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Jalli R, Mehrabani D, Zare S, Saeedi Moghadam M, Jamhiri I, Manafi N, Mehrabani G, Ghabanchi J, Razeghian Jahromi I, Rasouli-Nia A, Karimi-Busheri F. Cell Proliferation, Viability, Differentiation, and Apoptosis of Iron Oxide Labeled Stem Cells Transfected with Lipofectamine Assessed by MRI. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062395. [PMID: 36983399 PMCID: PMC10054380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess in vitro and in vivo tracking of iron oxide labeled stem cells transfected by lipofectamine using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), rat dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were characterized, labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles, and then transfected with lipofectamine to facilitate the internalization of these nanoparticles. Cell proliferation, viability, differentiation, and apoptosis were investigated. Prussian blue staining and MRI were used to trace transfected labeled cells. DPSCs were a morphologically spindle shape, adherent to culture plates, and positive for adipogenic and osteogenic inductions. They expressed CD73 and CD90 markers and lacked CD34 and CD45. Iron oxide labeling and transfection with lipofectamine in DPSCs had no toxic impact on viability, proliferation, and differentiation, and did not induce any apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo internalization of iron oxide nanoparticles within DPSCs were confirmed by Prussian blue staining and MRI tracking. Prussian blue staining and MRI tracking in the absence of any toxic effects on cell viability, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis were safe and accurate to track DPSCs labeled with iron oxide and transfected with lipofectamine. MRI can be a useful imaging modality when treatment outcome is targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Jalli
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research and Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Mahdi Saeedi Moghadam
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Iman Jamhiri
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Navid Manafi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Golshid Mehrabani
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
- Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Janan Ghabanchi
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Iman Razeghian Jahromi
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Aghdass Rasouli-Nia
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Feridoun Karimi-Busheri
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
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Islam J, So KH, Kc E, Moon HC, Kim A, Hyun SH, Kim S, Park YS. Transplantation of human embryonic stem cells alleviates motor dysfunction in AAV2-Htt171-82Q transfected rat model of Huntington's disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:585. [PMID: 34809707 PMCID: PMC8607638 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) transplantation had shown to provide a potential source of cells in neurodegenerative disease studies and lead to behavioral recovery in lentivirus transfected or, toxin-induced Huntington's disease (HD) rodent model. Here, we aimed to observe if transplantation of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled hESCs could migrate in the neural degenerated area and improve motor dysfunction in an AAV2-Htt171-82Q transfected Huntington rat model. METHODS All animals were randomly allocated into three groups at first: HD group, sham group, and control group. After six weeks, the animals of the HD group and sham group were again divided into two subgroups depending on animals receiving either ipsilateral or contralateral hESCs transplantation. We performed cylinder test and stepping test every two weeks after AAV2-Htt171-82Q injection and hESCs transplantation. Stem cell tracking was performed once per two weeks using T2 and T2*-weighted images at 4.7 Tesla MRI. We also performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining to detect the presence of hESCs markers, huntingtin protein aggregations, and iron in the striatum. RESULTS After hESCs transplantation, the Htt virus-injected rats exhibited significant behavioral improvement in behavioral tests. SPION labeled hESCs showed migration with hypointense signal in MRI. The cells were positive with βIII-tubulin, GABA, and DARPP32. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results suggested that hESCs transplantation can be a potential treatment for motor dysfunction of Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisan Islam
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ha So
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Elina Kc
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Cheol Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gammaknife Icon Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Aryun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hwan Hyun
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soochong Kim
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seok Park
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gammaknife Icon Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 776, 1 Sunhwanro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
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Gutova M, Cheng JP, Adhikarla V, Tsaturyan L, Barish ME, Rockne RC, Moschonas EH, Bondi CO, Kline AE. Intranasally Administered L-Myc-Immortalized Human Neural Stem Cells Migrate to Primary and Distal Sites of Damage after Cortical Impact and Enhance Spatial Learning. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:5549381. [PMID: 34122556 PMCID: PMC8166475 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5549381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As the success of stem cell-based therapies is contingent on efficient cell delivery to damaged areas, neural stem cells (NSCs) have promising therapeutic potential because they inherently migrate to sites of central nervous system (CNS) damage. To explore the possibility of NSC-based therapy after traumatic brain injury (TBI), isoflurane-anesthetized adult male rats received a controlled cortical impact (CCI) of moderate severity (2.8 mm deformation at 4 m/s) or sham injury (i.e., no cortical impact). Beginning 1-week post-injury, the rats were immunosuppressed and 1 × 106 human NSCs (LM-NS008.GFP.fLuc) or vehicle (VEH) (2% human serum albumen) were administered intranasally (IN) on post-operative days 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17. To evaluate the spatial distributions of the LM-NSC008 cells, half of the rats were euthanized on day 25, one day after completion of the cognitive task, and the other half were euthanized on day 46. 1 mm thick brain sections were optically cleared (CLARITY), and volumes were imaged by confocal microscopy. In addition, LM-NSC008 cell migration to the TBI site by immunohistochemistry for human-specific Nestin was observed at day 39. Acquisition of spatial learning was assessed in a well-established Morris water maze task on six successive days beginning on post-injury day 18. IN administration of LM-NSC008 cells after TBI (TBI + NSC) significantly facilitated spatial learning relative to TBI + VEH rats (p < 0.05) and had no effect on sham + NSC rats. Overall, these data indicate that IN-administered LM-NSC008 cells migrate to sites of TBI damage and that their presence correlates with cognitive improvement. Future studies will expand on these preliminary findings by evaluating other LM-NSC008 cell dosing paradigms and evaluating mechanisms by which LM-NSC008 cells contribute to cognitive recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Gutova
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey P. Cheng
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vikram Adhikarla
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Division of Mathematical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lusine Tsaturyan
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Michael E. Barish
- Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Russell C. Rockne
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Division of Mathematical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Eleni H. Moschonas
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Corina O. Bondi
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anthony E. Kline
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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4
