1
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Prochaska M, Ferraro PM, Taylor E, Curhan G. Chronic Fructose and Sucrose Intake and 24-Hour Urine Composition. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:1167-1177. [PMID: 39012708 PMCID: PMC11371344 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Key Points Higher dietary intakes of fructose and sucrose are associated with lower 24-hour urine calcium. Higher dietary intakes of fructose and sucrose are associated with other modest changes in 24-hour urine composition. Background Consumption of sugar, including fructose and sucrose, is associated with higher risk of kidney stones. The association is believed to be because of an acute rise in urine calcium after sugar intake. However, the association between chronic sugar intake and urine composition is not known. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of dietary intake from a food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour urine collections from 6457 kidney stone- and non–stone-former participants from the Nurses' Health Study I (1,297), Nurses' Health Study II (4,053), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1,107). We used multivariate adjusted linear regression to examine the association between long-term intake of free fructose, total fructose, and sucrose and 24-hour urine composition. Results Higher free and total fructose and sucrose intakes were each associated with lower 24-hour urine calcium. Comparing the highest versus lowest quintiles, mean urine calcium was 23 (31–15) mg/d lower for free fructose (P -trend <0.001), 26 (34–18) mg/d for total fructose (P -trend <0.001), and 8 (17–1) mg/d for sucrose (P -trend 0.03). Higher total fructose intake was associated with slightly higher calcium phosphate supersaturation (P -trend 0.002), and higher sucrose intake was associated with higher calcium oxalate (P -trend 0.03) and calcium phosphate (P -trend <0.001) supersaturations. Differences in 24-hour urine calcium were similar between kidney stone- and non–stone-former participants. Conclusions In contrast to the acute rise in urine calcium previously seen in short-term studies, higher long-term intake of free and total fructose and sucrose was associated with lower 24-hour urine calcium excretion in those with and without a history of kidney stones. Other modest differences in urine composition were noted for each sugar. Future studies should test potential mechanisms for the observed lower 24-hour urine calcium with chronic sugar intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Prochaska
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Pietro Manuel Ferraro
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Eric Taylor
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gary Curhan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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2
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Yang L, Wang L, Liu Y, Bao E, Wang J, Xia L, Wang B, Zhu P. Causal associations between 45 dietary intake habits and urolithiasis: insights from genetic studies. Transl Androl Urol 2024; 13:1074-1084. [PMID: 39100823 PMCID: PMC11291413 DOI: 10.21037/tau-24-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Different dietary habits can have varying effects on human health and metabolism, and these can be intervened and regulated. Kidney stones, as a disease caused by multiple factors, are largely attributed to diet and metabolism, but the potential causal relationship with dietary intake habits remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to link the predicted dietary intake based on 45 genetic factors with urolithiasis and explore the potential causal relationship. Methods We extracted complete genome-wide association studies (GWASs) data on 45 dietary intake traits from the UK Biobank study. Data on kidney stones were obtained from the FinnGen database. In both univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses, we used inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method to calculate P values, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We examined result heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test. We also carefully investigated potential sources of horizontal pleiotropy using the Mendelian randomization (MR)-PRESSO and MR-Egger methods, and conducted linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis on the corrected P values. Results Through univariable analysis, we identified 11 dietary habits that potentially causally associate with kidney stones among the 45 examined traits, including 9 protective factors and 2 risk factors. Based on the corrected results with false discovery rate (FDR) and sensitivity analysis, we found one relatively robust evidence. We controlled for common stone risk factors, such as body mass index and smoking, as confounders in multivariable analysis, and no significant results were observed after controlling for these confounders. Based on the LDSC analysis, most of the evidence supports significant genetic correlations with urolithiasis among the 11 traits with potential causal associations. Conclusions This study confirms the impact of certain dietary factors on the development of kidney stones. Our findings contribute to providing evidence for dietary adjustments in daily life or dietary guidance specifically targeting kidney stone patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Erhao Bao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Long Xia
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ben Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Pingyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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3
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Skolarikos A, Somani B, Neisius A, Jung H, Petřík A, Tailly T, Davis N, Tzelves L, Geraghty R, Lombardo R, Bezuidenhout C, Gambaro G. Metabolic Evaluation and Recurrence Prevention for Urinary Stone Patients: An EAU Guidelines Update. Eur Urol 2024:S0302-2838(24)02411-4. [PMID: 39069389 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2024.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to define patients who are at high risk of recurrence of urolithiasis, to delineate diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for each type of stone, and to clarify general guidelines and recommendations for prevention of recurrence. METHODS A professional research librarian carried out literature searches for all sections of the urolithiasis guidelines, covering the timeframe between 1976 and June 2023. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS For every patient with urolithiasis, an attempt should be made to analyse the stone. Patients should be given general instructions on how to prevent recurrence, including adequate fluid and calcium intake, and low consumption of sodium and protein. Identifying and correcting the causative factors is a cornerstone in preventing the recurrence of urolithiasis. Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms by stone composition are available. Every patient should undergo baseline metabolic screening, while patients with calcium stones, who are at high risk of relapse and complications, should undergo extensive metabolic screening with two 24-h urine collections and should receive targeted therapy. Patients with uric acid, infection, or cystine stones are at high risk of relapse. All patients at high risk of recurrence should be closely monitored, especially those not complying with therapy in the long term. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Metabolic stone evaluation and patient follow-up are highly recommended to prevent urolithiasis recurrence. PATIENT SUMMARY We reviewed the evidence for proper evaluation of patients with urinary and stones and the treatment options for preventing stone recurrence. It is essential to determine the type of stone and to carry out specific blood and urine tests for planning the best treatment course for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Skolarikos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2nd Department of Urology, Sismanogleio Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Bhaskar Somani
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Andreas Neisius
- Department of Urology, Hospital of the Brothers of Mercy Trier, Medical Campus University Mainz, Trier, Germany
| | - Helene Jung
- Urinvejskirurgisk Afdeling, Sygehus Lillebælt, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Alec Petřík
- Department of Urology, Region Hospital, Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Thomas Tailly
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Gante, Gante, Belgium
| | - Niall Davis
- Department of Urology, Connolly Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lazaros Tzelves
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2nd Department of Urology, Sismanogleio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Rob Geraghty
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Carla Bezuidenhout
- European Association of Urology Guidelines Office, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Balawender K, Łuszczki E, Mazur A, Wyszyńska J. The Multidisciplinary Approach in the Management of Patients with Kidney Stone Disease-A State-of-the-Art Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1932. [PMID: 38931286 PMCID: PMC11206918 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone disease has a multifactorial etiology, and evolving dietary habits necessitate continuous updates on the impact of dietary components on lithogenesis. The relationship between diseases influenced by lifestyle, such as obesity and diabetes, and kidney stone risk underscores the need for comprehensive lifestyle analysis. Effective management of kidney stones requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving collaboration among nutritionists, urologists, nephrologists, and other healthcare professionals to address the complex interactions between diet, lifestyle, and individual susceptibility. Personalized dietary therapy, based on each patient's unique biochemical and dietary profile, is essential and necessitates comprehensive nutritional assessments. Accurate dietary intake evaluation is best achieved through seven-day, real-time dietary records. Key factors influencing urinary risk include fluid intake, dietary protein, carbohydrates, oxalate, calcium, and sodium chloride. Personalized interventions, such as customized dietary changes based on gut microbiota, may improve stone prevention and recurrence. Current research suggests individualized guidance on alcohol intake and indicates that tea and coffee consumption might protect against urolithiasis. There is potential evidence linking tobacco use and secondhand smoke to increased kidney stone risk. The effects of vitamins and physical activity on kidney stone risk remain unresolved due to mixed evidence. For diseases influenced by lifestyle, conclusive evidence on targeted interventions for nephrolithiasis prevention is lacking, though preliminary research suggests potential benefits. Management strategies emphasize lifestyle modifications to reduce recurrence risks, support rapid recovery, and identify predisposing conditions, highlighting the importance of these changes despite inconclusive data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Balawender
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Clinical Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Municipal Hospital, Rycerska 4, 35-241 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (E.Ł.); (J.W.)
| | - Artur Mazur
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Justyna Wyszyńska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (E.Ł.); (J.W.)
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5
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Ferraro PM, Li Y, Balasubramanian R, Curhan GC, Taylor EN. The Plasma Metabolome and Risk of Incident Kidney Stones. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024:00001751-990000000-00351. [PMID: 38865256 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Information on metabolomic profiles in kidney stone formers is limited.This article describes investigations of associations between plasma metabolomic profiles and the risk of incident, symptomatic kidney stones.Three novel metabolites had negative associations with kidney stones: β-cryptoxanthin and two forms of sphingomyelin.
Background
Information on metabolomic profiles in kidney stone formers is limited. To examine independent associations between plasma metabolomic profiles and the risk of incident, symptomatic kidney stones in adults, we conducted prospective nested case-control studies in two large cohorts.
Methods
We performed plasma metabolomics on 1758 participants, including 879 stone formers (346 from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study [HPFS] cohort, 533 from the Nurses' Health Study [NHS] II cohort) and 879 non–stone formers (346 from HPFS, 533 from NHS II) matched for age, race, time of blood collection, fasting status, and (for NHS II) menopausal status and luteal day of menstrual cycle for premenopausal participants. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of kidney stones adjusted for body mass index; hypertension; diabetes; thiazide use; and intake of potassium, animal protein, oxalate, dietary and supplemental calcium, caffeine, and alcohol. A plasma metabolite–based score was developed in each cohort in a conditional logistic regression model with a lasso penalty. The scores derived in the HPFS (“kidney stones metabolite score [KMS]_HPFS”) and the NHS II (“KMS_NHS”) were tested for their association with kidney stone risk in the other cohort.
