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Sánchez-Fernández M, Borda-Mas M, Horvath Z, Demetrovics Z. Similarities and differences in the psychological factors associated with generalised problematic internet use, problematic social media use, and problematic online gaming. Compr Psychiatry 2024; 134:152512. [PMID: 38955108 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Problematic online behaviours are a concern among university students. Although previous research has identified that psychological distress, cognitive distortions, conscientiousness and neuroticism traits, motor impulsivity, and emotion regulation strategies have a significant direct effect on generalised problematic Internet use (GPIU), problematic social media use (PSMU), and problematic online gaming (POG), it is still necessary to determine the extent to which these psychological factors, taken together, are associated with each of the problematic online behaviours. In a sample of 690 Spanish university students, the present study examined the relationship of these psychological factors with GPIU, PSMU, and POG. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. Results reported that (1) high psychological distress, low conscientiousness trait and high motor impulsivity were common associated factors of GPIU and PSMU, but not of POG; (2) high levels of cognitive distortions and cognitive reappraisal were common associated factors of GPIU, PSMU and POG; and (3) expressive suppression and neuroticism trait had no effect on any of the three problematic online behaviours. The findings will help to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies for each problematic online behaviour in the university context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla), Seville, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Borda-Mas
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla), Seville, Spain.
| | - Zsolt Horvath
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar.
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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Liu Z, Cheng H, Guan H, Yang X, Chen Z. Effect of paternal-maternal parenting styles on college students' internet addiction of different genders: The mediating role of life satisfaction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303554. [PMID: 38743694 PMCID: PMC11093304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the current situation of paternal-maternal parenting style, life satisfaction, and internet addiction among college students and explored the influence of paternal-maternal parenting styles and life satisfaction on the internet addiction of male and female college students. A questionnaire survey was administered to 967 college students in China. Life satisfaction partially mediated the effect of the paternal-maternal parenting styles on the internet addiction among college students. However, this mediating role completely varied by gender, and the dimensions of parental styles also had different effects. For male college students, life satisfaction mediated the two dimensions of parenting styles (the father's emotional warmth, the father's overprotection) and internet addiction; the mother's emotional warmth directly related to the internet addiction. Among females, life satisfaction played a partial mediating role between two dimensions of parenting styles (the father's emotional warmth, the mother's interference and protection) and internet addiction. the father's punitiveness and over-involvement were directly related to female students' internet addiction. The study reveals that the mediating effect of life satisfaction on parenting styles and internet addiction among college students is influenced by gender, and the relationship between different parenting styles and internet addiction also varies. These findings indicate that paying attention to the role of the family, especially the parenting style of fathers, is crucial for preventing internet addiction in the future. Prevention and intervention should be treated differently for male and female students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Liu
- School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Hexu Guan
- School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Yang
- School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Zi Chen
- School of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, China
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Otero-López JM, Santiago MJ, Castro MC. Big Five Personality Traits and Compulsive Buying: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 14:103-116. [PMID: 38248127 PMCID: PMC10814197 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The inter-relationships between the Big Five personality traits, self-esteem, and compulsive buying are supported by strong empirical evidence. What is yet unknown is to what extent self-esteem can channel the influence of personality traits on compulsive buying. The main objective of this study is to explore the possible mediating role of self-esteem in the link between the Big Five personality traits and compulsive buying. Path analysis results, using a sample of 487 university students, generally confirm the suitability of the proposed model in which self-esteem mediated the effects of the Big Five personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, and conscientiousness) on compulsive buying. Moreover, a direct effect of neuroticism and conscientiousness on compulsive buying was found. Finally, based on the finding that self-esteem acts as a necessary filter in the analysis of the five factors-compulsive buying relationship, several action-oriented guidelines for the prevention or intervention of this behavioral problem are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Otero-López
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, C/Xosé María Suárez Nuñez, s/n, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.J.S.); (M.C.C.)