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Klontzas ME, Kakkos GA, Papadakis GZ, Marias K, Karantanas AH. Advanced clinical imaging for the evaluation of stem cell based therapies. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 21:1253-1264. [PMID: 33576278 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1890711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: As stem cell treatments reach closer to the clinic, the need for appropriate noninvasive imaging for accurate disease diagnosis, treatment planning, follow-up, and early detection of complications, is constantly rising. Clinical radiology affords an extensive arsenal of advanced imaging techniques, to provide anatomical and functional information on the whole spectrum of stem cell treatments from diagnosis to follow-up.Areas covered: This manuscript aims at providing a critical review of major published studies on the utilization of advanced imaging for stem cell treatments. Uses of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and positron emission tomography (PET) are reviewed and interrogated for their applicability to stem cell imaging.Expert opinion: A wide spectrum of imaging methods have been utilized for the evaluation of stem cell therapies. The majority of published techniques are not clinically applicable, using methods exclusively applicable to animals or technology irrelevant to current clinical practice. Harmonization of preclinical methods with clinical reality is necessary for the timely translation of stem cell therapies to the clinic. Methods such as diffusion weighted MRI, hybrid imaging, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound hold great promise and should be routinely incorporated in the evaluation of patients receiving stem cell treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail E Klontzas
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Advanced Hybrid Imaging Systems, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George A Kakkos
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Z Papadakis
- Advanced Hybrid Imaging Systems, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kostas Marias
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Apostolos H Karantanas
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Advanced Hybrid Imaging Systems, Institute of Computer Science, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Laboratory (CBML), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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5
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Zaw Thin M, Allan H, Bofinger R, Kostelec TD, Guillaume S, Connell JJ, Patrick PS, Hailes HC, Tabor AB, Lythgoe MF, Stuckey DJ, Kalber TL. Multi-modal imaging probe for assessing the efficiency of stem cell delivery to orthotopic breast tumours. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16570-16585. [PMID: 32749427 PMCID: PMC7586303 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have been utilised as anti-cancer agents due to their ability to home to and integrate within tumours. Methods to augment stem cell homing to tumours are being investigated with the goal of enhancing treatment efficacy. However, it is currently not possible to evaluate both cell localisation and cell viability after engraftment, hindering optimisation of therapy. In this study, luciferase-expressing human adipocyte-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were incubated with Indium-111 radiolabelled iron oxide nanoparticles to produce cells with tri-modal imaging capabilities. ADSCs were administered intravenously (IV) or intracardially (IC) to mice bearing orthotopic breast tumours. Cell fate was monitored using bioluminescence imaging (BLI) as a measure of cell viability, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for cell localisation and single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) for cell quantification. Serial monitoring with multi-modal imaging showed the presence of viable ADSCs within tumours as early as 1-hour post IC injection and the percentage of ADSCs within tumours to be 2-fold higher after IC than IV. Finally, histological analysis was used to validate engraftment of ADSC within tumour tissue. These findings demonstrate that multi-modal imaging can be used to evaluate the efficiency of stem cell delivery to tumours and that IC cell administration is more effective for tumour targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Zaw Thin
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - Helen Allan
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Robin Bofinger
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Tomas D Kostelec
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Simon Guillaume
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - John J Connell
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - P Stephen Patrick
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - Helen C Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Alethea B Tabor
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20, Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Mark F Lythgoe
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - Daniel J Stuckey
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
| | - Tammy L Kalber
- UCL Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.
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Vinod E, James JV, Kachroo U, Sathishkumar S, Livingston A, Ramasamy B. Comparison of incremental concentrations of micron-sized superparamagnetic iron oxide for labelling articular cartilage derived chondroprogenitors. Acta Histochem 2019; 121:791-797. [PMID: 31326114 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In vivo tracking of labelled cells can provide valuable information about cellular behavior in the microenvironment, migration and contribution of transplanted cells toward tissue regeneration. Articular cartilage derived chondroprogenitors (CPs) show promise as a candidate for cell-based therapy as they have been classified as mesenchymal stem cells with inherent chondrogenic potential. Iron oxide labelling is known to withstand harsh processing techniques known to be associated with staining of osteochondral specimens. AIM AND METHODS The aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility of labelling CPs with micron-sized super paramagnetic iron oxide (M-SPIO) particles and to study the effects of this approach on the labelling efficiency, viability, maintenance of phenotype and potential for differentiation. Human CPs were isolated using fibronectin adhesion assay, passage 2 cells were labelled using three concentrations of M-SPIO (12.75 μg/ml, 25.5 μg/ml and 38.25 μg/ml). At sub confluence, cells were assessed for a) iron uptake by Prussian blue stain and colorimetry b) viability using 7-amino actinomycin D, c) MSC marker expression by flow cytometric analysis and d) trilineage differentiation potential. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Iron uptake was higher with increase in M-SPIO concentration whereas CD73, CD90 marker expression significantly decreased and chondrogenic potential appreciably reduced with increase in M-SPIO concentration. In conclusion, 12.75 μg/ml M-SPIO can successfully label human articular cartilage derived chondroprogenitors with minimal effect on cellular viability, MSC marker expression and potential for differentiation.
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7
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Ghanem LY, Mansour IM, Abulata N, Akl MM, Demerdash ZA, El Baz HG, Mahmoud SS, Mohamed SH, Mahmoud FS, Hassan ASM. Liver Macrophage Depletion Ameliorates The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in a Murine Model of Injured Liver. Sci Rep 2019; 9:35. [PMID: 30631109 PMCID: PMC6328636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy show different levels of effectiveness in the context of different types of liver damage, suggesting that the microenvironment of the injured liver is a key determinant for effective stem cell therapy. The objective was to assess the modulatory effect of hepatic stem cell niche components on the transplanted MSCs during liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled human MSCs were injected intravenously into mice treated with CCl4 and subjected to hepatic macrophage-depletion. Liver tissues were collected at different intervals post transplantation for subsequent histopathological, morphometric, immunohistochemical, gene expression and ultrastructural studies. The homing of the transplanted MSCs was evidenced by tracing them within the niche by iron staining and immunohistochemical studies. MSCs differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells and intimal smooth muscle cells as evidenced by their expression of human albumin and α-smooth muscle actin with a concomitant increase in the level of mouse hepatocyte growth factor. A post transplantation reduction in the liver fibro-inflammatory reaction was found and was promoted by liver macrophages depletion. Thus, it could be concluded from the present study that prior manipulation of the microenvironment is required to improve the outcome of the transplanted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Y Ghanem
- Departments of Electron Microscopy, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Iman M Mansour
- Department of Clinical & Chemical pathology, Kasr Al-Ainy hospital, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nelly Abulata
- Department of Clinical & Chemical pathology, Kasr Al-Ainy hospital, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Maha M Akl
- Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Zeinab A Demerdash
- Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Hanan G El Baz
- Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Soheir S Mahmoud
- Department of parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Salwa H Mohamed
- Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Faten S Mahmoud
- Department of Immunology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Ayat S M Hassan
- Departments of Electron Microscopy, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Warrak El-Hadar, Imbaba, P.O. Box 30, Giza, 12411, Egypt.
