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Oğuz Taşbaş EH, Yıldırım BF, Attila MR. Gamification in personal health record systems: a regulatory fit perspective. Psychol Health 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38910342 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2370312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been known that individuals' regulatory focus differences (prevention orientation or promotion orientation) influence health-related behaviors. However, in the gamification literature, when classical and gamified applications are discussed, the gain frame is predominantly included, whereas the loss frame is not sufficiently considered. In this study, individuals' evaluations of gamified and non-gamified personal health record systems with different frames were examined. METHODS A 2 (type of personal health record system application: gamified vs. non-gamified) X 2 (frame: gain vs. loss) between-subject design was implemented, and users' regulatory foci were tested in this study. We predicted that systems that are gamified and aligned with users' regulatory foci will be evaluated more favorably than systems that are not aligned with users' regulatory foci. RESULTS Contrary to what the gamification literature suggests, we found that individuals do not always prefer gamified systems over non-gamified ones. Participants' regulatory focus might play a crucial role in their attitudes toward gamified platforms. CONCLUSION The findings might contribute to the design of personal health record systems by bearing the individual motivational differences of users in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Banu Fulya Yıldırım
- Department of Information and Document Management, Istanbul 29 Mayis University, Turkey
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2
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Bosnic-Anticevich S, Bakerly ND, Chrystyn H, Hew M, van der Palen J. Advancing Digital Solutions to Overcome Longstanding Barriers in Asthma and COPD Management. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:259-272. [PMID: 36741814 PMCID: PMC9891071 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s385857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance therapy delivered via inhaler is central to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management. Poor adherence to inhaled medication and errors in inhalation technique have long represented major barriers to the optimal management of these chronic conditions. Technological innovations may provide a means of overcoming these barriers. This narrative review examines ongoing advances in digital technologies relevant to asthma and COPD with the potential to inform clinical decision-making and improve patient care. Digital inhaler devices linked to mobile apps can help bring about changes in patients' behaviors and attitudes towards disease management, particularly when they build in elements of interactivity and gamification. They can also support ongoing technique education, empowering patients and helping providers maximize the value of consultations and develop effective action plans informed by insights into the patient's inhaler use patterns and their respiratory health. When combined with innovative techniques such as machine learning, digital devices have the potential to predict exacerbations and prompt pre-emptive intervention. Finally, digital devices may support an advanced precision medicine approach to respiratory disease management and help support shared decision-making. Further work is needed to increase uptake of digital devices and integrate their use into care pathways before their full potential in personalized asthma and COPD management can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Correspondence: Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, 431 Glebe Point Road, Glebe, 2037, NSW, Australia, Tel +61 414 015 614, Email
| | - Nawar Diar Bakerly
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Mark Hew
- Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Job van der Palen
- Medical School Twente, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, and Section Cognition, Data and Education, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
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Tsai JM, Hung SW, Lin GT. Continued usage of smart wearable devices (SWDs): cross-level analysis of gamification and network externality. ELECTRONIC MARKETS 2022; 32:1661-1676. [PMID: 35965737 PMCID: PMC9362967 DOI: 10.1007/s12525-022-00575-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing maturity of mobile networks and big data technology, smart wearable devices (SWDs) are regarded as a new technology trend following smartphones. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in telework and the growing interest in self-health monitoring have greatly promoted the market growth of SWDs. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the continued use of SWDs. A cross-level analysis model that integrates technical characteristics, gamification theory, perceived value theory, and network externality was constructed. A hierarchical linear model was employed to evaluate the data and test it against the hypotheses. The empirical results showed that, at the individual level, gamification enhances users' value perceptions. Users pay more attention to rewards in gamification than to competition. Rewards were also found to effectively promote the users' value perception and increase the intention to continue using the device. At the group level, the effect of network externality significantly influences the intention to continue using SWDs. Moreover, SWDs are associated with the phenomenon by which consumers conspicuously display and highlight their own characteristics, and this attribute is also a crucial factor enticing consumers to continue using SWDs. Developers should therefore establish clear product positioning and strengthen interactivity as early as possible to build a loyal customer base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juin-Ming Tsai
- Department of Gerontological Health Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiu-Wan Hung
- Department of Business Administration, National Central University, 32001 Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ting Lin
