1
|
Sharpe PA, Stucker J, Wilcox S, Liese AD, Bell BA. Recruitment and Retention for the Evaluation of a Healthy Food Initiative in Economically Disadvantaged, Majority African American Communities. Fam Community Health 2021; 44:43-51. [PMID: 33214409 PMCID: PMC7682748 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective recruitment and retention supports equitable participation in research. The aim of this article is to describe recruitment and retention methods among residents of highly disadvantaged, predominantly African American communities in the southeastern United States during the evaluation of a healthy food access initiative. We proposed that active and passive recruitment methods, intensive retention strategies, community outreach and involvement, over-enrollment to anticipate attrition, and applied principles of community participation would achieve the study's recruitment and retention goals. The enrollment goal of 560 was met at 94% (n = 527), and the retention goal of 400 was achieved (n = 408).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia (Drs Sharpe, Wilcox, and Liese and Ms Stucker); and College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia (Dr Bell)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liese AD, Sharpe PA, Bell BA, Hutto B, Stucker J, Wilcox S. Persistence and transience of food insecurity and predictors among residents of two disadvantaged communities in South Carolina. Appetite 2021; 161:105128. [PMID: 33513414 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about patterns of household food insecurity (HFI) across more than two time points in adults in the United States, the frequency predictors of different trajectories. The distinctions between persistent and transient food insecurity trajectories may be crucial to developing effective interventions. OBJECTIVE To characterize dominant trajectories of food security status over three time points between 2013 and 2016 and identify demographic, socioeconomic and health-related predictors of persistent and transient HFI. DESIGN Cohort study in disadvantaged communities in South Carolina. SETTING and subjects: 397 middle-aged participants, predominantly female, African American, living in USDA-designated food deserts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Household food insecurity over time using the 18-item USDA's Household Food Security Survey Module. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Descriptive analyses of food security trajectories and multinomial regression analyses. RESULTS At baseline (2013-2014), 61% of households reported HFI during the previous 12 months, which decreased to 54% in 2015 and to 51% in 2016. Only 27% of households were persistently food secure, 36% experienced transient and 37% persistent food insecurity. Female sex (OR 2.7, 95%CI 1.2-5.9), being married or living with a partner (OR 2.4, 95CI% 1.1-5.3) and fair health status (OR 4.4, 95%CI 2.2-8.8) were associated with increased odds of persistent food insecurity. Fair health was also a significant predictor of transient food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that future research should focus on persistent versus transient trajectories separately and that tailored interventions may be needed to make progress on alleviating food insecurity among disadvantaged communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela D Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Bethany A Bell
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Brent Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jessica Stucker
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilcox S, Sharpe PA, Liese AD, Dunn C, Hutto B. Socioeconomic factors associated with diet quality and meeting dietary guidelines in disadvantaged neighborhoods in the Southeast United States. Ethn Health 2020; 25:1115-1131. [PMID: 29966432 PMCID: PMC6314910 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1493434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine diet quality and dietary intake among residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods in the Southeast United States (U.S.) and to examine associations between dietary and socioeconomic factors. Design: We examined baseline data from an evaluation study of a healthy food access initiative. Participants were recruited from two urban settings comprising seven neighborhoods of high household poverty (17% to 62%). Participants completed in-person interviews with measures of education, household income, and food security and one unannounced 24-hour dietary recall by telephone with trained registered dietitians. Food desert residence was coded based on U.S. Census data. Proportions meeting 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) scores were computed. Associations between dietary variables and participant's education, household income, food security, and food desert residence were tested. Results: Participants (n = 465) were predominantly African American (92%), women (80%), and overweight or obese (79%), and 52 ± 14 years of age. Sixty-three percent had low or very low food security, and 82% lived in census tracts of low income and low access to supermarkets (urban food desert). HEI-2010 scores averaged 48.8 ± 13.1. A minority of participants met dietary guidelines. Diet quality was lower among participants with lower education and among those from food insecure households (p < .05). Household income and food security were positively associated with meeting several dietary guidelines (p < .05). Food desert residence was unrelated to diet variables. Conclusions: In this disadvantaged population, significant nutritional concerns were observed, and socioeconomic factors were associated with diet quality and meeting dietary guidelines. Interventions must address broader economic, social, and policy issues such as access to affordable healthy foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208.