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8
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Mohanty S, Jain KG, Nandy SB, Kakkar A, Kumar M, Dinda AK, Singh H, Ray A. Iron oxide labeling does not affect differentiation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exhibited by their differentiation into cardiac and neuronal cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 448:17-26. [PMID: 29450799 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising outcomes in cardiac and neuronal diseases. Efficient and noninvasive tracking of MSCs is essential to harness their therapeutic potential. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have emerged as effective means to label stem cells and visualize them using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is known that IONPs do not affect viability and cell proliferation of stem cells. However, very few studies have demonstrated differentiation potential of iron oxide-labeled MSCs and their differentiation into specific lineages that can contribute to cellular therapies. The differentiation of IONP-labeled human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) into cardiac and neuronal lineages has never been studied. In this study, we have shown that IONP-labeled hBM-MSCs retain their differentiation potential to cardiac and neuronal cell lineages. We also confirmed that labeling hBM-MSCs with IONP does not affect their characteristic properties such as viability, cellular proliferation rate, surface marker profiling, and trilineage differentiation capacity. This study shows that IONP can be efficiently tracked, and its labeling does not alter stemness and differentiation potential of hBM-MSCs. Thus, the labeled hBM-MSCs can be used in clinical therapies and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility, Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
| | - Krishan Gopal Jain
- Stem Cell Facility, Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushmita Bose Nandy
- Stem Cell Facility, Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Northern New Mexico College, Espanola, NM, USA
| | - Anupama Kakkar
- Stem Cell Facility, Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Harpal Singh
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Ray
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India
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9
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Neural Induction Potential and MRI of ADSCs Labeled Cationic Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle In Vitro. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 2018:6268437. [PMID: 29666564 PMCID: PMC5832102 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6268437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with contrast agents is believed to be useful for stem cell tracking in vivo, and the aim of this research was to investigate the biosafety and neural induction of SD rat-originated adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) using cationic superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticle which was synthesized by the improved polyol method, in order to allow visualization using in vitro MRI. The scan protocols were performed with T2-mapping sequence; meanwhile, the ultrastructure of labeled cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) while the iron content was measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). After neural induction, nestin and NSE (neural markers) were obviously expressed. In vitro MRI showed that the cationic PEG/PEI-modified SPIO nanoparticles could achieve great relaxation performance and favourable longevity. And the ICP-AES quantified the lowest iron content that could be detected by MRI as 1.56~1.8 pg/cell. This study showed that the cationic SPIO could be directly used to label ADSCs, which could then inductively differentiate into nerve and be imaged by in vitro MRI, which would exhibit important guiding significance for the further in vivo MRI towards animal models with neurodegenerative disorders.
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10
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Zhao J, Guan X, Liu Y, Piao H, Liu R, Zhou X, Sun B, Du Y, Liu J. Potential role of tracing stem cell transplantation and effects on the immune cell function of ferumoxytol combining with heparin and protamine in vivo/in vitro. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:423-432. [PMID: 28150359 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cell labeling and tracing have played an increasingly important role in the field of stem cell transplantation. Nanocomplexes combining three Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs: heparin (H), protamine (P), and ferumoxytol (F) (HPF nanocomplexes) display high labeling efficiency in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs), but their biological safety has not been determined. In this study, we tested the labeling efficiency of HPF in hADSCs through in vitro cytotoxicity studies and in vivo murine preclinical studies using HPF-labeled hADSCs. The labeling process did not cause cell apoptosis and had little effect on cell proliferation. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the HPF-labeled cells produced a hypointense signal that did not affect liver and kidney functions. However, after injection of HPF-labeled cells into mice, lymphocyte transformation testing showed that T and B lymphocyte proliferation was significantly increased. These findings suggest that extensive safety testing of HPF nanocomplexes is necessary; the process to evaluate HPF as an investigative new drug application could therefore be postponed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Zhao
- Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Hua Piao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Rutao Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Du
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
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Huang S, Zhao W, Wang Z, Tao K, Liu X, Chang P. Potential drawbacks in cell-assisted lipotransfer: A systematic review of existing reports (Review). Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1063-9. [PMID: 26677061 PMCID: PMC4732852 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-assisted lipotransfer (CAL) has been widely used in various clinical applications, including breast augmentation following mammectomy, soft-tissue reconstruction and wound healing. However, the clinical application of CAL has been restricted due to the transplanted fat tissues being readily liquefied and absorbed. The present review examines 57 previously published studies involving CAL, including fat grafting or fat transfer with human adipose-stem cells in all known databases. Of these 57 articles, seven reported the clinical application of CAL. In the 57 studies, the majority of the fat tissues were obtained from the abdomen via liposuction of the seven clinical studies, four were performed in patients requiring breast augmentation, one in a patient requiring facial augmentation, one in a patient requiring soft tissue augmentation/reconstruction and one in a patient requiring fat in their upper arms. Despite the potential risks, there has been an increased demand for CAL in in cosmetic or aesthetic applications. Thus, criteria and guidelines are necessary for the clinical application of CAL technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, P.R. China
| | - Weiliang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Zihua Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, P.R. China
| | - Kai Tao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110840, P.R. China
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Yin Y, Zhou X, Guan X, Liu Y, Jiang CB, Liu J. In vivo tracking of human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion by magnetic resonance imaging. Neural Regen Res 2015. [PMID: 26199607 PMCID: PMC4498352 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferumoxytol, an iron replacement product, is a new type of superparamagnetic iron oxide approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herein, we assessed the feasibility of tracking transplanted human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol in middle cerebral artery occlusion-injured rats by 3.0 T MRI in vivo. 1 × 104 human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine were transplanted into the brains of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurologic impairment was scored at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation. T2-weighted imaging and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography were used to observe transplanted cells. Results of imaging tests were compared with results of Prussian blue staining. The modified neurologic impairment scores were significantly lower in rats transplanted with cells at all time points except 1 day post-transplantation compared with rats without transplantation. Regions with hypointense signals on T2-weighted and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography images corresponded with areas stained by Prussian blue, suggesting the presence of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles within the engrafted cells. Enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography image exhibited better sensitivity and contrast in tracing ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine-labeled human adipose-derived stem cells compared with T2-weighted imaging in routine MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chang-Bin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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13