- Department of Business Administration, National Central University, 32001 Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Mosnaim G, Safioti G, Brown R, DePietro M, Szefler SJ, Lang DM, Portnoy JM, Bukstein DA, Bacharier LB, Merchant RK. Digital Health Technology in Asthma: A Comprehensive Scoping Review. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:2377-2398. [PMID: 33652136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of digital intervention approaches have been investigated for asthma therapy during the past decade, with different levels of interactivity and personalization and a range of impacts on different outcome measurements. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of digital interventions in asthma with regard to acceptability and outcomes and evaluate the potential of digital initiatives for monitoring or treating patients with asthma. METHODS We evaluated digital interventions using a scoping review methodology through a literature search and review. Of 871 articles identified, 121 were evaluated to explore intervention characteristics, the perception and acceptability of digital interventions to patients and physicians, and effects on asthma outcomes. Interventions were categorized by their level of interactivity with the patient. RESULTS Interventions featuring non-individualized content sent to patients appeared capable of promoting improved adherence to inhaled corticosteroids, but with no identified improvement in asthma burden; and data-gathering interventions appeared to have little effect on adherence or asthma burden. Evidence of improvement in both adherence and patients' impairment due to asthma were seen only with interactive interventions involving two-way responsive patient communication. Digital interventions were generally positively perceived by patients and physicians. Implementation was considered feasible, with certain preferences for design and features important to drive use. CONCLUSIONS Digital health interventions show substantial promise for asthma disease monitoring and personalization of treatment. To be successful, future interventions will need to include both inhaler device and software elements, combining accurate measurement of clinical parameters with careful consideration of ease of use, personalization, and patient engagement aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Mosnaim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Ill
| | | | - Randall Brown
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc, West Chester, Pa
| | - Michael DePietro
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc, West Chester, Pa.
| | - Stanley J Szefler
- The Breathing Institute and Pulmonary Medicine Section, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo
| | - David M Lang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jay M Portnoy
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Don A Bukstein
- Allergy, Asthma and Sinus Center, Milwaukee, Greenfield, Wis
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Rajan K Merchant
- Woodland Clinic Medical Group, Allergy Department, Dignity Health, Woodland, Calif
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Gaynor M, Schneider D, Seltzer M, Crannage E, Barron ML, Waterman J, Oberle A. A user-centered, learning asthma smartphone application for patients and providers. Learn Health Syst 2020; 4:e10217. [PMID: 32685685 PMCID: PMC7362673 DOI: 10.1002/lrh2.10217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Smartphone applications are an increasingly useful part of patients' self-management of chronic health conditions. Asthma is a common chronic health condition for which good self-management by patients is very helpful in maintaining stability. User-centered design and intelligent systems that learn are steps forward in building applications that are more effective in providing quality care that is scalable and tailored to each patient. METHODS A literature and application store search to review historic and current asthma smart phone applications. User-centered design is a methodology that involves all stakeholders of a proposed system from the beginning of the design phase to the end of installation. One aspect of this user-centered approach involved conducting focus groups with patients and health care providers to determine what features they desire for use in applications and create a model to build smart infrastructure for a learning health care system. A simple prototype for an asthma smartphone application is designed and built with basic functionality. OUTCOMES Only one publication in the literature review of asthma smartphone applications describes both user-centered design and intelligent learning systems. The authors have presented a set of user-desired attributes for a smart health care application and a possible data flow diagram of information for a learning system. A prototype simple user-centered designed asthma smartphone application that better assists patients in their care illustrates the value of the proposed architecture. DISCUSSION Our user-centered approach helped design and implement a learning prototype smart phone application to help patients better manage their asthma and provide information to clinical care providers. While popular in other industries, user-centered design has had slow adoption in the health care area. However, the popularity of this approach is increasing and will hopefully result in mobile application that better meets the needs of both patients and their care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gaynor
- Saint Louis University (SLU)College for Public Health and Social Justice (CPHSJ)St. LouisMissouri
| | | | - Margo Seltzer
- University of British ColumbiaVancouverBristish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Oberle
- Saint Louis University (SLU)College for Public Health and Social Justice (CPHSJ)St. LouisMissouri
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Abstract
Childhood asthma affects many children placing them at significant risk for health care utilization and school absences. Several new developments relevant to the field of pediatric asthma have occurred over the last 5 years; yet, there is much more to learn. It is poorly understood how to prevent the disease, optimally address environmental challenges, or effectively manage poor adherence. Moreover, it is not clear how to customize therapy by asthma phenotype, age group, high risk groups, or severity of disease. Highlights of advances in pediatric asthma are reviewed and multiple essential areas for further exploration and research are discussed.