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OLGUN KAVAL N, GÖRGÜ AKÇAY NS, KILIÇ G. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kişilik Özellikleri, Üstbiliş, İnternet Kullanım Fonksiyonu ve Problemli İnternet Kullanım Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. YAŞAM BECERILERI PSIKOLOJI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.31461/ybpd.1193663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Üniversite öğrencilerinin problemli internet kullanımı ile ilişkili olabilecek faktörlerin incelenmesinin ve olası risk durumlarının belirlenmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Üniversite dönemi, bireylerin ebeveyn kontrolünden uzaklaşıp kendi kararlarını vermeye ve hayatlarına yön vermeye başladıkları kritik bir dönemdir. Sorunlu internet kullanımı ile cinsiyet, psikiyatrik tanı, üstbilişsel inançlar ve kişilik arasındaki ilişki gösterilmiş olmasına rağmen, mevcut araştırma sayısı sınırlıdır ve bulgular çelişkilidir. Ayrıca internet kullanım süresinin ve amacının yer aldığı ve tüm bu değişkenlerin birlikte incelendiği herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin kişilik özelliklerini, üstbilişsel inançlarını, internet kullanım işlevlerini ve problemli internet kullanımlarını tanı, cinsiyet ve internet kullanım süreleri açısından incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Veriler yaş ortalamaları 20.11 olan 696 üniversite öğrencisinden toplanmıştır. Araştırmada, betimsel ve parametrik olmayan bağımsız gruplar karşılaştırma analizleri kullanılmıştır (Mann Whitney U Testi ve Kruskal-Wallis Testi). Bu çalışmada, Beş Faktör Kişilik Özellikleri Ölçeği (BFKÖ), Üstbiliş Ölçeği-30 (ÜÖ-30), İnternet Kullanım Fonksiyonları Ölçeği (İKFÖ), İnternette Bilişsel Durum Ölçeği (İBDÖ) ve Demografik Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, kadınların vicdanlılık ve nevrotizm alt ölçeği puanları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Analiz sonuçları tanıya göre önemli bir fark olduğunu göstermiştir. Psikiyatrik tanısı olan grubun ölçek puanlarının, nevrotizm, açıklık, kontrol edilemezlik ve tehlike, bilişsel güven eksikliği, ÜÖ-30 toplam puanı ve bilgi işlevleri alt boyutlarında daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Nevrotizm, kontrol edilemezlik ve tehlike, sosyal işlevler, sanal duygusal işlevler, sosyal rahatlık, yalnızlık/depresyon, dürtüde azalma, dikkat dağınıklığı ve İBDÖ toplam puanı alt boyut puanlarının internet kullanım süresi ile doğru orantılı olarak arttığı görülmüştür.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gamze KILIÇ
- EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, PSİKOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ
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Fineberg NA, Menchón JM, Hall N, Dell'Osso B, Brand M, Potenza MN, Chamberlain SR, Cirnigliaro G, Lochner C, Billieux J, Demetrovics Z, Rumpf HJ, Müller A, Castro-Calvo J, Hollander E, Burkauskas J, Grünblatt E, Walitza S, Corazza O, King DL, Stein DJ, Grant JE, Pallanti S, Bowden-Jones H, Ameringen MV, Ioannidis K, Carmi L, Goudriaan AE, Martinotti G, Sales CMD, Jones J, Gjoneska B, Király O, Benatti B, Vismara M, Pellegrini L, Conti D, Cataldo I, Riva GM, Yücel M, Flayelle M, Hall T, Griffiths M, Zohar J. Advances in problematic usage of the internet research - A narrative review by experts from the European network for problematic usage of the internet. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 118:152346. [PMID: 36029549 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Global concern about problematic usage of the internet (PUI), and its public health and societal costs, continues to grow, sharpened in focus under the privations of the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative review reports the expert opinions of members of the largest international network of researchers on PUI in the framework of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action (CA 16207), on the scientific progress made and the critical knowledge gaps remaining to be filled as the term of the Action reaches its conclusion. A key advance has been achieving consensus on the clinical definition of various forms of PUI. Based on the overarching public health principles of protecting individuals and the public from harm and promoting the highest attainable standard of health, the World Health Organisation has introduced several new structured diagnoses into the ICD-11, including gambling disorder, gaming disorder, compulsive sexual behaviour disorder, and other unspecified or specified disorders due to addictive behaviours, alongside naming online activity as a diagnostic specifier. These definitions provide for the first time a sound platform for developing systematic networked research into various forms of PUI at global scale. Progress has also been made in areas such as refining and simplifying some of the available assessment instruments, clarifying the underpinning brain-based and social determinants, and building more empirically based etiological models, as a basis for therapeutic intervention, alongside public engagement initiatives. However, important gaps in our knowledge remain to be tackled. Principal among these include a better understanding of the course and evolution of the PUI-related problems, across different age groups, genders and other specific vulnerable groups, reliable methods for early identification of individuals at risk (before PUI becomes disordered), efficacious preventative and therapeutic interventions and ethical health and social policy changes that adequately safeguard human digital rights. The paper concludes with recommendations for achievable research goals, based on longitudinal analysis of a large multinational cohort co-designed with public stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi A Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK; School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Cibersam, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalie Hall
