1
|
Baskar S, Schoeneich R, Baskar A, Grewal US. Leveraging Patient Education to Amplify Colorectal Cancer Screening in the United States: Strategies and Implications. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2024:10.1007/s13187-024-02482-1. [PMID: 39060864 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-024-02482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Despite several available screening modalities, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer deaths, especially among populations with lower screening rates. Barriers to screening include cost, access, awareness, and education disparities, with interventions such as patient education programs and mailed screening kits showing promise in increasing participation rates. The current review elucidates the correlation between patient awareness/knowledge and screening rates in the United States, highlighting the pivotal role of education in mitigating these deficiencies. Different educational models, including online resources, mailed information, community programs, direct provider-based interventions, and narratives, are explored in terms of their effectiveness and limitations. We also offer a blueprint for primary care providers (PCPs) that highlights the importance of tailored education, barrier identification, and utilization of available resources to enhance CRC screening uptake. Large-scale adoption of educational strategies has the potential to significantly increase CRC screening rates and consequently reduce mortality associated with this preventable malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suriya Baskar
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Robert Schoeneich
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adhithya Baskar
- St. Matthew's University School of Medicine, George Town, Cayman Islands
| | - Udhayvir Singh Grewal
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elshami M, Albandak M, Alser M, Al-Slaibi I, Ayyad M, Dwikat MF, Naji SA, Mohamad BM, Isleem WS, Shurrab A, Yaghi B, Ayyash Qabaja Y, Hamdan FK, Sweity RR, Jneed RT, Assaf KA, Hmaid MM, Awwad II, Alhabil BK, Alarda MN, Alsattari AS, Aboyousef MS, Aljbour OA, AlSharif R, Giacaman CT, Alnaga AY, Abu Nemer RM, Almadhoun NM, Skaik SM, Albarqi SI, Abu-El-Noor N, Bottcher B. Differences in colorectal cancer awareness between screening eligible vs. ineligible Palestinians: a national cross-sectional study. Eur J Public Health 2024:ckae083. [PMID: 38745392 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckae083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare colorectal cancer (CRC) awareness between screening-eligible and ineligible individuals in Palestine. METHODS Convenience sampling was utilized to recruit Palestinian adults from diverse settings, including hospitals, primary healthcare centers and public spaces across 11 governorates. The evaluation of CRC awareness in terms of signs/symptoms, risk factors and causation myths was conducted using Arabic-translated, modified versions of the validated instruments, the Bowel Cancer Awareness Measure and the Cancer Awareness Measure-Mythical Causes Scale. RESULTS The final analysis included 2698 participants, with 2158 (80.9%) eligible for CRC screening and 540 (19.1%) ineligible for it. The most recognized CRC sign/symptom was 'lump in the abdomen' in both screening-eligible (n = 386, 71.5%) and ineligible (n = 1582, 73.3%) groups. 'Lack of physical activity' was the most recognized risk factor in both groups (eligible: n = 451, 83.5%; ineligible: n = 1766, 81.8%). The most reported causation myth in both groups was 'having a physical trauma' (eligible: n = 340, 63.0%; ineligible: n = 1353, 62.7%). In the screening-eligible group, only 210 participants (38.9%) demonstrated high awareness of CRC signs/symptoms, 213 participants (39.4%) showed high awareness of CRC risk factors and only 46 participants (8.5%) displayed high awareness of CRC causation myths. There were no significant associations between being eligible for screening colonoscopy and the awareness levels of CRC signs/symptoms, risk factors and causation myths. CONCLUSION Overall, awareness levels of CRC signs/symptoms, risk factors and causation myths were notably low among screening-eligible participants. There were no differences in awareness levels between individuals eligible for colonoscopy and those who were not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Maram Albandak
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mohammed Alser
- The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Mohammed Ayyad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mohammad F Dwikat
- Faculty of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Shoruq A Naji
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Balqees M Mohamad
- Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières), Hebron, Palestine
| | - Wejdan S Isleem
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Bashar Yaghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Fatma K Hamdan
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Raneen R Sweity
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Remah T Jneed
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Khayria A Assaf
- Faculty of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammed M Hmaid
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Iyas I Awwad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Marah N Alarda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | | | | | - Omar A Aljbour
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Rinad AlSharif
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Ali Y Alnaga
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Ranin M Abu Nemer
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | | | - Sondos M Skaik
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | | | - Bettina Bottcher
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Al-Sawat A, Alsuwat MS, Alotaibi RH, Thobaiti TKA, Alamri YM, Almalki SM, Alkhamash MOM, Alsofiany E. Insights into Colorectal Cancer Screening Awareness: A Study in the Community of Taif City. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1667-S1672. [PMID: 38882776 PMCID: PMC11174211 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1294_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prevalent among Saudi males and females. Understanding its symptoms, risk factors, and screening is vital. This study aims to gauge CRC awareness in Taif City, Saudi Arabia, based on demographics. An observational study in Taif City surveyed awareness on colorectal screening, gathering data from March-April 2023 via a questionnaire covering demographics, screening knowledge, symptoms, and risk factors. Involving 551 participants, most were 19-40 years old (59.2%), female (65.9%), and had a bachelor's degree (71.3%). Notably, 49.2% hadn't visited a family doctor. Awareness on CRC screening was low. 37.7% knew about fecal occult blood tests, 32.7% about sigmoidoscopy, and 34.8% about colonoscopy. Only 27.6% knew the recommended screening age, and 2.4% the frequency. Participants sought information mainly online (45.7%) or from friends (24.1%). Recognized risk factors included family history (57.0%), blood in stool (58.8%), and abdominal pain (47.9%). The study highlights inadequate awareness about CRC screening in Taif. It underscores the necessity for targeted education campaigns, collaboration with healthcare professionals, and diverse information sources to improve understanding among the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al-Sawat
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alsuwat
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh H Alotaibi
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Yazan M Alamri
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan M Almalki
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Eman Alsofiany