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Patricia A. Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Angela D. Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Caroline Dunn
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Brent Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharpe PA, Bell BA, Liese AD, Wilcox S, Stucker J, Hutto BE. Effects of a food hub initiative in a disadvantaged community: A quasi-experimental evaluation. Health Place 2020; 63:102341. [PMID: 32543428 PMCID: PMC7357735 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A quasi-experiment evaluated a food hub's (FH) impact in a low-income/low-access (food desert) setting on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake, diet quality, kilocalories, perceived food environment, BMI, and farmers' market shopping versus a matched community (n = 265 FH, n = 262 Comparison). Comparison shoppers had better baseline perceptions of their food environment, but FH shoppers improved significantly more than Comparison shoppers. Comparison shoppers significantly increased F&V intake versus FH shoppers. Effects were not significant for other diet outcomes, BMI, or farmers' market shopping. Factors besides spacial access to healthy food need consideration to address dietary intake and obesity in disadvantaged communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Bethany A Bell
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendelton Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Angela D Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Jessica Stucker
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Brent E Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharpe PA, Wilcox S, Stucker J, Kinnard D, Bernhart J, James KL. Community Health Advisors' Characteristics and Behaviors, Role Performance, and Volunteer Satisfaction in a Church-Based Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Intervention. J Community Health 2019; 45:88-97. [PMID: 31399893 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-019-00722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Community Health Advisors (CHAs) contribute to health promotion program effectiveness, but their role in faith-based programs is understudied, and little is known about their role performance or satisfaction. In a dissemination and implementation study, 19 CHAs were trained to provide healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA) program training to church committees. Of these, 17 CHAs trained 347 attendees from 115 churches. Thirteen CHAs remained for the 12-month period and provided telephone-based technical assistance (TA) to churches. To evaluate their experiences and satisfaction, CHAs completed questionnaires at baseline and 12 months. Staff observers and church committee members evaluated CHAs' effectiveness as trainers. There were no significant changes in the CHAs' own body mass index, PA, fruit and vegetable intake, or self-rated health but significant increases in their perceived knowledge of PA (p = 0.01) and HE (p = 0.02). CHAs reported high agreement regarding the quality of their training for the role and moderate volunteer satisfaction on average but thought that the time required of them was somewhat more than expected, though they were interested in volunteering for a future, similar role. Church committee members agreed with CHAs' effectiveness as trainers and the helpfulness of the TA calls. Staff observers rated CHAs' as having covered 87.8% of church training content and agreed that, on average, the CHAs were effective trainers. Assessing CHAs' availability, clear communication about the time requirements, and over-recruitment to offset attrition and decrease the workload may be needed to improve retention and support satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, First Floor, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center and Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, First Floor, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Jessica Stucker
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, First Floor, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Deborah Kinnard
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, First Floor, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - John Bernhart
- Prevention Research Center and Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, First Floor, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Katherine L James
- South Carolina Conference, The United Methodist Church, 4908 Colonial Drive, Columbia, SC, 29203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Clark JK, Rouse C, Sehgal AR, Bailey M, Bell BA, Pike SN, Sharpe PA, Freedman DA. A food hub to address healthy food access gaps: Residents' preferences. J Agric Food Syst Community Dev 2019; 9:59-68. [PMID: 33312748 PMCID: PMC7731973 DOI: 10.5304/jafscd.2019.091.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Interventions aimed at improving access to healthy food in low-income communities should consider the preferences of residents. Household food shoppers in two urban, low-income communities were asked about their preferences for vendors at, and qualities of, a potential nearby food hub. Universally, participants preferred availability of whole foods, primarily fruits and vegetables. They also favored cleanliness, quality, and affordability. The demographics and preferences of potential customers raise central issues that would need to be integrated into the development of a food hub, namely affordability (likely through subsidization), attention to accommodation and cultural accessibility, and programming that builds community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill K. Clark
- John Glenn College of Public Affairs; Ohio State University; 1810 College Road; Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Chaturia Rouse
- Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods, Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western, Reserve University, School of Medicine
| | - Ashwini R. Sehgal
- Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Case Western Reserve University
| | - Mary Bailey
- Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods, Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western, Reserve University, School of Medicine
| | | | - Stephanie N. Pike
- Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods, Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western, Reserve University, School of Medicine
| | - Patricia A. Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina
| | - Darcy A. Freedman
- Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods, Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western, Reserve University, School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Freedman DA, Bell BA, Clark JK, Sharpe PA, Trapl ES, Borawski EA, Pike SN, Rouse C, Sehgal AR. Socioecological Path Analytic Model of Diet Quality among Residents in Two Urban Food Deserts. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019; 119:1150-1159. [PMID: 31031105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet is critical to chronic disease prevention, yet there are persistent disparities in diet quality among Americans. The socioecological model suggests multiple factors, operating at multiple levels, influence diet quality. OBJECTIVE The goal was to model direct and indirect relationships among healthy eating identity, perceived control of healthy eating, social support for healthy eating, food retail choice block scores, perceptions of healthy food availability, and food shopping behaviors and diet quality measured using Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores (HEI-2010) for residents living in two urban communities defined as food deserts. DESIGN A cross-sectional design was used including data collected via self-reported surveys, 24-dietary recalls, and through objective observations of food retail environments. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Data collection occurred in 2015-2016 in two low-income communities in Cleveland (n=243) and Columbus (n=244), OH. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE HEI-2010 scores were calculated based on the average of three 24-hour dietary recalls using the Nutrition Data System for Research. ANALYSIS Separate path models, controlled for income, were run for each community. Analysis was guided by a conceptual model with 15 hypothesized direct and indirect effects on HEI-2010 scores. Associations were considered statistically significant at P<0.05 and P<0.10 because of modest sample sizes in each community. RESULTS Across both models, significant direct effects on HEI-2010 scores included healthy eating identity (β=.295, Cleveland; β=.297, Columbus, P<0.05) and distance traveled to primary food store (β=.111, Cleveland, P<0.10; β=.175, Columbus, P<0.05). Perceptions of healthy food availability had a significant, inverse effect in the Columbus model (β=-.125, P<0.05). The models explained greater variance in HEI-2010 scores for the Columbus community compared with Cleveland (R2=.282 and R2=.152, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the need for tailored dietary intervention approaches even within demographically comparable communities. Interventions aimed at improving diet quality among residents living in food deserts may need to focus on enhancing healthy eating identity using culturally relevant approaches while at the same time addressing the need for transportation supports to access healthy food retailers located farther away.
Collapse
|
8
|
Bernhart JA, Dunn CG, Wilcox S, Saunders RP, Sharpe PA, Stucker J. Church leaders' barriers and facilitators before and after implementing a physical activity and nutrition intervention. Health Educ Res 2019; 34:188-199. [PMID: 30601982 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyy051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Faith-based health promotion programs have been effective in increasing healthy eating (HE) and physical activity (PA). Very few reports exist regarding church leaders' anticipated and experienced barriers and facilitators to program implementation. Pastors (n = 38, 70%) and program coordinators (n = 54, 100%) from churches (N = 54) who attended a program training answered open-ended questions about anticipated barriers and facilitators to implementing the HE and PA parts of the Faith, Activity, and Nutrition (FAN) program. Twelve months later, pastors (n = 49, 92%) and coordinators (n = 53, 98%) answered analogous questions about their experienced barriers and facilitators to implementing the HE and PA parts of the FAN program. Responses were coded using thematic analysis. Similar themes appeared at baseline and follow-up for anticipated and experienced barriers and facilitators. The most common barriers were no anticipated barriers, resistance to change, church characteristics, and lack of participation/motivation. The most common facilitators were internal support, leadership, and communication. Few differences were found between anticipated and experienced barriers and facilitators. Understanding these perspectives, particularly overcoming resistance to change and church characteristics through strong leadership and internal support from church leaders, will improve future program development, resources, and technical assistance in faith-based and non-faith-based communities alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Bernhart
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina
- Department of Exercise Science
| | - C G Dunn
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina
- Department of Exercise Science
| | - R P Saunders
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - P A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina
| | - J Stucker
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Forthofer M, Wilcox S, Kinnard D, Hutto B, Sharpe PA. Sumter County on the Move! Evaluation of a Walking Group Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Within Existing Social Networks. J Phys Act Health 2018; 16:1-7. [PMID: 30518302 PMCID: PMC6874716 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social network-driven approaches have promise for promoting physical activity in community settings. Yet, there have been few direct investigations of such interventions. This study tested the effectiveness of a social network-driven, group-based walking intervention in a medically underserved community. METHODS This study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with 3 measurement time points to examine the effectiveness of Sumter County on the Move! in communities in Sumter County, SC. A total of 293 individuals participated in 59 walking groups formed from existing social networks. Participants were 86% females, 67% black, and 31% white, with a mean age of 49.5 years. Measures included perceptions of the walking groups; psychosocial factors such as self-regulation, self-efficacy, and social support; and both self-reported and objectively measured physical activity. RESULTS The intervention produced significant increases in goal setting and social support for physical activity from multiple sources, and these intervention effects were sustained through the final measurement point 6 months after completion of the intervention. Nonetheless, few of the desired changes in physical activity were observed. CONCLUSION Our mixed results underscore the importance of future research to better understand the dose and duration of intervention implementation required to effect and sustain behavior change.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma X, Sharpe PA, Bell BA, Liu J, White K, Liese AD. Food Acquisition and Shopping Patterns among Residents of Low-Income and Low-Access Communities in South Carolina. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018; 118:1844-1854. [PMID: 30049654 PMCID: PMC6162113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the food acquisition and shopping habits of residents living in food deserts. OBJECTIVE To identify distinct food acquisition and shopping patterns among residents, most of whom (81%) live in food desert (low income and low access) census tracts, and characterize these patterns with respect to the residents' socioeconomic status, nutrition knowledge, and perceptions of their food environment. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Four hundred sixty-six primary food shoppers were included from two counties in South Carolina during 2013-2014. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants' self-reported food acquisition and shopping habits, including shopping distance; frequency; store type; transportation mode; use of farmers' markets, food banks/pantries, and church/social service organizations, were used to develop shopping patterns and group residents. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation, food security, income, and education, nutrition knowledge, and perceptions of the food environment were used to characterize these groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression were used to identify and characterize patterns, respectively. RESULTS Three patterns were identified, including those who use community food resources, are infrequent grocery shoppers, and use someone else's car or public transportation when shopping (Class 1) (35%), those who use community food resources and are more frequent and proximal shoppers (Class 2) (41%), and those who do not use community food resources and are distal shoppers (Class 3) (24%). Compared with Class 3, Class 1 had comparatively lower socioeconomic status. Class 2 also had comparatively lower socioeconomic attributes except for income. Class 2 was not significantly different from Class 1 except that a higher proportion in Class 1 saw food access as a problem. No significant differences across classes were found regarding fruit and vegetable recommendation knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Shopping frequency, use of community food resources, transportation methods, and shopping distance were the key factors that defined distinct patterns among residents living in low-income areas. Future interventions to increase healthy food access in underserved areas should not only consider accessibility but also community food resource use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-9413. Fax: 803-777-2504.
| | - Patricia A. Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-4253. Fax: 803-777-9007.
| | - Bethany A. Bell
- College of Social Work, 1512 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-2387. Fax: 803-777-2504.
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-6854. Fax: 803-777-2504.
| | - Kellee White
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-5057. Fax: 803-777-2504.
| | - Angela D. Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: 803-777-9414. Fax: 803-777-2504.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jilcott Pitts SB, Wu Q, McGuirt JT, Sharpe PA, Rafferty AP. Impact on Dietary Choices After Discount Supermarket Opens in Low-Income Community. J Nutr Educ Behav 2018; 50:729-735. [PMID: 29656023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine (1) the association of a new supermarket opening with dietary intake and perceptions of healthy food availability, and (2) associations of distance to the primary food store and mean prices of fruits, vegetables, and sugary beverages with levels of consumption of these foods and body mass index in a low-income, southeastern community. METHODS The researchers used cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire data and supermarket audit data collected in the supermarket community and comparison community before (2015) and after (2016) the supermarket opening. A difference-in-difference analysis employed propensity scores to compare pretest and posttest differences between communities. RESULTS There were no significant differences between communities on dietary behaviors. There was a significant cross-sectional, inverse association between distance to the primary food store and fruit and vegetable consumption among all respondents in 2016. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results suggest that adding a new discount supermarket is not necessarily associated with improvements in residents' fruit, vegetable, or sugary beverage consumption, or in their perceptions of the availability of healthy food in the neighborhood. However, distance to the store may be important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, East Carolina University, Greenville NC
| | - Jared T McGuirt
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Ann P Rafferty
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wilcox S, Saunders RP, Kaczynski AT, Forthofer M, Sharpe PA, Goodwin C, Condrasky M, Kennedy VL, Jake-Schoffman DE, Kinnard D, Hutto B. Faith, Activity, and Nutrition Randomized Dissemination and Implementation Study: Countywide Adoption, Reach, and Effectiveness. Am J Prev Med 2018; 54:776-785. [PMID: 29656913 PMCID: PMC6203293 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Faith-based organizations can contribute to improving population health, but few dissemination and implementation studies exist. This paper reports countywide adoption, reach, and effectiveness from the Faith, Activity, and Nutrition dissemination and implementation study. DESIGN This was a group-randomized trial. Data were collected in 2016. Statistical analyses were conducted in 2017. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Churches in a rural, medically underserved county in South Carolina were invited to enroll, and attendees of enrolled churches were invited to complete questionnaires (n=1,308 participated). INTERVENTION Churches (n=59) were randomized to an intervention or control (delayed intervention) condition. Church committees attended training focused on creating opportunities, setting guidelines/policies, sharing messages, and engaging pastors for physical activity (PA) and healthy eating (HE). Churches also received 12 months of telephone-based technical assistance. Community health advisors provided the training and technical assistance. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES The Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework guided measurement of adoption and reach. To assess effectiveness, church attendees completed post-test only questionnaires of perceptions of church environment, PA and fruit and vegetable (FV) self-efficacy, FV intake, and PA. Regression models controlled for church clustering and predominant race of congregation, as well as member age, gender, education, and self-reported cancer diagnosis. RESULTS Church adoption was 42% (55/132). Estimated reach was 3,527, representing 42% of regular church attendees and 15% of county residents. Intervention church attendees reported greater church-level PA opportunities, PA and HE messages, and PA and HE pastor support (p<0.0001), but not FV opportunities (p=0.07). PA self-efficacy (p=0.07) and FV self-efficacy (p=0.21) were not significantly higher in attendees of intervention versus control churches. The proportion of inactive attendees was lower in intervention versus control churches (p=0.02). The proportion meeting FV (p=0.27) and PA guidelines (p=0.32) did not differ by group. CONCLUSIONS This innovative dissemination and implementation study had high adoption and reach with favorable environmental impacts, positioning it for broader dissemination. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02868866.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina.
