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Li JK, Jin ZY, Xu YJ, Fu NQ, Jiang Y, Li SY, Niu RL, Liu G, Wang ZL. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound to predict malignant upgrading of atypical ductal hyperplasia. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:27. [PMID: 38347651 PMCID: PMC10863177 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A malignancy might be found at surgery in cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) diagnosed via US-guided core needle biopsy (CNB). The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in predicting ADH diagnosed by US-guided CNB that was upgraded to malignancy after surgery. METHODS In this retrospective study, 110 CNB-diagnosed ADH lesions in 109 consecutive women who underwent US, CEUS, and surgery between June 2018 and June 2023 were included. CEUS was incorporated into US BI-RADS and yielded a CEUS-adjusted BI-RADS. The diagnostic performance of US BI-RADS and CEUS-adjusted BI-RADS for ADH were analyzed and compared. RESULTS The mean age of the 109 women was 49.7 years ± 11.6 (SD). The upgrade rate of ADH at CNB was 48.2% (53 of 110). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CEUS for identification of malignant upgrading were 96.2%, 66.7%,72.9%, and 95.0%, respectively, based on BI-RADS category 4B threshold. The two false-negative cases were low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ. Compared with the US, CEUS-adjusted BI-RADS had better specificity for lesions smaller than 2 cm (76.7% vs. 96.7%, P = 0.031). After CEUS, 16 (10 malignant and 6 nonmalignant) of the 45 original US BI-RADS category 4A lesions were up-classified to BI-RADS 4B, and 3 (1 malignant and 2 nonmalignant) of the 41 original US BI-RADS category 4B lesions were down-classified to BI-RADS 4A. CONCLUSIONS CEUS is helpful in predicting malignant upgrading of ADH, especially for lesions smaller than 2 cm and those classified as BI-RADS 4A and 4B on ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA 63820 Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Ying Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yong Jie Xu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Strategic Support Force Medical Center of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Nai Qin Fu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shi Yu Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Rui Lan Niu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhi Li Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Harper LK, Carnahan MB, Bhatt AA, Simmons CL, Patel BK, Downs E, Pockaj BA, Yancey K, Eversman SE, Sharpe RE. Imaging Characteristics of and Multidisciplinary Management Considerations for Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia and Flat Epithelial Atypia: Review of Current Literature. Radiographics 2023; 43:e230016. [PMID: 37768862 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
High-risk lesions of the breast are frequently encountered in percutaneous biopsy specimens. While benign, these lesions have historically undergone surgical excision due to their potential to be upgraded to malignancy. However, there is emerging evidence that a tailored management approach should be considered to reduce overtreatment of these lesions. Flat epithelial atypia (FEA) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) are two of the most commonly encountered high-risk lesions. FEA has been shown to have a relatively low rate of progression to malignancy, and some guidelines are now recommending observation over routine excision in select cases. Selective observation may be reasonable in cases where the target lesion is small and completely removed at biopsy and when there are no underlying risk factors, such as a history of breast cancer or genetic mutation or concurrent ADH. ADH has the highest potential upgrade rate to malignancy of all the high-risk lesions. Most society guidelines continue to recommend surgical excision of this lesion. More recently, some literature suggests that ADH lesions that appear completely removed at biopsy, involve limited foci (less than two or three) with no necrosis or significant atypia, manifest as a small group of mammographic calcifications, or demonstrate no enhancement at MRI may be reasonable for observation. Ultimately, management of all high-risk lesions must be based on a multidisciplinary approach that considers all patient, radiologic, clinical, and histopathologic factors. ©RSNA, 2023 Quiz questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Harper
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Molly B Carnahan
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Asha A Bhatt
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Curtis L Simmons
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Bhavika K Patel
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Erinn Downs
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Barbara A Pockaj
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Kristina Yancey
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Sarah E Eversman
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
| | - Richard E Sharpe
- From the Departments of Radiology (L.K.H., M.B.C., B.K.P., K.Y., S.E.E., R.E.S.), Pathology (E.D.), and Surgery (B.A.P.), Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (A.A.B.); and Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Ariz (C.L.S.)
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Harbhajanka A, Gilmore HL, Calhoun BC. High-risk and selected benign breast lesions diagnosed on core needle biopsy: Evidence for and against immediate surgical excision. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:1500-1508. [PMID: 35654997 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of image-detected breast abnormalities are diagnosed by percutaneous core needle biopsy (CNB) in contemporary practice. For frankly malignant lesions diagnosed by CNB, the standard practice of excision and multimodality therapy have been well-defined. However, for high-risk and selected benign lesions diagnosed by CNB, there is less consensus on optimal patient management and the need for immediate surgical excision. Here we outline the arguments for and against the practice of routine surgical excision of commonly encountered high-risk and selected benign breast lesions diagnosed by CNB. The entities reviewed include atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, intraductal papillomas, and radial scars. The data in the peer-reviewed literature confirm the benefits of a patient-centered, multidisciplinary approach that moves away from the reflexive "yes" or "no" for routine excision for a given pathologic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Harbhajanka
- Department of Pathology, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Hannah L Gilmore
- Department of Pathology, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Benjamin C Calhoun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Park KW, Han BK, Rhee SJ, Cho SY, Ko EY, Ko ES, Choi JS. Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia: Risk Factors for Predicting Pathologic Upgrade on Excisional Biopsy. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF RADIOLOGY 2022; 83:632-644. [PMID: 36238508 PMCID: PMC9514512 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To determine the incidence of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) in needle biopsy and the upgrade rate to carcinoma, and to evaluate difference in findings between the upgrade and non-upgrade groups. Materials and Methods Among 9660 needle biopsies performed over 48 months, we reviewed the radiologic and histopathologic findings of ADH and compared the differences in imaging findings (mammography and breast US) and biopsy methods between the upgrade and non-upgrade groups. Results The incidence of ADH was 1.7% (169/9660). Of 112 resected cases and 30 cases followed-up for over 2 years, 35 were upgraded to carcinoma (24.6%, 35/142). The upgrade rates were significantly different according to biopsy methods: US-guided core needle biopsy (US-CNB) (40.7%, 22/54) vs. stereotactic-vacuum-assisted biopsy (S-VAB) (16.0%, 12/75) vs. US-guided VAB (US-VAB) (7.7%, 1/13) (p = 0.002). Multivariable analysis showed that only US-CNB (odds ratio = 5.19, 95% confidence interval: 2.16–13.95, p < 0.001) was an independent predictor for pathologic upgrade. There was no upgrade when a sonographic mass was biopsied by US-VAB (n = 7) Conclusion The incidence of ADH was relatively low (1.7%) and the upgrade rate was 24.6%. Surgical excision should be considered because of the considerable upgrade rate, except in the case of US-VAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Woon Park
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boo-Kyung Han
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Jung Rhee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Youn Cho
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Ko
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Ko
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Soo Choi
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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5
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The effect of delay of excisional biopsy on upstage rate for atypical ductal hyperplasia, flat epithelial atypia, intraductal papilloma, and radial scar. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 196:527-534. [PMID: 36181604 PMCID: PMC9526195 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE When Core Needle Biopsy (CNB) demonstrates Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia (ADH), Flat Epithelial Atypia (FEA), Intraductal Papilloma (IDP), or Radial Scar/Complex Sclerosing Lesion (RS), excisional biopsy (EB) is often performed to rule out underlying malignancy with upstage rates (UR) ranging between 1 and 20%. The COVID-19 pandemic led to delayed EB for many patients. We sought to evaluate whether this delay was associated with higher UR. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of women who underwent CNB and then EB for ADH, FEA, IDP, or RS between 2017 and 2021 using an IRB-approved repository. UR was evaluated by days between CNB and EB. RESULTS 473 patients met inclusion. 55 were upstaged to cancer (11.6%). 178 patients had pure ADH on CNB and 37 were upstaged (20.8%). 50 patients had pure FEA and 3 were upstaged (6%). 132 had pure IDP and 7 were upstaged (5.3%). 98 had pure RS and 1 was upstaged (1%). 7/15 (46.7%) had a combination of diagnoses or diagnosis with palpable mass and were upstaged. Days between CNB and EB were < 60 for 275 patients (58.1%), 60-90 for 108 (22.8%), 91-120 for 43 (9.1%), and > 120 for 47 (9.9%). There was no significant difference in UR (10.9% for < 60, 14.8% for 60-90, 7% for 90-120, and 12.8% for > 120, p = 0.54). UR for ADH was clinically increased after 60 days (27.8 vs. 17.5%), but this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.1). CONCLUSION Surgical delay was not associated with an increased UR.