- Department General Surgery, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Putranto R, Shatri H, Irawan C, Gondhowiardjo S, Finkelstein E, Malhotra C, Ozdemir S, Teo I, Yang GM. The association of prognostic awareness with quality of life, spiritual well-being, psychological distress, and pain severity in patients with advanced cancer: Results from the APPROACH Study in Indonesia. Palliat Support Care 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38450453 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951524000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Advanced cancer patients' understanding of their illness is key for making informed treatment decisions. Despite the known importance of patients' awareness of their disease prognosis, it is debatable whether this awareness is positively, negatively, or not associated with clinical and psychological outcomes among patients with advanced cancer. This paper aims to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with prognostic awareness and its association with quality of life (QoL), spiritual well-being, pain control, and psychological distress in patients with advanced cancer in Indonesia. METHODS This cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was part of a multicountry study titled "Asian Patient Perspectives Regarding Oncology Awareness, Care and Health (APPROACH)." Patients were asked what they knew about their cancer and treatment. QoL and spiritual well-being were measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G) and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Spiritual Well-being (FACIT-Sp) questionnaire. Psychological distress experienced by patients was recorded via the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Pain severity was also assessed. Data from 160 patients were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models. RESULTS Of the 160 patients who participated, 55 (34.4%) were unaware of their cancer stage. Those who were aware of their stage of cancer were younger than those who were not aware (45.7 years vs 50.4 years, p = .015). There was no significant difference in spiritual well-being and other domains of QoL between those who were aware and those who were not aware of their advanced cancer stage. There was also no significant difference in anxiety depression or pain severity, even after adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics. SIGNIFICANT OF RESULTS Given the high prevalence of patients who wrongly thought their cancer was curable, more could be done to improve disease and prognostic understanding among patients with advanced cancer in Indonesia. Those who were aware of their advanced cancer stage did not have a poorer QoL, nor did they have more anxiety or depression than those who were unaware. This finding suggests that concerns about the negative impact of prognostic disclosure may be unfounded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rudi Putranto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hamzah Shatri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Cosphiadi Irawan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Soehartati Gondhowiardjo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Eric Finkelstein
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Chetna Malhotra
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Semra Ozdemir
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Irene Teo
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| | - Grace Meijuan Yang
- Lien Centre for Palliative Care, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Atarere J, Naqvi H, Haas C, Adewunmi C, Bandaru S, Allamneni R, Ugonabo O, Egbo O, Umoren M, Kanth P. Applicability of Online Chat-Based Artificial Intelligence Models to Colorectal Cancer Screening. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:791-797. [PMID: 38267726 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past year, studies have shown potential in the applicability of ChatGPT in various medical specialties including cardiology and oncology. However, the application of ChatGPT and other online chat-based AI models to patient education and patient-physician communication on colorectal cancer screening has not been critically evaluated which is what we aimed to do in this study. METHODS We posed 15 questions on important colorectal cancer screening concepts and 5 common questions asked by patients to the 3 most commonly used freely available artificial intelligence (AI) models. The responses provided by the AI models were graded for appropriateness and reliability using American College of Gastroenterology guidelines. The responses to each question provided by an AI model were graded as reliably appropriate (RA), reliably inappropriate (RI) and unreliable. Grader assessments were validated by the joint probability of agreement for two raters. RESULTS ChatGPT and YouChat™ provided RA responses to the questions posed more often than BingChat. There were two questions that > 1 AI model provided unreliable responses to. ChatGPT did not provide references. BingChat misinterpreted some of the information it referenced. The age of CRC screening provided by YouChat™ was not consistently up-to-date. Inter-rater reliability for 2 raters was 89.2%. CONCLUSION Most responses provided by AI models on CRC screening were appropriate. Some limitations exist in their ability to correctly interpret medical literature and provide updated information in answering queries. Patients should consult their physicians for context on the recommendations made by these AI models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Atarere
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Haider Naqvi
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Christopher Haas
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Comfort Adewunmi
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sumanth Bandaru
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rakesh Allamneni
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, 201 East University Pkwy, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Onyinye Ugonabo
- Department of Medicine, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Olachi Egbo
- Department of Medicine, Aurora Medical Center, Oshkosh, WI, USA
| | - Mfoniso Umoren
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Priyanka Kanth
- Division of Gastroenterology, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elshami M, Albandak M, Alser M, Al-Slaibi I, Ayyad M, Dwikat MF, Naji SA, Mohamad BM, Isleem WS, Shurrab A, Yaghi B, Qabaja YA, Hamdan FK, Sweity RR, Jneed RT, Assaf KA, Hmaid MM, Awwad II, Alhabil BK, Alarda MN, Alsattari AS, Aboyousef MS, Aljbour OA, AlSharif R, Giacaman CT, Alnaga AY, Abu Nemer RM, Almadhoun NM, Skaik SM, Albarqi SI, Abu-El-Noor N, Bottcher B. Screening Perspectives: The Role of Colorectal Cancer Awareness in Shaping Attitudes Toward Colonoscopy in Palestine. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300470. [PMID: 38386956 PMCID: PMC10898669 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess colorectal cancer (CRC) awareness and its influence on attitudes toward colonoscopy in Palestine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Convenience sampling was used to recruit Palestinian adults from hospitals, primary health care centers, and public spaces across 11 governorates. To evaluate the awareness of CRC signs/symptoms, risk factors, and mythical causes, the Bowel Cancer Awareness Measure and Cancer Awareness Measure-Mythical Causes Scale were used after translation into Arabic. For each correctly recognized item, one point was given. The total awareness score of each domain was calculated and categorized into tertiles; the top tertile was considered high awareness, and the other two tertiles were considered low awareness. RESULTS A total of 4,623 questionnaires were included. Only 1,849 participants (40.0%) exhibited high awareness of CRC signs/symptoms. High awareness of CRC symptoms was associated with higher likelihood of showing positive attitudes toward colonoscopy (odds ratio [OR], 1.21 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.37]). A total of 1,840 participants (38.9%) demonstrated high awareness of CRC risk factors. Participants with high awareness of CRC risk factors were more likely to display positive attitudes toward colonoscopy (OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.37]). Only 219 participants (4.7%) demonstrated high awareness of CRC causation myths. There was no association between awareness of CRC causation myths and positive attitudes toward colonoscopy. CONCLUSION Awareness of CRC was poor with less than half of the study participants demonstrating high awareness of CRC signs/symptoms and risk factors, and a minority (<5%) displaying high awareness of CRC causation myths. High awareness of CRC signs/symptoms and risk factors was associated with greater likelihood of demonstrating positive attitudes toward colonoscopy. Educational initiatives are needed to address knowledge gaps and dispel misconceptions surrounding CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Maram Albandak