| | - Ruth P Saunders
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Melinda Forthofer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Cheryl Goodwin
- Fairfield Behavioral Health Services, Winnsboro, South Carolina
| | - Margaret Condrasky
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
| | | | - Danielle E Jake-Schoffman
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah Kinnard
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Brent Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharpe PA, Liese AD, Bell BA, Wilcox S, Hutto BE, Stucker J. Household food security and use of community food sources and food assistance programs among food shoppers in neighborhoods of low income and low food access. J Hunger Environ Nutr 2017; 13:482-496. [PMID: 30854155 DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2017.1364188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Food insecurity exceeds the 14% national level in severely disadvantaged households, and food shoppers seek food sources and assistance. In 513 predominantly African American households in South Carolina, USA, food security was a significant predictor of sources used, adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics (least-squares means = high food security, 2.10; marginal, 2.96; low, 2.91; very low, 3.40). The top sources were churches/social services, food bank/pantry, farmers' market, family/friend/neighbor, soup kitchen/shelter, and hunting/fishing/trapping. Adjusted odds were significantly greater among households of lower food security levels compared to high food security for food from church/social services, food bank/pantry, family/friend/neighbors, soup kitchen/shelter, and community/school/church garden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Research Professor, Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Prevention Research Center, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208
| | - Angela D Liese
- Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 915 Greene Street, Room 461, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Bethany A Bell
- Associate professor, College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Professor, Department of Exercise Science and Director, Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Prevention Research Center, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208
| | - Brent E Hutto
- Biostatistician, University of South Carolina, Prevention Research Center, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208
| | - Jessica Stucker
- Program Manager, University of South Carolina, Prevention Research Center, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liese AD, Ma X, Hutto B, Sharpe PA, Bell BA, Wilcox S. Food Shopping Behaviors in Relation to BMI Among Residents of Food Desert Communities in South Carolina. Ann Epidemiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
15
|
Ma X, Liese AD, Hibbert J, Bell BA, Wilcox S, Sharpe PA. The Association between Food Security and Store-Specific and Overall Food Shopping Behaviors. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017; 117:1931-1940. [PMID: 28366811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is a severe problem in the United States. Few studies have examined its relationship with food shopping behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between food security and store-specific and overall food shopping among residents of low-income neighborhoods. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Five hundred twenty-seven households were recruited from two counties in South Carolina from November 2013 to May 2014, and 474 households were included in the final analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Food security was assessed using the 18-item US-Household Food Security Module questionnaire, and classified into three categories: high or marginal food security (FS), low food security (LFS), and very low food security (VLFS). Store-specific shopping behaviors including frequency, store type, and transportation were queried via in-person interview for the three most-frequented grocery stores. Distance from participants' homes to their reported stores was calculated using Geographic Information Systems. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Multivariate linear regression for analyses of distance and frequency and multinomial/ordinary logistic regression for analyses of store type and transportation were used. RESULTS Compared to FS participants, a significantly higher proportion of VLFS participants reported a convenience/dollar store as their most-frequented store (odds ratio [OR] 2.31, 95% CI 1.08 to 4.95) or a lack of transportation (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.25 to 3.33). They also shopped less frequently (b=-.31, P=0.03) at their third most-frequented store and traveled fewer total miles for shopping (b=-4.71, P=0.04). In analyses considering all stores jointly, LFS participants had lower odds of shopping at both supermarkets and convenience/dollar stores (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.91) compared to food-secure residents. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that households with VLFS tend to shop more frequently in stores that have less-healthful options, such as convenience/dollar stores. These findings lend support to ongoing community and policy interventions aimed at improving food access among food-insecure populations.