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Zachariah NN, Basu A, Gautam N, Ramamoorthi G, Kodumudi KN, Kumar NB, Loftus L, Czerniecki BJ. Intercepting Premalignant, Preinvasive Breast Lesions Through Vaccination. Front Immunol 2021; 12:786286. [PMID: 34899753 PMCID: PMC8652247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.786286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) prevention remains the ultimate cost-effective method to reduce the global burden of invasive breast cancer (IBC). To date, surgery and chemoprevention remain the main risk-reducing modalities for those with hereditary cancer syndromes, as well as high-risk non-hereditary breast lesions such as ADH, ALH, or LCIS. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a preinvasive malignant lesion of the breast that closely mirrors IBC and, if left untreated, develops into IBC in up to 50% of lesions. Certain high-risk patients with DCIS may have a 25% risk of developing recurrent DCIS or IBC, even after surgical resection. The development of breast cancer elicits a strong immune response, which brings to prominence the numerous advantages associated with immune-based cancer prevention over drug-based chemoprevention, supported by the success of dendritic cell vaccines targeting HER2-expressing BC. Vaccination against BC to prevent or interrupt the process of BC development remains elusive but is a viable option. Vaccination to intercept preinvasive or premalignant breast conditions may be possible by interrupting the expression pattern of various oncodrivers. Growth factors may also function as potential immune targets to prevent breast cancer progression. Furthermore, neoantigens also serve as effective targets for interception by virtue of strong immunogenicity. It is noteworthy that the immune response also needs to be strong enough to result in target lesion elimination to avoid immunoediting as it may occur in IBC arising from DCIS. Overall, if the issue of vaccine targets can be solved by interrupting premalignant lesions, there is a potential to prevent the development of IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amrita Basu
- Clinical Science Division, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Namrata Gautam
- Clinical Science Division, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ganesan Ramamoorthi
- Clinical Science Division, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Krithika N Kodumudi
- Clinical Science Division, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Clinical Science Division, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Loretta Loftus
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Brian J Czerniecki
- Department of Breast Surgery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
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Lack of definitive presurgical pathological diagnosis is associated with inadequate surgical margins in breast-conserving surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 47:2483-2491. [PMID: 34120811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the impact of definitive presurgical diagnosis on surgical margins in breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for primary carcinomas; clinicopathological features were also analyzed. METHODS This retrospective study included women who underwent BCS for primary carcinomas in 2016 and 2017. Definitive presurgical diagnosis was defined as having a presurgical core needle biopsy (CNB) and not being upstaged between biopsy and surgery. Biopsy data and imaging findings including breast density were retrieved. Inadequate surgical margins (IM) were defined per latest ASCO and ASTRO guidelines. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed. RESULTS 360 women (median age, 66) met inclusion criteria with 1 having 2 cancers. 82.5% (298/361) were invasive cancers while 17.5% (63/361) were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Most biopsies were US-guided (284/346, 82.0%), followed by mammographic (60/346, 17.3%), and MRI-guided (2/346, 0.6%). US and mammographic CNB yielded median samples of 2 and 4, respectively, with a 14G needle. 15 patients (4.2%) lacked presurgical CNB. The IM rate was 30.0%. In multivariable analysis, large invasive cancers (>20 mm), dense breasts, and DCIS were associated with IM (p = 0.029, p = 0.010, and p = 0.013, respectively). Most importantly, lack of definitive presurgical diagnosis was a risk factor for IM (OR, 2.35; 95% CI: 1.23-4.51, p = 0.010). In contrast, neither patient age (<50) nor aggressive features (e.g., LVI) were associated with IM. CONCLUSION Lack of a definitive presurgical diagnosis was associated with a two-fold increase of IM in BCS; other risk factors were dense breasts, large invasive cancers, and DCIS.
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Catanzariti F, Avendano D, Cicero G, Garza-Montemayor M, Sofia C, Venanzi Rullo E, Ascenti G, Pinker-Domenig K, Marino MA. High-risk lesions of the breast: concurrent diagnostic tools and management recommendations. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:63. [PMID: 34037876 PMCID: PMC8155169 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast lesions with uncertain malignant behavior, also known as high-risk or B3 lesions, are composed of a variety of pathologies with differing risks of associated malignancy. While open excision was previously preferred to manage all high-risk lesions, tailored management has been increasingly favored to reduce overtreatment and spare patients from unnecessary anxiety or high healthcare costs associated with surgical excision. The purpose of this work is to provide the reader with an accurate overview focused on the main high-risk lesions of the breast: atypical intraductal epithelial proliferation (atypical ductal hyperplasia), lobular neoplasia (including the subcategories lobular carcinoma in situ and atypical lobular hyperplasia), flat epithelial atypia, radial scar and papillary lesions, and phyllodes tumor. Beyond merely presenting the radiological aspects of these lesions and the recent literature, information about their potential upgrade rates is discussed in order to provide a useful guide for appropriate clinical management while avoiding the risks of unnecessary surgical intervention (overtreatment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Catanzariti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Daly Avendano
- Department of Breast Imaging, Breast Cancer Center TecSalud, ITESM Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Giuseppe Cicero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Carmelo Sofia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ascenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Katja Pinker-Domenig
- Department of Radiology, Breast Imaging Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Suite 705, 300 E 66th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Maria Adele Marino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Abstract
High-risk breast lesions (HRLs) are a group of heterogeneous lesions that can be associated with a synchronous or adjacent breast cancer and that confer an elevated lifetime risk of breast cancer. Management of HRLs after core needle biopsy may include close imaging and clinical follow-up or excisional biopsy to evaluate for cancer. This article reviews histologic features and clinical presentation of each of the HRLs, current evidence with regard to management, and guidelines from the American Society of Breast Surgeons and National Comprehensive Cancer Network. In addition, imaging surveillance and risk-reduction strategies for women with HRLs are discussed.