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mohammed Alser
- The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Mohammed Ayyad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Shoruq A. Naji
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Wejdan S. Isleem
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Bashar Yaghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Fatma K. Hamdan
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Remah T. Jneed
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Khayria A. Assaf
- Faculty of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | - Iyas I. Awwad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Marah N. Alarda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | | | | | - Omar A. Aljbour
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Rinad AlSharif
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Ali Y. Alnaga
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Ranin M. Abu Nemer
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | - Bettina Bottcher
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Olyani S, Ebrahimipour H, Mahdizadeh Taraghdari M, Jamali J, Peyman N. Colorectal Cancer Awareness and Related Factors Among Adults Attending Primary Healthcare in North-Eastern of Iran: A Cross-sectional Study. J Res Health Sci 2023; 23:e00589. [PMID: 38315904 PMCID: PMC10660502 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2023.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer in Iran. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness regarding CRC warning signs, risk factors, screening program, and related factors among adults in North-Eastern Iran. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. METHODS The multi-stage sampling method was used to survey 2614 participants attending primary healthcare centers in Mashhad, Iran. The data collection tools were the demographics section and Bowel/ CRC Awareness Measure (Bowel/Colorectal CAM). The data were analyzed by SPSS, version 25. The significance level of the data analysis was less than 0.05. RESULTS Mean awareness for CRC warning signs and CRC risk factors were 2.85±2.13 and 3.63±1.85, respectively. Most participants (97.2%) had no awareness of the CRC screening program. There was a significant association between marital status, education, job, income, and family history of CRC with awareness of warning signs (P<0.001); moreover, there was a significant association between age, education, job, income, and family history of CRC with awareness of risk factors (P<0.001). The results of logistic regression indicated that there was a significant association between age (P=0.022, OR=1.794, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.087, 2.962), gender (P=0.005, OR=0.488, 95% CI: 0.296, 0.803) and warning sign awareness (P<0.001, OR=1.278, 95% CI: 1.124, 1.454) with awareness of the CRC screening program. CONCLUSION In this study, most of the participants had low awareness of CRC. More aimed educational interventions are needed to promote Iranian adults' awareness of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Olyani
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Ebrahimipour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Health Economic and Management Sciences, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrsadat Mahdizadeh Taraghdari
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid Jamali
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Peyman
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Silwal A, Zelaya CM, Francis DB. Beliefs Underlying Colorectal Cancer Information Seeking Among Young Black Adults: a Reasoned Action Approach Elicitation Study. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2023; 38:1010-1018. [PMID: 36114999 PMCID: PMC9483458 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-022-02224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer in younger adults is more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage. Furthermore, younger Black adults are more likely to be diagnosed with and die from colorectal cancer than younger White adults. Given these persistent racial disparities, urgent attention is needed to increase colorectal cancer awareness and information seeking among young Black adults. Guided by the reasoned action approach, the purpose of this study was to identify behavioral, normative, and control beliefs that influence general colorectal cancer information seeking, talking to a healthcare provider about colorectal cancer, and talking to family about cancer history. The sample included N = 194 participants; Mage = 28.00 (SD = 5.48). Thirty-one percent had ever searched for colorectal cancer information. We identified salient educational advantages to seeking information about colorectal cancer and talking to healthcare providers and family members about cancer history. Barriers included fear, misinformation, low priority, inaccessibility of information, and lack of interest or willingness. This is one of the few studies to investigate cancer communication behaviors among young Black adults. The findings can inform interventions to motivate engagement in cancer communication behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Silwal
- College of Communication and Information, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Carina M Zelaya
- Department of Communication, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Diane B Francis
- Department of Communication, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elshami M, Ayyad M, Hamdan FK, Alser M, Al-Slaibi I, Naji SA, Mohamad BM, Isleem WS, Shurrab A, Yaghi B, Qabaja YA, Dwikat MF, Sweity RR, Jneed RT, Assaf KA, Albandak ME, Hmaid MM, Awwad II, Alhabil BK, Alarda MN, Alsattari AS, Aboyousef MS, Aljbour OA, AlSharif R, Giacaman CT, Alnaga AY, Nemer RMA, Almadhoun NM, Skaik SM, Abu-El-Noor N, Bottcher B. Perceived barriers to early presentation and symptom-specific time to seek medical advice for possible colorectal cancer symptoms among Palestinians. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6871. [PMID: 37105988 PMCID: PMC10140026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the anticipated time to seek medical advice for possible colorectal cancer (CRC) signs/symptoms and its association with CRC symptom awareness. In addition, it examined perceived barriers that may delay seeking medical advice. Palestinian adults were recruited from hospitals, primary healthcare centers, and public spaces in 11 governorates. A modified, translated-into-Arabic version of the validated Bowel Cancer Awareness Measure was used. The questionnaire comprised three sections: sociodemographics, assessment of CRC symptom awareness and time to seek medical advice, and barriers to early presentation. A total of 4623 participants were included. The proportion that reported seeking immediate medical advice for possible CRC signs/symptoms with blood or mass ranged from 47.1% for 'blood in stools' to 59.5% for 'bleeding from back passage'. Less than half of the participants reported immediate seeking of medical advice for non-specific symptoms (ranging from 5.4% for 'loss of appetite' to 42.0% for 'anemia') and other gastrointestinal symptoms (ranging from 7.7% for 'feeling persistently full' to 35.7% for 'change in bowel habits'). Good CRC symptom awareness was associated with higher likelihood of seeking medical advice within a week from recognizing a CRC symptom. About 13.0% reported a delay to visit their doctor after recognizing a CRC symptom. The most reported barriers were practical with 'would try some herbs first' (50.9%) as the leading barrier. CRC symptoms with blood or mass prompted earlier help seeking. Participants with good CRC awareness were more likely to seek medical advice within a week.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Lakeside 7100, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine.