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Gavins FNE, Smith HK. Cell tracking technologies for acute ischemic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2015; 35:1090-9. [PMID: 25966948 PMCID: PMC4640284 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2015.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has showed considerable potential in the treatment of stroke over the last decade. In order that these therapies may be optimized, the relative benefits of growth factor release, immunomodulation, and direct tissue replacement by therapeutic stem cells are widely under investigation. Fundamental to the progress of this research are effective imaging techniques that enable cell tracking in vivo. Direct analysis of the benefit of cell therapy includes the study of cell migration, localization, division and/or differentiation, and survival. This review explores the various imaging tools currently used in clinics and laboratories, addressing image resolution, long-term cell monitoring, imaging agents/isotopes, as well as safety and costs associated with each technique. Finally, burgeoning tracking techniques are discussed, with emphasis on multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity NE Gavins
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Helen K Smith
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Department, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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14
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Nucci LP, Silva HR, Giampaoli V, Mamani JB, Nucci MP, Gamarra LF. Stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in a preclinical model of cerebral ischemia: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:27. [PMID: 25889904 PMCID: PMC4425914 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although there is an increase in clinical trials assessing the efficacy of cell therapy in structural and functional regeneration after stroke, there are not enough data in the literature describing the best cell type to be used, the best route, and also the best nanoparticle to analyze these stem cells in vivo. This review analyzed published data on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled stem cells used for ischemic stroke therapy. Method We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from experiments testing the efficacy of cellular treatment with SPION versus no treatment to improve behavioral or modified neural scale outcomes in animal models of stroke by the Cochrane Collaboration and indexed in EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science since 2000. To test the impact of study quality and design characteristics, we used random-effects meta-regression. In addition, trim and fill were used to assess publication bias. Results The search retrieved 258 articles. After application of the inclusion criteria, 24 reports published between January 2000 and October 2014 were selected. These 24 articles were analyzed for nanoparticle characteristics, stem cell types, and efficacy in animal models. Conclusion This study highlights the therapeutic role of stem cells in stroke and emphasizes nanotechnology as an important tool for monitoring stem cell migration to the affected neurological locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo P Nucci
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, 04021-001, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Helio R Silva
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Santa Casa Misericórdia de São Paulo, Dr. Cesario Motta Junior, 61 - Vila Buarque, 01221-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Viviana Giampaoli
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010 - Cidade Universitária, 05508-090, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Javier B Mamani
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana P Nucci
- LIM44, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Éneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255 - Cerqueira César, 05403-000, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Lionel F Gamarra
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, 04021-001, São Paulo-SP, Brazil. .,Santa Casa Misericórdia de São Paulo, Dr. Cesario Motta Junior, 61 - Vila Buarque, 01221-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
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15
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Alvarim LT, Nucci LP, Mamani JB, Marti LC, Aguiar MF, Silva HR, Silva GS, Nucci-da-Silva MP, DelBel EA, Gamarra LF. Therapeutics with SPION-labeled stem cells for the main diseases related to brain aging: a systematic review. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3749-70. [PMID: 25143726 PMCID: PMC4137998 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s65616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in clinical trials assessing the efficacy of cell therapy for structural and functional regeneration of the nervous system in diseases related to the aging brain is well known. However, the results are inconclusive as to the best cell type to be used or the best methodology for the homing of these stem cells. This systematic review analyzed published data on SPION (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle)-labeled stem cells as a therapy for brain diseases, such as ischemic stroke, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and dementia. This review highlights the therapeutic role of stem cells in reversing the aging process and the pathophysiology of brain aging, as well as emphasizing nanotechnology as an important tool to monitor stem cell migration in affected regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa T Alvarim
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marina F Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helio R Silva
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elaine A DelBel
- Universidade de São Paulo-Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil ; NAPNA-Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa em Neurociências Aplicadas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lionel F Gamarra
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Azzabi F, Rottmar M, Jovaisaite V, Rudin M, Sulser T, Boss A, Eberli D. Viability, differentiation capacity, and detectability of super-paramagnetic iron oxide-labeled muscle precursor cells for magnetic-resonance imaging. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 21:182-91. [PMID: 24988198 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies are a promising approach for the treatment of a variety of human conditions including stress urinary incontinence, but their success greatly depends on the biodistribution, migration, survival, and differentiation of the transplanted cells. Noninvasive in vivo cell tracking therefore presents an important aspect for translation of such a procedure into the clinics. Upon labeling with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles, cells can be tracked by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but possible adverse effect of the labeling have to be considered when labeling stem cells with SPIOs. In this study, human muscle precursor cells (hMPC) were labeled with increasing concentrations of SPIO nanoparticles (100-1600 μg/mL) and cell viability and differentiation capacity upon labeling was assessed in vitro. While a linear dependence between cell viability and nanoparticle concentration could be observed, differentiation capacity was not affected by the presence of SPIOs. Using a nude mouse model, a concentration (400 μg/mL) could be defined that allows reliable detection of hMPCs by MRI but does not influence myogenic in vivo differentiation to mature and functional muscle tissue. This suggests that such an approach can be safely used in a clinical setting to track muscle regeneration in patients undergoing cell therapy without negative effects on the functionality of the bioengineered muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Azzabi
- 1 Division of Urology, University Hospital Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Isolation, characterization, differentiation, and application of adipose-derived stem cells. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 123:55-105. [PMID: 20091288 DOI: 10.1007/10_2009_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are known and have been investigated for a long time, mesenchymal stem cells derived from the adipose tissue were identified as such by Zuk et al. in 2001. However, as subcutaneous fat tissue is a rich source which is much more easily accessible than bone marrow and thus can be reached by less invasive procedures, adipose-derived stem cells have moved into the research spotlight over the last 8 years.Isolation of stromal cell fractions involves centrifugation, digestion, and filtration, resulting in an adherent cell population containing mesenchymal stem cells; these can be subdivided by cell sorting and cultured under common conditions.They seem to have comparable properties to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in their differentiation abilities as well as a favorable angiogenic and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion profile and therefore have become widely used in tissue engineering and clinical regenerative medicine.