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10
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Atypical ductal hyperplasia bordering on DCIS on core biopsy is associated with higher risk of upgrade than conventional atypical ductal hyperplasia. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 184:873-880. [PMID: 32857242 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Upgrade rates of conventional ADH are reported at 10-30%; however, rates for ADH bordering on DCIS (ADH-BD) are largely unknown. We examined the upgrade rate of ADH-BD and core needle biopsy (CNB) features associated with upgrade. Surgical management in patients with concurrent ipsilateral breast cancer (BC) was also examined. METHODS From 2000 to 2018, women with CNB diagnosis of ADH-BD were prospectively identified. Women with pure ADH-BD and concurrent ipsilateral ADH-BD/BC were analyzed separately, and upgrade rates were calculated. CNB features associated with upgrade and type of surgery were examined in women with pure ADH-BD; CNB features and concurrent pathology associated with upgrade were examined in women with ipsilateral BC. RESULTS 108/236 (46%) patients with pure ADH-BD on CNB had DCIS (40%) or invasive carcinoma (6%) on surgical excision. DCIS or invasive carcinoma was more frequently found on excision of a mass that yielded ADH-BD on biopsy than excision of calcifications (65% vs 38%; p < 0.001). The breast conservation success rate was high (80%) in patients who upgraded, despite a high re-excision rate of 46%. The upgrade rate of ADH-BD in women with concurrent ipsilateral BC was 41%. Most women (94%) with ADH-BD in the same quadrant as the BC were candidates for breast conserving surgery, with a success rate of 89%. CONCLUSION The upgrade rate for pure ADH-BD is significantly higher than that reported for women with conventional ADH, especially in women with a mass on imaging. The upgrade rate of concurrent ipsilateral ADH-BD and BC is similarly high. Excision with a margin of normal tissue and specimen inking should be routine to minimize the need for re-excision.
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11
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Lucioni M, Rossi C, Lomoro P, Ballati F, Fanizza M, Ferrari A, Garcia-Etienne CA, Boveri E, Meloni G, Sommaruga MG, Ferraris E, Lasagna A, Bonzano E, Paulli M, Sgarella A, Di Giulio G. Positive predictive value for malignancy of uncertain malignant potential (B3) breast lesions diagnosed on vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB): is surgical excision still recommended? Eur Radiol 2020; 31:920-927. [PMID: 32816199 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast lesions classified as of "uncertain malignant potential" represent a heterogeneous group of abnormalities with an increased risk of associated malignancy. Clinical management of B3 lesions diagnosed on vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) is still challenging: surgical excision is no longer the only available treatment and VABB may be sufficient for therapeutic excision. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) for malignancy in B3 lesions that underwent surgical excision, identifying possible upgrading predictive factors and characterizing the malignant lesions eventually diagnosed. These results are compared with a subset of patients with B3 lesions who underwent follow-up. METHODS A total of 1250 VABBs were performed between January 2006 and December 2017 at our center. In total, 150 B3 cases were diagnosed and 68 of them underwent surgical excision. VABB findings were correlated with excision histology. A PPV for malignancy for each B3 subtype was derived. RESULTS The overall PPV rate was 28%, with the highest upgrade rate for atypical ductal hyperplasia (41%), followed by classical lobular neoplasia (29%) and flat epithelial atypia (11%). Only two cases of carcinoma were detected in the follow-up cohort, both associated with atypical ductal hyperplasia at VABB. CONCLUSION Open surgery is recommended in case of atypical ductal hyperplasia while, for other B3 lesions, excision with VABB only may be an acceptable alternative if radio-pathological correlation is assessed, if all microcalcifications have been removed by VABB, and if the lesion lacks high-risk cytological features. KEY POINTS • Surgical treatment is strongly recommended in case of ADH, while the upgrade rate in case of pure FEA, especially following complete microcalcification removal by VABB, may be sufficiently low to advice surveillance as a management strategy. • The use of 11-G- or 8-G-needle VABB, resulting in possible complete diagnostic excision of the lesion, can be an acceptable alternative in case of RS, considering open surgery only for selected high-risk patients. • LN management is more controversial: surgical excision may be recommended following classical LN diagnosis on breast biopsy if an additional B3 lesion is concurrently detected while in the presence of isolated LN with adequate radiological-pathological correlation follow-up alone could be an acceptable option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lucioni
- Anatomic Pathology Section, Department of Human Pathology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Anatomic Pathology Section, Department of Human Pathology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pascal Lomoro
- Breast Imaging Department, Valduce Hospital, Via Dante Alighieri 11, 22100, Como, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ballati
- Breast Imaging Department, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marianna Fanizza
- Breast Imaging Department, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberta Ferrari
- Breast Surgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlos A Garcia-Etienne
- Breast Surgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Boveri
- Anatomic Pathology Section, Department of Human Pathology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Meloni
- Breast Imaging Department, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Sommaruga
- Breast Imaging Department, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Ferraris
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and, Università degli Studi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Angioletta Lasagna
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and, Università degli Studi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bonzano
- University of Pavia and Department of Radiation Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- Anatomic Pathology Section, Department of Human Pathology, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adele Sgarella
- Breast Surgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Giulio
- Breast Imaging Department, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Bertani V, Urbani M, La Grassa M, Balestreri L, Berger N, Frauenfelder T, Boss A, Marcon M. Atypical ductal hyperplasia: breast DCE-MRI can be used to reduce unnecessary open surgical excision. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:4069-4081. [PMID: 32144463 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI in predicting malignancy after percutaneous biopsy diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH). METHODS AND MATERIALS In this retrospective study, 68 lesions (66 women) with percutaneous biopsy diagnosis of ADH and pre-operative breast DCE-MRI performed between January 2016 and December 2017 were included. Two radiologists reviewed in consensus mammography, ultrasound, and MR images. The final diagnosis after surgical excision was used as standard of reference. Clinical and imaging features were compared in patients with and without upgrade to malignancy after surgery. The diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI in predicting malignant upgrade was evaluated. RESULTS A 9-gauge vacuum-assisted biopsy was performed in 40 (58.8%) cases and a 14-gauge core needle biopsy in 28 (41.2%) cases. Upgrade to malignancy was observed in 17/68 (25%) lesions, including 4/17 (23.5%) cases of invasive cancer and 13/17 (76.5%) cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). In 16/17 (94.1%) malignant and 20/51 (39.2%) benign lesions, a suspicious enhancement could be recognized in DCE-MRI. The malignant lesion without suspicious enhancement was a low-grade DCIS (4 mm size). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of DCE-MRI on predicting malignancy were respectively 94.1%, 60.7%, 44.4%, and 96.8%. No other clinical or imaging features were significantly different in patients with and without upgrade to malignancy. CONCLUSION After a percutaneous biopsy diagnosis of ADH, malignancy can be ruled out in most of the cases, if no suspicious enhancement is present in the biopsy area at DCE-MRI. Breast DCE-MRI may be used to avoid surgery in more than half of the patients with final benign diagnosis. KEY POINTS • Breast DCE-MRI can safely rule out malignancy if no suspicious enhancement is present in the biopsy area after a percutaneous biopsy diagnosis of ADH. • All cases of upgrade to high-grade DCIS and invasive cancers can be identified at breast DCE-MRI after a percutaneous biopsy diagnosis of ADH. • Breast DCE-MRI may be used to avoid surgery in more than half of the patients with final benign diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bertani
- Department of Oncologic Radiation Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Martina Urbani
- Department of Oncologic Radiation Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Manuela La Grassa
- Department of Oncologic Radiation Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Luca Balestreri
- Department of Oncologic Radiation Therapy and Diagnostic Imaging, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Nicole Berger