Collapse
|
16
|
Sharpe PA, Wilcox S, Schoffman DE, Baruth M. "Participation, satisfaction, perceived benefits, and maintenance of behavioral self-management strategies in a self-directed exercise program for adults with arthritis". Eval Program Plann 2017; 60:143-150. [PMID: 27863325 PMCID: PMC6252271 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A process evaluation was conducted in conjunction with a controlled trial of a self-directed exercise program among people with arthritis to describe the program's reach; self-management behaviors, exposure to materials, program perceptions, satisfaction, and perceived benefits; compatibility with targeted participants' needs; and maintenance. Participants (n=197) were predominantly white, middle-aged, college-educated women. At 12 weeks, 73.2% had read ≥90% of the program materials (at nine months>70% had "occasionally" or "often" looked back over each of the five parts of the materials); 63.3% had set goals (52.5% at nine months), and 83.9% had "some" or "a lot" of success following their plan (64.2% at nine months), while 90.4% rated the program "good" or "excellent" (87.5% at nine months). At 12 weeks, the majority (89.3%) used written logs to self-monitor (mean=9.3 logs); by nine months, >70% never kept logs. Most (>80%) rated twelve of thirteen program components as helpful, and 98.6% would recommend the program. From 38% to 62.4% endorsed each of eight program benefits, with small declines of ≤9% at nine months. Qualitative response identified ways the program met and did not meet expectations. The main program compatibility issue was targeting all adults with arthritis, while featuring older adults in materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States; Department of Exercise, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
| | - Danielle E Schoffman
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States; Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, 915 Greene Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
| | - Meghan Baruth
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hilfinger Messias DK, Sharpe PA, Del Castillo-González L, Treviño L, Parra-Medina D. Living in Limbo: Latinas' Assessment of Lower Rio Grande Valley Colonias Communities. Public Health Nurs 2016; 34:267-275. [PMID: 27921331 DOI: 10.1111/phn.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Community asset mapping (CAM) is the collective process of identifying local assets and strategizing processes to address public health issues and concerns and improve quality of life. Prior to implementing a community-based physical activity intervention with Latinas in the Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley, promotoras [community health workers] conducted 16 interactive sessions in 8 colonias. The analysis of the transcribed CAM recordings and on-site observational data resulted in the construction of Living in Limbo as the thematic representation of these Latinas' social isolation and marginalization associated with pervasive poverty, undocumented immigration status or lack of citizenship, their fears emanating from threats to physical and emotional safety, and the barriers created by lack of availability and access to resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | | | - Laura Treviño
- Texas A&M University Lower Rio Grande Colonias Program, Weslaco, Texas
| | - Deborah Parra-Medina
- Latino Research Initiative, Mexican American and Latina/o Studies, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jilcott Pitts SB, Wu Q, Sharpe PA, Rafferty AP, Elbel B, Ammerman AS, Payne CR, Hopping BN, McGuirt JT, Wall-Bassett ED. Preferred Healthy Food Nudges, Food Store Environments, and Customer Dietary Practices in 2 Low-Income Southern Communities. J Nutr Educ Behav 2016; 48:735-742.e1. [PMID: 27692628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how food store environments can promote healthful eating, including (1) preferences for a variety of behavioral economics strategies to promote healthful food purchases, and (2) the cross-sectional association between the primary food store where participants reported shopping, dietary behaviors, and body mass index. METHODS Intercept survey participants (n = 342) from 2 midsized eastern North Carolina communities completed questionnaires regarding preferred behavioral economics strategies, the primary food store at which they shopped, and consumption of fruits, vegetables, and sugary beverages. RESULTS Frequently selected behavioral economic strategies included: (1) a token and reward system for fruit and vegetable purchases; and (2) price discounts on healthful foods and beverages. There was a significant association between the primary food store and consumption of fruits and vegetables (P = .005) and sugary beverages (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Future studies should examine associations between elements of the in-store food environment, purchases, and consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Ann P Rafferty
- Department of Public Health, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC
| | - Brian Elbel
- NYU School of Medicine and NYU Wagner School of Public Service, New York, NY
| | - Alice S Ammerman
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention; Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Collin R Payne
- Marketing Department, College of Business, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM
| | - Beth N Hopping
- Center for Advanced Hindsight, Social Science Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Jared T McGuirt
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Elizabeth D Wall-Bassett
- Nutrition & Dietetics Program, School of Health Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Forthofer M, Burroughs-Girardi E, Stoisor-Olsson L, Wilcox S, Sharpe PA, Pekuri LM. Use of formative research and social network theory to develop a group walking intervention: Sumter County on the Move! Eval Program Plann 2016; 58:28-34. [PMID: 27268867 PMCID: PMC6252273 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although social support is a frequently cited enabler of physical activity, few studies have examined how to harness social support in interventions. This paper describes community-based formative research to design a walking program for mobilizing naturally occurring social networks to support increases in walking behavior. Focus group methods were used to engage community members in discussions about desired walking program features. The research was conducted with underserved communities in Sumter County, South Carolina. The majority of focus group participants were women (76%) and African American (92%). Several important themes emerged from the focus group results regarding attitudes toward walking, facilitators of and barriers to walking, ideal walking program characteristics, and strategies for encouraging community members to walk. Most noteably, the role of existing social networks as a supportive influence on physical activity was a recurring theme in our formative research and a gap in the existing evidence base. The resulting walking program focused on strategies for mobilizing, supporting and reinforcing existing social networks as mechanisms for increasing walking. Our approach to linking theory, empirical evidence and community-based formative research for the development of a walking intervention offers an example for practitioners developing intervention strategies for a wide range of behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Forthofer