Results
A variety of individual metabolites were associated with incident kidney stone formation at prespecified levels of metabolome-wide statistical significance. We identified three metabolites associated with kidney stones in both HPFS and NHS II cohorts: β-cryptoxanthin, sphingomyelin (d18:2/24:1, d18:1/24:2), and sphingomyelin (d18:2/24:2). The standardized KMS_HPFS yielded an OR of 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.44) for stones in the NHS II cohort. The standardized KMS_NHS was in the expected direction but did not reach statistical significance in HPFS (OR, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.97 to 1.39).
Conclusions
The findings of specific metabolites associated with kidney stone status in two cohorts and a plasma metabolomic signature offer a novel approach to characterize stone formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Manuel Ferraro
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Yukun Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Gary C Curhan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric N Taylor
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine
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6
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Wu J, Yu H, Zhu Z, Chen J, Chen Z, Chen H. Association between tea consumption and risk of kidney stones: results from dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies and Mendelian randomization analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:1835-1841. [PMID: 38212471 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03918-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between tea consumption and kidney stones is inconsistent in observational studies. Thus, we performed a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to identify this association. METHODS The prospective cohort studies reporting the relationship between tea consumption and kidney stones were searched from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to December 1, 2023. For MR analysis, the summary-level data for tea consumption and kidney stones were extracted from the UK Biobank available data and the 8th release of the FinnGen consortium, respectively. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was the primary analytical method. RESULTS In our dose-response meta-analysis, four prospective cohort studies involving 1,263,008 participants were included, and tea consumption was found to have significant associations with kidney stones (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.73-0.87). We also observed a substantially linear negative relationship between tea consumption and the risk of kidney stones. In MR analysis, the IVW method indicated that tea consumption was inversely associated with kidney stones (OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53-0.94). CONCLUSION Our study confirmed a causal relationship between tea consumption and kidney stones, and higher tea consumption may reduce the risk of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zewu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Hequn Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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7
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Wang M, Guo W, Chen JF. Caffeine: a potential mechanism for anti-obesity. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10022-1. [PMID: 38802651 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity refers to the excessive accumulation of fat caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE). Over recent years, obesity has become a major public health challenge. Caffeine is a natural product that has been demonstrated to exert anti-obesity effects; however, the mechanisms responsible for the effect of caffeine on weight loss have yet to be fully elucidated. Most obesity-related deaths are due to cardiovascular disease. Recent research has demonstrated that caffeine can reduce the risk of death from cardiovascular disease; thus, it can be hypothesized that caffeine may represent a new therapeutic agent for weight loss. In this review, we synthesize data arising from clinical and animal studies over the last decade and discuss the potential mechanisms by which caffeine may induce weight loss, focusing particularly on increasing energy consumption, suppressing appetite, altering lipid metabolism, and influencing the gut microbiota. Finally, we summarize the major challenges associated with caffeine and anti-obesity research and highlight possible directions for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- International Joint Research Center on Purinergic Signaling, School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Wei Guo
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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8
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Xie Z, Zhuang Y, Peng S, Zhou X, Zhang G, Jiang H, Zhang C, Chen N. Association between milk consumption and kidney stones in U.S. adults: results from NHANES 2007-2018. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1394618. [PMID: 38812937 PMCID: PMC11133716 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1394618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary strategies play a crucial role in the prevention of kidney stones. While milk is known for its rich nutritional content, its impact on kidney stone formation remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between milk consumption and the risk of kidney stones among U.S. adults. Methods We included 24,620 participants aged 20 and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2018). Milk consumption was defined based on each participant's response to the questionnaire item on "Past 30 day milk product consumption." Kidney stones history was self-reported by participants. The analysis employed weighted multivariate logistic regression models, followed by subgroup analyses for result validation, and explored the age-related dynamics of milk consumption's effect on kidney stone risk using a restricted cubic spline model. Results Adjusted findings revealed that higher milk intake was associated with a decreased risk of kidney stones (odds ratio [OR] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-0.96), notably among women (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.80-0.92) but not significantly in men (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.86-1.02). Smoothed curves across all ages showed that women consuming milk had a lower incidence of kidney stones than those who did not, particularly with regular consumption. Conclusion This study uncovered that across all age groups, higher frequency of milk consumption in women is associated with a reduced risk of kidney stones. However, further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouzhou Xie
- Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China
- Department of Urology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shansen Peng
- Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China
- Department of Urology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhou
- Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China
- Department of Urology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, China
| | - Guihao Zhang
- Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China
- Department of Urology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, China
| | - Huiming Jiang
- Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China
- Department of Urology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, China
| | - Changyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Nanhui Chen
- Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, China
- Department of Urology, Meizhou People's Hospital (Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences), Meizhou, China
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9
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Schrag TA, Diarra D, Veser J. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of urolithiasis in geriatric patients - differences, similarities and caveats in comparison to the general population. Curr Opin Urol 2024; 34:154-165. [PMID: 38445376 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0000000000001173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Purpose of the review is to address management and prevention of urolithiasis in elderly patients examining the dynamic interplay between general measures, dietary adjustments, lifestyle modifications, and targeted pharmacological and/ or surgical interventions. The goal is to provide understanding of the evolving strategies required for effective urolithiasis prevention in the geriatric population. RECENT FINDINGS Age-specific diagnostic considerations are necessary because urolithiasis in the elderly population is characterized by bigger stones, greater peri-operative risks, and heightened symptom severity. When comorbidities are present, conservative treatments - especially analgesia - provide difficulties. Surgical procedures prove to be safe and effective, with complication rates and practical application comparable to younger cohorts. Prevention approaches that include lifestyle changes and the investigation of novel pharmaceutical options such as sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2)-inhibitors are promising in the management of urolithiasis in the elderly population. SUMMARY Our review offers a thorough investigation of urolithiasis in the elderly population, elucidating distinct clinical manifestations, complex diagnostic issues, and treatment implications. The safety and effectiveness of ureteroscopy in older patients, as well as the possible prophylactic function of SGLT-2-I, offer crucial insights for clinicians. Subsequent studies are necessary to enhance age-specific therapies, addressing the distinct obstacles presented by urolithiasis in the elderly population within this rapidly growing demographic.
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10
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Wang X, Wang Q. Current Dietary and Medical Prevention of Renal Calcium Oxalate Stones. Int J Gen Med 2024; 17:1635-1649. [PMID: 38706742 PMCID: PMC11067920 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s459155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney stones refer to abnormal crystal formation that occurs in the kidney. Among a variety of components of kidney stones, calcium oxalate (CaOx) is the most common type. Despite many efforts to investigate the pathogenesis of CaOx stones, the pathogenesis remains an issue of debate. With high occurrence and recurrence, individuals with stone formation are prone to frequently consult a doctor and to be hospitalized, and the treatment of kidney stones poses a heavy burden on the patients. Concerns should be focused not only on treatment but also on prevention. Herein, we reviewed the studies on prevention methods of CaOx stones through diet, lifestyle, and medication extending until the current time frame. As hyperoxaluria is the most common metabolic disorder among CaOx stone formations, we also included several studies on the treatment and prevention of hyperoxaluria. Our objective was to outline the effective methods to prevent renal CaOx stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Peerapen P, Putpeerawit P, Boonmark W, Thongboonkerd V. Resveratrol inhibits calcium oxalate crystal growth, reduces adhesion to renal cells and induces crystal internalization into the cells, but promotes crystal aggregation. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100740. [PMID: 38694557 PMCID: PMC11061250 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural phenolic compound that belongs to stilbenoid group found in diverse plants. Health benefits and therapeutic potentials of resveratrol have been widely recognized in various diseases. In kidney stone disease, it can alleviate oxalate-induced hyperproduction of free radicals in renal epithelial cells. Nevertheless, its direct effects on calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal, which is the major stone component, remained unclear. This study therefore addressed the direct effects of resveratrol (at 1, 10 or 100 μM) on each step of CaOx kidney stone formation. The results revealed that resveratrol had no significant effects on CaOx crystallization. However, resveratrol significantly decreased CaOx crystal growth and adhesion to renal epithelial cells at all concentrations, and induced crystal internalization into the cells (a process related to crystal degradation by endolysosomes) in a concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, resveratrol promoted crystal aggregation. These data indicate that resveratrol serves as a dual modulator on CaOx stone formation. While it inhibits CaOx stone development by reducing crystal growth and adhesion to renal cells and by inducing crystal internalization into the cells, resveratrol promotes crystal aggregation, which is one of the mechanisms leading to kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Pattaranit Putpeerawit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Wanida Boonmark
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
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12
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Cheraghian B, Meysam A, Hashemi SJ, Hosseini SA, Malehi AS, Khazaeli D, Rahimi Z. Kidney stones and dietary intake in adults: a population-based study in southwest Iran. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:955. [PMID: 38575950 PMCID: PMC10993538 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of kidney stones is on the rise globally. Several risk factors, including lifestyle, contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Nevertheless, there is a contentious debate about the relationship between diet and kidney stones. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the relationship between macronutrients and micronutrients and the formation of kidney stones. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the baseline phase of the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study, focusing on adults aged 35-70 in southwest Iran. The information on demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, kidney stone history, and food frequency was collected. Chi-square and t-tests were utilized to assess the relationship between categorical and numerical variables with kidney stones. The ANCOVA and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationships while controlling for confounding factors. RESULTS Among 10,009 participants, the overall prevalence of kidney stones was 18.77% (95% CI: 17.99-19.53). A higher intake of carbohydrates [OR = 1.02 (95% CI:1.002-1.03), p = 0.026] and copper [OR = 1.04 (95% CI:1.01-1.09), p = 0.025] were found to be associated with kidney stones. No associations were found between the other assessed macronutrients or micronutrients and kidney stones (p-tvalues > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study's findings indicate a correlation between diet and the formation of kidney stones. However, the relationship between dietary factors and kidney stones is complex, and further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Cheraghian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alipour Meysam
- Department of Nutrition, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amal Saki Malehi
- Pain Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Dinyar Khazaeli
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Chronic Renal Failure Research Center Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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13