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18
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Bull E, Madani SY, Sheth R, Seifalian A, Green M, Seifalian AM. Stem cell tracking using iron oxide nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:1641-53. [PMID: 24729700 PMCID: PMC3976208 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s48979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are an exciting advancement in the field of nanotechnology. They expand the possibilities of noninvasive analysis and have many useful properties, making them potential candidates for numerous novel applications. Notably, they have been shown that they can be tracked by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and are capable of conjugation with various cell types, including stem cells. In-depth research has been undertaken to establish these benefits, so that a deeper level of understanding of stem cell migratory pathways and differentiation, tumor migration, and improved drug delivery can be achieved. Stem cells have the ability to treat and cure many debilitating diseases with limited side effects, but a main problem that arises is in the noninvasive tracking and analysis of these stem cells. Recently, researchers have acknowledged the use of SPIONs for this purpose and have set out to establish suitable protocols for coating and attachment, so as to bring MRI tracking of SPION-labeled stem cells into common practice. This review paper explains the manner in which SPIONs are produced, conjugated, and tracked using MRI, as well as a discussion on their limitations. A concise summary of recently researched magnetic particle coatings is provided, and the effects of SPIONs on stem cells are evaluated, while animal and human studies investigating the role of SPIONs in stem cell tracking will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bull
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London
| | - Seyed Yazdan Madani
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London
| | - Roosey Sheth
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London
| | - Mark Green
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand Campus, London, UK
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- UCL Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London ; Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK
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Yang H, Zou L, Zhang S, Gong M, Zhang D, Qi Y, Zhou S, Diao X. Feasibility of MR imaging in evaluating breast cancer lymphangiogenesis using Polyethylene glycol-GoldMag nanoparticles. Clin Radiol 2013; 68:1233-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Liao J, Xia R, Liu T, Feng H, Ai H, Song B, Gao F. In vivo dynamic monitoring of the biological behavior of labeled C6 glioma by MRI. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:1397-402. [PMID: 23503932 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of intracranial tumor and have the highest rate of mortality. The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term course and biological behavior of orthotopically implanted C6 gliomas and to dynamically monitor the distribution of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanocomposite-labeled C6 glioma cells in rats using 7.0T MRI. We observed that in the MRI of the rats implanted with SPIO-labeled cells, there were pronounced hypointense signal bands, which faded over time, but remained visible up to day 27 after implantation. We observed that the first tumors were detected as early as 2 days after implantation, presenting as slightly hyperintense regions with indefinite boundaries in the T1-weighted images (T1WIs). On the 9th day, thick tumor feeder vessels, ~0.2 mm in diameter, were observed and these increased rapidly over time. Edema was observed in the labeled and unlabeled groups in the T2WIs. Both the central hypointense signal area and the peripheral cogwheel-shaped hypointense signal band in the tumor were observed on the post-contrast T1WIs, in accordance with the necrosis observed in the photomicrographs following hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. In conclusion, labeling tumor cells with SPIO and performing an MRI scan dynamically monitors the development and biological behavior of glioma at a very early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichun Liao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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Fan J, Tan Y, Jie L, Wu X, Yu R, Zhang M. Biological activity and magnetic resonance imaging of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-labeled adipose-derived stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:44. [PMID: 23618360 PMCID: PMC3706947 DOI: 10.1186/scrt191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction No comparative study of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs)-labeling and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been performed. Methods We studied the biological activity and MRI of ADSCs by labeling them with SPIOs and comparing them with BMSCs. After incubating the cells in culture medium with different levels of SPIOs (control group: 0 μg/ml; Groups 1 to 3: 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) for 24 hours, we compared ADSCs with BMSCs in terms of intracellular iron content, labeling efficiency, and cell viability. Stem cells in the culture medium containing 50 μg/ml SPIOs were induced into osteoblasts and fat cells. Adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials were compared. R2* values of MRI in vitro were compared. Results The results showed that labeling efficiency was highest in Group 2. Intracellular iron content and R2* values increased with increasing concentrations of SPIOs, whereas cell viability decreased with increasing concentrations of SPIOs, and adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials decreased. However, we found no significant difference between the two kinds of cells for any of these indexes. Conclusions ADSCs can be labeled and traced as easily as BMSCs in vitro. Given their abundance and higher proliferative capacity, as was previously shown, ADSCs may be better suited to stem cell therapy than are BMSCs.
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Superparamagnetic iron oxide is suitable to label tendon stem cells and track them in vivo with MR imaging. Ann Biomed Eng 2013; 41:2109-19. [PMID: 23549900 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-013-0802-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tendon stem cells (TSCs) may be used to effectively repair or regenerate injured tendons. However, the fates of TSCs once implanted in vivo remain unclear. This study was aimed to determine the feasibility of labeling TSCs with super-paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nano-particles to track TSCs in vivo using MRI. Rabbit TSCs were labeled by incubation with 50 μg/mL SPIO. Labeling efficiency, cell viability, and proliferation were then measured, and the stemness of TSCs was tested by quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. We found that the labeling efficiency of TSCs reached as high as 98%, and that labeling at 50 μg/mL SPIO concentrations did not alter cell viability and cell proliferation compared to non-labeled control cells. Moreover, the expression levels of stem cell markers (Nucleostemin, Nanog, and Oct-4) did not change in SPIO-labeled TSCs compared to non-labeled cells. Both labeled and non-labeled cells also exhibited similar differentiation potential. Finally, labeled TSCs could be detected by MRI both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the findings of this study show that labeling TSCs with SPIO particles is a feasible approach to track TSCs in vivo by MRI, which offers a non-invasive method to monitor repair of injured tendons.
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Lu SS, Liu S, Zu QQ, Xu XQ, Yu J, Wang JW, Zhang Y, Shi HB. In vivo MR imaging of intraarterially delivered magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells in a canine stroke model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54963. [PMID: 23408953 PMCID: PMC3567107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of intraarterial (IA) delivery and in vivo MR imaging of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a canine stroke model. Methodology MSCs harvested from beagles’ bone marrow were labeled with home-synthesized SPIO. Adult beagle dogs (n = 12) were subjected to left proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion by autologous thrombus, followed by two-hour left internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion with 5 French vertebral catheter. One week later, dogs were classified as three groups before transplantation: group A: complete MCA recanalization, group B: incomplete MCA recanalization, group C: no MCA recanalization. 3×106 labeled-MSCs were delivered through left ICA. Series in vivo MRI images were obtained before cell grafting, one and 24 hours after transplantation and weekly thereafter until four weeks. MRI findings were compared with histological studies at the time point of 24 hours and four weeks. Principal Findings Home-synthesized SPIO was useful to label MSCs without cell viability compromise. MSCs scattered widely in the left cerebral hemisphere in group A, while fewer grafted cells were observed in group B and no cell was detected in group C at one hour after transplantation. A larger infarction on the day of cell transplantation was associated with more grafted cells in the brain. Grafted MSCs could be tracked effectively by MRI within four weeks and were found in peri-infarction area by Prussian blue staining. Conclusion It is feasible of IA MSCs transplantation in a canine stroke model. Both the ipsilateral MCA condition and infarction volume before transplantation may affect the amount of grafted cells in target brain. In vivo MR imaging is useful for tracking IA delivered MSCs after SPIO labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-shan Lu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing-quan Zu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-quan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-bin Shi
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- * E-mail:
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Design of deformable chitosan microspheres loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for embolotherapy detectable by magnetic resonance imaging. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1725-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Yang FY, Yu MX, Zhou Q, Chen WL, Gao P, Huang Z. Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Labeling on Human Endothelial Cells. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:1805-20. [PMID: 22776829 DOI: 10.3727/096368912x652986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (INOPS) are a potential contrast agent for magnetic resonance (MR) tracking of transplanted endothelial cells. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of INOPS labeling on endothelial cells. The mixture of INOPS and poly-l-lysine (PLL) was used to label human endothelial cells. Labeling efficiency was examined by Prussian blue staining, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic absorption spectrometry. The effect of iron oxide concentration on cell viability and proliferation were determined. The correlation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis was also examined. In vitro MRI scanning was carried out using a 1.5T MR system. INOPS-PLL could be readily taken up by endothelial cells and subsequently induce MRI signal intensity changes. However, higher labeling concentration (>50 μg/ml) and longer incubation (48 h) can affect cell viability and proliferation. Mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and autolysosmes were observed under high INOPS-PLL concentrations, which were correlated to ROS production. INOPS-PLL nanoparticles can be used to label transplanted endothelial cells. However, high concentration of INOPS can impair cell viability, possibly through ROS-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Yuan Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Xi Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Li Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- School of Medicine and School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Colorado-Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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26
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Moraes L, Vasconcelos-dos-Santos A, Santana FC, Godoy MA, Rosado-de-Castro PH, Jasmin, Azevedo-Pereira RL, Cintra WM, Gasparetto EL, Santiago MF, Mendez-Otero R. Neuroprotective effects and magnetic resonance imaging of mesenchymal stem cells labeled with SPION in a rat model of Huntington's disease. Stem Cell Res 2012; 9:143-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Tachibana Y, Enmi JI, Mahara A, Iida H, Yamaoka T. Design and characterization of a polymeric MRI contrast agent based on PVA for in vivo living-cell tracking. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2011; 5:309-17. [PMID: 21190268 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble MRI contrast agent for in vivo living cell tracking was developed. Unlike the conventional in vivo cell tracking system based on superparamagnetic iron oxide beads, the newly developed contrast agent is eliminated from the body when the contrast agent exits the cells upon cell death, which makes living cell tracking possible. The contrast agent is composed of gadolinium chelates (Gd-DOTA) and a water-soluble carrier, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), which is known to interact with cells and tissues very weakly. Since the Gd-PVA was not taken up by cells spontaneously, the electroporation method was used for cell labeling. The delivered Gd-PVA was localized only in the cytosolic compartment of growing cells with low cytotoxicity and did not leak out of the living cells for long periods of time. This stability may be due to the weak cell-membrane affinity of Gd-PVA, and did not affect cell proliferation at all. After cell labeling, signal enhancement of cells was observed in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that Gd-PVA can visualize only the living cells in vivo for a long period of time, even in areas deep within large animal bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Tachibana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita 565-8565, Japan
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28
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Adipose derived stem cells: efficiency, toxicity, stability of BrdU labeling and effects on self-renewal and adipose differentiation. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 351:65-75. [PMID: 21246262 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
5-bromo-2-deoxyurudine (BrdU) can be used as a methodological tool for in vivo investigations following in vitro prelabeling of isolated stem cells for subsequent cell tracking within the recipient host. The objective of this study was to determine how useful BrdU may be as a labeling modality for adipose derived stem cells (ASC) by examining BrdU toxicity, BrdU intracellular stability, and potential effects on ASC differentiation. Porcine and human ASC (pASC and hASC, respectively) were labeled with BrdU at 5 or 10 μM for 2, 6, 24, and 48 h. BrdU toxicity and stability over time in monolayer cultures, in 3-D collagen scaffolds implanted to a porcine model and after thawing from long-term storage were evaluated by MTT assays and immunohistochemistry. ASC differentiation was evaluated by Oil Red O staining. BrdU was not cytotoxic at all tested concentrations and incubation times. BrdU color intensity within each cell and the number of ASC labeled with BrdU decreased as a function of both incubation time and BrdU concentrations. Labeling intensities decreased over time and were undetectable after 6 passages for pASC and 4 passages for hASC. In 3-D scaffolds, BrdU-labeled ASC were identifiable after 90 days of in vitro cultures and for 30 days in a porcine model. BrdU did not prevent preadipocyte differentiation and BrdU labeling was still detectable after subsequent thawing after long-term storage of ASC. BrdU is an excellent candidate reagent to label and track ASC that will allow distinction between BrdU-labeled donor cells and host cells. The data provides a foundation for conducting future tissue engineering projects using BrdU-labeled ASC.
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29
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Nanotechnology and its Relationship to Interventional Radiology. Part II: Drug Delivery, Thermotherapy, and Vascular Intervention. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2010; 34:676-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-010-9967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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30
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Yu MX, Chen WL, Zhou Q, Gao P. Study on ASTC-a-1 cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide and its magnetic resonance imaging. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2010; 235:1053-61. [PMID: 20719819 DOI: 10.1258/ebm.2010.010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this preliminary study is to explore the feasibility of incorporating superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) with poly-L-lysine (PLL) for labeling and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Endorem (5-200 microg/mL) was incubated with ASTC-a-1 cells in the presence of PLL (1.5 microg/mL) for 0.5-24 h. The presence of SPIO in labeled cells was examined by Prussian blue stain. The effects of SPIO on cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the mitochondria were also examined. In vitro MRI of SPIO-PLL-labeled cells was performed using a clinical 1.5 T MRI system. The labeling efficiency of >99% could be achieved after incubating for 0.5 h with 25 microg/mL of SPIO in the presence of PLL (1.5 microg/mL). Higher concentrations of SPIO (e.g. >50 microg/mL) could induce significant cell death, which might be mediated by changes in intracellular ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential. In vitro MRI showed the decrease in MRI signal intensity on T(1)WI, T(2)WI and T(2)*WI sequences. In conclusion, MRI can trace SPIO-labeled cancer cells according to changes in T(1)WI, T(2)WI and T(2)*WI sequences. It should be noted that at higher concentrations, SPIO can cause cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xi Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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31
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Adipose tissue-derived stem cells rescue Purkinje neurons and alleviate inflammatory responses in Niemann-Pick disease type C mice. Cell Tissue Res 2010; 340:357-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-010-0942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Huang H, Chen L, Sanberg P. Cell Therapy From Bench to Bedside Translation in CNS Neurorestoratology Era. CELL MEDICINE 2010; 1:15-46. [PMID: 21359168 DOI: 10.3727/215517910x516673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in cell biology, neural injury and repair, and the progress towards development of neurorestorative interventions are the basis for increased optimism. Based on the complexity of the processes of demyelination and remyelination, degeneration and regeneration, damage and repair, functional loss and recovery, it would be expected that effective therapeutic approaches will require a combination of strategies encompassing neuroplasticity, immunomodulation, neuroprotection, neurorepair, neuroreplacement, and neuromodulation. Cell-based restorative treatment has become a new trend, and increasing data worldwide have strongly proven that it has a pivotal therapeutic value in CNS disease. Moreover, functional neurorestoration has been achieved to a certain extent in the CNS clinically. Up to now, the cells successfully used in preclinical experiments and/or clinical trial/treatment include fetal/embryonic brain and spinal cord tissue, stem cells (embryonic stem cells, neural stem/progenitor cells, hematopoietic stem cells, adipose-derived adult stem/precursor cells, skin-derived precursor, induced pluripotent stem cells), glial cells (Schwann cells, oligodendrocyte, olfactory ensheathing cells, astrocytes, microglia, tanycytes), neuronal cells (various phenotypic neurons and Purkinje cells), mesenchymal stromal cells originating from bone marrow, umbilical cord, and umbilical cord blood, epithelial cells derived from the layer of retina and amnion, menstrual blood-derived stem cells, Sertoli cells, and active macrophages, etc. Proof-of-concept indicates that we have now entered a new era in neurorestoratology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Huang
- Center for Neurorestoratology, Beijing Rehabilitation Center, Beijing, P.R. China
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33