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29201, United States; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
| | - Ericka Burroughs-Girardi
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Liliana Stoisor-Olsson
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, United States; College of Social Work, Hamilton Building, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Linda M Pekuri
- Formerly of Sumter County Active Lifestyles, 155 Haynesworth Street, Sumter, SC 29150, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to develop and evaluate a training program for volunteer peer educators of Alzheimer's disease caregivers. Curriculum development included a literature review and a focus group needs assessment with 25 caregivers. Eight former caregivers participated in pilot testing of a 10-unit, 30-hour training program to develop knowledge regarding Alzheimer's disease, caregiving, services, resources, and skills for effective communication. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation revealed gains in skills and knowledge, a high level of participant satisfaction, and suggestions for future training. This study suggests that former caregivers who are no longer actively involved in caregiving can acquire new knowledge and skills as peer educators and work with professionals to provide education, support and referral.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Sharpe
- School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | | | - Caroline A. Macera
- South Carolina Statewide Alzheimer's Disease Registry; School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Gerald L. Euster
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kennedy AB, Cambron JA, Sharpe PA, Travillian RS, Saunders RP. Clarifying Definitions for the Massage Therapy Profession: the Results of the Best Practices Symposium. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2016; 9:15-26. [PMID: 27648109 PMCID: PMC5017817 DOI: 10.3822/ijtmb.v9i3.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Massage therapists are at times unclear about the definition of massage therapy, which creates challenges for the profession. It is important to investigate the current definitions and to consider the field as a whole in order to move toward clarity on what constitutes the constructs within the profession. PURPOSE To determine how a sample of experts understand and describe the field of massage therapy as a step toward clarifying definitions for massage and massage therapy, and framing the process of massage therapy practice. SETTING A two-day symposium held in 2010 with the purpose of gathering knowledge to inform and aid in the creation of massage therapy best practice guidelines for stress and low back pain. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two experts in the field of massage therapy from the United States, Europe, and Canada. DESIGN Qualitative analysis of secondary cross-sectional data using a grounded theory approach. RESULTS Three over-arching themes were identified: 1) What is massage?; 2) The multidimensional nature of massage therapy; and 3) The influencing factors on massage therapy practice. DISCUSSION The data offered clarifying definitions for massage and massage therapy, as well as a framework for the context for massage therapy practice. These clarifications can serve as initial steps toward the ultimate goal of creating new theory for the field of massage therapy, which can then be applied in practice, education, research, and policy. CONCLUSIONS Foundational research into how experts in the profession understand and describe the field of massage therapy is limited. Understanding the potential differences between the terms massage and massage therapy could contribute to a transformation in the profession in the areas of education, practice, research, policy and/or regulation. Additionally, framing the context for massage therapy practice invites future discussions to further clarify practice issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann B. Kennedy
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville, Human Performance Lab, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Jerrilyn A. Cambron
- Department of Research at the National University of Health Sciences, Lombard, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Ruth P. Saunders
- University of South Carolina Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Columbia, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Smallwood SW, Freedman DA, Pitner RO, Sharpe PA, Cole JA, Hastie S, Hunter B. Implementing a Community Empowerment Center to Build Capacity for Developing, Implementing, and Sustaining Interventions to Promote Community Health. J Community Health 2016; 40:1122-9. [PMID: 25962954 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-015-0038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The Community Empowerment Center used a community-engaged approach to build capacity among residents to develop and implement interventions focused on creating a healthier environment. The Center partnered with residents living in a public housing community and adjacent low-income neighborhood and provided support through a mini-grant program. A six-session training program guided community members in mini grant development; 25 individuals attended at least one session. Six grant proposals were submitted; three were awarded $12,000 each for intervention implementation. Findings offer a model for engaging residents from low-resource settings in intervention development, implementation, and sustainability for community health promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacy W Smallwood
- Department of Community Health Behavior and Education, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, P.O. Box 8015, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA.