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Booster GD, Oland AA, Bender BG. Treatment Adherence in Young Children with Asthma. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2019; 39:233-242. [PMID: 30954173 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Treatment nonadherence in young children with asthma involves multiple factors and should be viewed within an ecological framework. Few interventions have targeted multiple bidirectional factors, however, and little research has examined which interventions may be most appropriate for young children. Additional research is needed to identify essential intervention components, and to determine how to sustain such interventions in at-risk communities. Pediatric psychologists, with training in psychosocial intervention, screening, and primary prevention models, may be uniquely equipped to partner with communities and medical settings to develop and sustain targeted interventions for young children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genery D Booster
- National Jewish Health, Pediatric Behavioral Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
| | - Alyssa A Oland
- National Jewish Health, Pediatric Behavioral Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Bruce G Bender
- National Jewish Health, Pediatric Behavioral Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
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Irfan Khan A, Gill A, Cott C, Hans PK, Steele Gray C. mHealth Tools for the Self-Management of Patients With Multimorbidity in Primary Care Settings: Pilot Study to Explore User Experience. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2018; 6:e171. [PMID: 30154073 PMCID: PMC6134226 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.8593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given the complex and evolving needs of individuals with multimorbidity, the adoption of mHealth tools to support self-management efforts is increasingly being explored, particularly in primary care settings. The electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO) tool was codeveloped with patients and providers in an interdisciplinary primary care team in Toronto, Canada, to help facilitate self-management in community-dwelling adults with multiple chronic conditions. Objective The objective of study is to explore the experience and expectations of patients with multimorbidity and their providers around the use of the ePRO tool in supporting self-management efforts. Methods We conducted a 4-week pilot study of the ePRO tool. Patients’ and providers’ experiences and expectations were explored through focus groups that were conducted at the end of the study. In addition, thematic analyses were used to assess the shared and contrasting perspectives of patients and providers on the role of the ePRO tool in facilitating self-management. Coded data were then mapped onto the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory using the framework method. Results In this pilot study, 12 patients and 6 providers participated. Both patients and providers emphasized the need for a more explicit recognition of self-management context, including greater customizability of content to better adapt to the complexity and fluidity of self-management in this particular patient population. Patients and providers highlighted gaps in the extent to which the tool enables self-management processes, including how limited progress toward self-management goals and the absence of direct provider engagement through the ePRO tool inhibited patients from meeting their self-management goals. Providers highlighted proximal outcomes based on their experience of the tool and specifically, they indicated that the tool offered valuable insights into the broader patient context, which helps to inform the self-management approach and activities they recommend to patients, whereas patients recognized the tool’s potential in helping to improve access to different providers in a team-based primary care setting. Conclusions This study identifies a more explicit recognition of the contextual factors that influence patients’ ability to self-manage and greater adaptability to accommodate patient complexity and provider workflow as next steps in refining the ePRO tool to better support self-management efforts in primary care ahead of its application in a full-scale randomized pragmatic trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Irfan Khan
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ashlinder Gill
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Cott
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Parminder Kaur Hans
- Bridgepoint Campus, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolyn Steele Gray
- Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Bridgepoint Campus, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonadherence to treatment is a major issue in approximately 50% of patients suffering from chronic diseases. The availability of new technologies could represent a possible way to improve patients' engagement and adherence in a real-life setting. Research and technology tools made available or in process of being made available to patients with allergic diseases and their physicians could potentially improve the management of these disease in daily life by improving adherence. In this review, we sought to outline many of the recent advances in these technological approaches. RECENT FINDINGS Short Message Service (SMS) reminder, social networks, wearable devices, mobile applications (Apps), monitoring systems of inhaled device use, often presented as 'serious game' are changing the way of approaching to chronic disease, such as rhinitis, management. SUMMARY Studies of the role played by various technologies in improving adherence to treatment in rhinitis are still limited as compared with other diseases such as asthma, but the results are encouraging. Further studies in this area may lead to the discovery of novel management approaches that is easy to be integrated in patients' daily life.
