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Huang K, Li M, You S, Jiao Y, He R, Han B, Pu Y, Jia Y, Chen L. The effectiveness of an exergame intervention for college students with subthreshold depression: protocol for a mixed methods study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1390806. [PMID: 39286747 PMCID: PMC11402669 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Subthreshold depression (StD) is a condition that significantly influences the mental health and quality of life of college students and increases the risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Exercise therapy has been found to be effective, but may not be enjoyable for everyone. exergames, as a form of exercise therapy, address the limitations of traditional exercise by incorporating gaming elements to make physical activity more entertaining and interactive. Currently, the Nintendo Switch is one of the most widely used exergame devices. Aims To explore the effectiveness of a Nintendo Switch-based exergame intervention on college students with StD compared to a control group, and to analyze their perceptions of the program. Methods This study will employ an explanatory sequential design, starting with a quantitative evaluation using a randomized controlled trial (RCT), followed by a supplementary qualitative study. College students identified as having StD will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio into the exergame intervention group (EIG) or the control group (CG). College students in the EIG will participate in a Nintendo Switch-based exergame program for 8 weeks, with 2-3 sessions per week, lasting 50-60 min each. Participant outcomes in both conditions will be assessed at pre-intervention (T0, week 0), post-intervention (T1, week 8), 1 month after the intervention (T2, week 12), and 2 months after the intervention (T3, week 16), and a generalized linear mixed model will be used for analysis. In the qualitative part of this study, interviews will be conducted with college students with StD from the EIG at T1 to explore their experiences of receiving the intervention, and content analysis will be applied to the data collected. Discussion Nintendo provides a user-friendly platform for college students with StD to engage in electronic gaming. Limited research has explored the mental health outcomes of interventions using this type of technology in young people with StD. If the exergame program proves to be effective, it could offer a convenient and feasible intervention for further enhancing the psychological well-being of college students. Clinical trial registration This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (number: ChiCTR2300068970) on 2nd March 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Huang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Li
- Invasive Technology Nursing Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Simiao You
- School of Sport Health and Technology, Jilin Sport University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongliang Jiao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- School of Sport Health and Technology, Jilin Sport University, Changchun, China
| | - Rendong He
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingyue Han
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhang Pu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Jia
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Li Chen
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Malapela RG. Challenges and opportunities in adolescent intellectual disability care and rehabilitation. S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2024; 66:e1-e7. [PMID: 38572884 PMCID: PMC10913067 DOI: 10.4102/safp.v66i1.5798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been mounting concerns over the lack of proper facilities for adolescents living with intellectual disability (ALWID), and the struggles particularly of the developing world to provide care and rehabilitation services for this population. Care and rehabilitation services are needed to improve this population's normal functioning but have been scarce or non-existent in most communities. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to solicit and describe nurse managers' views of the challenges and opportunities in rendering care and rehabilitation services to ALWID. The study was based on Julian Rappaport's empowerment theory, which provided a framework for organising essential knowledge while rendering care and rehabilitation services for ALWID. METHOD A qualitative, explorative design was used to solicit nurse managers' views of the challenges and opportunities in rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID in Tshwane District, Gauteng province, South Africa. Thirteen participants were purposively selected from three rehabilitation centres. RESULTS Data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke's six-step method. Five themes emerged relating to challenges and opportunities in rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID. Two themes focussed on challenges, namely inadequate age-appropriate rehabilitation services and a lack of material and non-material resources. Strengthened support systems, partnerships with outside stakeholders, and the promotion of physical activities emerged as opportunities for rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID. CONCLUSION Nurse managers believe rehabilitation services empower ALWID towards autonomy, enhancing their societal function and quality of life with a crucial strong support system.Contribution: Nurse managers should lead in creating collaboration platforms for ALWID care, promoting partnerships, sharing best practices, and overcoming challenges in treatment and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakgadi G Malapela
- Department of Health Studies, College of Human Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria.