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Zhao E, Gao Y, Xiao R, Zhang C. Patterns of weight change during adulthood and incidence of nephrolithiasis: a population-based study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:461-468. [PMID: 38071395 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01434-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some evidence to suggest that there may be a link between body mass index (BMI) and the development of kidney stones, it remains unclear whether weight change was associated with the presence of kidney stone. AIMS The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between changes patterns in weight during adulthood and the incidence of kidney stone. METHODS This study included 14472 participants aged 30-75 years, whose BMI was recorded at both baseline and 10 years prior to the survey. We categorized individuals into five weight change patterns: stable healthy, non-obesity to obesity, obesity to non-obesity, stable obesity, and maximum overweight. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) relating weight change to incident kidney stone were calculated using logistic regression models adjusting for covariates. The non-linear association between absolute weight change was investigated using the restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. The supposed population attributable fraction (PAF) for the weight change patterns was calculated. RESULTS After adjusting for all confounders, participants changing from non-obesity to obesity, obesity to non-obesity, and stable obesity had significantly higher risks of kidney stone than those with healthy weight during adulthood (OR = 1.59, 95% CI:1.18-2.13; OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.47-2.16; OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.48-2.19, respectively). A U-shaped association was observed, and the risk of kidney stone was lowest in participants with stable healthy BMI. If the population had maintained a healthy BMI, a 28.7% (95% CI: 18.6%-37.5%) lower incidence of kidney stones was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study found that changes in weight during adulthood are linked to the risk of developing kidney stones. Maintaining healthy weight during adulthood is important for reducing the risk of developing kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enfa Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Chaoxue Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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Rivera-Paredez B, Morales M, Velázquez-Cruz R, Salmerón J, Jiménez-Corona A, Balderas-Arteaga N, González-Villalpando C, Tamayo J, Lajous M, Catzin-Kuhlmann A, Nelson R, Correa-Rotter R, Denova-Gutierréz E. Association between soft drinks intake and low glomerular filtration rate in Mexican adults: Results from RenMex. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1062-1069. [PMID: 38547595 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS To evaluate the association between soft drinks (SDs) consumption and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a Mexican adult population. METHODS We used data from the RenMex consortium (n = 2095) that included the Mexican Teachers Cohort Study (34-65 years), the Health Workers Cohort Study (18-90 years), and the Comitán Study (19-91 years). In this cross-sectional study, we assessed SDs consumption (cola and flavored soda) using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and estimated eGFR using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Quantile regression was used to assess the association between SDs consumption and eGFR with eGFR as a continuous variable. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for eGFR categories derived from quantile regression (mildly decreased eGFR, ≥72.9-87.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 and moderately decreased eGFR, <72.9 mL/min/1.73 m2). RESULTS Mean age of study participants was 47.2 years, 67.5% were women, and 12.2% had diabetes. eGFR was <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in 3.7% of study participants. Mildly decreased eGFR was present in 14.8%, and moderately decreased eGFR was present in 10.1% of study participants. Quantile regression results showed that SDs consumption was associated with lower eGFR at the 10th, 25th, 50th and 75th percentile. Based on the final adjusted multinomial model, ≥7 servings/week was positively associated with moderately decreased eGFR relative to <1 serving/week (Relative Risk Ratio = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.07-3.57). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that higher SDs consumption is associated with lower eGFR. Encouraging healthy dietary choices should be part of the management and prevention of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Rivera-Paredez
- Research Center in Policies, Population and Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariluz Morales
- Research Center in Policies, Population and Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Genomics of Bone Metabolism Laboratory, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Research Center in Policies, Population and Health, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aida Jiménez-Corona
- Department of Ocular Epidemiology and Visual Health, Instituto de Oftalmología Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nydia Balderas-Arteaga
- Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | | | - Martin Lajous
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Andrés Catzin-Kuhlmann
- Dirección de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Robert Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Ricardo Correa-Rotter
- Departamento de Nefrología y Metabolismo Mineral, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Edgar Denova-Gutierréz
- Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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15
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Gefen AM, Zaritsky JJ. Review of childhood genetic nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1381174. [PMID: 38606357 PMCID: PMC11007102 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1381174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis (NL) is a common condition worldwide. The incidence of NL and nephrocalcinosis (NC) has been increasing, along with their associated morbidity and economic burden. The etiology of NL and NC is multifactorial and includes both environmental components and genetic components, with multiple studies showing high heritability. Causative gene variants have been detected in up to 32% of children with NL and NC. Children with NL and NC are genotypically heterogenous, but often phenotypically relatively homogenous, and there are subsequently little data on the predictors of genetic childhood NL and NC. Most genetic diseases associated with NL and NC are secondary to hypercalciuria, including those secondary to hypercalcemia, renal phosphate wasting, renal magnesium wasting, distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), proximal tubulopathies, mixed or variable tubulopathies, Bartter syndrome, hyperaldosteronism and pseudohyperaldosteronism, and hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism. The remaining minority of genetic diseases associated with NL and NC are secondary to hyperoxaluria, cystinuria, hyperuricosuria, xanthinuria, other metabolic disorders, and multifactorial etiologies. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in adults have identified multiple polygenic traits associated with NL and NC, often involving genes that are involved in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D homeostasis. Compared to adults, there is a relative paucity of studies in children with NL and NC. This review aims to focus on the genetic component of NL and NC in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Gefen
- Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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16
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Wei B, Tan W, He S, Yang S, Gu C, Wang S. Association between drinking status and risk of kidney stones among United States adults: NHANES 2007-2018. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:820. [PMID: 38491490 PMCID: PMC10941453 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between drinking status and kidney stones occurrence among United States (US) adults who consume alcohol. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2007-2018). Questionnaires yielded information on alcohol consumption and kidney health. Drinking status was categorized into four groups-former, mild, moderate, and heavy-based on alcohol consumption patterns. The aim was to explore the relationship between drinking status and the prevalence of kidney stones occurrence. For this analysis, we examined a group of individuals diagnosed with kidney stones. With survey weights applied, the total weight of the group was 185,690,415. RESULTS We used logistic regression to measure the relationship between drinking status and the likelihood of developing kidney stones. In a fully adjusted model, former drinkers were less likely to have previously experienced kidney stones (OR 0.762, 95% CI 0.595-0.977, P < 0.05). In subgroup analysis, heavy alcohol consumption was associated with a significantly reduced likelihood of kidney stones occurrence in various populations. The adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of kidney stones risk for heavy alcohol consumption were 0.745 (0.566-0.981) for young individuals, 0.566 (0.342-0.939) for older individuals, 0.708 (0.510-0.981) for individuals of white race, 0.468 (0.269-0.817) for individuals with underweight/normal BMI, 0.192 (0.066-0.560) for widowed people, 0.538 (0.343-0.843) for smoking individuals, 0.749 (0.595-0.941) for individuals without a cancer history, and 0.724 (0.566-0.925) for individuals without a stroke history. CONCLUSIONS In US adults who consume alcohol, a negative linear relationship is apparent between drinking status and the prevalence of kidney stones, with heavy drinking showing a lower prevalence compared to former drinkers. However, the causal relationship between drinking status and kidney stones requires further investigation in future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baian Wei
- The Second School of Clinical Medical , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenyue Tan
- The Second School of Clinical Medical , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuien He
- The Second School of Clinical Medical , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shijian Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chiming Gu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shusheng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Li Z, Wei H, Tang X, Liu T, Li S, Wang X. Blood metabolites mediate the impact of lifestyle factors on the risk of urolithiasis: a multivariate, mediation Mendelian randomization study. Urolithiasis 2024; 52:44. [PMID: 38451326 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-024-01545-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Urolithiasis is closely linked to lifestyle factors. However, the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between lifestyle factors and the onset of urolithiasis and explore potential blood metabolite mediators and their role in mediating this relationship. In this study, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables if they exhibited significant associations with our exposures in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) (p < 5.0 × 10-8). Summary data for urolithiasis came from the FinnGen database, including 8597 cases and 333,128 controls. We employed multiple MR analysis methods to assess causal links between genetically predicted lifestyle factors and urolithiasis, as well as the mediating role of blood metabolites. A series of sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses were also conducted. Our results show that cigarettes smoked per day (odds ratio [OR] = 1.159, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.004-1.338, p = 0.044) and alcohol intake frequency (OR = 1.286, 95% CI = 1.056-1.565, p = 0.012) were positively associated with increased risk of urolithiasis, while tea intake (OR = 0.473, 95% CI = 0.299-0.784, p = 0.001) was positively associated with reduced risk of urolithiasis. Mediation analysis identifies blood metabolites capable of mediating the causal relationship between cigarettes smoked per day, tea intake and urolithiasis. We have come to the conclusion that blood metabolites serve as potential causal mediators of urolithiasis, underscoring the importance of early lifestyle interventions and metabolite monitoring in the prevention of urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Li
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Houyi Wei
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tongzu Liu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Kim MJ, Jin HS, Eom YB. Coffee consumption affects kidney function based on GCKR polymorphism in a Korean population. Nutr Res 2024; 122:92-100. [PMID: 38215572 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Kidney function can be preserved through pharmacological interventions and nonpharmacological strategies, such as lifestyle and dietary adjustments. Among these, coffee has been linked to protective effects on kidney function. However, few studies have investigated the effect of coffee consumption on kidney function according to specific genes. We hypothesized that the impact of coffee consumption on kidney function might vary depending on GCKR polymorphism. GCKR rs1260326 polymorphism was examined using the Korean genome and epidemiology data from 656 chronic kidney disease (CKD) cases and 38,540 individuals without CKD (non-CKD). GCKR polymorphism has been previously associated with both coffee consumption and kidney function in Europeans. We replicated the associations between GCKR rs1260326 and coffee consumption and kidney function in Korean individuals. We also explored the effect of coffee consumption on kidney function by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Individuals with the rs1260326 (TC/CC) genotype did not experience significant changes in CKD risk based on their coffee consumption habits. In contrast, individuals with the TT genotype exhibited a significantly lower risk of CKD based on coffee consumption. Interestingly, in the non-CKD group, a beneficial effect on estimated glomerular filtration rate was observed in individuals with the T allele as coffee consumption increased. Our findings supported the hypothesis and revealed that the impact of coffee consumption habits on kidney function may vary based on the GCKR rs1260326 genotype of Korean individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jeong Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bin Eom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Y, Liu S, Zhao Q, Wang N, Liu X, Zhang T, He G, Zhao G, Jiang Y, Chen B. Analysis of Dietary Patterns Associated with Kidney Stone Disease Based on Data-Driven Approaches: A Case-Control Study in Shanghai. Nutrients 2024; 16:214. [PMID: 38257107 PMCID: PMC10818537 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to analyze dietary patterns using data-driven approaches and to explore preventive or risk dietary factors for kidney stone disease (KSD). A case-control matching study was conducted in adults (n = 6396) from a suburb of Shanghai. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the consumption of various types of food, and B-ultrasound was used to identify kidney stones. Principal component analysis and regression were used to generate dietary patterns and further explore the relationship between dietary patterns and KSD. LASSO regression and post-selection inference were used to identify food groups most associated with KSD. Among males, the "balanced but no-sugary-beverages pattern" (OR = 0.78, p < 0.05) and the "nuts and pickles pattern" (OR = 0.84, p < 0.05) were protective dietary patterns. Among females, "high vegetables and low-sugary-beverages pattern" (OR = 0.83, p < 0.05) and "high-crustaceans and low-vegetables pattern" (OR = 0.79, p < 0.05) were protective dietary patterns, while the "comprehensive pattern with a preference for meat" (OR = 1.06, p < 0.05) and "sugary beverages pattern" (OR = 1.16, p < 0.05) were risk dietary patterns. We further inferred that sugary beverages (p < 0.05) were risk factors and pickles (p < 0.05) and crustaceans (p < 0.05) were protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.W.); (G.H.)