| | - Mohammed Ayyad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Mohammed Alser
- The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in The Near East (UNRWA), Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bashar Yaghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | - Khayria Ali Assaf
- Faculty of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | | | - Iyas Imad Awwad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rinad AlSharif
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | - Sondos Mahmoud Skaik
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds Abu Dis University Al-Azhar Branch of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Bettina Bottcher
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Segura A, Siddique SM. Reducing disparities and achieving health equity in colorectal cancer screening. TECHNIQUES AND INNOVATIONS IN GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY 2023; 25:284-296. [PMID: 37808233 PMCID: PMC10554575 DOI: 10.1016/j.tige.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Increases in colorectal cancer screening are linked to the declining incidence of the disease over the past three decades. These favorable trends, however, are not observed in marginalized racial and ethnic populations with disproportionately lower rates of screening, higher disease incidence, and increased mortality despite advances in health technology and policy. This review describes the differences in screening uptake and test selection amongst racial and ethnic groups, discusses known obstacles and facilitators that impact screening, and highlights existing frameworks developed to achieve health equity in colorectal cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Segura
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Shazia Mehmood Siddique
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania
- Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qian Z, Chen X, Pucheril D, Al Khatib K, Lucas M, Nguyen DD, McNabb-Baltar J, Lipsitz SR, Melnitchouk N, Cole AP, Trinh QD. Long-Term Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Colorectal Cancer Screening in Its Targeted Population. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:1780-1790. [PMID: 36600118 PMCID: PMC9812352 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer screening continuously decreased its mortality and incidence. In 2010, the Affordable Care Act extended Medicaid eligibility to low-income and childless adults. Some states elected to adopt Medicaid at different times while others chose not to. Past studies on the effects of Medicaid expansion on colorectal cancer screening showed equivocal results based on short-term data following expansion. AIMS To examine the long-term impact of Medicaid expansion on colorectal cancer screening among its targeted population at its decade mark. METHODS Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were extracted for childless adults below 138% federal poverty level in states with different Medicaid expansion statuses from 2012 to 2020. States were stratified into very early expansion states, early expansion states, late expansion states, and non-expansion states. Colorectal cancer screening prevalence was determined for eligible respondents. Difference-in-differences analyses were used to examine the effect of Medicaid expansion on colorectal cancer screening in states with different expansion statuses. RESULTS Colorectal cancer screening prevalence in very early, early, late, and non-expansion states all increased during the study period (40.45% vs. 48.14%, 47.52% vs 61.06%, 46.06% vs 58.92%, and 43.44% vs 56.70%). Difference-in-differences analysis showed significantly increased CRC screening prevalence in very early expansion states during 2016 compared to non-expansion states (Crude difference-in-differences + 16.45%, p = 0.02, Adjusted difference-in-differences + 15.9%, p = 0.03). No statistical significance was observed among other years and groups. CONCLUSIONS Colorectal cancer screening increased between 2012 and 2020 in all states regardless of expansion status. However, Medicaid expansion is not associated with long-term increased colorectal cancer screening prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Qian
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Daniel Pucheril
- Department of Surgery, Booshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH USA
| | - Khalid Al Khatib
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mayra Lucas
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - David-Dan Nguyen
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Julia McNabb-Baltar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Stuart R. Lipsitz
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Nelya Melnitchouk
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Alexander P. Cole
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Quoc-Dien Trinh
- Division of Urological Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alsaqabi NA, Alwehaibi AM, Al-Mutairi HS. Awareness of the Adult Population Toward Colorectal Cancer in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e33477. [PMID: 36751251 PMCID: PMC9901369 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colon and rectal cancer are usually grouped together as they share similar features. They are the third most common cancer in the world and the second most common cancer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Awareness and preventive screening programs play a vital role in early diagnosis and improving the survival rate of such patients. This study aimed to assess the awareness and knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) among the adult population in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the adult population living in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was disseminated among the adult population using WhatsApp and Twitter. The questionnaire contained demographic data and questions to assess the awareness, knowledge, and attitude regarding CRC risk factors and complications and the importance of screening. Results A total of 431 respondents were involved. The most common symptoms of colon cancer were abdominal pain and change in bowel habits. Risk factors associated with colon cancer were inflammatory bowel disease and fatty food. Colonoscopy was the most dominant choice for the detection of colon cancer. Conclusion The awareness of the adult population toward CRC was deficient. Better awareness can be predicted among individuals with better education. Addressing the gaps in awareness is vital to alleviate fears and misconceptions surrounding this disease.
Collapse
|
13
|
Alzahrani KM, Fallatah SM, Almehmadi RA, Alghamdi JS, Alsulaimani AI, Alkhaldi LM, Alsuwayhi AG. Colorectal Cancer and Its Screening Among Public in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e27404. [PMID: 36046279 PMCID: PMC9419754 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is defined as a cancer that starts in the colon or the rectum. CRC is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Saudi males and ranks third in female individuals. Awareness among the population about CRC symptoms, risk factors, and screening tests is essential for preventing further morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to assess CRC knowledge in the western region of Saudi Arabia, as well as awareness of CRC risk factors, symptoms, and screening based on various demographic data. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a representative random sample of 358 Saudi residents in the western region. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through social media sites starting from October 2021 till December 2021. Participants' awareness of CRC risk factors, symptoms, and screening was assessed using the questionnaire. For data analysis, we used SPSS Statistics, version 24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: Of the 385 participants, 76.4% were females, and most participants had a university degree level of education. Study respondents reported fear of colonoscopy as the top reason why they avoided CRC screening. Most participants (63.4%) showed insufficient knowledge. Certain factors showed a significant association with the participants' knowledge about CRC, such as age (p<.001), higher education (p=.002), and having a career in health care (p=.002). Conclusion: As the study resulted in overall insufficient knowledge about CRC among respondents, certain factors showed a significant association with the knowledge level. Raising awareness and health promotion programs should target older age groups and those with below university degree level of education to ultimately prevent morbidity and mortality related to colorectal cancer.