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Frauenfelder
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boss
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Magda Marcon
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Alipour S, Omranipour R, Amant F, Eslami B. Atypical Lesions of the Breast and Lobular Carcinoma in Situ in Pregnancy - Surgeons' Practice. Eur J Breast Health 2020; 16:16-21. [PMID: 31912009 DOI: 10.5152/ejbh.2019.5158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Approach to precancerous and high-risk breast lesions occurring in pregnancy has received little attention in the literature. We carried out a study to investigate the practice of surgeons in the management of these cases. Materials and Methods A short survey was sent to surgeons, including a multiple-choice questionnaire about their practice for atypical hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ presenting in each trimester of pregnancy or at time of breastfeeding. Answer options included observation, immediate vacuum biopsy, immediate surgery, surgery in next trimester, surgery after delivery, and surgery after end of breastfeeding; based on the time of presentation. Results Out of the 671 practitioners invited, 97(14.5 %) responded to the survey. Participants were from 23 countries. Answers showed that management of gestational Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia (ADH) and Lobular Neoplasia (LN) was readily postponed by surgeons in favor of fetus safety while being cautious about risks of conservative management alone. Conclusion Various methods of treatment are selected by surgeons for managing high-risk breast lesions during pregnancy. In the absence of relevant literature, decision making in a multidisciplinary team would be the best approach in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Alipour
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramesh Omranipour
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Gynecologic Oncology Amsterdam, Netherlands Cancer Institute and Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bita Eslami
- Breast Disease Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Okamoto S, Chen ST, Covelli JD, DeMartini WB, Daniel BL, Ikeda DM. High-risk lesions diagnosed at MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy: imaging characteristics, outcome of surgical excision or imaging follow-up. Breast Cancer 2019; 27:405-414. [PMID: 31838725 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-019-01032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate imaging characteristics, outcome of surgical excision or imaging follow-up on high-risk lesions diagnosed at MRI-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (MRI-VABB). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 598 lesions undergoing 9-gauge MRI-VABB from January 2015 to April 2018 to identify high risk breast lesions. We collected patient demographics, breast MRI BI-RADS descriptors, histopathological diagnosis at MRI-VABB and surgical excision, frequency of upgrade to malignancy and imaging follow-up of high-risk lesions. The x2 test and Fisher exact tests were performed for univariate analysis. RESULTS 114 patients with 124/598 findings (20.7%) had high-risk lesions at MRI-VABB, including atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (21/124, 16.9%), lobular neoplasia (40/124, 32.3%), radial scar/complex sclerosing lesion (RS/CSL) (13/124, 10.5%), papillary lesions (49/124, 39.5%), and flat epithelial atypia (FEA) (1/124, 0.8%). 84/124 (67.7%) high-risk lesions were excised. 19/84 (22.6%) were upgraded to malignancy (7 invasive cancer, 12 DCIS). The upgrade rate for ADH and lobular neoplasia was 7/18 (38.9%) and 9/31 (29.0%), respectively. The upgrade rate for RS/CSL was 1/10 (10%). Of the 25 papillary lesions excised, 2 (8%) demonstrated pathologic atypia and were upgraded to DCIS. The other 23 papillary lesions had no upgrade or atypia. Excised high-risk lesions showing upgrade varied from 0.4 to 6 cm in length (mean 1.6 cm). There was a non-significant trend (p = 0.054) between larger lesion and upgrade to malignancy; however, there were no other specific imaging features to predict malignancy upgrade. CONCLUSIONS There were no specific MRI imaging characteristics of high-risk lesions to predict malignancy upgrade. Therefore, surgical excision is recommended for high-risk lesions, especially ADH or lobular neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Okamoto
- Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
| | - Shu-Tian Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - James D Covelli
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wendy B DeMartini
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Daniel
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Debra M Ikeda
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia and Lobular Neoplasia: Update and Easing of Guidelines. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019; 214:265-275. [PMID: 31825261 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.19.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH), and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) are among high-risk lesions that have been previously recommended for surgical excision when diagnosed on core needle biopsy. Recent studies have examined whether imaging surveillance is a reasonable alternative to surgical management for these lesions. This article synthesizes the evidence regarding management of atypical hyperplasia and LCIS diagnosed on core needle biopsy and clinical implications of these diagnoses on future breast cancer risk as well as highlights areas of further research needed to improve practice guidelines for these high-risk lesions. CONCLUSION. Although surgical excision is still recommended after diagnosis of ADH on core needle biopsy, in specific circumstances ALH and LCIS can safely be managed by imaging surveillance.
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Schiaffino S, Calabrese M, Melani EF, Trimboli RM, Cozzi A, Carbonaro LA, Di Leo G, Sardanelli F. Upgrade Rate of Percutaneously Diagnosed Pure Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 6458 Lesions. Radiology 2019; 294:76-86. [PMID: 31660803 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019190748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Management of percutaneously diagnosed pure atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) is an unresolved clinical issue. Purpose To calculate the pooled upgrade rate of percutaneously diagnosed pure ADH. Materials and Methods A search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was performed in October 2018. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, or PRISMA, guidelines were followed. A fixed- or random-effects model was used, along with subgroup and meta-regression analyses. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for study quality, and the Egger test was used for publication bias. Results Of 521 articles, 93 were analyzed, providing data for 6458 ADHs (5911 were managed with surgical excision and 547 with follow-up). Twenty-four studies used core-needle biopsy; 44, vacuum-assisted biopsy; 21, both core-needle and vacuum-assisted biopsy; and four, unspecified techniques. Biopsy was performed with stereotactic guidance in 29 studies; with US guidance in nine, with MRI guidance in nine, and with mixed guidance in eight. Overall heterogeneity was high (I2 = 80%). Subgroup analysis according to management yielded a pooled upgrade rate of 29% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26%, 32%) for surgically excised lesions and 5% (95% CI: 4%, 8%) for lesions managed with follow-up (P < .001). Heterogeneity was entirely associated with surgically excised lesions (I2 = 78%) rather than those managed with follow-up (I2 = 0%). Most variability was explained by guidance and needle caliper (P = .15). At subgroup analysis of surgically excised lesions, the pooled upgrade rate was 42% (95% CI: 31%, 53%) for US guidance, 23% (95% CI: 19%, 27%) for stereotactic biopsy, and 32% (95% CI: 22%, 43%) for MRI guidance, with heterogeneity (52%, 63%, and 56%, respectively) still showing the effect of needle caliper. When the authors considered patients with apparent complete lesion removal after biopsy (subgroups in 14 studies), the pooled upgrade rate was 14% (95% CI: 8%, 23%). Study quality was low to medium; the risk of publication bias was low (P = .10). Conclusion Because of a pooled upgrade rate higher than 2% (independent of biopsy technique, needle size, imaging guidance, and apparent complete lesion removal), atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed with percutaneous needle biopsy should be managed with surgical excision. © RSNA, 2019 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Brem in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Schiaffino
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Massimo Calabrese
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Enrico Francesco Melani
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Rubina Manuela Trimboli
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Andrea Cozzi
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Luca Alessandro Carbonaro
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Giovanni Di Leo
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
| | - Francesco Sardanelli
- From the Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy (S.S., L.A.C., G.D.L., F.S.); Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (M.C.); Unit of Radiology, Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy (E.F.M.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy (R.M.T., A.C., F.S.)