- Centre for Health Services and Clinical Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Centro per lo studio dei meccanismi molecolari alla base delle patologie neuro-psico-geriatriche", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthias Brand
- General Psychology: Cognition and Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Child Study, Yale University School of Medicine, and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, USA, New Haven, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, USA
| | - Samuel R Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK; Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Giovanna Cirnigliaro
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Christine Lochner
- SAMRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar; Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hans Jürgen Rumpf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Translational Psychiatry Unit, Research Group S:TEP (Substance use and related disorders: Treatment, Epidemiology and Prevention) University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jesús Castro-Calvo
- Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Eric Hollander
- Autism and Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Program, Psychiatric Research Institute at Montefiore-Einstein, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Vyduno al. 4, 00135 Palanga, Lithuania
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ornella Corazza
- Department of Clinical Pharmacological and Biological Science, University of Hertfordshire
| | - Daniel L King
- College of Education, Psychology, & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town
| | - Jon E Grant
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago
| | - Stefano Pallanti
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York, USA; INS Istituto di Neuroscienze, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Michael Van Ameringen
- Deptartment of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Konstantinos Ioannidis
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lior Carmi
- Post-Trauma Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel; Reichman University, The Data Science Institution, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Anna E Goudriaan
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research & Arkin, the Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Célia M D Sales
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Center for Psychology at University of Porto (CPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Julia Jones
- School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | | | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beatrice Benatti
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vismara
- Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Pellegrini
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Dario Conti
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Hertfordshire, UK; Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cataldo
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Gianluigi M Riva
- School of Information and Communication Studies, University College Dublin
| | - Murat Yücel
- Brain Park, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maèva Flayelle
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Joseph Zohar
- Post-Trauma Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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Marciano L, Camerini AL, Schulz PJ. Neuroticism and internet addiction: What is next? A systematic conceptual review. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Müller KW, Beutel ME, Reinecke L, Dreier M, Schemer C, Weber M, Schnauber-Stockmann A, Stark B, Quiring O, Wölfling K. Internet-Related Disorders and Their Effects on Personality Development in Adolescents from Germany-Results from a Prospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010529. [PMID: 35010787 PMCID: PMC8744615 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Internet-related disorders (IRD) are increasingly becoming a major health issue. IRD are defined as the predominant use of online content, related to a loss of control and continued use despite negative consequences. Despite findings from cross-sectional studies, the causality of pathways accelerating the development of IRD are unclear. While etiological models emphasize the role of personality as risk factor, mutual influences between IRD and personality have not been examined. A prospective study with two assessments was conducted with n = 941 adolescents (mean age of 13.1 years; 10–17 years). Our aim was to validate etiological assumptions and to examine the effects of IRD-symptoms on the maturation of personality. IRD were measured with the Scale of the Assessment of Internet and Computer game Addiction (AICA-S). Personality traits were assessed using the Brief Five Factor Inventory (BFI). Conscientiousness and neuroticism were predictive for IRD symptoms one year later, and were likewise prone to changes depending on incidence or remission of IRD. Conscientiousness and openness moderated the course of IRD symptoms. Our findings point to complex trait–pathology associations. Personality influences the risk of development and maintenance of IRD symptoms and pre-existing IRD-symptoms affect the development of personality. Adaptations to etiological models are discussed and perspectives for novel intervention strategies are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai W. Müller
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addiction, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.E.B.); (M.D.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Manfred E. Beutel
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addiction, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.E.B.); (M.D.); (K.W.)