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Michalsen H, Henriksen A, Pettersen G, Hartvigsen G, Wangberg S, Thrane G, Jahnsen R, Anke A. Using mobile health to encourage physical activity in individuals with intellectual disability: a pilot mixed methods feasibility study. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2023; 4:1225641. [PMID: 37691911 PMCID: PMC10483399 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1225641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Many individuals with intellectual disability (ID) have a sedentary lifestyle. Few interventions aimed at increasing their level of physical activity (PA) have shown lasting effects. Aim To assess the feasibility and acceptability of a pilot intervention study using innovative mobile health (mHealth) support systems to encourage PA in individuals with ID. Methods Nine individuals with ID and a low level of PA, aged 16-36 years, were included in the present convergent triangulation mixed method design. Two mHealth support systems (apps) were developed and tested. PA was measured with a Fitbit smartwatch, accelerometer, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-S), and Goal attainment scaling. Data were collected through online pre-, mid- (4 weeks), and post-intervention (12 weeks) questionnaires and activity trackers. Semi-structured qualitative interviews with participants and/or a family or staff member were held after the 12-week follow-up. Data were analyzed using conventional nonparametric statistics and thematic analyses. Results The response rate and retention to the trial were 16% and 100%, respectively. Data quality was high, except for missing data from Fitbit activity trackers of approximately 30% from the 4- and 12-week follow-up stages. The feasibility challenges with activity trackers include rashes, size, non-acceptance, and loss of motivation. Participants and family members/staff reported interest in the study theme and were pleased with the data collection method. All but one participant achieved their PA goals. Most participants reported being satisfied with the apps as they were enjoyable or provided a reminder for performing physical and other activities. Social support for PA among family members also increased. However, app support from staff and family members was needed, and apps were not used regularly. Two of nine participants (22%) had increased their PA measured as steps per day with Fitbit at the 12-week follow-up. Conclusions The acceptability and feasibility of using tailored mobile applications in natural settings to increase PA among adults with ID are promising. This study aligns with previous studies in showing the challenges to increasing PA, which requires the inclusion of family members, staff, and stakeholders. The intervention requires modifications before a randomized controlled trial can be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Michalsen
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT—The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - André Henriksen
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science, UiT—The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunn Pettersen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunnar Hartvigsen
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science, UiT—The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Silje Wangberg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Gyrd Thrane
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Reidun Jahnsen
- Institute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Audny Anke
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT—The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Psychosocial aspects of sports medicine in pediatric athletes: Current concepts in the 21 st century. Dis Mon 2022:101482. [PMID: 36100481 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral aspects of organized sports activity for pediatric athletes are considered in a world consumed with winning at all costs. In the first part of this treatise, we deal with a number of themes faced by our children in their sports play. These concepts include the lure of sports, sports attrition, the mental health of pediatric athletes (i.e., effects of stress, anxiety, depression, suicide in athletes, ADHD and stimulants, coping with injuries, drug use, and eating disorders), violence in sports (i.e., concepts of the abused athlete including sexual abuse), dealing with supervisors (i.e., coaches, parents), peers, the talented athlete, early sports specialization and sports clubs. In the second part of this discussion, we cover ergolytic agents consumed by young athletes in attempts to win at all costs. Sports doping agents covered include anabolic steroids (anabolic-androgenic steroids or AAS), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA), human growth hormone (hGH; also its human recombinant homologue: rhGH), clenbuterol, creatine, gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), amphetamines, caffeine and ephedrine. Also considered are blood doping that includes erythropoietin (EPO) and concepts of gene doping. In the last section of this discussion, we look at disabled pediatric athletes that include such concepts as athletes with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), myelomeningocele, cerebral palsy, wheelchair athletes, and amputee athletes; also covered are pediatric athletes with visual impairment, deafness, and those with intellectual disability including Down syndrome. In addition, concepts of autonomic dysreflexia, boosting and atlantoaxial instability are emphasized. We conclude that clinicians and society should protect our precious pediatric athletes who face many challenges in their involvement with organized sports in a world obsessed with winning. There is much we can do to help our young athletes find benefit from sports play while avoiding or blunting negative consequences of organized sport activities.
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Michalsen H, Wangberg SC, Hartvigsen G, Henriksen A, Pettersen G, Jaccheri L, Jahnsen RB, Thrane G, Arntzen C, Anke A. Mobile health support to stimulate physical activity in individuals with intellectual disability: Protocol for mixed methods pilot study (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37849. [PMID: 36107473 PMCID: PMC9523523 DOI: 10.2196/37849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have shown that individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) have low levels of physical activity (PA), and intervention studies on PA suggest inconsistent evidence. The use of technology as a means of motivation for PA has yet to be extensively explored and needs to be further investigated. Objective We aim to assess the feasibility and acceptability of procedures for an intervention arm in a future trial on mobile health (mHealth) to support PA for individuals with IDs. In addition, we aim to examine how the use of technology can influence motivation for PA among participants, their caregivers, and staff members. Methods A mixed methods pilot study of an intervention arm will be carried out in a planned randomized controlled trial (RCT). Ten participants with ID and their caregivers or a staff member will be included. Information will always be provided by a caregiver or a staff member, or participants with ID if possible. Assessments will be carried out at baseline, follow-up after 4 weeks, and 12 weeks, and include questionnaires on PA, social support, self-efficacy, and challenging behavior. PA will be measured with 2 different activity trackers (Fitbit and Axivity) for 1 week at all assessments. Feasibility will be assessed as recruitment and adherence rate, missing data, usability of the motivational mHealth tool, and estimates of effectiveness. Acceptability of study procedures, activity measures, and motivation for participation in PA will be additionally assessed with qualitative methods at the end of the intervention. Results Enrollment commenced in May 2021. Data collection was completed in March 2022. Conclusions This pilot study will evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of study procedures of the intervention arm of a planned RCT to address feasibility issues, improve study procedures, and estimate effectiveness of the study measures. How the use of technology can influence motivation for PA will also be examined, which can help guide and improve future PA interventions involving the use of technology. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04929106; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04929106 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/37849
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Michalsen
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Silje C Wangberg
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Gunnar Hartvigsen
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - André Henriksen
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunn Pettersen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Letizia Jaccheri
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Reidun Birgitta Jahnsen
- Institute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gyrd Thrane
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Cathrine Arntzen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Audny Anke
- Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, Research Centre for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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