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Cao F, Yang F, Li J, Guo W, Zhang C, Gao F, Sun X, Zhou Y, Zhang W. The relationship between diabetes and the dementia risk: a meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:101. [PMID: 38745237 PMCID: PMC11092065 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between diabetes and dementia risk is not well understood. This study evaluates the factors linking diabetes to dementia onset, providing guidance for preventing dementia in diabetic patients. METHODS This analysis utilized databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to review literature from January 31, 2012, to March 5, 2023. Articles were rigorously assessed using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Data analysis was performed with STATA 15.0. RESULTS The study analyzed 15 articles, covering 10,103,868 patients, with 8,821,516 diagnosed with diabetes. The meta-analysis reveals a substantial association between diabetes and an increased risk of dementia [RR: 1.59, 95%CI (1.40-1.80), P < 0.01, I²=96.4%]. A diabetes duration of less than five years is linked to a higher dementia risk [RR: 1.29, 95%CI (1.20-1.39), P < 0.01, I²=92.6%]. Additionally, hypoglycemia significantly raises dementia risk [RR: 1.56, 95%CI (1.13-2.16), P < 0.01, I²=51.5%]. Analyses of blood sugar control, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood sugar indicated no significant effects on the onset of dementia. CONCLUSION Diabetes notably increases dementia risk, particularly where diabetes duration is under five years or hypoglycemia is present. REGISTRATION The research protocol was registered with PROSPERO and assigned the registration number CRD42023394942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Fushuang Yang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Chongheng Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Fa Gao
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xinxin Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Medical Characteristic Center, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Baotou Mengshi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
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An JR, Liu JT, Gao XM, Wang QF, Sun GY, Su JN, Zhang C, Yu JX, Yang YF, Shi Y. Effects of liraglutide on astrocyte polarization and neuroinflammation in db/db mice: focus on iron overload and oxidative stress. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1136070. [PMID: 37323581 PMCID: PMC10267480 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1136070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the specific injury mechanism is not fully understood. Astrocyte polarization has attracted new attention and has been shown to be directly and indirectly involved in neuroinflammation. Liraglutide has been shown to have beneficial effects on neurons and astrocytes. However, the specific protection mechanism still needs to be clarified. In this study, we assessed the levels of neuroinflammation and A1/A2-responsive astrocytes in the hippocampus of db/db mice and examined their relationships with iron overload and oxidative stress. First, in db/db mice, liraglutide alleviated the disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism, increased the postsynaptic density, regulated the expression of NeuN and BDNF, and partially restored impaired cognitive function. Second, liraglutide upregulated the expression of S100A10 and downregulated the expression of GFAP and C3, and decreased the secretion of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α, which may confirm that it regulates the proliferation of reactive astrocytes and A1/A2 phenotypes polarize and attenuate neuroinflammation. In addition, liraglutide reduced iron deposition in the hippocampus by reducing the expression of TfR1 and DMT1 and increasing the expression of FPN1; at the same time, liraglutide by up-regulating the levels of SOD, GSH, and SOD2 expression, as well as downregulation of MDA levels and NOX2 and NOX4 expression to reduce oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The above may attenuate A1 astrocyte activation. This study preliminarily explored the effect of liraglutide on the activation of different astrocyte phenotypes and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of a T2DM model and further revealed its intervention effect on cognitive impairment in diabetes. Focusing on the pathological consequences of astrocytes may have important implications for the treatment of diabetic cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ren An
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Tong Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Gao
- College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Gui-Yan Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Nan Su
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Xiang Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Combining Disease and Syndrome of Diabetes, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