| | - Leonard Reinecke
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (L.R.); (C.S.); (M.W.); (A.S.-S.); (B.S.); (O.Q.)
| | - Michael Dreier
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addiction, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.E.B.); (M.D.); (K.W.)
| | - Christian Schemer
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (L.R.); (C.S.); (M.W.); (A.S.-S.); (B.S.); (O.Q.)
| | - Mathias Weber
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (L.R.); (C.S.); (M.W.); (A.S.-S.); (B.S.); (O.Q.)
| | - Anna Schnauber-Stockmann
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (L.R.); (C.S.); (M.W.); (A.S.-S.); (B.S.); (O.Q.)
| | - Birgit Stark
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (L.R.); (C.S.); (M.W.); (A.S.-S.); (B.S.); (O.Q.)
| | - Oliver Quiring
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (L.R.); (C.S.); (M.W.); (A.S.-S.); (B.S.); (O.Q.)
| | - Klaus Wölfling
- Outpatient Clinic for Behavioral Addiction, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.E.B.); (M.D.); (K.W.)
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El Archi S, Barrault S, Brunault P, Ribadier A, Varescon I. Co-occurrence of Adult ADHD Symptoms and Problematic Internet Use and Its Links With Impulsivity, Emotion Regulation, Anxiety, and Depression. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:792206. [PMID: 35492700 PMCID: PMC9045584 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.792206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and problematic Internet use (PIU) is associated with increased severity of PIU and poorer treatment outcomes. The main objective of this study was to examine the association between PIU and adult ADHD symptoms and determine whether adult ADHD symptoms were a predictor of PIU in the general adult population. We also examined the potential mediating role of the dimensional psychopathological factors, including anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and emotion regulation, in this relationship. To achieve these aims, we recruited 532 regular Internet users online from the general adult population. The participants completed an online questionnaire assessing PIU (Internet Addiction Test), anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), adult ADHD symptoms (Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-V1.1), emotion regulation (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), and impulsivity (UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale). We conducted a multiple regression analysis to determine the predictors of PIU and mediation analyses to identify the psychopathological mediators of the association between adult ADHD symptoms and PIU. PIU was observed in 17.9% of our sample. A significantly higher proportion of respondents with PIU screened positive for adult ADHD symptoms compared to respondents without PIU (50.5 vs. 21.7%; p < 0.001). Individuals with PIU reported significantly higher scores than those without PIU for anxiety and depressive symptoms, impulsivity, and the emotion regulation strategy of expressive suppression. Additionally, they had significantly lower scores than those without PIU on cognitive reappraisal than non-problematic Internet users. In addition to adult ADHD symptoms, the multiple regression analysis revealed that PIU was also positively predicted by depressive symptoms, positive urgency, lack of perseverance, and expressive suppression, and is negatively predicted by cognitive reappraisal and negative urgency. The mediation analysis showed that lack of perseverance, positive urgency, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were partial mediators of the relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and PIU. Our results highlight the significant co-occurrence of PIU and adult ADHD symptoms. This study also provides support for a theoretical model in which impulsivity dimensions, emotion regulation strategies, as well as the tendency to anxiety and depressive symptoms, may play a mediating role in this co-occurrence. In summary, the findings emphasize the need to assess these psychological characteristics in problematic Internet users, as they can be a factor of clinical complexity, as well as the importance of targeting them as part of integrated interventions for both adult ADHD symptoms and PIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah El Archi
- University of Tours, Laboratory QualiPsy, EE1901, Tours, France
| | - Servane Barrault
- University of Tours, Laboratory QualiPsy, EE1901, Tours, France.,CHRU of Tours, Centre de Soins d'Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie (CSAPA 37), Tours, France.,Université Paris Cité, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Paul Brunault