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Salagean ED, Slodkowska E, Nofech‐Mozes S, Hanna W, Parra‐Herran C, Lu F. Atypical ductal hyperplasia on core needle biopsy: Development of a predictive model stratifying carcinoma upgrade risk on excision. Breast J 2019; 25:56-61. [DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Diana Salagean
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Elzbieta Slodkowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- Division of Anatomic PathologySunnybrook Health Science Centre Toronto Canada
| | - Sharon Nofech‐Mozes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- Division of Anatomic PathologySunnybrook Health Science Centre Toronto Canada
| | - Wedad Hanna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- Division of Anatomic PathologySunnybrook Health Science Centre Toronto Canada
| | - Carlos Parra‐Herran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- Division of Anatomic PathologySunnybrook Health Science Centre Toronto Canada
| | - Fang‐I Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- Division of Anatomic PathologySunnybrook Health Science Centre Toronto Canada
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Rageth CJ, O'Flynn EAM, Pinker K, Kubik-Huch RA, Mundinger A, Decker T, Tausch C, Dammann F, Baltzer PA, Fallenberg EM, Foschini MP, Dellas S, Knauer M, Malhaire C, Sonnenschein M, Boos A, Morris E, Varga Z. Second International Consensus Conference on lesions of uncertain malignant potential in the breast (B3 lesions). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 174:279-296. [PMID: 30506111 PMCID: PMC6538569 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-05071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The second International Consensus Conference on B3 lesions was held in Zurich, Switzerland, in March 2018, organized by the International Breast Ultrasound School to re-evaluate the consensus recommendations. Methods This study (1) evaluated how management recommendations of the first Zurich Consensus Conference of 2016 on B3 lesions had influenced daily practice and (2) reviewed current literature towards recommendations to biopsy. Results In 2018, the consensus recommendations for management of B3 lesions remained almost unchanged: For flat epithelial atypia (FEA), classical lobular neoplasia (LN), papillary lesions (PL) and radial scars (RS) diagnosed on core-needle biopsy (CNB) or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB), excision by VAB in preference to open surgery, and for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and phyllodes tumors (PT) diagnosed at VAB or CNB, first-line open surgical excision (OE) with follow-up surveillance imaging for 5 years. Analyzing the Database of the Swiss Minimally Invasive Breast Biopsies (MIBB) with more than 30,000 procedures recorded, there was a significant increase in recommending more frequent surveillance of LN [65% in 2018 vs. 51% in 2016 (p = 0.004)], FEA (72% in 2018 vs. 62% in 2016 (p = 0.005)), and PL [(76% in 2018 vs. 70% in 2016 (p = 0.04)] diagnosed on VAB. A trend to more frequent surveillance was also noted also for RS [77% in 2018 vs. 67% in 2016 (p = 0.07)]. Conclusions Minimally invasive management of B3 lesions (except ADH and PT) with VAB continues to be appropriate as an alternative to first-line OE in most cases, but with more frequent surveillance, especially for LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J Rageth
- Département de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, Centre du sein, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Bd de la Cluse 30, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland. .,, Ringlikerstrasse 53, 8142, Uitikon Waldegg, Switzerland.
| | - Elizabeth A M O'Flynn
- The Rose Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Perimeter Road, London, SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Katja Pinker
- Breast Imaging Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 E 66th St, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Rahel A Kubik-Huch
- Department of Medical Services, Institute of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden, im Ergel, 5404, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Mundinger
- Zentrum Radiologie der Niels-Stensen-Kliniken; Marienhospital Osnabrück, Bischofsstraße 1, 49074, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Thomas Decker
- Institut für Pathologie am Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Salvador-Allende-Straße 30, 17036, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Tausch
- Brust-Zentrum Zürich, Seefeldstr. 214, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Dammann
- Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Diagnostic, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Freiburgstrasse 10, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal A Baltzer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Allgemeines Krankenhaus, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Maria Fallenberg
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria P Foschini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Unit of Anatomic Pathology at Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sophie Dellas
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Knauer
- Breast Center St. Gallen, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Rorschacher Str. 95, 9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Malhaire
- Imaging Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Martin Sonnenschein
- Division of Radiology, Breast Center Bern (Brustzentrum Bern), Klinik Engeried, Lindenhofgruppe AG, Riedweg 15, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Boos
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistr. 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Morris
- Breast Imaging Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 E 66th St, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland Schmelzbergstrasse 12., 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
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Gulla S, Lancaster R, De Los Santos J. High-Risk Breast Lesions and Current Management. Semin Roentgenol 2018; 53:252-260. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Speer ME, Huang ML, Dogan BE, Adrada BE, Candelaria RP, Hess KR, Hansakul P, Yang WT, Rauch GM. High risk breast lesions identified on MRI-guided vacuum-assisted needle biopsy: outcome of surgical excision and imaging follow-up. Br J Radiol 2018; 91:20180300. [PMID: 29947265 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether breast MRI-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (MRI-VAB) high-risk lesion histology influences surgical or long-term imaging follow-up outcomes. METHODS: Patients with imaging-concordant high-risk findings on 9-gauge breast MRI-VAB between January 2007 and July 2012 who had surgical histopathology or 2 year imaging follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: 90 patients with 99 lesions were included. Lesions were atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (n = 21), lobular neoplasia [n = 36; atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) (n = 22), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) (n = 6), and ALH plus LCIS (n = 8)], and other high-risk lesion (n = 42; papillary lesions, radial scar, flat epithelial atypia, atypia unspecified). Of 53 excised lesions, 6 (11%) were upgraded to invasive cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). 4 of 21 (19%) ADH lesions were upgraded to DCIS. 2 of 36 (6%) lobular neoplasia lesions, both combined ALH and LCIS, were upgraded to DCIS, and invasive lobular carcinoma, respectively. The remaining 46 lesions were managed conservatively with imaging follow-up: 17 (37%) had mammography only, while 29 (63%) had mammography and MRI follow-up. There was no evidence of breast cancer development at the site of MRI-VAB in the cases with only imaging follow-up. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the upgrade rate for high-risk lesions at MRI-VAB at surgical excision is low. Surgical excision is warranted for ADH and combined ALH-LCIS lesions. For other lesions, a multidisciplinary approach to decide on personalized management may be appropriate. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Surgical excision is warranted for ADH lesions and combined ALH-LCIS lesions identified at breast MRI-VAB. A multidisciplinary approach to patient management of other high-risk lesions may be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Speer
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Monica L Huang
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Basak E Dogan
- 2 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA
| | - Beatriz E Adrada
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Rosalind P Candelaria
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Kenneth R Hess
- 3 Department of Biostatistics, Division of Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Palita Hansakul
- 4 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Division of Breast Imaging, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Wei T Yang
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
| | - Gaiane M Rauch
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