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Cardozo A, Ielpi M, Gómez D, Argibay P. Differential expression of Shh and BMP signaling in the potential conversion of human adipose tissue stem cells into neuron-like cells in vitro. Gene Expr 2010; 14:307-19. [PMID: 20635573 PMCID: PMC6042023 DOI: 10.3727/105221610x12717040569866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system (NS) has a limited self-repair capability and adult neurogenesis is limited to certain regions of the brain. This generates a great interest in using stem cells to repair the NS. Previous reports have shown the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in neuron-like cells when cultures are enriched with growth factors participating in embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Therefore, it could be thought that there exists a functional parallelism between neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation of ASCs. For this reason, the goal of this work was to study the differential gene expression of Shh and BMP genetic pathways involved in cell fate determination and proliferation. In this study we demonstrated that hASCs are endowed with active Hedgehog and BMP signaling pathways through the expression of genes of both cascades and that their expressions are downregulated after neuronal induction. This idea is in accordance with the facts that Shh and BMP signaling is involved in the maintenance of cells with stem cells properties and that proliferation decreases during the process of differentiation. Furthermore, Noggin expression was detected in induced hASCs whereas there was no expression in noninduced cells, which indicates that these cells are probably adopting a neuronal fate because noggin diverts neural stem cells from glial to neuronal fate. We also detected FM1-43 and synaptophisin staining, which is evidence of the presence of putative functional presynaptic terminals, a neuron-specific property. These results could partially contribute to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in neuronal differentiation of adult human nonneural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Cardozo
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Experimental, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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34
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Abstract
Neonatal brain injury is an important cause of death and disability, with pathways of oxidant stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity that lead to damage that progresses over a long period of time. Therapies have classically targeted individual pathways during early phases of injury, but more recent therapies such as growth factors may also enhance cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration over time. More recent evidence suggests combined therapy may optimize repair, decreasing cell injury while increasing newly born cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donna M. Ferriero
- Department of Pediatrics; University of California, San Francisco (FFG, DMF)
- Department of Neurology; University of California, San Francisco (DMF)
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35
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Soenen SJH, De Cuyper M. Assessing cytotoxicity of (iron oxide-based) nanoparticles: an overview of different methods exemplified with cationic magnetoliposomes. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2009; 4:207-19. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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36
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Provenzale JM, Silva GA. Uses of nanoparticles for central nervous system imaging and therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009; 30:1293-301. [PMID: 19617446 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Applications of nanotechnology to medicine are leading to novel means of imaging living systems and of delivering therapy. Much nanotechnology research is focused on methods for imaging central nervous system functions and disease states. In this review, the principles of nanoparticle design and function are discussed with specific emphasis on applications to neuroradiology. In addition to innovative forms of imaging, this review describes therapeutic uses of nanoparticles, such as drug delivery systems, neuroprotection devices, and methods for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Provenzale
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-3808, USA.
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37
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Ashwal S, Obenaus A, Snyder EY. Neuroimaging as a basis for rational stem cell therapy. Pediatr Neurol 2009; 40:227-36. [PMID: 19218036 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2008.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal global or focal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury remains a frequent and devastating condition, with serious long-term sequelae. An important issue in any neonatal clinical trial of neuroprotective agents relates to developing accurate measures of injury severity and also suitable measures of the response to treatment. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques can acquire serial and noninvasive data about brain structure, metabolic activity, and the response to injury or treatment. These imaging methods need validation in appropriate animal models for translational research studies in human newborns. This review describes several approaches that use imaging as well as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess the severity of ischemic injury (e.g., for possible candidate selection) and for monitoring the progression and evolution of injury over time and as an indicator of recovery or response to treatment. Preliminary data are presented on how imaging can be used after neural stem cell implantation to characterize the migration rate, the magnitude of stem cell proliferation, and their final location. Imaging has the potential to allow monitoring of many dimensions of neuroprotective treatments and can be expected to contribute to efficacy and safety when clinical trials using neural stem cells or other neuroprotective agents become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Ashwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92354, USA.
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38
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Lim EK, Yang J, Suh JS, Huh YM, Haam S. Self-labeled magneto nanoprobes using tri-aminated polysorbate 80 for detection of human mesenchymal stem cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b912149h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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39
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Walker PA, Shah SK, Harting MT, Cox CS. Progenitor cell therapies for traumatic brain injury: barriers and opportunities in translation. Dis Model Mech 2009; 2:23-38. [PMID: 19132123 PMCID: PMC2615170 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) directly affects nearly 1.5 million new patients per year in the USA, adding to the almost 6 million cases in patients who are permanently affected by the irreversible physical, cognitive and psychosocial deficits from a prior injury. Adult stem cell therapy has shown preliminary promise as an option for treatment, much of which is limited currently to supportive care. Preclinical research focused on cell therapy has grown significantly over the last decade. One of the challenges in the translation of this burgeoning field is interpretation of the promising experimental results obtained from a variety of cell types, injury models and techniques. Although these variables can become barriers to a collective understanding and to evidence-based translation, they provide crucial information that, when correctly placed, offers the opportunity for discovery. Here, we review the preclinical evidence that is currently guiding the translation of adult stem cell therapy for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Walker
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shinil K. Shah
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Matthew T. Harting
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Charles S. Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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40
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Gonzalez FF, Ferriero DM. Therapeutics for neonatal brain injury. Pharmacol Ther 2008; 120:43-53. [PMID: 18718848 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal brain injury is an important cause of death and neurodevelopmental delay. Multiple pathways of oxidant stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity lead to both early and late phases of cell damage and death. Therapies targeting these different pathways have shown potential in protecting the brain from ongoing injury. More recent therapies, such as growth factors, have demonstrated an ability to increase cell proliferation and repair over longer periods of time. Even though hypothermia, which decreases cerebral metabolism and possibly affects other mechanisms, may show some benefit in particular cases, no widely effective therapeutic interventions for human neonates exist. In this review, we summarize recent findings in neuroprotection and neurogenesis for the immature brain, including combination therapy to optimize repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando F Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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41
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In vitro study of CD133 human stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2008; 4:330-9. [PMID: 18656426 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2007] [Revised: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are applied in stem cell labeling because of their high magnetic susceptibility as compared with ordinary paramagnetic species, their low toxicity, and their ease of magnetic manipulation. The present work is the study of CD133+ stem cell labeling by SPIONs coupled to a specific antibody (AC133), resulting in the antigenic labeling of the CD133+ stem cell, and a method was developed for the quantification of the SPION content per cell, necessary for molecular imaging optimization. Flow cytometry analysis established the efficiency of the selection process and helped determine that the CD133 cells selected by chromatographic affinity express the transmembrane glycoprotein CD133. The presence of antibodies coupled to the SPION, expressed in the cell membrane, was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Quantification of the SPION concentration in the marked cells using the ferromagnetic resonance technique resulted in a value of 1.70 x 10(-13) mol iron (9.5 pg) or 7.0 x 10(6) nanoparticles per cell (the measurement was carried out in a volume of 2 muL containing about 6.16 x 10(5) pg iron, equivalent to 4.5 x 10(11) SPIONs).