- University of Tours, Laboratory QualiPsy, EE1901, Tours, France.,CHRU of Tours, Service d'Addictologie Universitaire, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, Tours, France.,University of Tours, UMR 1253, iBrain, INSERM, Tours, France
| | - Aurélien Ribadier
- University of Tours, Laboratory QualiPsy, EE1901, Tours, France.,Université Paris Cité, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Isabelle Varescon
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Nasiri M, Mohammadkhani S, Akbari M, Alilou MM. The structural model of cyberchondria based on personality traits, health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:960055. [PMID: 36699479 PMCID: PMC9869141 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.960055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cyberchondria is excessive seeking for online health-related information related to increasing health anxiety and distress levels. The current study investigated the mediating role of health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation in the relationship between personality traits and cyberchondria. METHODS Participants were 703 individuals 18+ years old who had access to the internet (males = 43.8%, mean age = 33.82 ± 10.09 years and females = 56.2%, mean age = 34.37 ± 11.16 years). They voluntarily completed a questionnaire package that included the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS), the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Meta-Cognitions about Health Questionnaire (MCQ-HA), and the Health Cognitions Questionnaire (HCQ). RESULTS The initial evaluation of the model demonstrated that the personality traits of openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness had no significant relationship with other variables in the structural model, and the effects of neuroticism and extroversion were the only significant results. Rerunning the model with the removal of non-significant variables revealed a full mediation of health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation in the relation between personality traits (neuroticism and extraversion) and cyberchondria. Fit indices demonstrated the acceptable fit of the model with the collected data (χ2 = 979.24, p <.001; NFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.90, IFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.071, and SRMR = 0.063). The results indicated that the present model could explain R 2 = 54% of cyberchondria variance. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation could demonstrate a full mediating role in the correlation between personality traits and cyberchondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasiri
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Mohammadkhani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Akbari
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Mahmoud Alilou
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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The Association of Internet Addiction with Burnout, Depression, Insomnia, and Quality of Life among Hungarian High School Teachers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010438. [PMID: 35010695 PMCID: PMC8744802 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extensive availability of Internet has led to the recognition of problematic Internet use (so called Internet addiction, IA) mostly involving adolescents. There are limited data about the prevalence and consequences of IA in adults especially among high school teachers. Here, we present a cross-sectional prospective study focusing on the association of Internet addiction with burnout, depression, insomnia, and lower quality of life among high school teachers taking many co-variates into account. Overall, 623 males (34.3%) and 1194 females (65.7%) participated in our study. Internet addiction was detected in 5.2% (95/1817) based on the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire. Internet addiction was associated with severe burnout (10.5 vs. 2.7%, p < 0.001), moderate (36.8 vs. 1.7%, p < 0.001), and severe (6.3 vs. 0.1%, p < 0.001) depression, insomnia (23.1 vs. 11.4%, p < 0.001), and severe sleep disturbance (severe insomnia, 27.4 vs. 3.8%, p < 0.001) and lower quality of life in all domains (p < 0.001). There was also a significant correlation of the severity of the above-mentioned parameters and the severity of IA (overall scores, p < 0.001 in all cases). In a multivariate analysis including demographic criteria, risk factors medical conditions and the above-mentioned parameters as co-variates internet addiction was significantly associated with depression (OR = 3.836, CI: 2.92-5.44, p = 0.03), and insomnia (OR: 3.932, CI: 3.6-5.69, p = 0.002). This is the first study from Hungary and is one of the first studies showing the association of IA with mental issues, burnout, and lower quality of life among adults. It underlines the clinical importance of problematic Internet use among adults.