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ALmohaimeed HM, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Batawi AH, Balgoon MJ, Ramadan OI, Baz HA, Al Jaouni S, Ayuob NN. Synergistic Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Cinnamomum cassia and Z ingiber officinale Alleviate Diabetes-Induced Hippocampal Changes in Male Albino Rats: Structural and Molecular Evidence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:727049. [PMID: 34568337 PMCID: PMC8456035 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.727049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression has been reported as a common comorbidity in diabetes mellitus although the underlying mechanism responsible for this is not well known. Although both ginger and cinnamon has anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, their efficacy in inhibiting neuroinflammation, when simultaneously administrated, has not been investigated yet. Objectives: The study was designed to assess the synergistic effect of Cinnamomum cassia and Zingiber officinale on regulating blood glucose, improve hippocampal structural changes and depressive-like alternations in diabetic rats, and try to identify the mechanism behind this effect. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five equal groups (n = 6): the normal control, untreated streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic, cinnamon-treated diabetic [100 mg/kg of body weight (BW)/day for 6 weeks], ginger-treated diabetic (0.5 g/kg BW/day for 6 weeks), and ginger plus cinnamon-treated diabetic groups. Forced swim test and elevated plus maze behavioral tests were performed at the end of the experiment. HOMA-IR, HOMA β-cells, blood glucose, insulin, corticosterone, pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6), and total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed in the serum. BDNF mRNA level was assessed in hippocampus using qRT-PCR. Hippocampal histopathological changes were also assessed, and immunoexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), caspase-3, and Ki-67 was measured. Results: Diabetes-induced depressive-like changes in the STZ group were biochemically confirmed by assessing serum corticosterone level, as well as behaviorally using FST and EPM tests. Diabetes also induced degenerative changes in the hippocampus. Treatment of diabetic rats with ginger, cinnamon, or the combination of these alleviated the degenerative structural changes and significantly up-regulated serum insulin, TAC, hippocampal BDNF mRNA, and hippocampal immunoexpression of ki67, while they significantly reduced serum blood glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, IL1β, as well as hippocampal immunoexpression of GFAP and Caspase-3 compared to the untreated diabetic group. Improvement induced by the combination of ginger and cinnamon was superior to the single administration of either of these. Conclusion: Cinnamomum cassia and Zingiber officinale have synergistic anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant-like, and neuroprotective effects. The use of a combination of these plants could be beneficial as alternative or complementary supplements in managing DM and decreasing its neuronal and psychiatric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailah M ALmohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, Medical College, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwaq H Batawi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Jameal Balgoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Ibrahim Ramadan
- Histology Department, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hasan Ahmed Baz
- Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University/King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasra Naeim Ayuob
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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The Use of Natural Compounds as a Strategy to Counteract Oxidative Stress in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137009. [PMID: 34209800 PMCID: PMC8268811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterised by insulin deficiency, resulting in hyperglycaemia, a characteristic symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). DM substantially affects numerous metabolic pathways, resulting in β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, abnormal blood glucose levels, impaired lipid metabolism, inflammatory processes, and excessive oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can affect the body’s normal physiological function and cause numerous cellular and molecular changes, such as mitochondrial dysfunction. Animal models are useful for exploring the cellular and molecular mechanisms of DM and improving novel therapeutics for their safe use in human beings. Due to their health benefits, there is significant interest in a wide range of natural compounds that can act as naturally occurring anti-diabetic compounds. Due to rodent models’ relatively similar physiology to humans and ease of handling and housing, they are widely used as pre-clinical models for studying several metabolic disorders. In this review, we analyse the currently available rodent animal models of DM and their advantages and disadvantages and highlight the potential anti-oxidative effects of natural compounds and their mechanisms of action.
