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Behary P, Alessimii H, Miras AD, Tharakan G, Alexiadou K, Aldhwayan MM, Purkayastha S, Moorthy K, Ahmed AR, Bloom SR, Tan TM. Tripeptide gut hormone infusion does not alter food preferences or sweet taste function in volunteers with obesity and prediabetes/diabetes but promotes restraint eating: A secondary analysis of a randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:1731-1739. [PMID: 36811311 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether the elevation in postprandial concentrations of the gut hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), oxyntomodulin (OXM) and peptide YY (PYY) accounts for the beneficial changes in food preferences, sweet taste function and eating behaviour after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a randomized single-blind study in which we infused GLP-1, OXM, PYY (GOP) or 0.9% saline subcutaneously for 4 weeks in 24 subjects with obesity and prediabetes/diabetes, to replicate their peak postprandial concentrations, as measured at 1 month in a matched RYGB cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01945840). A 4-day food diary and validated eating behaviour questionnaires were completed. Sweet taste detection was measured using the method of constant stimuli. Correct sucrose identification (corrected hit rates) was recorded, and sweet taste detection thresholds (EC50s: half maximum effective concencration values) were derived from concentration curves. The intensity and consummatory reward value of sweet taste were assessed using the generalized Labelled Magnitude Scale. RESULTS Mean daily energy intake was reduced by 27% with GOP but no significant changes in food preferences were observed, whereas a reduction in fat and increase in protein intake were seen post-RYGB. There was no change in corrected hit rates or detection thresholds for sucrose detection following GOP infusion. Additionally, GOP did not alter the intensity or consummatory reward value of sweet taste. A significant reduction in restraint eating, comparable to the RYGB group was observed with GOP. CONCLUSION The elevation in plasma GOP concentrations after RYGB is unlikely to mediate changes in food preferences and sweet taste function after surgery but may promote restraint eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeshila Behary
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Haya Alessimii
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - George Tharakan
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Kleopatra Alexiadou
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Madhawi M Aldhwayan
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjay Purkayastha
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Krishna Moorthy
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Ahmed R Ahmed
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen R Bloom
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tricia M Tan
- Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Nielsen MS, Schmidt JB, le Roux CW, Sjödin A. Effects of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy on Food Preferences and Potential Mechanisms Involved. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:292-300. [PMID: 31222526 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bariatric surgery leads to a substantial decrease in energy intake. It is unclear whether this decrease in energy intake is simply due to eating smaller portions of the same food items or a shift in food preference towards less energy-dense foods. This review evaluates the existing literature on changes in food preferences after bariatric surgery and the potential mechanisms involved. RECENT FINDINGS Changes in food preferences have been reported; however, the evidence is mainly based on indirect measurements, such as self-reporting. When changes in food preferences are directly assessed, results contradict previous findings, indicating that results based on self-reporting must be interpreted with caution as they do not necessarily reflect actual behaviour. However, it seems that there could be inter-individual differences in the response to surgery. Future studies investigating changes in food preferences should not only focus on direct measured of behaviour but should also consider the heterogeneity of the response after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette S Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science (Obesity research), University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
- The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Julie B Schmidt
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science (Obesity research), University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Investigative Science, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anders Sjödin
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science (Obesity research), University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Vertical sleeve gastrectomy in adolescents reduces the appetitive reward value of a sweet and fatty reinforcer in a progressive ratio task. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2019; 15:194-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abdeen GN, Miras AD, Alqhatani AR, le Roux CW. Sugar Detection Threshold After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Adolescents. Obes Surg 2017; 28:1302-1307. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2999-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Various bariatric surgical procedures are effective at improving health in patients with obesity associated co-morbidities, but the aim of this review is to specifically describe the mechanisms through which Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery enables weight loss for obese patients using observations from both human and animal studies. Perhaps most but not all clinicians would agree that the beneficial effects outweigh the harm of RYGB; however, the mechanisms for both the beneficial and deleterious (for example postprandial hypoglycaemia, vitamin deficiency and bone loss) effects are ill understood. The exaggerated release of the satiety gut hormones, such as GLP-1 and PYY, with their central and peripheral effects on food intake has given new insight into the physiological changes that happen after surgery. The initial enthusiasm after the discovery of the role of the gut hormones following RYGB may need to be tempered as the magnitude of the effects of these hormonal responses on weight loss may have been overestimated. The physiological changes after RYGB are unlikely to be due to a single hormone, or single mechanism, but most likely involve complex gut-brain signalling. Understanding the mechanisms involved with the beneficial and deleterious effects of RYGB will speed up the development of effective, cheaper and safer surgical and non-surgical treatments for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Abdeen
- Investigative Science, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - C W le Roux
- Investigative Science, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Gastrosurgical Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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