Collapse
|
14
|
Elshami M, Ayyad M, Alser M, Al-Slaibi I, Ahmed Naji S, Mohamad BM, Sudki Isleem W, Shurrab A, Yaghi B, Qabaja YA, Hmdan FK, Fuad Dwikat M, Raed Sweity R, Jneed RT, Assaf KA, Albandak ME, Madhat Hmaid M, Awwad II, Khalil Alhabil B, Alarda MN, Saleh Alsattari A, Aboyousef MS, Aljbour OA, AlSharif R, Teddy Giacaman C, Alnaga AY, Nemer RMA, Almadhoun NM, Mahmoud Skaik S, Abu-El-Noor N, Bottcher B. Awareness of colorectal cancer signs and symptoms: a national cross-sectional study from Palestine. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:866. [PMID: 35501803 PMCID: PMC9063349 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low-resource settings, the awareness level of colorectal cancer (CRC) signs and symptoms plays a crucial role in early detection and treatment. This study examined the public awareness level of CRC signs and symptoms in Palestine and investigated the factors associated with good awareness. METHODS This was a national cross-sectional study conducted at hospitals, primary healthcare centers, and public spaces in 11 governorates across Palestine between July 2019 and March 2020. A translated-into-Arabic version of the validated bowel cancer awareness measure (BoCAM) was utilized to assess the awareness level of CRC signs and symptoms. For each correctly identified CRC sign/symptom, one point was given. The total score (ranging from 0 to 12) was calculated and categorized into three categories based on the number of symptoms recognized: poor (0 to 4), fair (5 to 8), and good awareness (9 to 12). RESULTS Of 5254 approached, 4877 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate = 92.3%). A total of 4623 questionnaires were included in the analysis; 1923 were from the Gaza Strip and 2700 from the West Bank and Jerusalem (WBJ). Participants from the Gaza Strip were younger, gained lower monthly income, and had less chronic diseases than participants in the WBJ. The most frequently identified CRC sign/symptom was 'lump in the abdomen' while the least was 'pain in the back passage'. Only 1849 participants (40.0%, 95% CI: 39.0%-41.0%) had a good awareness level of CRC signs/symptoms. Participants living in the WBJ were more likely to have good awareness than participants living in the Gaza Strip (42.2% vs. 37.0%; p = 0.002). Knowing someone with cancer (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.21-1.55; p < 0.001) and visiting hospitals (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.25-1.70; p < 0.001) were both associated with higher likelihood of having good awareness. However, male gender (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.94; p = 0.006) and following a vegetarian diet (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48-0.73; p < 0.001) were both associated with lower likelihood of having good awareness. CONCLUSION Less than half of the study participants had a good awareness level of CRC signs and symptoms. Future education interventions are needed to improve public awareness of CRC in Palestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamedraed Elshami
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Lakeside 7100, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine.
| | - Mohammed Ayyad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bashar Yaghi
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Khayria Ali Assaf
- Faculty of Medicine, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | | | | | - Iyas Imad Awwad
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rinad AlSharif
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | - Sondos Mahmoud Skaik
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds Abu Dis University Al-Azhar Branch of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | | | - Bettina Bottcher
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Interventions for cancer screening among Chinese Americans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265201. [PMID: 35294463 PMCID: PMC8926258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Cancer is the leading cause of death among Chinese Americans (CAs). Although death rates of cancers can be significantly reduced by screening cancers at an early stage, cancer screening (CS) rates are low among CAs. Interventions on CS may increase the uptake rates of CS and help to decrease the death rates of cancers in CAs.
Objectives
This study aims to summarize the intervention methods on CS among CAs and compare effects of various intervention methods on the outcomes of CS, including knowledge levels of CS, intentions to complete CS, and actual completions of CS.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis design was used. Keyword searching was conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Data was analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.4 software. Random effect model and subgroup analyses were conducted.
Results
The search yielded 13 eligible studies. All of the reviewed interventions were culturally tailored. Systematic review results were categorized by intervention delivery objects, intervention led, intervention contact, intervention types, and intervention focus according to group consensus. Meta-analysis results showed that the interventions on CS had a positive effect on all outcomes, including a 1.58 (95% CI, 1.17–2.14; P = 0.003), 1.78 (95% CI, 1.27–2.48; P = 0.0007), and 1.72 (95% CI, 1.22–2.42; P = 0.002) effect on knowledge of CS, intentions to complete CS, and completions of CS, respectively, compared to the control group. The subgroup analysis suggested that physician-led, individual-based, face-to-face client-focused interventions with multiple components increased CS among CAs, with the OR ranging from 1.60 (95% CI, 1.08–2.39; P = 0.02) to 3.11 (95%CI, 1.02–9.49; P = 0.05).
Discussion
Interventions on CS significantly increased CAs’ knowledge of CS, intentions to complete CS, and completions of CS. Physician-led, individual-based, face-to-face client-focused interventions with multiple components should be utilized for CAs.
Collapse
|
16
|
Feng GC, Lin Z, Ou W, Su X, Yan Q. A Model-Based Meta-Analysis of Willingness to Participate in Cancer Screening. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2580. [PMID: 33806652 PMCID: PMC7967393 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although early screening tests are beneficial for the detection and treatment of cancers, many people have failed to participate in screening tests. The present study aims to explore the theoretical underpinning of low participation in screening programs using the method of meta-analytic structural equation modeling. It was found that the health belief model is the most adopted theoretical framework. Moreover, the intended uptake of screening was positively predicted only by cues to action, health literacy, and perceived susceptibility. As a result, a health intention model, including the three significant variables, is proposed. The practical implications of the findings are that health communication campaigns should focus on enlightening and engaging the public through all necessary means to raise awareness and transfer knowledge in relation to screening procedures as well as cancers per se.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiliang Lin
- School of Literature and Media, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510970, China;
| | - Wanhua Ou
- College of Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518600, China; (W.O.); (X.S.)
| | - Xianglin Su
- College of Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518600, China; (W.O.); (X.S.)
