative in the pre-epidemic period (from 22% in pre- to 58% in post-epidemic periods; p = 0.0002). These results indicate that most people likely gain antibodies to the mumps virus during their childhood, especially during the first epidemic that they experience after their second year of life. Therefore, children should be vaccinated against mumps soon after their first birthday for effective prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeko Morino
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Satoh
- Environmental Health Division, Takasaki City Health Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Satoru Arai
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka-Taya
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Kanagawa Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Liu Y, Cui X, Xi J, Xie Y. Clinical efficacy evaluation and potential mechanism prediction on Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid in treatment of mumps in children based on meta-analysis, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:956219. [PMID: 36210814 PMCID: PMC9537475 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.956219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mumps is caused by the mumps virus and is characterized by pain and parotid gland swelling. Although its incidence has declined due to vaccines, outbreaks still occur among children. In addition, it can lead to severe complications, so it has a certain perniciousness. Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid (PDL), a Chinese patent medicine, commonly treats children with mumps. However, its safety, efficacy, and specific mechanisms lack relevant evaluation and analysis. Therefore, we did a meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials combined with a network pharmacology analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of PDL in relieving symptoms of mumps in children and investigate its pharmacological mechanisms. Methods: This study systematically searched the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Database, Sinomed, Chinese Medical Journal Full-text Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for the published randomized controlled trials (date up to 3 March 2022; studies in both English and Chinese) comparing PDL and antiviral drug combination treatment to standalone antiviral drug treatment. The primary outcomes in this study were the effective rate and duration of five characteristic symptoms of children's mumps. We assessed the pooled data by using a fix-effect or random-effect model. We illustrated an odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using the Stata 15 software. In network pharmacology, active components of PDL were collected from the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology technology platform and the CNKI studies, while mumps' targets were collected from databases of the Genecards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and then we constructed a "drug-component-target" network and a protein-protein interaction network using Cytoscape 3.9.0 for screening the core components and targets. Next, we ran Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of intersection targets of PDL and mumps. Finally, molecular docking was performed between core components and targets. Results: Of 70 identified studies, 12 were eligible and included in our analysis (N = 1,307 participants). Compared with the antiviral drug treatments, combination treatment using PDL and antiviral drugs provided higher effective rates (OR = 5.94), shorter symptom durations for fever (SMD = -1.05), headache (SMD = -0.69), parotid gland swelling (SMD = -1.30), parotid gland pain (SMD = -2.53), and loss of appetite (SMD = -0.56) with fewer reported side effects. Of the 113 active components of PDL and 57 mumps' targets, 11 core components like quercetin, isoetin, and seven core targets such as albumin (ALB) and interleukin-6 were obtained. Moreover, the potential pathways identified included cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and T helper cell 17 (Th17 cell) differentiation. Molecular docking results revealed that most core components and targets could form stable structures. The core components, including isoetin, quercetin, and luteolin, and core targets involving heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha (HSP90AA1), estrogen receptor (ESR1), and ALB showed the best affinities. Conclusion: The combined use of PDL and antiviral drugs could effectively improve the efficacy of mumps among children and rapidly alleviate mumps-related symptoms. This efficacy may be associated with the anti-inflammatory and antiviral mechanisms by which PDL acts using multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. However, these results should be confirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yanming Xie
- Institute of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hoshi SL, Okubo R, Tabuchi K, Seposo X, Shono A, Kondo M. Cost-effectiveness analyses of monovalent mumps vaccination programs for Japanese children. Vaccine 2022; 40:5513-5522. [PMID: 35965241 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common preventative measure against mumps is vaccination with mumps vaccine. Over 122 countries have implemented mumps vaccine routine immunization programs, mostly via Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine. In Japan, the unexpectedly high incidence of aseptic meningitis caused by mumps vaccine led to the discontinuation of the MMR national vaccination program in 1993, inadvertently resulting in the re-emergence of mumps. Plans of introducing monovalent mumps vaccine into routine vaccination schedule have become one of the emerging topics in health policy that has warranted the need in evaluating its value for money. METHODS We conducted cost-effectiveness analyses with Markov model and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of two different vaccination programs (a single-dose program at one-year-old, a two-dose program with second dose uptakes at five) compared to status quo from both payers' and societal perspectives. Transition probabilities and utility weights in estimating quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), and disease treatment costs were either estimated or obtained from literature. Costs per vaccination were assumed at ¥6140 (US$58;1US$ = ¥106). RESULTS Both programs reduce disease treatment costs compared to status quo, while the reduction cannot offset vaccination cost. ICER of either program is found to be under ¥5,000,000 (US$47,170)/QALY willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold from either perspective. Results of probabilistic sensitivity analyses expressed by net monetary benefit indicated that at the WTP threshold, the acceptability is at 92.6% for two-dose vaccination program, 0% for single-dose vaccination program, and 7.4% for current no vaccination program. Two-dose program was optimal among the alternatives. One-way sensitivity analyses revealed that proportion of mumps-related hearing loss among mumps cases and vaccine effectiveness (VE) were key variables in changing the ICERs. CONCLUSION Routine vaccination program of single- and two-dose programs were cost-effective from both payers' and societal perspectives. Between the two, the two-dose vaccination program was observed to be more favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Hoshi
- Department of Health Care Policy and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577 Japan.