| | - Shaojie Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China;
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Qi Zhao
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.W.); (G.H.)
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Genming Zhao
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yonggen Jiang
- Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201620, China;
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.W.); (G.H.)
- Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (Q.Z.); (N.W.); (X.L.); (T.Z.); (G.Z.)
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Maline GE, Goldfarb DS. Climate change and kidney stones. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2024; 33:89-96. [PMID: 37725125 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Kidney stones affect an increasing proportion of the population. We suggest that these trends are in part influenced by exposure to higher temperatures as a result of climate change and urbanization. The changing epidemiology of kidney stones is a topic worthy of discussion due to the economic and healthcare burden the condition poses as well as the quality-of-life disruption faced by individuals with kidney stones. RECENT FINDINGS The relationship between heat and kidney stones is well supported. Exposure to high temperatures has been shown to increase risk for stone development within a short time frame. Effects are modified by factors such as sex, comorbid conditions, and population vulnerability and adaptability. Urban heat islands (UHIs) likely exaggerate the effect of increasing global surface temperature. The concentration of UHIs often coincides with historic redlining practices in the United States, potentially contributing to observed disparities in kidney health among minoritized populations. As global surface temperature increases and urbanization trends continue, a greater proportion of the world's population is exposed to significant temperature extremes each year, leading to the expectation that kidney stone prevalence will continue to increase. SUMMARY This work describes the effect of increasing global surface temperature as a result of climate change on kidney stone disease and kidney health. These effects may result in further perpetuation of significant kidney stone related social disparities. We suggest strategies to mitigate the effects of heat exposure on stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David S Goldfarb
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine
- Nephrology Division, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Nephrology Section Harbor VA Healthcare System, New York, New York, USA
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21
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Prochaska M, Menezes C, Ko BS, Coe F, Worcester E. Contribution of thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule to glucose-induced hypercalciuria in healthy controls. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F811-F816. [PMID: 37823200 PMCID: PMC10874680 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00130.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates increase kidney stone risk and increase urine calcium and magnesium. We hypothesize that the effects of glucose as an allosteric modulator of calcium-sensing receptors may mediate this effect. Six healthy subjects were on a low-sodium diet before consuming 100 g of glucose beverage. Timed fasting (3) and postglucose (6) urine and blood samples were collected every 30 min. Urine composition and serum markers were measured and microvesicular abundance of tubular transport proteins (NHE3, NKCC2, NCC, and TRPV5) were quantified. Postglucose, serum glucose, and insulin rose rapidly with a parallel increase in calcium and magnesium excretion and no change in fractional excretion of sodium. Both serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and urine TRPV5 fell in the postglucose periods. The rise in the calcium and magnesium excretion likely occurred primarily in the thick ascending limb where they are both under control of the calcium-sensing receptor. The fall in PTH and TRPV5 support the role of glucose as an allosteric modulator of calcium-sensing receptor.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sugar increases urine calcium and magnesium as well as kidney stone and bone disease risk. Our study provided new insights into the underlying mechanism as we gave healthy subjects an oral glucose load and used newer tools such as fractional excretion of lithium, serum parathyroid hormone, and microvesicular abundance of tubular transport proteins to characterize the mechanism and identify the thick ascending limb with possible calcium-sensing receptor mediation as a likely contributor to this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Prochaska
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Cameron Menezes
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Benjamin S Ko
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Fredric Coe
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Elaine Worcester
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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22
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Courbebaisse M, Travers S, Bouderlique E, Michon-Colin A, Daudon M, De Mul A, Poli L, Baron S, Prot-Bertoye C. Hydration for Adult Patients with Nephrolithiasis: Specificities and Current Recommendations. Nutrients 2023; 15:4885. [PMID: 38068743 PMCID: PMC10708476 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis affects around 10% of the population and is frequently associated with impaired dietary factors. The first one is insufficient fluid intake inducing reduced urine volume, urine supersaturation, and subsequently urinary lithiasis. Kidneys regulate 24 h urine volume, which, under physiological conditions, approximately reflects daily fluid intake. The aim of this study is to synthesize and highlight the role of hydration in the treatment of nephrolithiasis. Increasing fluid intake has a preventive effect on the risk of developing a first kidney stone (primary prevention) and also decreases the risk of stone recurrence (secondary prevention). Current guidelines recommend increasing fluid intake to at least at 2.5 L/day to prevent stone formation, and even to 3.5-4 L in some severe forms of nephrolithiasis (primary or enteric hyperoxaluria or cystinuria). Fluid intake must also be balanced between day and night, to avoid urinary supersaturation during the night. Patients should be informed and supported in this difficult process of increasing urine dilution, with practical ways and daily routines to increase their fluid intake. The liquid of choice is water, which should be chosen depending on its composition (such as calcium, bicarbonate, or magnesium content). Finally, some additional advice has to be given to avoid certain beverages such as those containing fructose or phosphoric acid, which are susceptible to increase the risk of nephrolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Courbebaisse
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Inserm U1151, F-75015 Paris, France
- Physiology—Functional Explorations Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France (C.P.-B.)
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l’Enfant et de l’Adulte (MARHEA), F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Simon Travers
- Équipe Biologie, Lip(Sys)2, EA7357, UFR de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91400 Orsay, France
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Elise Bouderlique
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Physiology—Functional Explorations Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France (C.P.-B.)
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l’Enfant et de l’Adulte (MARHEA), F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Arthur Michon-Colin
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Physiology—Functional Explorations Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France (C.P.-B.)
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l’Enfant et de l’Adulte (MARHEA), F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Michel Daudon
- Department of Multidisciplinary Functional Explorations, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie De Mul
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, Filière Maladies Rares OSCAR, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Laura Poli
- Physiology—Functional Explorations Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France (C.P.-B.)
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l’Enfant et de l’Adulte (MARHEA), F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Baron
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Physiology—Functional Explorations Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France (C.P.-B.)
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l’Enfant et de l’Adulte (MARHEA), F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- CNRS ERL 8228—Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Prot-Bertoye
- Physiology—Functional Explorations Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, F-75015 Paris, France (C.P.-B.)
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l’Enfant et de l’Adulte (MARHEA), F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphate, F-75015 Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- CNRS ERL 8228—Laboratoire de Physiologie Rénale et Tubulopathies, F-75006 Paris, France
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23
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Lemoine S, Dahan P, Haymann JP, Meria P, Almeras C. 2022 Recommendations of the AFU Lithiasis Committee: Medical management - from diagnosis to treatment. Prog Urol 2023; 33:911-953. [PMID: 37918992 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The morphological-compositional analysis of urinary stones allows distinguishing schematically several situations: dietary, digestive, metabolic/hormonal, infectious and genetic problems. Blood and urine testing are recommended in the first instance to identify risk factors of urinary stone disease in order to avoid recurrence or progression. The other objective is to detect a potential underlying pathology associated with high risk of urinary stone disease (e.g. primary hyperparathyroidism, primary or enteric hyperoxaluria, cystinuria, distal renal tubular acidosis) that may require specific management. Lifestyle-diet measures are the basis of the management of all stone types, but pharmacological treatments may be required. METHODOLOGY: These recommendations were developed using two methods: the Clinical Practice Recommendation (CPR) method and the ADAPTE method, depending on whether the question was considered in the European Association of Urology (EAU) recommendations (https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis) [EAU 2022] and their adaptability to the French context.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lemoine
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, SFNDT, SP, Lyon, France
| | - P Dahan
- Nephrology Department, Clinique Saint-Exupéry, SFNDT, Toulouse, France
| | - J P Haymann
- Inserm, UMRS 1155 UPMC, Tenon Hospital, SP, Paris, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Multidisciplinaires, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Meria
- Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, AP-HP-Centre Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - C Almeras
- UroSud, clinique La Croix du Sud, Quint-Fonsegrives, France.