| | - Qing Yan
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510610, China;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Motsuku L, Chen WC, Muchengeti MM, Naidoo M, Quene TM, Kellett P, Mohlala MI, Chu KM, Singh E. Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality trends by sex and population group in South Africa: 2002-2014. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:129. [PMID: 33549058 PMCID: PMC7866437 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Africa (SA) has experienced a rapid transition in the Human Development Index (HDI) over the past decade, which had an effect on the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to provide CRC incidence and mortality trends by population group and sex in SA from 2002 to 2014. METHODS Incidence data were extracted from the South African National Cancer Registry and mortality data obtained from Statistics South Africa (STATS SA), for the period 2002 to 2014. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated using the STATS SA mid-year population as the denominator and the Segi world standard population data for standardisation. A Joinpoint regression analysis was computed for the CRC ASIR and ASMR by population group and sex. RESULTS A total of 33,232 incident CRC cases and 26,836 CRC deaths were reported during the study period. Of the CRC cases reported, 54% were males and 46% were females, and among deaths reported, 47% were males and 53% were females. Overall, there was a 2.5% annual average percentage change (AAPC) increase in ASIR from 2002 to 2014 (95% CI: 0.6-4.5, p-value < 0.001). For ASMR overall, there was 1.3% increase from 2002 to 2014 (95% CI: 0.1-2.6, p-value < 0.001). The ASIR and ASMR among population groups were stable, with the exception of the Black population group. The ASIR increased consistently at 4.3% for black males (95% CI: 1.9-6.7, p-value < 0.001) and 3.4% for black females (95% CI: 1.5-5.3, p-value < 0.001) from 2002 to 2014, respectively. Similarly, ASMR for black males and females increased by 4.2% (95% CI: 2.0-6.5, p-value < 0.001) and 3.4% (, 95%CI: 2.0-4.8, p-value < 0.01) from 2002 to 2014, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The disparities in the CRC incidence and mortality trends may reflect socioeconomic inequalities across different population groups in SA. The rapid increase in CRC trends among the Black population group is concerning and requires further investigation and increased efforts for cancer prevention, early screening and diagnosis, as well as better access to cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lactatia Motsuku
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa
- Department of Global Health, South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis (SACEMA), Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Wenlong Carl Chen
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mazvita Molleen Muchengeti
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Megan Naidoo
- Department of Global Health, Centre for Global Surgery, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tamlyn Mac Quene
- Department of Global Health, Centre for Global Surgery, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Patricia Kellett
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa
| | - Matshediso Ivy Mohlala
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa
| | - Kathryn M Chu
- Department of Global Health, Centre for Global Surgery, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elvira Singh
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, 1 Modderfontein road, Sandringham, Johannesburg, 2131, South Africa.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jiang N, Cheng J, Ni Z, Ye Y, Hu R, Jiang X. Developing a new individual earthquake resilience questionnaire: A reliability and validity test. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245662. [PMID: 33481881 PMCID: PMC7822309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Earthquakes pose serious threats to the world. Good individual resilience can cope with disaster well, but there were few appropriate assessment tools. The purpose of this study was to develop a new individual earthquake resilience questionnaire and test its reliability and validity. First, we built the framework of the individual earthquake resilience questionnaire based on expert interviews. Then, we established the initial version of questionnaire and used the Delphi method and item selection to modify it by qualitative and quantitative methods. Finally, we built the final version of questionnaire (contained 4 dimensions and 17 items) and tested the reliability and validity. The Cronbach's α values of the four dimensions were between 0.79 and 0.91, the split-half reliabilities were between 0.85 and 0.93, and the test-retest reliabilities were between 0.72 and 0.80. The item content validity indexes were between 0.87-1, and the average questionnaire content validity index was 0.94. The correlation coefficients between each item and dimension with the total questionnaire ranged from 0.79-0.90 and 0.66-0.79, respectively. We used exploratory factor analysis to identify four common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 74.97%. The questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to measure individual resilience in the context of earthquake disasters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingxia Cheng
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihong Ni
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yansheng Ye
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rujun Hu
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolian Jiang
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Norsa'adah B, Aminu AR, Zaidi Z. Validity and Reliability of Questionnaire on Knowledge, Attitude and Dietary Practices Related to Colorectal Cancer. Malays J Med Sci 2020; 27:115-123. [PMID: 32158351 PMCID: PMC7053552 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers in Malaysia where new cases are increasing every year. The aim of this study was to test the reliability and validity of a newly developed questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and dietary practices (KAP) related to CRC for the Malay population. Methods The respondents were conveniently selected among visitors attending an outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital. We excluded those with any cancers, chronic diseases and those that were illiterate. The exploratory factor and reliability analyses were conducted. Results A total of 108 respondents were recruited of which 67.7% were males and the mean age was 54.59 years (standard deviation 8.93). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy values for KAP were 0.64, 0.66 and 0.67, respectively (P < 0.001). The 17 items of knowledge formed five domains with loading factors ranging from 0.54–0.89. The six items of attitude formed two domains with loading factors ranging from 0.64–0.80 and the 15 practices had four domains with loading factors ranging from 0.52–0.83. The total variances explained for each KAP were 61.02%, 56.41% and 53.12%, respectively. The internal consistency Cronbach alpha values on KAP were 0.61, 0.60 and 0.70, respectively. Conclusion The final questionnaire is suitable for measuring KAP related to CRC among the Malay population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bachok Norsa'adah
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Aisyahtun Rosdi Aminu
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zakaria Zaidi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Effects of the Affordable Care Act on the Receipt of Colonoscopies among the Insured Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17010313. [PMID: 31906426 PMCID: PMC6981636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) waived deductibles and eliminated coinsurance for colonoscopies for Medicare beneficiaries beginning in January 1, 2011. This study investigated the effect of the ACA’s directive to remove the financial barriers on the receipt of colonoscopies among the elderly insured, who are predominantly covered by Medicare. Methods: Data from the 2008–2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to examine the receipt of colonoscopies in two years prior to the implementation of the ACA (2008 and 2010) and three years after the change (2012, 2014, and 2016). Multivariate logistic regressions were estimated to examine the change in colonoscopy use before and after the introduction of the ACA, adjusting for patient characteristics and availability of health care providers in the geographic region. Results: Of 349,899 eligible elderly insured in the age group 65 to 75 years, 236,275 (67.2%) had received a colonoscopy in the previous ten years. The receipt of colonoscopies increased from 63.5% in pre-ACA years to 69.2% in the post-ACA years (p < 0.001). Compared with the pre-ACA period, the odds ratio of colonoscopy uptake in post-ACA years was 1.15 (95% CI = 1.08–1.22). Conclusions: A statistically significant increase in colonoscopy use was observed in the post-ACA years. However, achieving the target coverage rate of 80% will require additional interventions to encourage higher levels of screenings.