| | - Reiko Okubo
- Department of Health Care Policy and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577 Japan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiji Tabuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058576 Japan
| | - Xerxes Seposo
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Aiko Shono
- Laboratory of Social Pharmacy and Regulatory Science, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Masahide Kondo
- Department of Health Care Policy and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577 Japan
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Fife D, Fortin S, Qiu H, Yamazaki M, Najarian D, Voss EA. Baseline risk characterization of early versus later adopters of long-acting paliperidone palmitate formulations. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2022; 42:347-351. [PMID: 35650169 PMCID: PMC9515715 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Early Post‐Marketing Phase Vigilance (EPPV) is a unique system that encourages reporting of serious adverse reactions for medications newly introduced to Japan. When a once‐monthly paliperidone palmitate formulation (PP1M) was introduced in Japan in 2013, EPPV detected a signal of increased mortality, but this signal was not subsequently confirmed. To clarify whether that signal reflected increased adverse event reporting or an atypically high baseline mortality risk among early adopters of PP1M, we evaluated the baseline risk characteristics of early, mid, and later adopters of PP1M in a Japanese database and did a similar evaluation of PP1M and the three‐monthly formulation (PP3M) in two US databases. In Japan, early adopters compared with later adopters were older (mean 39.16 vs 33.70 years) but had a lower proportion of male patients (32.0% vs 44.44%), and a lower mean number of antipsychotic medications (distinct active medical substances) other than paliperidone (2.62 vs 2.85). In the United States, the baseline characteristics of early adopters of PP1M and PP3M did not suggest higher mortality risk than later adopters. These results offer no convincing evidence that the unconfirmed early signal of increased mortality with PP1M was due to increased baseline mortality risk among early adopters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fife
- Department of Epidemiology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Stephen Fortin
- Department of Epidemiology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Michiyo Yamazaki
- Department of Epidemiology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dean Najarian
- Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA
| | - Erica A Voss
- Department of Epidemiology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, New Jersey, USA
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Ohfuji S, Tanaka T, Nakano T, Kase T, Kondo K, Fukushima W, Hirota Y. Annual trends in adverse events following mumps vaccination in Japan: A retrospective study. Vaccine 2022; 40:988-993. [PMID: 35058077 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, a monovalent mumps vaccine is provided on a voluntary basis. Due to public concerns over post-vaccination aseptic meningitis, the vaccination coverage is not high enough. The present study investigated the incidence of adverse events, including aseptic meningitis, after Torii strain-derived mumps vaccination. METHODS This retrospective, observational study used data collected by a vaccine manufacturer regarding adverse events following mumps vaccinations at medical institutions between 1992 and 2018. In addition, the number of Torii strain-derived mumps vaccines shipped each year was obtained. The incidence (per 100,000 doses) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for all adverse events and each adverse event, categorized as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, mumps, mumps complications, and others. RESULTS During the study period, 8,262,121 mumps vaccine doses were shipped, and 688 subjects reported adverse events. The incidence for all adverse events (per 100,000 doses) was 8.33, and the incidence was 4.19 for aseptic meningitis, 0.33 for encephalitis, 0.80 for mumps, 0.25 for mumps complications, and 3.78 for others. The incidence of aseptic meningitis (per 100,000 doses) was 7.90 (95% CI: 5.61-10.18) between 1998 and 2000 but declined by half, to 3.91 (2.46-5.36), between 2001 and 2003. The most recent incidence (per 100,000 doses) of aseptic meningitis, for the period 2016 to 2018, was 2.78 (1.94-3.62). CONCLUSION The incidence of post-vaccination aseptic meningitis has declined significantly since 2001, and the incidence has remained stable at fewer than 3 cases per 100,000 doses since 2010. Multiple factors might have contributed to the decline in aseptic meningitis incidence, including (i) lowered misclassification of aseptic meningitis resulting from echovirus infection; (ii) changes in the vaccine manufacturing process in 2000; and (iii) publication in 2008 of the recommendation for vaccination of children at 1 year of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Ohfuji
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1 Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama 700-8505, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1 Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama-city, Okayama 700-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kase
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kondo
- Osaka City University Hospital, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Wakaba Fukushima
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshio Hirota
- Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka-city, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, SOUSEIKAI, 3-5-1, Kashii-Teriha Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan
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Sasaki H, Fukunaga T, Asano A, Yamanaka K, Oikawa K, Shibata N. Seroprevalence of anti-mumps virus IgG antibody titer and voluntary mumps vaccination coverage in young adults in Japan. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3153-3155. [PMID: 33877956 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1913967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In Japan, monovalent vaccine against mumps virus (MuV) infection was shifted to a voluntary basis vaccination due to the incidences of aseptic meningitis in the past. According to an analysis of a total of 409 participants aged 18-20 years, overall vaccination coverage rate was 48%. The mean anti-MuV IgG antibody titer of participants with medical history and more than two times vaccination was significantly higher than that in those without a medical history and unvaccinated and single vaccination, respectively. Seropositivity against MuV infection was >50% regardless of the number of vaccinations. Although these results suggest that seropositivity may persist due to asymptomatic infection, it is necessary to implement either a high vaccine coverage or routine vaccination for prevention of periodic mumps epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Sasaki
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Fukunaga
- Section of Health Management, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Ai Asano
- Section of Health Management, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Kansuke Yamanaka
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Kota Oikawa
- Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Nobuto Shibata
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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