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24
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Zhang J, Tang Z, Lu Z, Lin X, Liao H, Li Z, Chen W, Hu C, He Z, Tang F. The Association between Dietary Sugar Intake and Nephrolithiasis: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018. J Nutr 2023; 153:2968-2978. [PMID: 37648110 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary sugar intake is gradually considered a risk factor for many diseases. A sugary diet was positively associated with risk of nephrolithiasis, but the specific relationships remain undefined. OBJECTIVES To determine associations between risk of nephrolithiasis and dietary sugar intake. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 21,590 participants based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018. Amounts of dietary sugar intake (g/d) were the main exposure, including total sugar intake, added sugar intake, and food sources. Associations were analyzed by logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines using complex weighted designs. RESULTS Weighted mean intake [standard error] of total sugar and added sugar were 111.2 [2.0] g/d and 73.7 [1.9] g/d in participants with nephrolithiasis, respectively. In the fully adjusted regression model, compared to those in quartile 1, the population in quartile 4 of total sugar intake showed a significant risk of nephrolithiasis [odds ratio (OR): 1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.51]; OR for added sugar intake was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.25-1.94). The risks of nephrolithiasis increased steadily when total sugar and added sugar intake exceeded ∼150 g/d and 63 g/d in restricted cubic spline analyses, respectively. The highest sugar intake from beverages was associated with an increased risk of nephrolithiasis (OR for total sugar: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07-1.72; OR for added sugar: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.09-1.73). Added sugar intake from meat, egg, and oil was significantly associated with risk of nephrolithiasis (quartile 4, OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02-1.47), whereas total sugar intake from dairy products was in reverse (quartile 4, OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.54-0.82). CONCLUSIONS Total and added sugar intake, sugar intake from beverages, and added sugar intake from meat, egg, and oil were associated with an increased risk of nephrolithiasis, whereas total sugar intake from dairy products was negatively associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhicheng Tang
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zechao Lu
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuqing Lin
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiqin Liao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhibiao Li
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanru Chen
- The Third Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuxian Hu
- The Sixth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaohui He
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fucai Tang
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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25
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Yang S, Tan W, Wei B, Gu C, Li S, Wang S. Association between alcohol and urolithiasis: a mendelian randomization study. Urolithiasis 2023; 51:103. [PMID: 37581757 PMCID: PMC10427707 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-023-01472-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The causal relationship between alcohol and urolithiasis remains uncertain, despite previous observational studies reporting an association between the two. To determine the causality, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal relationship between alcohol and kidney stones using a two-sample MR approach. Two sets of genetic instruments were utilized in the analysis, both of which were derived from publicly available genetic summary data. The first set consisted of 73 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly linked to alcohol intake frequency (AIF) and the second set was comprised of 69 SNPs associated with alcohol consumption (AC). Our MR analysis was performed using several methods including the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier test. Our results from the MR analysis revealed a borderline significant association between AIF and the risk of urolithiasis. This was established through the use of the IVW method (OR (95% CI) = 1.29 (1.02, 1.65), p = 0.036) and the weighted median approach (OR (95% CI) = 1.44 (1.10, 1.89), p = 0.008). The MR-Egger model also yielded similar risk estimates (OR (95% CI) = 1.39 (0.66, 2.93), p = 0.386), although the relationship was not statistically significant. Sixty-eight SNPs were identified as having a substantial and independent link with AC. However, the IVW approach revealed no significant effect of AC on the risk of urolithiasis (OR (95% CI) = 0.74 (0.48, 1.14), p = 0.173). The MR analysis suggested a potential causal association between alcohol intake frequency and the risk of urolithiasis, but not alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyue Tan
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baian Wei
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chiming Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shusheng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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26
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Bai S, Zhang Y, Guo C, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Liu L, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Zhang T, Ding Y, Zhao Y, Niu K, Xia Y. Associations between dietary patterns and nephrolithiasis risk in a large Chinese cohort: is a balanced or plant-based diet better? Food Funct 2023; 14:3220-3229. [PMID: 36920109 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Individual food items and nutrients are associated with the development of nephrolithiasis. Few studies have investigated the association between dietary patterns, particularly plant-based diets, and this disease. We aim to explore the associations between dietary patterns and incident nephrolithiasis risk. Materials and methods: This prospective cohort study included 26 490 participants. Factor analysis was applied to dietary information to identify three a posteriori dietary patterns, and six a priori plant-based dietary patterns (overall plant-based diet index [PDI], healthful plant-based diet index [hPDI], unhealthful plant-based diet index [uPDI], vegan diet, lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet, and fish-vegetarian diet) were defined. Nephrolithiasis was diagnosed using ultrasonography. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident nephrolithiasis related to dietary patterns. Results: After 101 094 person-years follow-up, we documented 806 incident nephrolithiasis cases. An a posteriori balanced dietary pattern characterized by a higher intake of vegetables, eggs, grains, legumes, legume products, and meat was associated with a lower risk of nephrolithiasis (P for trend = 0.02). Compared to the reference group in the lowest quartile of the balanced pattern, participants in the highest quartile had an adjusted HR (95% CI) of 0.72 (0.53-0.96) for incident nephrolithiasis. Adherence to the uPDI increased the risk of incident nephrolithiasis (P for trend < 0.01; adjusted HR4th quartile vs. 1st quartile, 1.46, 95% CI, 1.14-1.97). No significant association was found between other a posteriori or a priori dietary patterns and incident nephrolithiasis. Conclusions: Adherence to a balanced dietary pattern, but not a plant-based diet, was associated with a lower nephrolithiasis risk. Moreover, higher uPDI consumption increased incident nephrolithiasis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Bai
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuanji Guo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yashu Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. .,Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
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27
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Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V. Kidney Stone Prevention. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:555-569. [PMID: 36906146 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney stone disease (KSD) (alternatively nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis) is a global health care problem that affects almost people in developed and developing countries. Its prevalence has been continuously increasing with a high recurrence rate after stone removal. Although effective therapeutic modalities are available, preventive strategies for both new and recurrent stones are required to reduce physical and financial burdens of KSD. To prevent kidney stone formation, its etiology and risk factors should be first considered. Low urine output and dehydration are the common risks of all stone types, whereas hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, and hypocitraturia are the major risks of calcium stones. In this article, up-to-date knowledge on strategies (nutrition-based mainly) to prevent KSD is provided. Important roles of fluid intake (2.5-3.0 L/d), diuresis (>2.0-2.5 L/d), lifestyle and habit modifications (for example, maintain normal body mass index, fluid compensation for working in high-temperature environment, and avoid cigarette smoking), and dietary management [for example, sufficient calcium at 1000-1200 mg/d, limit sodium at 2 or 3-5 g/d of sodium chloride (NaCl), limit oxalate-rich foods, avoid vitamin C and vitamin D supplements, limit animal proteins to 0.8-1.0 g/kg body weight/d but increase plant proteins in patients with calcium and uric acid stone and those with hyperuricosuria, increase proportion of citrus fruits, and consider lime powder supplementation] are summarized. Moreover, uses of natural bioactive products (for example, caffeine, epigallocatechin gallate, and diosmin), medications (for example, thiazides, alkaline citrate, other alkalinizing agents, and allopurinol), bacterial eradication, and probiotics are also discussed. Adv Nutr 2023;x:xx-xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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28
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Liu D, Wang J, Chen Y, Liu F, Deng Y, Wang M. Tea intake and risk of kidney stones: A mendelian randomization study. Nutrition 2023; 107:111919. [PMID: 36542873 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Observational studies indicate that tea intake is associated with a decreased risk of kidney stones. Here we performed a mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate whether this association is causal. METHODS Forty-four independent genetic variants strongly associated with tea intake were identified from a large genome-wide association study, including 448 060 individuals of the UK Biobank. We additionally obtained genome-wide association study summary statistics for kidney stones from the FinnGen consortium (5985 cases and 253 943 controls) and UK Biobank (6536 cases and 388 508 controls). Random-effect inverse variance weighted regression was used to evaluate causal estimates. The random-effect inverse variance weighted estimates based on the FinnGen consortium and UK Biobank were meta-analyzed using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Other MR methods, including MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, were also performed to test the robustness of our results. RESULTS In a combined sample of 12 521 cases and 642 451 controls, the inverse variance weighted analysis indicated that genetically predicted tea intake was causally associated with a decreased risk of kidney stones (odds ratio = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34-0.66; P < 0.001). This association was consistent in other MR methods. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that tea intake may be causally associated with a decreased risk of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Fenfen Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.