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Gristina L, Rescinito G, Garlaschi A, Tosto S, Cevasco L, Calabrese M. Freehand 3T MR-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VAB): a five-year experience. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:540-545. [PMID: 28862025 DOI: 10.1177/0284185117730102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Magnetic resonance (MR) permits the detection of some malignant lesions that cannot be identified with mammography or ultrasonography. The characterization of these MR-only detectable lesions often requires a biopsy. Purpose To evaluate the technique, the feasibility and the accuracy of freehand 3T MR-guided VAB for the characterization of suspicious, MR-only detectable lesions and to compare VAB results with surgical pathology and follow-up imaging results. Material and Methods During 2010-2015, 118 women who were referred for MR-guided VAB were retrospectively reviewed. All BI-RADS MR 4 and 5 lesions and some BI-RADS MR 3 lesions (according to clinical context and patient anxiety) were scheduled to undergo biopsy. Results A total of 123 suspicious lesions were retrospectively selected. Technical failures occurred in only two cases (1.6%) due to the location of the lesions. Histopathological results revealed 59 benign lesions (48%), 27 high-risk lesions (22%), and 35 malignant lesions (28.4%). Surgical pathology results led to the reclassification of eight B3 lesions: one proved to be a ductal carcinoma in situ, while seven presented with invasive features. B3 underestimation also occurred in 29% of the cases. MR follow-up was achieved for all the benign lesions and no false-negative cases were observed. No complications, 3T-related artefacts, or difficulties were observed. Conclusion Freehand 3T MR-guided VAB was found to be a valid, safe, fast, and inexpensive alternative to surgical histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licia Gristina
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rescinito
- Department of Diagnostic Senology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Garlaschi
- Department of Diagnostic Senology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Tosto
- Department of Diagnostic Senology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Cevasco
- Department of Diagnostic Senology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Calabrese
- Department of Diagnostic Senology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino IST-Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Abstract
Benign and atypical lesions associated with breast cancer risk are often encountered in core needle biopsies (CNBs) of the breast. For these lesions, the rate of "upgrade" to carcinoma in excision specimens varies widely in the literature. Many CNB studies are limited by a lack of radiological-pathological correlation, consistent criteria for excision, and clinical follow-up for patients who forego excision. This article highlights contemporary diagnostic criteria and outcome data that would support an evidence-based approach to the management of these nonmalignant lesions of the breast diagnosed on CNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Calhoun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Women's and Children's Hospitals, 3rd Floor, Room 30212, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
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Farshid G, Edwards S, Kollias J, Gill PG. Active surveillance of women diagnosed with atypical ductal hyperplasia on core needle biopsy may spare many women potentially unnecessary surgery, but at the risk of undertreatment for a minority: 10-year surgical outcomes of 114 consecutive cases from a single center. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:395-405. [PMID: 29099502 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A needle core biopsy diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia is an indication for open biopsy. The launch of randomized clinical trials of active surveillance for low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ leads to the paradoxical situation of women with low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ being observed, whereas those with atypical ductal hyperplasia have surgery. If the malignancies diagnosed after surgery for atypical ductal hyperplasia are dominated by low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ, women with atypical ductal hyperplasia may also be considered for surveillance. This 10-year prospective observational study includes women diagnosed with atypical ductal hyperplasia on core biopsy after screening mammography. We retrieved their clinical, imaging and histologic data and carried out a blind review of core biopsy histology, sub-classifying the atypical ductal hyperplasia along a spectrum from hyperplasia to ductal carcinoma in situ. Using the final surgical pathology data, we calculated: (1) The proportion and grades of ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive cancers diagnosed at open biopsy. (2) The histologic extent of the malignancy at surgery. (3) The biomarker profile and nodal status of any invasive cancers. (4) Ascertained any independent predictors of (i) any malignancy, (ii) high-risk malignancy, defined in this study as invasive cancer, or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, or intermediate grade ductal carcinoma in situ with any necrosis. (5) Extrapolated the above to simulate active surveillance for women with screen-detected atypical ductal hyperplasia. Between January 2005 and December 2014, 114 women, mean age 59 years (range 40-79 years) were included. Surgical pathology, available in 110 (97%), confirmed malignancy in 46 (40%). All 46 malignant cases had ductal carcinoma in situ, accompanied by invasive carcinoma in 9 (8%) women. Together, 21 (19%) women had either invasive cancer (9%), high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (6%), or necrotizing, intermediate grade ductal carcinoma in situ (6%). Only one of nine invasive breast cancers was grade 1, 3 were multifocal, all were ≤8 mm, node negative, and ER positive but two were HER2 amplified. The mean extent of the ductal carcinoma in situ in any one specimen was 19.8 mm, median 13 mm, range 2-110 mm. Overall 32 women, 29% of the whole cohort and 70% of those 46 with malignancy, required further surgery, including mastectomy in 12 (11%). A multivariable model for predicting the likelihood of any malignancy showed a statistically significant association only with the post review subtype of atypical ductal hyperplasia, adjusting for lesion size. Independent predictors of high-risk malignancy (invasive cancer or non-low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ) were not identified. If active surveillance is adopted for screen-detected atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed on core biopsy, 60% of women will avoid unnecessary surgery and a further 24% would meet eligibility criteria for ductal carcinoma in situ surveillance trials. However, 18% of women will have undiagnosed invasive breast cancer or non-low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ. These women with high-risk lesions are not reliably identified pre-operatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelareh Farshid
- Surgical Pathology, BreastScreen SA, Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide University and South Australian Pathology, Frome Road Adelaide University and Directorate of Surgical Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Suzanne Edwards
- Adelaide Health Technology Assessment, School of Public Health, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James Kollias
- BreastScreen SA and The Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter Grantley Gill
- BreastScreen SA and The Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Lipman M, Chambers A, Umphrey HR. Current Management of High-Risk Breast Lesions. CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-018-0268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Łukasiewicz E, Ziemiecka A, Jakubowski W, Vojinovic J, Bogucevska M, Dobruch-Sobczak K. Fine-needle versus core-needle biopsy - which one to choose in preoperative assessment of focal lesions in the breasts? Literature review. J Ultrason 2017; 17:267-274. [PMID: 29375902 PMCID: PMC5769667 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2017.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to review two techniques that can be used to verify focal lesions in the breasts: fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy. Material and methods Fifty-five articles (original papers and reviews), half of them published within the past 5 years, were included in the analysis. The authors also took their own experience into account. Results Pre-operative assessment of focal lesions in the breasts is crucial in the planning of further therapeutic management. The role of fine-needle aspiration biopsy has been reduced lately due to its low sensitivity and specificity as well as a high rate of non-diagnostic, suspicious and false negative results. This method does not enable one to differentiate between in situ and invasive disease. Currently, fine-needle biopsy is recommended for cystic lesions, suspected of being recurrences in the chest wall, and lymph node metastases. Core-needle biopsy is the basic diagnostic method of breast lesions. According to the recommendations of the Polish Ultrasound Society and American College of Radiology, BIRADS 4 and 5 lesions should be evaluated histopathologically. Core-needle biopsy makes it possible to establish a final diagnosis more frequently than fine-needle biopsy, both in the case of benign and malignant lesions. It delivers more information about the nature of a tumor (mutation of HER-2, estrogen and progesterone receptors and Ki-67 index). Its limitations include: underestimation of invasion and failure to recognize the components of ductal carcinoma in situ in papillary and atypical lesions. Single fine-needle aspiration biopsy is inexpensive, but when considering the cost of further diagnosis due to non-diagnostic, suspicious and atypical results, this method generates high additional costs. Conclusions Microscopic verification of focal breast lesions is crucial for further therapeutic decisions. It has been proven that histopathological verification is more accurate and has more advantages than cytological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Łukasiewicz