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Bottesi G, Marino C, Vieno A, Ghisi M, Spada MM. Psychological distress in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: the joint contribution of intolerance of uncertainty and cyberchondria. Psychol Health 2021; 37:1396-1413. [PMID: 34279150 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1952584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the direct and indirect associations between intolerance of uncertainty, health anxiety (HA), and psychological distress through problematic internet use (PIU) and cyberchondria, both before and during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Two Italian samples were enrolled via an online questionnaire. Sample 1 (N = 556; 69.3% females, Mage 29.6 years, SD = 13.2) was recruited in non-pandemic times, whereas Sample 2 (N = 575; 74% females, Mage 31.9 years, SD = 13.4) was recruited during the COVID-19 lockdown. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-report measures assessing HA and psychological distress. RESULTS Two distinct path analyses showed that intolerance of uncertainty was directly associated with HA and psychological distress in both samples. Moreover, cyberchondria partially mediated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and HA and PIU partially mediated the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and psychological distress in both samples. The link between cyberchondria and psychological distress was significant in Sample 2 but non-significant in Sample 1. The model accounted for a substantial variance of HA and psychological distress in both samples. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that problematic online behaviors might exacerbate the negative consequences of intolerance of uncertainty in terms of higher levels of HA and psychological distress both in pandemic and non-pandemic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Marino
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Alessio Vieno
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Ghisi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marcantonio M Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
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Chen J, Liu J, Zhao G, Kong F. Internet Behavior Preferences Predict Pathological Internet Use: A Latent Profile Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:644623. [PMID: 34149528 PMCID: PMC8211777 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research in the underlying structure of pathological Internet use (PIU) has produced considerable debate among academics, in which a new “person-centered” approach of studying PIU has recently gathered support but produced mixed results. This study used the latent profile analysis (LPA) to estimate the types of PIU in a large sample of college students (n = 1,400, aged 17–25 years). Participants provided information on demographics, PIU, and Internet behavior preferences. The adolescent pathological Internet use (APIU), which served as the basis of LPA, was used for searching subgroups that represent participants with PIU. LPA identified the PIU classes, and regressions identified the psychological predictors of class membership. Participants were classified into pathological users, pathological-tendency users, preferential users, and ordinary Internet users. In comparison with pathological Internet users, lower Internet gaming and communication preference were associated with pathological-tendency users, preferential users, and ordinary Internet users. The distinct types of college students belong to each PIU class, suggesting that individual differences may be incorporated into the prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Chen
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinmeng Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Gai Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanchang Kong
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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Dysfunctional Attitudes as a Mediator in the Association Between Problematic Internet Use and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-021-00394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Przepiorka A, Blachnio A, Cudo A. Relationships between morningness, Big Five personality traits, and problematic Internet use in young adult university students: mediating role of depression. Chronobiol Int 2020; 38:248-259. [PMID: 33317359 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1851703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was twofold. Firstly, it explored the relationships between morningness, Big Five personality traits, depression, and problematic Internet use (PIU). Secondly, it examined the possible mediating role of depression in these relationships. The following measures were used: the Internet Addiction Test, the Composite Scale of Morningness, the International Personality Item Pool-Big Five Markers-20, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. The participants in the study were 398 university students 18 to 30 (M = 20.37, SD = 2.29) years of age. The study found that PIU Total, PIU Mental Disorder, and PIU Time Management Disorder are positively related to depression and negatively related to morningness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Openness. PIU was more often found in individuals with an evening chronotype. The study confirmed the role of depression as a mediator in the relationship of personality traits and morningness to PIU Mental Disorder and PIU Time Management Disorder. For PIU Mental Disorder, the study revealed a full mediation effect of depression in the case of morningness, Emotional Stability, and Extraversion, and partial mediation in the case of Agreeableness and Intellect. For PIU Time Management Disorder, there was a full mediation effect of depression in the case of Emotional Stability, Extraversion, and Agreeableness, and partial mediation in the case of morningness and Intellect. The results highlight the importance of including depression when investigating the relationship between morningness and personality in studies of PIU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Przepiorka