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29
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Gambaro G, Tzelves L, Skolarikos A, Kanbay M, Ortiz A, Cozzolino M. The new guidelines of the European Association of Urology on Urolithiasis: the urology-nephrology intersection. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:258-260. [PMID: 36441014 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gambaro
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lazaros Tzelves
- Department of Urology, Sismanogleio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Skolarikos
- Department of Urology, Sismanogleio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Renal Division, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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30
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Stamatelou K, Goldfarb DS. Epidemiology of Kidney Stones. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030424. [PMID: 36766999 PMCID: PMC9914194 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, major breakthroughs that improve our understanding of the pathophysiology and therapy of kidney stones (KS) have been lacking. The disease continues to be challenging for patients, physicians, and healthcare systems alike. In this context, epidemiological studies are striving to elucidate the worldwide changes in the patterns and the burden of the disease and identify modifiable risk factors that contribute to the development of kidney stones. Our expanding knowledge of the epidemiology of kidney stones is of paramount importance and largely upgrades the modern management of the disease. In this paper, we review the variables affecting prevalence and incidence, including age, gender, race, ethnicity, occupation, climate, geography, systemic diseases, diabetes, vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and dietary risk factors relevant to kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Stamatelou
- “MESOGEIOS” Nephrology Center, Haidari and Nephros.eu Private Clinic, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - David S. Goldfarb
- Nephrology Division, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NY Nephrology Section, NY Harbor VA Healthcare System, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-212-686-7500 (ext. 3877); Fax: +1-212-951-6842
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Yitgin Y, Asrak H, Tefik T. Role, importance and assessment of dietary habits in urolithiasis patient. World J Urol 2023; 41:1229-1233. [PMID: 36697917 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Urolithiasis, which prevalence is increasing, poses a risk for chronic kidney disease in patients. Dietary habits play a significant role in stone formation, growth and recurrence. Also, comorbidities and lifestyle changes are among the factors affecting stone formation. The next step should be to detect metabolic disorders, if any, with analyzes to be made after a detailed anamnesis, and to arrange the necessary treatment. Insufficient fluid intake is considered to be the main dietary risk factor for urolithiasis. A daily fluid intake of 2.5-3.0 L/day or diuresis of 2.0-2.5 L/day is recommended to prevent recurrence of kidney stones. Not all beverages are beneficial, and some may even increase the risk of stone formation. Dietary management, vitamins and supplements, physical activity are important components in reducing the risk of recurrent urolithiasis. A detailed dietary assessment is recommended as dietary habits affect the faith of the disease. In this review we evaluated the dietary approach of urolithiasis patients with and without comorbidities, the recommended daily fluid intake, vitamin supplementation, and relation of the urolithiasis with physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Yitgin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halime Asrak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tzevat Tefik
- Department of Urology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Fluid intake recommendations in urolithiasis and general advice to patients without metabolic risk factors. World J Urol 2023; 41:1251-1259. [PMID: 36692534 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Urolithiasis is a highly prevalent global disease with substantially increasing incidence in the last two decades. Data from the literature suggests that 26%-50% of patients will have a recurrence within 10 years after an initial symptomatic stone episode. Therefore, interest has been raised in preventive strategies, aiming to modify the risk factors of stone recurrence by implementing dietary and lifestyle changes and specific medical treatments for stone formers, depending on their recurrence risk factors. Certain dietary factors are thought to contribute significantly to the increased incidence of urolithiasis, particularly a diet low in fiber and high in animal protein, fat, and sodium. Fluid intake is perhaps the most important and modifiable step in the prevention of urolithiasis, irrespective of stone composition. However, the amount of fluid to be consumed and the implications of various fluid types on stone formation are still controversial. In this article, the relationship between fluid intake, beverage types and stone formation-prevention will be discussed. Moreover, general dietary recommendations for patients without metabolic risk factors will be reviewed based on the current literature.
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Sasai F, Roncal-Jimenez C, Rogers K, Sato Y, Brown JM, Glaser J, Garcia G, Sanchez-Lozada LG, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Dawson JB, Sorensen C, Hernando AA, Gonzalez-Quiroz M, Lanaspa M, Newman LS, Johnson RJ. Climate change and nephrology. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023; 38:41-48. [PMID: 34473287 PMCID: PMC9869860 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change should be of special concern for the nephrologist, as the kidney has a critical role in protecting the host from dehydration, but it is also a favorite target of heat stress and dehydration. Here we discuss how rising temperatures and extreme heat events may affect the kidney. The most severe presentation of heat stress is heat stroke, which can result in severe electrolyte disturbance and both acute and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, lesser levels of heat stress also have multiple effects, including exacerbating kidney disease and precipitating cardiovascular events in subjects with established kidney disease. Heat stress can also increase the risk for kidney stones, cause multiple electrolyte abnormalities and induce both acute and chronic kidney disease. Recently there have been multiple epidemics of CKD of uncertain etiology in various regions of the world, including Mesoamerica, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand. There is increasing evidence that climate change and heat stress may play a contributory role in these conditions, although other causes, including toxins, could also be involved. As climate change worsens, the nephrologist should prepare for an increase in diseases associated with heat stress and dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Sasai
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carlos Roncal-Jimenez
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Keegan Rogers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yuka Sato
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jared M Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Gabriela Garcia
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City
- Instituto Nacional de Cencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Department of Nephrology, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Butler Dawson
- Center for Health, Work and Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cecilia Sorensen
- Center for Health, Work and Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ana Andres Hernando
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marvin Gonzalez-Quiroz
- Research Centre on Health, Work and Environment (CISTA), National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, León, Nicaragua
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Miguel Lanaspa
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lee S Newman
- Center for Health, Work and Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Sun H, Wang X, Zhang X, Wang L, Tao M, Wang Y, Yang J, Lei Y, Jin C, Zhao S, Hu Y, Hu H. High ambient temperature increases the number of emergency visits for upper urolithiasis in Hefei City, China. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12856. [PMID: 36711317 PMCID: PMC9876836 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined the effect of ambient temperature on upper urolithiasis in developing countries, with even fewer considering individual factors. Methods The present study analyzed data on emergency department visits for upper urolithiasis from three hospital sites of a large hospital in Hefei, China, during 2016-2020. Data on environmental factors during the same period were also analyzed. A time series analysis employing a generalized Poisson regression model (GPRM) combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was conducted to evaluate the effect of ambient temperature on the number of emergency department visits for upper urolithiasis. Results We found that ambient temperatures above 9 °C were positively associated with the frequency of upper urolithiasis visits, with the relationship being most significant on the current day and with a one-day lag. In the single-day lag effect, the most significant relative risk (RR) for mild heat (75th percentile) and high heat (95th percentile) was 1.229 (95% CI: 1.100-1.373) and 1.337 (95% CI: 1.134-1.577), respectively. The cumulative lag effect was significantly higher than the single-day lag effect, with maximum relative risks (RRs) of 1.779 (95% CI: 1.356-2.335) and 2.498 (95% CI: 1.688-3.697), respectively. The maximum lag time was 7 days. RRs were also higher among women and individuals aged 30-44 years. Conclusions Increased ambient temperature is a risk factor for upper urolithiasis, and there is a hysteresis effect. Women and individuals aged 30-44 years are the most susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Sun
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Outpatient Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, China
| | - Min Tao
- Information Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Jidan Yang
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Yuting Lei
- Department of Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Changqing Jin
- Department of Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Outpatient Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Outpatient Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China
| | - Huaqing Hu
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China,Outpatient Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China,Corresponding author. Outpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province 230022, China.
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D'Amico M, Wason S, Cozier YC. Correlates of nephrolithiasis in US black women: data from the black women's health study. Urolithiasis 2023; 51:29. [PMID: 36607394 DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01391-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is a common urologic condition and a significant source of patient morbidity and healthcare expenditure. There are few epidemiologic studies of kidney stones focusing exclusively on Black women. We retrospectively assessed the prevalence and correlates of self-reported kidney stones within the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS). Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore factors associated with nephrolithiasis. As of the 2005 follow-up questionnaire, a cumulative total of 1063 women among 43,178 reported ever being diagnosed with kidney stones for a prevalence of 2.64%. Women with a history of nephrolithiasis were older, slightly heavier, and were more likely to have a comorbid condition (e.g., type-2 diabetes, gallstones), drink alcohol, and consume a Western-style diet. A history of gallstone disease was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.59 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.09-4.17). The OR for consuming ≥ 7 alcoholic beverages/week, compared to none was 0.61 (0.39-0.94), while the OR for high adherence to the Western diet, compared to low adherence was 1.53 (1.23-1.90). Our findings are consistent with previous studies of primarily white populations relating lifestyle-associated risk factors with nephrolithiasis. Despite their lower prevalence of kidney stones, it is important to focus on vulnerable populations such as Black women given their disproportionate burden of metabolic conditions (e.g., obesity, diabetes) related to kidney stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D'Amico
- Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shaun Wason
- Department of Urology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yvette C Cozier
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Betz MV, Penniston KL. Primary Contributors to Dietary Acid Load in Patients With Urolithiasis. J Ren Nutr 2023; 33:53-58. [PMID: 35752401 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In susceptible individuals, high dietary acid load may contribute to the formation of certain types of kidney stones via lowering urine pH and citrate excretion. The objective of this study is to determine the contribution of dietary acid from food groups in people with urolithiasis. DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with calcium urolithiasis (n = 83) who completed food records were used for this retrospective analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated for nutrients, potential renal acid load (PRAL), and estimated net endogenous acid production (NEAPest). Pearson's correlations were calculated between PRAL and NEAPest with each nutrient. RESULTS Data from a total of 83 patients were used. Average PRAL was positively correlated with energy (r = 0.260, P = .02), total protein (r = 0.463, P < .001), animal protein (r = 0.555, P < .001), total fat (P = .399, P < .001), sodium (r = 0.385, P < .001), and phosphorus (r = 0.345, P < .001) intake. PRAL was negatively correlated with fiber (r = -0.246, P = .03) intake. NEAPest was positively correlated with total protein (r = 0.269, P = .01), animal protein (r = 0.377, P < .001), fat (r = 0.222, P = .04), and sodium (r = 0.250, P = .02) intake. NEAPest was negatively correlated with fiber (r = -0.399, P < .001), potassium (r = -0.360, P < .001), and magnesium (r = -0.233, P = .03) intake. For PRAL, meat contributed the highest acid load (52.7%), followed by grains (19.6%) and combination foods (19.6%). Beverages contributed the greatest alkali load (35.1%), followed by vegetables (30.6%) and fruits (28.6%). For NEAPest, cheese contributed the highest acid load (21.8%), followed by grains (19.3%) and meat (18.1%). CONCLUSIONS For individuals with urolithiasis promoted by acidic urine and/or low urine citrate, dietary patterns with a high dietary acid load may contribute to recurrence risk. Meat and grains were the major contributors to dietary acid load in this cohort of patients with a history of kidney stones, whereas beverages, fruits, and vegetables contributed net alkali.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie V Betz
- Chronic Kidney Disease Nutrition & Education Specialist, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Kristina L Penniston
- Senior Scientist, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Urology; and Clinical Nutritionist, UW Health University Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI
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Unravelling the Complex Relationship between Diet and Nephrolithiasis: The Role of Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234961. [PMID: 36500991 PMCID: PMC9739708 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is an increasingly prevalent condition, especially in high income countries, and is associated with high morbidity. Extraordinary progress in genetics made the identification of genetic forms of nephrolithiasis possible. These genetic diseases are usually rare and do not account for the most common forms of nephrolithiasis that are the result of several factors such as environment, dietary habits, and predisposing genes. This knowledge has shaped what we classify as nephrolithiasis, a condition that is now recognized as systemic. How and to what extent all these factors interact with one another and end in kidney stone formation, growth, and recurrence is not completely understood. Two new research fields have recently been trying to give some answers: nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics. These fields have the aim of understanding the intricate diet/genome interface that influences gene expression regulation mainly through epigenetic mechanisms and results in specific medical conditions such as cancer, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Epigenetics seems to play a crucial role and could represent the link between environmental factors, that we are constantly exposed to, and risk factors for nephrolithiasis. In this systematic review, we summarize all the available evidence of proven or hypothesized epigenetic mechanisms related to nephrolithiasis.