- Department of Medical Imaging, Mazovia Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ziemiecka
- Department of Ultrasonography and Mammography, Mazovia Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesław Jakubowski
- Department of Ultrasonography and Mammography, Mazovia Brodnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jelena Vojinovic
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Serbia
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High-Risk Lesions at Minimally Invasive Breast Biopsy: Now What? CURRENT RADIOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40134-017-0238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Evaluation of percutaneous vacuum assisted intact specimen breast biopsy device for ultrasound visualized breast lesions: Upstage rates and long term follow-up for high risk lesions and DCIS. Breast 2017; 33:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Chang Sen LQ, Berg WA, Carter GJ. Upgrade Rate and Imaging Features of Atypical Apocrine Lesions. Breast J 2017; 23:569-578. [DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Q. Chang Sen
- Department of Radiology; Magee-Womens Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Wendie A. Berg
- Department of Radiology; Magee-Womens Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Gloria J. Carter
- Department of Pathology; Magee-Womens Hospital of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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El Khoury M, Sanchez LM, Lalonde L, Trop I, David J, Mesurolle B. Is the outcome at surgery different when flat epithelial atypia and lobular neoplasia are found in association at biopsy? Br J Radiol 2017; 90:20160750. [PMID: 28118035 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact on the final outcome at surgery of flat epithelial atypia (FEA) when found concomitantly with lobular neoplasia (LN) in biopsy specimens compared with pure biopsy-proven FEA. METHODS The approval from the institutional review board of the CHUM (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal) was obtained. A retrospective review of our database between 2009 and 2013 identified 81 females (mean age 54 years, range 38-90 years) with 81 FEA biopsy-proven lesions. These were pure or associated with LN only in 59/81 (73%) and 22/81 (27%) cases, respectively. Overall, 57/81 (70%) patients underwent surgery and 24/81 (30%) patients underwent mammographic surveillance with a mean follow-up of 36 months. RESULTS FEA presented more often as microcalcifications in 68/81 (84%) patients and were mostly amorphous in 49/68 (72%). After excluding radio pathologically discordant cases, pure FEA proved to be malignant at surgery in 1/41 (2%; 95% confidence interval 0.06-12.9). There was no statistically significant difference in the upgrade to malignancy whether FEA lesions were pure or associated to LN at biopsy (p = 0.4245); however, when paired in biopsy specimens, these lesions were more frequently associated with atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) at surgery than with pure FEA (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Our results show a 2% upgrade rate to malignancy of pure FEA lesions. When FEA is found in association with LN at biopsy, surgical excision yields more frequently ADH than pure FEA thus warranting close surveillance or even surgical excision. Advances in knowledge: The association of LN with FEA at biopsy was more frequently associated with ADH at surgery than with pure FEA. If a biopsy-proven FEA lesion is deemed concordant with the imaging finding, when paired with LN at biopsy, careful surveillance or even surgical excision is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El Khoury
- 1 Department of Radiology, Breast Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lilia Maria Sanchez
- 2 Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Lalonde
- 1 Department of Radiology, Breast Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Trop
- 1 Department of Radiology, Breast Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie David
- 1 Department of Radiology, Breast Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Benoît Mesurolle
- 3 Department of Radiology, Cedar Breast Centre, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Sonographic Appearance of Lesions Diagnosed as Lobular Neoplasia at Sonographically Guided Biopsies. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017; 208:669-675. [PMID: 28075608 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.15.15056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to review the sonographic features of breast lesions yielding lobular neoplasia (LN) at sonographically guided biopsy, evaluate the surgical pathology outcome of these lesions, and determine if imaging findings or clinical features can be used to predict an upgrade to malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of the 8205 sonographically guided breast biopsies (14-gauge cores) performed from 2007 through 2014, 22 yielded a diagnosis of LN, which means that LN was the most severe pathologic lesion. Imaging features were analyzed in consensus by two radiologists. Correlation of biopsy findings with definitive pathologic results was performed when available. RESULTS Twenty-two LN lesions (20 patients [mean age ± SD, 52.05 ± 13.66 years]) were diagnosed at biopsy. Of the LN lesions that were seen on mammography (6/22, 27.3%), most lesions appeared as masses (3/6, 50%). On sonography, LN lesions (mean size, 8.10 mm) appeared as masses (15/22, 68.2%) with oval shape (10/15, 66.7%), well-circumscribed or microlobulated margins (11/15, 73.3%), hypoechoic echotexture (10/15, 66.7%), posterior enhancement (73.3%, 11/15), and parallel orientation (8/15, 53.3%). Most of the masses were categorized as BI-RADS category 4 (21/22, 95.5%). Seven lesions (7/22, 31.8%) appeared as areas of shadowing or distortion without discrete masses. Twenty (20/22, 90.9%) lesions were excised surgically, and pathology results led to an upgrade in five lesions (5/20, 25% [one nonmass lesion and four masses]). Neither mammographic nor sonographic features were associated with malignant outcome (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION LN diagnosed at sonographically guided 14-gauge core needle biopsy does not show any specific features according to the BI-RADS lexicon and is associated with a 25% underestimation rate. No clinical or imaging characteristic is predictive of malignancy.
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31
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Verheyden C, Pages-Bouic E, Balleyguier C, Cherel P, Lepori D, Laffargue G, Doutriaux I, Jalaguier A, Poncelet E, Millet I, Thomassin-Naggara I, Taourel P. Underestimation Rate at MR Imaging–guided Vacuum-assisted Breast Biopsy: A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study of 1509 Breast Biopsies. Radiology 2016; 281:708-719. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016151947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Upgrade rates of high-risk breast lesions diagnosed on core needle biopsy: a single-institution experience and literature review. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:1471-1484. [PMID: 27538687 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Optimal management of high-risk breast lesions detected by mammogram yielding atypical ductal hyperplasia, flat epithelial atypia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, and radial scar without atypia on core needle biopsy is controversial. This is a single-institution retrospective review of 5750 core needle biopsy cases seen over 14.5 years, including 249 (4.3%), 72 (1.3%), 50 (0.9%), 37 (0.6%), and 54 (0.9%) cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia, flat epithelial atypia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, and radial scar without atypia, respectively. Patient age, radiologic characteristics, needle gauge, and excision diagnoses were recorded. Of 462 high-risk cases analyzed, 333 (72%) underwent excision. Upgrade rate to ductal carcinoma in situ, pleomorphic carcinoma in situ, or invasive mammary carcinoma was 18% for atypical ductal hyperplasia, 11% for flat epithelial atypia, 9% for atypical lobular hyperplasia, 28% for lobular carcinoma in situ, and 16% for radial scar. Carcinoma diagnosed on excision was more likely to be in situ than invasive, and if invasive, more likely to be low grade than high grade. Overall, cases that were benign (vs high risk or carcinoma) on excision were less likely to have residual calcifications after biopsy (17% vs 27%, P=0.013), and more likely to have a smaller mass size (<1 cm) (82% vs 50%, P=0.001). On subgroup analysis, atypical ductal hyperplasia cases that were benign (vs high risk or carcinoma) on excision were more likely to have smaller mass size (<1 cm) (P=0.025). Lobular neoplasia diagnosed incidentally (vs targeted) on core needle biopsy was less likely to upgrade on excision (5% vs 39%, P=0.002). A comprehensive literature review was performed, identifying 116 studies reporting high-risk lesion upgrade rates, and our upgrade rates were similar to those of more recent larger studies. Careful radiological-pathological correlation is needed to identify high-risk lesion subgroups that may not need excision.