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Blachnio
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Cudo
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
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Neuroticism and cyberchondria: The mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and defensive pessimism. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Problematic Internet Use (PIU) has of late come to the major attention of researchers of risky behaviours. For parents and teachers in turn, the various pathological forms of Internet use have become more and more noticeable. In recent years, the operationalisation of the term PIU has also been discussed and attempts to measure its various phenomena have been made. In our study, we used the quantitative method—a diagnostic survey designed on the basis of a tool of the Supreme Audit Office and Scientific and Academic Computer Network (Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Kompureowa NASK), The survey was conducted in the first half of 2017 in Poland, among 3569 adolescents (median 16, SD = 1.28). The purpose of the research was to investigate the scale of PIU among Polish youths. For most young people, PIU is a major social problem. The majority also declare that more than half of their friends have problems with using electronic media (smartphones and the Internet in particular). On the basis of the data collected, it is estimated that 60% of adolescents use media in a functional way, whereas 40% of young electronic media users show visible PIU symptoms, of which 5% do so at a destructive level (all symptoms). Gender does not co-occur with PIU; however, family structure (where both parents are present), the setting of rules for the use of electronic media, and the place of residence are all protective factors. There is a need for constantly improved tools for measuring PIU, as well as preventive programs focused on developing self-control and helping young people understand their own emotions.
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Siste K, Hanafi E, Sen LT, Christian H, Adrian, Siswidiani LP, Limawan AP, Murtani BJ, Suwartono C. The Impact of Physical Distancing and Associated Factors Towards Internet Addiction Among Adults in Indonesia During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Web-Based Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:580977. [PMID: 33101092 PMCID: PMC7495250 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical distancing has encouraged the public to utilize the Internet for virtually all daily activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Internet addiction (IA) prevalence and analyzed the correlated factors during quarantine and pandemic. METHODS An online survey was generated, comprising of a sociodemographic section, Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire (KDAI), Symptoms Checklist-90, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The hyperlink was disseminated through social media, companies, and universities. Overall, 4,734 adults, (mean age 31.84 ± 7.73 years old and 55.2% males) representing all 34 provinces of Indonesia, gave valid responses. RESULTS Point prevalence of IA during the COVID-19 pandemic was 14.4% in Indonesian adults. Online duration increased by 52% compared to before the pandemic. Physical distancing was not established as a risk of IA. Increased daily online duration, specific motivations, types of application, and having confirmed/suspected COVID-19 cases within the household were predictive of IA. All subscales of SCL-90 and PSQI were higher in the group with positive/suspect cases of COVID-19 within households and were correlated to higher scores of IA. DISCUSSION Physical distancing alone was not associated with an increased risk of IA. The prevalence of IA during COVID-19 was higher than the previously proposed rate among Indonesian adults, which might be related to digital activities associated with COVID-19 and the popularity of virtual socializing. Furthermore, psychopathologies and sleep disruptions were related to IA occurrences and especially prevalent in groups with proximity to COVID-19. Fear of COVID-19 contraction and rampant misinformation of COVID-19 probably contributed to these factors, which potentially harbor long-term consequences. CONCLUSION The current study demonstrated a high point prevalence of IA and identified several preventable factors predictive of IA during home-quarantine and COVID-19, especially in adults with confirmed/suspected COVID-19 cases within the household. However, physical distancing did not increase the odds of IA. Public health agencies should maintain physical distancing advisory while providing adaptive psychiatric education and service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiana Siste
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Enjeline Hanafi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Lee Thung Sen
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hans Christian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Adrian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Levina Putri Siswidiani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Albert Prabowo Limawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Belinda Julivia Murtani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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