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Bhattacharya S, Joshi NK, Jain YK, Bajpai N, Bhardwaj P, Chaturvedi M, Patil MS, Gaidhane A, Quazi Syed Z, Saxena D. Dietary Determinants of Renal Calculi: A Case-Control Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Rajasthan. Cureus 2022; 14:e31460. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Thongprayoon C, Vuckovic I, Vaughan LE, Macura S, Larson NB, D’Costa MR, Lieske JC, Rule AD, Denic A. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomic Profiling and Urine Chemistries in Incident Kidney Stone Formers Compared with Controls. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:2071-2086. [PMID: 36316097 PMCID: PMC9678037 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urine metabolites and chemistries that contribute to kidney stone formation are not fully understood. This study examined differences between the urine metabolic and chemistries profiles of first-time stone formers and controls. METHODS High-resolution 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomic analysis was performed in 24-hour urine samples from a prospective cohort of 418 first-time symptomatic kidney stone formers and 440 controls. In total, 48 NMR-quantified metabolites in addition to 12 standard urine chemistries were assayed. Analysis of covariance was used to determine the association of stone former status with urine metabolites or chemistries after adjusting for age and sex and correcting for the false discovery rate. Gradient-boosted machine methods with nested cross-validation were applied to predict stone former status. RESULTS Among the standard urine chemistries, stone formers had lower urine oxalate and potassium and higher urine calcium, phosphate, and creatinine. Among NMR urine metabolites, stone formers had lower hippuric acid, trigonelline, 2-furoylglycine, imidazole, and citrate and higher creatine and alanine. A cross-validated model using urine chemistries, age, and sex yielded a mean AUC of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.79). A cross-validated model using urine chemistries, NMR-quantified metabolites, age, and sex did not meaningfully improve the discrimination (mean AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.81). In this combined model, among the top ten discriminating features, four were urine chemistries and six NMR-quantified metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Although NMR-quantified metabolites did not improve discrimination, several urine metabolic profiles were identified that may improve understanding of kidney stone pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Vuckovic
- Metabolomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Lisa E. Vaughan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Slobodan Macura
- Metabolomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nicholas B. Larson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matthew R. D’Costa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - John C. Lieske
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew D. Rule
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Division of Epidemiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aleksandar Denic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Raj CT D, Palaninathan V, James RA. Anti-uropathogenic, antioxidant and struvite crystallization inhibitory potential of fresh and fermented coconut water. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu Y, Bi S, Li H, Shi J, Xia Y, Niu K, Bai S. Association between tea intake and hospitalized nephrolithiasis in Chinese adults: A case–control study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1014491. [PMID: 36245504 PMCID: PMC9554430 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1014491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and aim Nephrolithiasis is one of the most common urological disorders worldwide. Tea is one of the most popular drinks worldwide. This study aimed to explore the association between tea intake and hospitalized nephrolithiasis in Chinese adults. Methods The patients and healthy participants were from the Shenyang sub-cohort of Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study. After selecting and matching by age (±1 year) and sex using the 1:2 ratio, 834 participants were included in this study. Of these, 278 patients had hospitalized nephrolithiasis and 556 were healthy controls. The tea intake was assessed using a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between tea intake and hospitalized nephrolithiasis. Results After adjustment, a higher frequency of tea intake was found to be negatively associated with the risk of hospitalized nephrolithiasis. Compared with participants who never drank tea, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) [OR (95% CI)] for participants who drank ≥1 cup (180 mL) of tea per day was 0.418 (0.192–0.911) (P for trend = 0.013). Moreover, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for participants who drank ≥1 cup of green tea and black tea per day was 0.189 (0.069–0.520) (P for trend <0.001) and 1.248 (0.437–3.559) (P for trend = 0.654), respectively. Conclusions Increased tea intake was found to be associated with a lower risk of hospitalized nephrolithiasis among Chinese adults. This finding may assist in the prevention of hospitalized nephrolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiyuan Bi
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hexiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianxiu Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Bai
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Song Bai,
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Dai JC, Pearle MS. Diet and Stone Disease in 2022. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164740. [PMID: 36012979 PMCID: PMC9410446 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a central role in the development and prevention of nephrolithiasis. Although pharmacologic treatment may be required for some patients who are resistant to dietary measures alone, dietary modification may be sufficient to modulate stone risk for many patients. While there is no single specialized diet for stone prevention, several dietary principles and recommendations for stone prevention are supported by practice guidelines, including adequate fluid intake, modest calcium intake, low dietary sodium, and limited animal protein. In this review, we summarized the evidence supporting these dietary recommendations and reviewed the current literature regarding specific dietary components and comprehensive diets for stone prevention.