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Amin SN, Sharawy N, El Tablawy N, Elberry DA, Youssef MF, Abdelhady EG, Rashed LA, Hassan SS. Melatonin-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Cognition in a Diabetic Murine Model. Front Physiol 2021; 12:628107. [PMID: 33815140 PMCID: PMC8012759 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.628107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multisystem endocrine disorder affecting the brain. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pretreated with Melatonin have been shown to increase the potency of MSCs. This work aimed to compare Melatonin, stem cells, and stem cells pretreated with Melatonin on the cognitive functions and markers of synaptic plasticity in an animal model of type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM). Thirty-six rats represented the animal model; six rats for isolation of MSCs and 30 rats were divided into five groups: control, TIDM, TIDM + Melatonin, TIDM + Stem cells, and TIDM + Stem ex vivo Melatonin. Functional assessment was performed with Y-maze, forced swimming test and novel object recognition. Histological and biochemical evaluation of hippocampal Neuroligin 1, Sortilin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43). The TIDM group showed a significant decrease of hippocampal Neuroligin, Sortilin, and BDNF and a significant increase in iNOS, TNF-α, TLR2, and GAP43. Melatonin or stem cells groups showed improvement compared to the diabetic group but not compared to the control group. TIDM + Stem ex vivo Melatonin group showed a significant improvement, and some values were restored to normal. Ex vivo melatonin-treated stem cells had improved spatial working and object recognition memory and depression, with positive effects on glucose homeostasis, inflammatory markers levels and synaptic plasticity markers expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Nasr Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nivin Sharawy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nashwa El Tablawy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Azmy Elberry
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mira Farouk Youssef
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal Gamal Abdelhady
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Sabry Hassan
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, San Bernardino, CA, United States.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Tan W, Zhang Q, Dong Z, Yan Y, Fu Y, Liu X, Zhao B, Duan X. Phosphatidylcholine Ameliorates LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation and Cognitive Impairments via Mediating the Gut-Brain Axis Balance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14884-14895. [PMID: 33289390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation will cause an imbalance in the steady state of the gut-brain axis. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a phospholipid found in egg yolk that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present research proved that PC supplementation (60 mg/kg body weight) for 35 days prevented inflammatory responses and behavioral disturbances in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice. PC could regulate the expression of neurotrophic factors and synaptic proteins, which effectively alleviated the nerve damage and synaptic dysfunction caused by LPS. In addition, PC supplementation ameliorated gut barrier damage, altered gut genes, and improved gut health by modulating the cell adhesion molecule (CAM) pathway. Furthermore, PC remodeled the gut microbiome structure in the mice of the LPS group by increasing the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae and Lachnospiraceae. PC also increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in LPS-induced mice, which in turn ameliorated brain inflammatory responses. In conclusion, PC supplementation may be a nutritional strategy for the prevention of systemic inflammation via the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qinjun Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhijian Dong
- Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yubin Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yukun Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiang Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xi-nong Road, Yangling 712100, China
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Bioactive Agent Discovery from the Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235713. [PMID: 33287318 PMCID: PMC7731446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a well-known chronic metabolic disease that poses a long-term threat to human health and is characterized by a relative or absolute lack of insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) typically affects many metabolic pathways, resulting in β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, abnormal blood glucose levels, inflammatory processes, excessive oxidative reactions, and impaired lipid metabolism. It also leads to diabetes-related complications in many organ systems. Antidiabetic drugs have been approved for the treatment of hyperglycemia in T2DM; these are beneficial for glucose metabolism and promote weight loss, but have the risk of side effects, such as nausea or an upset stomach. A wide range of active components, derived from medicinal plants, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenol, quinones, and terpenoids may act as alternative sources of antidiabetic agents. They are usually attributed to improvements in pancreatic function by increasing insulin secretions or by reducing the intestinal absorption of glucose. Ease of availability, low cost, least undesirable side effects, and powerful pharmacological actions make plant-based preparations the key player of all available treatments. Based on the study of therapeutic reagents in the pathogenesis of humans, we use the appropriate animal models of T2DM to evaluate medicinal plant treatments. Many of the rat models have characteristics similar to those in humans and have the advantages of ease of genetic manipulation, a short breeding span, and access to physiological and invasive testing. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiological status of T2DM rat models and focus on several bioactive compounds from herbal medicine with different functional groups that exhibit therapeutic potential in the T2DM rat models, in turn, may guide future approach in treating diabetes with natural drugs.