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Migration of Neurotrophic Factors-Secreting Mesenchymal Stem Cells Toward a Quinolinic Acid Lesion as Viewed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Stem Cells 2008; 26:2542-51. [DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2008-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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43
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Farr TD, Hoehn M. Perspectives of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of cell dynamics in the brain. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.2217/14796708.3.4.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MRI is an established diagnostic tool, but it also has great attraction for use in experimental research, particularly in neuroscience and neurology. In vivo imaging of specific cell populations in the brain is particularly attractive for furthering understanding of cell behavior in animal models of neurological disease and injury. Approaches towards this end typically make use of iron oxide nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents. These contrast agents can be taken up by peripheral inflammatory cells, by endogenous CNS cell populations, or by in vitro cell cultures for transplantation experiments. Molecular imaging of functional cell status, using MRI in combination with molecular biology, is a rapidly expanding field with great promise. The present review summarizes the current status of cellular MRI in the brain in the context of ischemia models, and relevant issues and approaches that aim to improve translation of cell therapy strategies into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy D Farr
- Max-Planck Institute for Neurological Research, In vivo-NMR Laboratory, Gleueler Strasse 50, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- Max-Planck Institute for Neurological Research, In vivo-NMR Laboratory, Gleueler Strasse 50, Cologne, 50931, Germany
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44
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Cai J, Zhang X, Wang X, Li C, Liu G. In vivo MR imaging of magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into rat liver through hepatic arterial injection. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2008; 3:61-6. [PMID: 18381616 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for tracking the magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplanted into rat liver through hepatic arterial injection. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSCs, harvested from the bone marrow of Wistar rats and expanded by the adhesion method, were labeled with both Feridex and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Cell transplantation was performed by injection of 1 x 10(6) labeled cells (n = 20) or unlabeled cells (n = 10) via hepatic artery into rat livers treated with 2% carbon tetrachloride to induce acute liver necrosis. MR imaging was performed on a clinical 1.5 T MR scanner with a T(2)*-weighted gradient-echo sequence immediately before and at 1 h, 3 days, 7 days and 14 days after transplantation, and the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were measured in liver, spleen, kidney and muscle. After MR examination, the animals were sacrificed, and the liver, kidney, lung and muscle were prepared for fluorescence observation and Prussian Blue staining. RESULTS In the group treated with labeled cells, the SNR of the liver after cell transplantation was 3.12 +/- 0.43 at 1 h, 7.98 +/- 1.05 at 3 days and 11.46 +/- 1.41 at 7 days. These values were significantly lower than the pre-transplantation SNR (14.40 +/- 0.37). In the group treated with unlabeled cells, no significant difference could be found between after and before transplantation liver SNRs. Prussian Blue staining showed iron particles, contained within the cytoplasm and distributed in the liver parenchyma, which corresponded to the DAPI-stained fluorescent nuclei under the fluorescence microscope. CONCLUSION The magnetically labeled MSCs transplanted into rat liver through hepatic arterial injection can be detected and monitored in vivo with a 1.5 T clinical MR scanner for up to 7 days after cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Cai
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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45
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Yan L, Han Y, He Y, Xie H, Liu J, Zhao L, Wang J, Gao L, Fan D. Cell tracing techniques in stem cell transplantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 3:265-9. [PMID: 17990127 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-007-9004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells have shown great therapeutic promise because of their natural capacity to regenerate damaged tissue. Likewise, autologous stem cells or genetically modified stem cells have already been successfully applied in animal or clinical experimental studies including cardiopathy, diabetic disease, system lupus erythema, pancreatic disease, and liver disease. In these studies regarding stem cell transplants in different diseases, identifying the location of implanted cells and distinguishing them from endogenous cells is the first and most important step. Moreover, different tracing techniques were applied in different studies for their different sensitivity, dynamic range, convenience and reliability of their assays. Therefore, we will here review different tracing techniques and their applications in stem cell transplants, including both experiment studies and preclinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 17 Changle Western Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China
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46
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Wiart M, Davoust N, Pialat JB, Berthezène Y, Nighoghossian N. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of inflammation in stroke. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 2007:4316-9. [PMID: 18002957 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4353291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of inflammation is based on the in vivo magnetic labelling of macrophages, the most abundant cells involved in the post-ischemic inflammatory response, by nanoparticles of iron oxides. Such approach has been successfully applied to study experimental rodent models of focal cerebral ischemia and has proved feasible in pioneer clinical studies. Despite current limitations, MRI of inflammation may become an important tool for the investigation of novel ischemic stroke therapeutics targeted at inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Wiart
- Université de Lyon, Creatis-LRMN, UMR CNRS 5220, Inserm U630, INSA de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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47
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Groman EV, Bouchard JC, Reinhardt CP, Vaccaro DE. Ultrasmall mixed ferrite colloids as multidimensional magnetic resonance imaging, cell labeling, and cell sorting agents. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:1763-71. [PMID: 17941682 DOI: 10.1021/bc070024w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One area that has been overlooked in the evolution of magnetic nanoparticle technology is the possibility of introducing informational atoms into the iron oxide core of the coated colloid. Introduction of suitable atoms into the iron oxide core offers an opportunity to produce a quantifiable probe, thereby adding one or more dimensions to the magnetic colloid's informational status. Lanthanide-doped iron oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized to introduce informational atoms through the formation of colloidal mixed ferrites. These colloids are designated ultrasmall mixed ferrite iron oxides (USMIOs). USMIOs containing 5 mol % europium exhibit superparamagnetic behavior with an induced magnetization of 56 emu/g Fe at 1.5 T, a powder X-ray diffraction pattern congruent with magnetite, and R1 and R2 relaxivity values of 15.4 (mM s) (-1) and 33.9 (mM s) (-1), respectively, in aqueous solution at 37 degrees C and 0.47 T. USMIO can be detected by five physical methods, combining the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) qualities of iron with the sensitive and quantitative detection of lanthanide metals by neutron activation analysis (NA), time-resolved fluorescence (TRF), X-ray fluorescence, along with detection by electron microscopy (EM). In addition to quantitative detection using neutron activation analysis, the presence of lanthanides in the iron oxide matrix confers attractive optical properties for long-term multilabeling studies with europium and terbium. These USMIOs offer high photostability, a narrow emission band, and a broad absorption band combining the high sensitivity of time-resolved fluorescence with the high spatial resolution of MRI. USMIO nanoparticles are prepared through modifications of traditional magnetite-based iron oxide colloid synthetic methods. A 5 mol % substitution of ferric iron with trivalent europium yielded a colloid with nearly identical magnetic, physical, and chemical characteristics to its magnetite colloid parent.
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