Collapse
|
21
|
Furgurson KF, Sandberg JC, Hsu FC, Mora DC, Quandt SA, Arcury TA. Cancer Knowledge Among Mexican Immigrant Farmworkers in North Carolina. J Immigr Minor Health 2019; 21:515-521. [PMID: 29948650 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-018-0771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Latino farmworkers are exposed to a number of carcinogens in the workplace. Cancer survival rates for Latinos are below average. This paper describes Mexican immigrant farmworkers' knowledge of colorectal, breast, and testicular cancer, and compares farmworkers' cancer knowledge to that of other Mexican immigrants. Survey interviews for this study were conducted with 100 farmworkers and 100 non-farmworkers in 2015 in North Carolina as part of an ongoing community-based participatory research project. We found low to moderate levels of knowledge about colorectal, breast, and testicular cancer among farmworkers. Compared to non-farmworkers, farmworkers had similar levels of knowledge about breast and testicular cancer, but slightly lower knowledge about colorectal cancer (p = 0.0087). Few studies have used quantitative methods to assess farmworkers' knowledge of specific types of cancer. Our results demonstrate a need for increased dissemination of existing cancer education programs and further research to develop additional educational tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine F Furgurson
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Joanne C Sandberg
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Dana C Mora
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Sara A Quandt
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Thomas A Arcury
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Al-Hajeili M, Abdulwassi HK, Alshadadi F, Alqurashi L, Idriss M, Halawani L. Assessing knowledge on preventive colorectal cancer screening in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:3140-3146. [PMID: 31742133 PMCID: PMC6857381 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_508_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Context According to the Saudi Cancer Registry's 2014 Cancer Incidence Report, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading form of malignant cancer among Saudi men and ranks third among women. Raising awareness about CRC risk factors could lead to a significant decline in incidence of disease. Aims To assess CRC awareness and evaluate the main barriers that might prevent individuals' participation in screening. Settings and Design A self-administered survey was conducted over two days as part of a CRC awareness campaign in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in March, 2018. Methods and Materials The survey addressed issues regarding knowledge of CRC and available screening methods. The survey also examined barriers that might make one reluctant to undergo preventative screening. Stata/SE 15.0 was used for all statistical analyses. Statistical Analyses Continuous variables were described with frequencies and percentages. Stepwise linear regression models were constructed to predict CRC knowledge and barriers. Results Out of 422 participants, 50.2% were men. Most respondents were between 15-35 years old (65.8%). Multivariate analysis revealed that gender was a significant predictor of CRC knowledge. Furthermore, the variables of education and family history of CRC significantly predicted subjects' awareness of colonoscopic screenings. The most common barriers for seeking screening included fear of the procedure, absence of clinical symptoms, and fear of the results. Conclusions Our results highlight deficits in public CRC knowledge and their awareness of preventative measures. These shortcomings were found to be mainly related to education level. Specific barriers affecting screening decisions were also identified; intensive efforts on awareness to overcome these obstacles will be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Al-Hajeili
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal Alshadadi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lujain Alqurashi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohmmad Idriss
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamis Halawani
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Odukoya O, Fayemi M. A Rural-Urban Comparison of Knowledge, Risk- Factors and
Preventive Practices for Colorectal Cancer among Adults in
Lagos State. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:1063-1071. [PMID: 31030475 PMCID: PMC6948893 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.4.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess and compare the knowledge, risk-factors and preventive practices for colorectal cancer among adults in Lagos State. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted among 607 respondents selected from one rural (Ikorodu) and one urban (Surulere) LGA using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire administered by trained research assistants between April and September 2017.Data was analyzed using Epi-info statistical software version 3.5.1. Univariate and bivariate analysis was carried out and -p values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Respondents’ knowledge of colorectal cancer was generally low, (rural-78.2%, urban- 62.2%, p<0.001). Urban respondents were significantly more knowledgeable than their rural counterparts (rural- 21.8%, urban- 37.8%, p<0.001). The presence of CRC risk-factors were higher among urban respondents (urban-49.3%, rural-42.6%, p= 0.09), however this difference was not statistically significant. Preventive practices were generally poor in both groups, although more (18.1%) urban respondents significantly took preventive actions against CRC compared with rural (6.9%) respondents, (p<0.001).Increasing levels of education were significantly associated with higher knowledge level in both groups (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The level of knowledge of colorectal cancer was generally poor in both groups but significantly poorer among rural respondents. The presence of known risk- factor was higher among urban respondents while preventive practices were poor in both groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwakemi Odukoya
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care,College of Medicine,University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
| | - Modupeola Fayemi
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care,College of Medicine,University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Christy SM, Sutton SK, Gwede CK, Chavarria EA, Davis SN, Abdulla R, Schultz I, Roetzheim R, Shibata D, Meade CD. Examining the Durability of Colorectal Cancer Screening Awareness and Health Beliefs Among Medically Underserved Patients: Baseline to 12 months Post-Intervention. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2019; 34:297-303. [PMID: 29177920 PMCID: PMC6873805 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-017-1301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study examines changes in awareness and health beliefs from baseline to 12 months post-intervention following receipt of one of two colorectal cancer (CRC) educational interventions that aimed to promote CRC screening among a racially and ethnically diverse and medically underserved population. Participants (N = 270) were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial to increase CRC screening and completed both baseline and 12-month follow-up assessments. Participants were aged 50-75, at average CRC risk, not up-to-date with CRC screening guidelines, and receiving care at one of three community-based clinics. Participants were randomized to receive either a targeted, low-literacy intervention informed by the Preventive Health Model [PHM] (photonovella and DVD plus fecal immunochemical test [FIT]) or a non-targeted intervention (standard educational brochure plus FIT). Changes in CRC awareness and health beliefs from baseline to 12 months were examined both within and between intervention groups using Student's t tests. Participants in both intervention conditions demonstrated an increase in CRC awareness, PHM social influence, and trust in the healthcare system (all p's < .0001), with no significant between-group differences. Among those receiving the targeted intervention, there also was an increase in PHM salience (p < .05). Among individuals receiving the non-targeted intervention, there was an increase in PHM response efficacy (p < .01) and PHM self-efficacy (p < .0001). Both CRC screening interventions promoted positive changes in awareness and several health beliefs from baseline to 12 months, suggesting important benefits of CRC education. Regardless of whether education was targeted or non-targeted, providing CRC screening education successfully promoted durable changes in awareness and health beliefs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Christy
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steven K Sutton
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Clement K Gwede
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Enmanuel A Chavarria