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Zhao J, Huang Y, Yu X. Caffeine intake and the risk of incident kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:2457-2466. [PMID: 35829948 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney stone disease is increasingly common in the general population, with a high recurrence rate after stone removal. It has been proven that caffeine consumption can reduce the risk of diseases, such as stroke and dementia. However, the effect of caffeine intake on the incidence of kidney stones has not been determined. This systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the association of caffeine intake with the risk of incident kidney stones. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and Google Scholar were searched using terms related to coffee, caffeine and kidney stones to find eligible articles up to December 2021. Articles with clear diagnostic criteria for kidney stone disease and the exact intake dose of caffeine were included. The incidence of kidney stone disease was the main outcome. Summarized risk estimates and 95% CIs for the highest and lowest categories of caffeine intake were calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS Seven studies were included in the final meta-analysis, with 9707 cases of kidney stones and a total of 772,290 cohort members. Compared with the lowest category of caffeine intake, the pooled relative risk (RR) was 0.68 ([95% CI 0.61-0.75], I2 = 57%) for the highest category of caffeine intake. Subgroup analyses showed that caffeine intake had an inverse relationship with the incidence of kidney stones in all subgroups. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a higher caffeine intake may be associated with a lower risk of incident kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Zhao
- Department of General Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yiqin Huang
- Department of General Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- Department of General Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Hu Y, Cai X, Zhang N, Li Y, Mao Y, Ge S, Yao Y, Gao H. Relation Between Dietary Carotenoid Intake, Serum Concentration, and Mortality Risk of CKD Patients Among US Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2014. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:871767. [PMID: 35872751 PMCID: PMC9304649 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.871767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence on the relationship between carotenoids and chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are limited and controversial. Methods Data were obtained from the Nutrition and Health Examination Survey (NHANES) database and the NHANES Linked Mortality File, both from a nationally representative sample. Dietary intake was assessed through 24-h dietary recall, and information was available both on dietary and serum α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin (combined) through the NHANES cycles used. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate the risk for all-cause mortality associated with carotene intakes and serum levels, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results Of the 6,095 CKD participants, 1,924 subjects died (mean follow-up time, 8.1 years). After eliminating all the confounding factors, we found that high levels of total carotene (HR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.75-0.97, P = 0.011) intakes at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of death. And the serum concentrations of carotenoid were also showing that a-carotene (HR = 0.77, 95%CI, 0.65–0.92, P = 0.002), beta-cryptoxanthin (HR = 0.83, 95%CI, 0.70–0.98, P = 0.019), lycopene (HR = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.65–0.91, P = 0.002), and lutein + zeaxanthin (HR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.70–0.96, P = 0.002) was significantly associated with decreased all-cause mortality of CKD patients. The associations remained similar in the sensitivity analyses. Conclusion Findings suggest that high-level carotene dietary intake and the serum concentration were associated with a lower risk of mortality in the CKD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nanhui Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang No.1 Peoples Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuwang Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shuwang Ge
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ying Yao
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hui Gao
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Asoudeh F, Talebi S, Jayedi A, Marx W, Najafi MT, Mohammadi H. Associations of Total Protein or Animal Protein Intake and Animal Protein Sources with Risk of Kidney Stones: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:821-832. [PMID: 35179185 PMCID: PMC9156392 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted the present systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of total protein, animal protein, and animal protein sources with risk of kidney stones in the general population. A literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and EMBASE up to July 2021. We assessed the credibility of evidence based on NutriGrade scoring system. A total of 14 prospective cohort studies were included. A positive association was observed between higher intake of nondairy animal protein (RR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.20; I2 = 0%, n = 4), total meat and meat products (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.38; I2 = 13%, n = 3), and processed meat (RR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.51; I2 = 0%, n = 2) with risk of kidney stones. There was an inverse association between higher intake of dairy protein and risk of kidney stones (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.99; I2 = 0%, n = 4). Moreover, each 100-gincrement of red meat intake was significantly associated with increased risk of kidney stones (RR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.71). According to the NutriGrade scoring system, the credibility of evidence for most of the exposures was rated as low. We found some kind of publication bias in the association of animal protein intake and risk of kidney stones, according to Egger's and Begg's tests. In the sensitivity analysis of processed meat as well as dairy consumption with risk of kidney stones we observed in each individual analysis, 1 study changed the overall estimate. Further observational studies are needed to confirm the present results. The protocol of the present study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42021230125: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Asoudeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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D'Ambrosio V, Moochhala S, Unwin RJ, Ferraro PM. Why is diagnosis, investigation and improved management of kidney stone disease important? Non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments for nephrolithiasis. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:407-414. [PMID: 35612529 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2082943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Progress in the medical treatment and management of nephrolithiasis has been limited to date and continues to depend on urinary metabolic screening to assess excretion of the main stone constituents, factors determining stone solubility and precipitation, and on dietary and lifestyle recommendations. AREAS COVERED In this review, we try to highlight some of the broader aspects of kidney stone disease in relation to recent epidemiological and pathophysiological findings, and emerging new treatments. Specifically, this review will cover recent evidence on the association between metabolic risk factors and kidney stone disease, dietary risk factors and dietary interventions to prevent kidney stones, and how genomics, metabolomics and proteomics may improve diagnosis and treatment of this troublesome, if rarely fatal, condition. PubMed was used to identify the most suitable references according to our search strategy; only full manuscripts were included. EXPERT OPINION What is emerging is that kidney stone disease is not an isolated disorder, but is systemic in nature with links to important and common co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. These associations support the need to take nephrolithiasis seriously as a medical condition and to adopt a more holistic approach to its investigation and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shabbir Moochhala
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital Trust and Division of Medicine, University College London UK
| | - Robert J Unwin
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital Trust and Division of Medicine, University College London UK
| | - Pietro M Ferraro
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.,U.O.S. Terapia Conservativa della Malattia Renale Cronica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
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Trigonelline prevents kidney stone formation processes by inhibiting calcium oxalate crystallization, growth and crystal-cell adhesion, and downregulating crystal receptors. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112876. [PMID: 35367760 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigonelline is the second most abundant bioactive alkaloid found in coffee. It is classified as a phytoestrogen with similar structure as of estradiol and exhibits an estrogenic effect. A previous study has reported that fenugreek seed extract rich with trigonelline can reduce renal crystal deposition in ethylene glycol-induced nephrolithiatic rats. However, direct evidence of such anti-lithogenic effects of trigonelline and underlying mechanisms have not previously been reported. Our study therefore addressed the protective effects and mechanisms of trigonelline against kidney stone-forming processes using crystallization, crystal growth, aggregation and crystal-cell adhesion assays. Also, proteomics was applied to identify changes in receptors for calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), the most common stone-forming crystal, on apical membranes of trigonelline-treated renal tubular cells. The analyses revealed that trigonelline significantly reduced COM crystal size, number and mass during crystallization. Additionally, trigonelline dose-dependently inhibited crystal growth and crystal-cell adhesion, but did not affect crystal aggregation. Mass spectrometric protein identification showed the smaller number of COM crystal receptors on apical membranes of the trigonelline-treated cells. Western blotting confirmed the decreased levels of some of these crystal receptors by trigonelline. These data highlight the protective mechanisms of trigonelline against kidney stone development by inhibiting COM crystallization, crystal growth and crystal-cell adhesion via downregulation of the crystal receptors on apical membranes of renal tubular cells.
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Abstract
A significant increase in the prevalence of kidney stones has been observed worldwide. In the past decades, this expansion was more pronounced among women than men. The precise mechanisms involved in the differences in the risk profile of stone disease between men and women have not been fully elucidated. Diet and lifestyle only partially can explain the differences, and the combination of factors such as the influence of sex hormones, genetics, and disorders in acid-base handling and urine pH, as well as differences in calcium tubular reabsorption and stone composition in men and women, may contribute to differences in the risk profile. In this review, we summarize the sex differences in the pathophysiologic basis of kidney stones, which may contribute to a more focused approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Manuel Ferraro
- U.O.S. Terapia Conservativa della Malattia Renale Cronica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Gary C Curhan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Ferraro PM, Taylor EN, Curhan GC. Factors associated with sex differences in the risk of kidney stones. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2022; 38:177-183. [PMID: 35138394 PMCID: PMC9869853 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men are at higher risk of developing stones compared with women; however, recent data suggest a changing epidemiology, with women being relatively more affected than before. METHODS To estimate the proportion of excess risk among men, we analysed data from large cohorts (Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Nurses' Health Study I and II). Kidney stone incidence rates were computed and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) generated with age-adjusted Cox proportional regression models. Mediation analysis estimated the excess risk for men explained by risk factors, including waist circumference, high blood pressure, diabetes, use of thiazides and dietary intake. The 24-h urine composition was also examined. RESULTS The analysis included 268 553 participants, contributing 5 872 249 person-years of follow-up. A total of 10 302 incident stones were confirmed and the overall incidence rate was 271 and 159 per 100 000 person-years for men and women, respectively. The age-adjusted HR was 2.32 (95% CI 2.20, 2.45) and the risk of stones was consistently higher across categories of age (HRs ranging from 2.02 to 2.76) for men compared with women. The risk remained higher among men, but tended to decrease over time (48.1%), while it increased among women. Urine supersaturations for calcium oxalate and uric acid were higher among men, primarily because of higher oxalate (26.3%), uric acid (16.3%), phosphate (23.5%) and lower pH. CONCLUSIONS The risk of kidney stones is higher among men and this difference is only partly explained by lifestyle risk factors; differences in urine chemistries explain a substantial fraction of the excess risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric N Taylor
- Renal Division and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Section of Nephrology, VA Maine Healthcare System, Augusta, ME, USA
| | - Gary C Curhan
- Renal Division and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kozachok S, Kolodziejczyk-Czepas J, Marchyshyn S, Wojtanowski KK, Zgórka G, Oleszek W. Comparison of Phenolic Metabolites in Purified Extracts of Three Wild-Growing Herniaria L. Species and Their Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities In Vitro. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020530. [PMID: 35056848 PMCID: PMC8779723 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The work is aimed at phytochemical characterization and In Vitro evaluation of antioxidant actions, anti-inflammatory effects, and cytotoxicity of purified extracts from three rupturewort (Herniaria L.) species, i.e., Herniaria glabra (HG), H. polygama (HP), and H. incana herb (HIh). The total phenolic content established in the purified extracts (PEs) of HIh, HP, and HG was 29.6, 24.0, and 13.0%, respectively. Thirty-eight non-saponin metabolites were identified using LC-HR-QTOF-ESI-MS; however, only 9 were common for the studied Herniaria species. The most abundant phenolic compound in HG-PE was narcissin (7.4%), HP-PE shared 3 major constituents, namely cis-2-hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid 2-O-β-glucoside (cis-GMCA, 5.8%), narcissin (5.4%), and rutin (5.3%). Almost half of HIh phenolic content (14.7%) belonged to oxytroflavoside A (7-O-methylkaempferol-3-O-[3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-(1→6)]-[α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-galactopyranoside). Antioxidant properties of the Herniaria PEs were evaluated employing an experimental model of human blood plasma, exposed to the peroxynitrite-induced oxidative stress. The assays demonstrated significant reduction of oxidative damage to protein and lipid plasma components (estimated by measurements of 3-nitrotyrosine, protein thiol groups, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), and moderate protection of its non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity. Anti-inflammatory properties of the Herniaria PEs were evaluated In Vitro as inhibitory effects against cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and -2) and concanavalin A-induced inflammatory response of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). None of the studied plants showed inhibitory effects on COXs but all purified extracts partly reduced the release of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) from PBMCs, which suggested their prospective ability to up-regulate inflammatory response of the cells. The purified extract from H. glabra turned out to be the most efficient suppressor of PBMCs’ inflammatory response. Additionally, cytotoxicity of purified Herniaria extracts on PBMCs was ruled out based on In Vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomiia Kozachok
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (J.K.-C.); Tel.: +48-814-786-882 (S.K.); +48-42-635-44-83 (J.K.-C.)
| | - Joanna Kolodziejczyk-Czepas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (J.K.-C.); Tel.: +48-814-786-882 (S.K.); +48-42-635-44-83 (J.K.-C.)
| | - Svitlana Marchyshyn
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Maidan Voli 1, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| | - Krzysztof Kamil Wojtanowski
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Grażyna Zgórka
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Wieslaw Oleszek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
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