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Shamsi-Goushki A, Mortazavi Z, Mirshekar MA, Mohammadi M, Moradi-Kor N, Jafari-Maskouni S, Shahraki M. Comparative Effects of Curcumin versus Nano-Curcumin on Insulin Resistance, Serum Levels of Apelin and Lipid Profile in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2337-2346. [PMID: 32753918 PMCID: PMC7342486 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s247351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and abnormalities in insulin production. Apelin is associated with insulin resistance. According to the anti-diabetic properties of curcumin, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of curcumin and nano-curcumin intake on insulin resistance and serum levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), Apelin, and lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL and VLDL) in T2DM rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: Control, diabetic, diabetic treated with two doses of curcumin (100 and 200 mg/kg) and diabetic treated with two doses of nano-curcumin (100 and 200 mg/kg). Induction of T2DM was performed by intraperitoneal injection of Nicotinamide (110 mg/kg) and Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) in the fasting state. Rats received different doses of nano-curcumin and curcumin by gavage (daily) for 28 days. At the end of the intervention period, insulin resistance and serum levels of FBS, apelin and lipid profiles were measured. RESULTS Insulin resistance and serum levels of FBS, Apelin, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL were significantly decreased in diabetic rats treated with curcumin and nano-curcumin (p<0.05) so that nano-curcumin in reducing lipid profile is more effective than curcumin (P<0.05). Serum level of HDL in nano-curcumin groups was significantly higher than diabetic and curcumin groups (p<0.05). Also, with increasing insulin resistance, serum level of apelin increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The therapeutic effects of curcumin and nano-curcumin were effective in decreasing insulin resistance, serum levels of FBS, apelin and lipid profile. The dose of 100 mg/kg nano-curcumin was more effective in reducing lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shamsi-Goushki
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Zinat Mortazavi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
- Correspondence: Zinat Mortazavi Tel +98 5433295715Fax +98 5433295837 Email
| | - Mohammad Ali Mirshekar
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohammadi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Saber Jafari-Maskouni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mansour Shahraki
- Department of Nutrition, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Zhang S, Xue R, Hu R. The neuroprotective effect and action mechanism of polyphenols in diabetes mellitus-related cognitive dysfunction. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1295-1311. [PMID: 31598747 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide. Strong evidence has emerged that DM is a risk factor for the accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the development of dementia. Though traditional pharmaceutical agents are efficient for the management of DM and DM-related cognitive decrement, long-term use of these drugs are along with undesired side effects. Therefore, tremendous studies have focused on the therapeutic benefits of natural compounds at present. Ample evidence exists to prove that polyphenols are capable to modulate diabetic neuropathy with minimal toxicity and adverse effects. PURPOSE To describe the benefits and mechanisms of polyphenols on DM-induced cognitive dysfunction. In this review, we introduce an updated overview of associations between DM and cognitive dysfunction. The risk factors as well as pathological and molecular mechanisms of DM-induced cognitive dysfunction are summarized. More importantly, many active polyphenols that possess preventive and therapeutic effects on DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and the potential signaling pathways involved in the action are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effects of polyphenols on DM-related cognitive dysfunction pave a novel way for the management of diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ran Xue
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruizhe Hu
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Review of the Effect of Natural Compounds and Extracts on Neurodegeneration in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102533. [PMID: 31126031 PMCID: PMC6566911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with a high prevalence in the Western population. It is characterized by pancreas failure to produce insulin, which involves high blood glucose levels. The two main forms of diabetes are type 1 and type 2 diabetes, which correspond with >85% of the cases. Diabetes shows several associated alterations including vascular dysfunction, neuropathies as well as central complications. Brain alterations in diabetes are widely studied; however, the mechanisms implicated have not been completely elucidated. Diabetic brain shows a wide profile of micro and macrostructural changes, such as neurovascular deterioration or neuroinflammation leading to neurodegeneration and progressive cognition dysfunction. Natural compounds (single isolated compounds and/or natural extracts) have been widely assessed in metabolic disorders and many of them have also shown antioxidant, antiinflamatory and neuroprotective properties at central level. This work reviews natural compounds with brain neuroprotective activities, taking into account several therapeutic targets: Inflammation and oxidative stress, vascular damage, neuronal loss or cognitive impairment. Altogether, a wide range of natural extracts and compounds contribute to limit neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction under diabetic state. Therefore, they could broaden therapeutic alternatives to reduce or slow down complications associated with diabetes at central level.
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