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Stacy N Davis
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Rania Abdulla
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ida Schultz
- Premier Community HealthCare Group, Inc., Dade City, FL, USA
| | - Richard Roetzheim
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - David Shibata
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cathy D Meade
- Division of Population Science, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MFC-EDU, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nasaif HA, Al Qallaf SM. Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Symptoms and Risk Factors in the Kingdom of Bahrain: a Cross- Sectional Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2299-2304. [PMID: 30139241 PMCID: PMC6171415 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.8.2299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is second in incidence rates in both genders in the Kingdom of Bahrain, with the number of new CRC cases sharply increasing in the last two decades. This study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge regarding CRC among people living in the Kingdom. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used to recruit a convenient sample of 505 adults aged 25 years or above. Face to face structured interviews were conducted to supplement data gained from the questionnaire. Results: The mean age of participants was 37 (±10.43) years. Changes in bowel habits were the most commonly identified symptoms (46%) followed by lower abdominal pain (44%). Family history was the most commonly identified risk factor (38%) followed by smoking (28%). The overall score of knowledge of CRC was 56 (±18.4). The scores for symptoms and risk factors were 59 (±26.2) and 53 (±17.5) respectively. It was found that female participants had better knowledge 59 (±17) than males 54 (±19) (P = .001). Participants with high levels of education had better knowledge (63%) compared with other groups, although this was not statistically significant (P = .067). Conclusion: This study indicates poor knowledge among people living in Bahrain regarding CRC symptoms and risk factors. Strategies and educational initiatives need to be implemented to enhance the general public’s awareness in this respect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Husain A Nasaif
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bahrain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ramírez-Amill R, Soto-Salgado M, Vázquez-Santos C, Corzo-Pedrosa M, Cruz-Correa M. Assessing Colorectal Cancer Knowledge Among Puerto Rican Hispanics: Implications for Cancer Prevention and Control. J Community Health 2017; 42:1141-1147. [PMID: 28547033 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-017-0363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In Puerto Rico, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates are increasing. Moreover, adherence rates to CRC screening (52.2%) are still below the goals (70.5%) established by Healthy People 2020. Lack of knowledge is described as a significant barrier to adherence to CRC screening. The aim of this study was to assess CRC knowledge and screening rates among Puerto Rican Hispanics. Participants aged 40-85 years were recruited from the internal medicine outpatient clinics at the University of Puerto Rico. Demographic characteristics and knowledge about CRC, including risk factors and CRC screening tests, were obtained through face-to-face interviews. A mean CRC knowledge score was calculated based on correct responses to 13 validated questions. Mean knowledge scores were evaluated according to demographic characteristics using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. A total of 101 participants were recruited with mean age of 63 (±10.6) years. Fifty-eight (58%) of participants were females, 59% reported ≥12 years of education, and 71% reported ever screening for CRC. The mean CRC knowledge score was significantly lower (p < 0.05) among participants with lower annual family income, those who had never received a recommendation for CRC screening by a healthcare provider, and those who had no history of CRC screening. Knowledge about CRC must be improved in Puerto Rico. Efforts must be made to promote and develop culturally appropriate CRC educational strategies. Future studies should focus on identifying other barriers and factors that may limit CRC screening in the Puerto Rican Hispanic population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo Ramírez-Amill
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - Carla Vázquez-Santos
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Mónica Corzo-Pedrosa
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Marcia Cruz-Correa
- Division of Cancer Biology, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, PR, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Surgery and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University or Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA. .,University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus and Comprehensive Cancer Center, PMB 711, 89 De Diego Ave. Suite 105, San Juan, PR, 00927-6346, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Berger FG, Hansen CW. The Medicare loophole: cost-sharing for screening colonoscopy. COLORECTAL CANCER 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/crc.15.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franklin G Berger
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, Jones Physical Sciences Building R. 614, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wirth MD, Brandt HM, Dolinger H, Hardin JW, Sharpe PA, Eberth JM. Examining connections between screening for breast, cervical and prostate cancer and colorectal cancer screening. COLORECTAL CANCER 2014; 3:253-263. [PMID: 25143785 PMCID: PMC4134878 DOI: 10.2217/crc.14.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare participation in breast, cervical and prostate cancer screening with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. MATERIALS & METHODS This random digit-dialed survey includes participants (aged 50-75 years) from South Carolina (USA). Past participation information in fecal occult blood test, flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, mammography, clinical breast examination, Pap test, prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination was obtained.Adjusted odds ratios are reported. RESULTS Among European-American women, any cervical or breast cancer screening was associated with adherence to any CRC screening. Among African-American women, mammography was associated with adherence to any CRC screening. Digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen tests were associated with adherence to any CRC screening test among all men. CONCLUSION Future research should explore approaches inclusive of cancer screening recommendations for multiple cancer types for reduction of cancer screening disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Heather M Brandt
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200 Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Heather Dolinger
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200 Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- American Cancer Society, Inc., 128 Stonemark Lane, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James W Hardin
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street Room 124, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street Room 124, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - Jan M Eberth
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mother-Daughter Dyad Recruitment and Cancer Intervention Challenges in an African American Sample. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2014; 1:120-129. [PMID: 25489496 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-014-0019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Developing an effective youth-based health messaging intervention for African American women, who remain disparately impacted by cancer, presents unique challenges. This paper reports on the challenges with recruiting familial dyads from predominantly low-income, African American neighborhoods, as well as the challenges associated with designing and implementing an upward-directed cancer screening intervention. We developed and pilot tested an educational workshop that provided adolescents with cancer screening information to share with their mother or female relative. Data from follow-up interviews and focus groups, as well as observation records regarding implementation obstacles highlight important lessons learned. The use of familial dyads as well as issues of access posed challenges for recruitment and follow-up. Workshop-related challenges stemmed from the approach, content and length. Finally, personal and environmental factors presented barriers to adolescent message delivery and adult follow-through. By identifying these challenges, we hope to influence and enable the future development of effective adolescent-initiated health messaging interventions.
Collapse
|