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Anderson K, Burford O, Emmerton L. Mobile Health Apps to Facilitate Self-Care: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156164. [PMID: 27214203 PMCID: PMC4876999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Consumers are living longer, creating more pressure on the health system and increasing their requirement for self-care of chronic conditions. Despite rapidly-increasing numbers of mobile health applications ('apps') for consumers' self-care, there is a paucity of research into consumer engagement with electronic self-monitoring. This paper presents a qualitative exploration of how health consumers use apps for health monitoring, their perceived benefits from use of health apps, and suggestions for improvement of health apps. MATERIALS AND METHODS 'Health app' was defined as any commercially-available health or fitness app with capacity for self-monitoring. English-speaking consumers aged 18 years and older using any health app for self-monitoring were recruited for interview from the metropolitan area of Perth, Australia. The semi-structured interview guide comprised questions based on the Technology Acceptance Model, Health Information Technology Acceptance Model, and the Mobile Application Rating Scale, and is the only study to do so. These models also facilitated deductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts. Implicit and explicit responses not aligned to these models were analyzed inductively. RESULTS Twenty-two consumers (15 female, seven male) participated, 13 of whom were aged 26-35 years. Eighteen participants reported on apps used on iPhones. Apps were used to monitor diabetes, asthma, depression, celiac disease, blood pressure, chronic migraine, pain management, menstrual cycle irregularity, and fitness. Most were used approximately weekly for several minutes per session, and prior to meeting initial milestones, with significantly decreased usage thereafter. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis reduced the data to four dominant themes: engagement in use of the app; technical functionality of the app; ease of use and design features; and management of consumers' data. CONCLUSIONS The semi-structured interviews provided insight into usage, benefits and challenges of health monitoring using apps. Understanding the range of consumer experiences and expectations can inform design of health apps to encourage persistence in self-monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Anderson
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Oksana Burford
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lynne Emmerton
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Alahäivälä T, Oinas-Kukkonen H. Understanding persuasion contexts in health gamification: A systematic analysis of gamified health behavior change support systems literature. Int J Med Inform 2016; 96:62-70. [PMID: 26944611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamification is increasingly used as a design strategy when developing behavior change support systems in the healthcare domain. It is commonly agreed that understanding the contextual factors is critical for successful gamification, but systematic analyses of the persuasive contexts have been lacking so far within gamified health intervention studies. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Through a persuasion context analysis of the gamified health behavior change support systems (hBCSSs) literature, we inspect how the contextual factors have been addressed in the prior gamified health BCSS studies. The implications of this study are to provide the practitioners and researchers examples of how to conduct a systematic analysis to help guide the design and research on gamified health BCSSs. The ideas derived from the analysis of the included studies will help identify potential pitfalls and shortcomings in both the research and implementations of gamified health behavior change support systems. RESULTS We systematically analyzed the persuasion contexts of 15 gamified health intervention studies. According to our results, gamified hBCSSs are implemented under different facets of lifestyle change and treatments compliance, and use a multitude of technologies and methods. We present a set of ideas and concepts to help improve endeavors in studying gamified health intervention through comprehensive understanding of the persuasive contextual factors. CONCLUSIONS Future research on gamified hBCSSs should systematically compare the different combinations of contextual factors, related theories, chosen gamification strategies, and the study of outcomes to help understand how to achieve the most efficient use of gamification on the different aspects of healthcare. Analyzing the persuasion context is essential to achieve this. With the attained knowledge, those planning health interventions can choose the 'tried-and-tested' approaches for each particular situation, rather than develop solutions in an ad-hoc manner.
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Lewis ZH, Swartz MC, Lyons EJ. What's the Point?: A Review of Reward Systems Implemented in Gamification Interventions. Games Health J 2016; 5:93-9. [PMID: 26812253 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2015.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rewards are commonly used in interventions to change behavior, but they can inhibit development of intrinsic motivation, which is associated with long-term behavior maintenance. Gamification is a novel intervention strategy that may target intrinsic motivation through fun and enjoyment. Before the effects of gamified interventions on motivation can be determined, there must be an understanding of how gamified interventions operationalize rewards, such as point systems. The purpose of this review is to determine the prevalence of different reward types, specifically point systems, within gamified interventions. Electronic databases were searched for relevant articles. Data sources included Medline OVID, Medline PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, and PsycINFO. Out of the 21 articles retrieved, 18 studies described a reward system and were included in this review. Gamified interventions were designed to target a myriad of clinical outcomes across diverse populations. Rewards included points (n = 14), achievements/badges/medals (n = 7), tangible rewards (n = 7), currency (n = 4), other unspecified rewards (n = 3), likes (n = 2), animated feedback (n = 1), and kudos (n = 1). Rewards, and points in particular, appear to be a foundational component of gamified interventions. Despite their prevalence, authors seldom described the use of noncontingent rewards or how the rewards interacted with other game features. The reward systems relying on tangible rewards and currency may have been limited by inhibited intrinsic motivation. As gamification proliferates, future research should explicitly describe how rewards were operationalized in the intervention and evaluate the effects of gamified rewards on motivation across populations and research outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakkoyya H Lewis
- 1 Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Maria C Swartz
- 1 Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth J Lyons
- 1 Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas.,2 Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas.,3 Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
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Hamari J, Koivisto J. “Working out for likes”: An empirical study on social influence in exercise gamification. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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