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Huang ML, Hess K, Candelaria RP, Eghtedari M, Adrada BE, Sneige N, Fornage BD. Comparison of the accuracy of US-guided biopsy of breast masses performed with 14-gauge, 16-gauge and 18-gauge automated cutting needle biopsy devices, and review of the literature. Eur Radiol 2016; 27:2928-2933. [PMID: 27844099 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4651-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound (US)-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) of breast masses performed with 14-gauge, 16-gauge and 18-gauge needles. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 1,112 patients who underwent US-guided breast CNB with 14-gauge, 16-gauge and 18-gauge needles. Cases with surgical excision or a minimum of 2 years of imaging follow-up were included. Rates of sample inadequacy, discordance with surgical or imaging findings and upgrade of DCIS to invasive cancer or high-risk lesion to in situ or invasive cancer were computed for each needle size. RESULTS The study included 703 CNBs: 203 performed with 14-gauge, 235 with 16-gauge and 265 with 18-gauge needles. There were no significant differences between 14-gauge, 16-gauge and 18-gauge needles in rates of specimen inadequacy (0 %, 0.4 % and 1.9 %, respectively) (p = 0.084); surgical discordance (2.6 %, 2.9 % and 3.8 %) (p = 0.76); imaging discordance (0 %, 0 % and 2 %) (p = 1.0); DCIS upgrade (43 %, 43 % and 36 %) (p = 1.00) or high-risk lesion upgrade (38 %, 25 % and 55 %) (p = 0.49). CONCLUSION There was no statistically significant difference in diagnostic accuracy of US-guided CNB of breast masses performed with 14-gauge, 16-gauge and 18-gauge needles. KEY POINTS • Percutaneous image-guided breast core needle biopsy (CNB) is the standard of care. • Breast CNB with 14-gauge, 16-gauge and 18-gauge needles has similar diagnostic accuracy. • Smaller gauge needles can be confidently used for ultrasound-guided breast CNB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Huang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1350, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Kenneth Hess
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1350, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rosalind P Candelaria
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1350, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mohammad Eghtedari
- UC San Diego Health Sciences, 3855 Health Sciences Dr., #0846, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0846, USA
| | - Beatriz E Adrada
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1350, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Nour Sneige
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 0085, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bruno D Fornage
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 1350, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Ahn HS, Jang M, Kim SM, Yun BL, Kim SW, Kang EY, Park SY. Diagnosis of Columnar Cell Lesions and Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia by Ultrasound-Guided Core Biopsy: Findings Associated with Underestimation of Breast Carcinoma. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:1457-1463. [PMID: 27067419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study described here was to determine underestimation rates and identify radiologic predictors of underestimation for columnar cell lesions (CCLs) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) detected by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy. A total of 103 CCLs and ADH lesions in 100 patients diagnosed by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy were evaluated. Breast sonographic and mammographic findings were reviewed, and underestimation rates were determined by surgical excision, percutaneous vacuum-assisted excision or 2-y imaging follow-up. All underestimated lesions were ductal carcinoma in situ, and the underestimation rates of flat epithelial atypia (FEA), FEA + ADH and ADH were 5.9% (1/17), 44.4% (4/9) and 27.3% (12/44), respectively. There was no underestimation of CCLs without atypia. The presence of calcifications on ultrasound was significantly associated with underestimation (p = 0.010). Therefore, except for CCLs without atypia, all other lesions may require excision, especially when calcification is present on ultrasound or when FEA + ADH is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Shin Ahn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijung Jang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Sun Mi Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Bo La Yun
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sung-Won Kim
- Department of Surgery, Breast Care Center, Daerim St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Stearns V, Fackler MJ, Hafeez S, Bujanda ZL, Chatterton RT, Jacobs LK, Khouri NF, Ivancic D, Kenney K, Shehata C, Jeter SC, Wolfman JA, Zalles CM, Huang P, Khan SA, Sukumar S. Gene Methylation and Cytological Atypia in Random Fine-Needle Aspirates for Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:673-682. [PMID: 27261491 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methods to determine individualized breast cancer risk lack sufficient sensitivity to select women most likely to benefit from preventive strategies. Alterations in DNA methylation occur early in breast cancer. We hypothesized that cancer-specific methylation markers could enhance breast cancer risk assessment. We evaluated 380 women without a history of breast cancer. We determined their menopausal status or menstrual cycle phase, risk of developing breast cancer (Gail model), and breast density and obtained random fine-needle aspiration (rFNA) samples for assessment of cytopathology and cumulative methylation index (CMI). Eight methylated gene markers were identified through whole-genome methylation analysis and included novel and previously established breast cancer detection genes. We performed correlative and multivariate linear regression analyses to evaluate DNA methylation of a gene panel as a function of clinical factors associated with breast cancer risk. CMI and individual gene methylation were independent of age, menopausal status or menstrual phase, lifetime Gail risk score, and breast density. CMI and individual gene methylation for the eight genes increased significantly (P < 0.001) with increasing cytological atypia. The findings were verified with multivariate analyses correcting for age, log (Gail), log (percent density), rFNA cell number, and body mass index. Our results demonstrate a significant association between cytological atypia and high CMI, which does not vary with menstrual phase or menopause and is independent of Gail risk and mammographic density. Thus, CMI is an excellent candidate breast cancer risk biomarker, warranting larger prospective studies to establish its utility for cancer risk assessment. Cancer Prev Res; 9(8); 673-82. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vered Stearns
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mary Jo Fackler
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sidra Hafeez
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Zoila Lopez Bujanda
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert T Chatterton
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Lisa K Jacobs
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nagi F Khouri
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - David Ivancic
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Kara Kenney
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Christina Shehata
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stacie C Jeter
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Judith A Wolfman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Peng Huang
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Seema A Khan
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Clauser P, Marino MA, Baltzer PAT, Bazzocchi M, Zuiani C. Management of atypical lobular hyperplasia, atypical ductal hyperplasia, and lobular carcinoma in situ. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:335-46. [PMID: 26780850 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1143362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Atypical hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ are rare proliferative breast lesions, growing inside ducts and terminal ducto-lobular units. They represent a marker of increased risk for breast cancer and a non-obligate precursor of malignancy. Evidence available on diagnosis and management is scarce. They are frequently found incidentally associated with other lesions, but can be visible through mammography, ultrasound or magnetic resonance. Due to the risk of underestimation, surgical excision is often performed. The analysis of imaging and histopathological characteristics could help identifying low-risk cases, for which surgery is not necessary. Chemopreventive agents can be used for risk reduction. Careful imaging follow up is mandatory; the role of breast MRI as screening modality is under discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Clauser
- a Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Maria A Marino
- a Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Pascal A T Baltzer
- a Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Massimo Bazzocchi
- b Institute of Diagnostic Radiology , Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine , Udine , Italy
| | - Chiara Zuiani
- b Institute of Diagnostic Radiology , Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine , Udine , Italy
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Renshaw AA, Gould EW. Long term clinical follow-up of atypical ductal hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ in breast core needle biopsies. Pathology 2015; 48:25-9. [PMID: 27020205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) may be associated with a relatively high incidence of invasive carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on immediate excision when found on core needle biopsy of the breast. However, the long term significance of ADH and LCIS in a breast core needle biopsy is not as well characterised. We reviewed the results of all breast core needle biopsies with a diagnosis of ADH or LCIS and immediate excision from the years 2000-2004, and correlated the results with long term clinical follow-up. Of 175 biopsies with ADH, 53 (30.3%) had carcinoma (8 invasive, and 45 DCIS) at the time of immediate re-excision. Of 69 biopsies with LCIS, three (4.3%) had carcinoma (2 invasive, and 1 DCIS) at the time of immediate re-excision. A total of 14 (11.5%) patients with ADH and benign re-excisions developed invasive carcinoma (12) or DCIS (2) on follow-up. A total of 17 (25.8%) patients with LCIS and benign re-excisions developed invasive carcinoma (13) or DCIS (4) on follow-up. The risk of invasive carcinoma or DCIS on immediate re-excision was significantly higher for women with ADH than LCIS (p<0.001). Women with LCIS developed significantly more invasive carcinomas and DCIS than women with ADH on long term follow-up (p=0.01). Compared to women with fibrocystic changes (FCC) on core needle biopsy, the risk of developing invasive carcinoma or DCIS was significantly higher for women with ADH and benign initial re-excisions (95% CI 1.092-7.297, p=0.03), and women with LCIS and benign re-excisions (95% CI 3.028-18.657, p<0.001). Overall, 67/175 (38.3%) women with ADH and 20/69 (29.0%) women with LCIS on core needle biopsy either had carcinoma at the time of the biopsy or later developed carcinoma. Significantly more women with LCIS developed invasive carcinoma or DCIS than women with ADH on long term follow-up. The relative risk for ADH and LCIS on core biopsy with a negative excision compared with FCC was similar to that reported in the literature (ADH 1-7×, LCIS 3-19×).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Renshaw
- Department of Pathology, Baptist Hospital of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
| | - Edwin W Gould
- Department of Pathology, Baptist Hospital of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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Calhoun BC, Collins LC. Recommendations for excision following core needle biopsy of the breast: a contemporary evaluation of the literature. Histopathology 2015; 68:138-51. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura C Collins
- Department of Pathology; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston MA USA
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39
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Current Multidisciplinary Management of High-Risk Breast Lesions. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-015-0179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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