| | - Darcy A Freedman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Prevention Research Center for Healthy Neighborhoods, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ronald O Pitner
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jennie Ann Cole
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Shanna Hastie
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Brittney Hunter
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sharpe PA, Whitaker K, Alia KA, Wilcox S, Hutto B. Dietary Intake, Behaviors and Psychosocial Factors Among Women from Food-Secure and Food-Insecure Households in the United States. Ethn Dis 2016; 26:139-46. [PMID: 27103763 DOI: 10.18865/ed.26.2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine whether macro- and micro-nutrient intake, energy intake, diet quality, adherence to recommended dietary intake, and psychosocial and behavioral factors are associated with household food security. DESIGN Baseline data from in-person interviews and telephone-based, 24-hour dietary recall from women recruited to a diet and physical activity controlled trial. SETTING Neighborhoods encompassing 18 urban census tracts in South Carolina. PARTICIPANTS Participants (n=202) were predominantly African American (87%), overweight or obese women aged 25 to 51 years with mean body mass index of 40.6±8.7. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Macro- and micro-nutrient intake, energy intake, diet quality, adherence to recommended dietary intake (via multi-pass, 24-h recall); diet-related self-efficacy and social support, healthy/lowfat and emotional eating behaviors, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Women in food-secure (FS) and food insecure (FI) households were not different on health and sociodemographic characteristics. Women in FI households had lower self-efficacy and healthy/low-fat eating behaviors, and higher emotional eating and depressive symptoms compared with women in FS households. The groups did not differ on social support. Significant dietary differences were few (FS>FI on protein and lean meat; FS<FI on carbohydrate intake). For 29 of 35 (74%) dietary intake recommendations, less than 75% of women in both groups met each recommendation. CONCLUSIONS While food security status was associated with diet-related psychosocial and behavioral factors, it was associated with few aspects of dietary intake. Dietary intake overall was poor. Participants were not meeting guidelines for a diet supportive of general health or weight loss and management, regardless of food security status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kara Whitaker
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Kassandra A Alia
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Brent Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kennedy AB, Cambron JA, Sharpe PA, Travillian RS, Saunders RP. Process for massage therapy practice and essential assessment. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2016; 20:484-96. [PMID: 27634069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence exists about processes in massage therapy practice. Investigating current frameworks is warranted. This qualitative study is a secondary data analysis using grounded theory to understand how massage therapy experts describe massage therapy practice. METHODS 31 massage therapy experts were invited to a 2-day symposium to discuss best practices for the profession. Through qualitative analysis, memoing, and discussion, the data were summarized into themes. RESULTS Three themes were identified around massage therapy practice: 1) client centered, 2) structure for practice, and 3) influencing factors. Each theme is clarified and expanded. DISCUSSION Conceptual models were developed for research and clinical practice and a definition for massage therapy practice was identified. Challenges and limitations are discussed. CONCLUSION The goal of providing these models is to give massage therapists tools to deliver the best possible care. The models need testing to see if they help advance the profession.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ruth P Saunders
- University of South Carolina, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sharpe PA, Wilcox S, Schoffman DE, Hutto B, Ortaglia A. Association of complementary and alternative medicine use with symptoms and physical functional performance among adults with arthritis. Disabil Health J 2016; 9:37-45. [PMID: 26232355 PMCID: PMC6252270 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research shows high prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in individuals with arthritis. Little is known about CAM use and objectively measured physical functional performance. OBJECTIVE The main objective was to determine if CAM use was associated with self-reported symptoms and physical functional performance in adults with arthritis. The secondary objectives were to describe the perceived helpfulness and correlates of CAM use. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from a self-administered questionnaire and objectively measured physical functional performance prior to randomization to a self-paced exercise program or control condition (n = 401). We used the Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance, and general linear models to examine the association of CAM use with socio-demographic characteristics, symptoms and functional performance. Logistic regression computed the odds of perceiving CAM as helpful by level of use. RESULTS Most respondents had used CAM (76%). Dietary supplements were the most-used (53.1%). Female gender and college education predicted greater number of modalities used. Compared to non-users, use of any CAM was associated with greater fatigue and lower grip strength; relaxation techniques with lower walk distance and gait speed; dietary change with greater pain and stiffness and lower walk distance; and yoga with lower pain and stiffness, greater walk distance, chair stands, seated reach and gait, but lower grip strength. Perceived help was positively associated with the number of modalities used. CONCLUSIONS Associations between CAM and symptoms or functional performance were mixed. Only yoga showed positive associations; however, yoga practitioners were more physically active overall than non-practitioners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Danielle E Schoffman
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA; Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Brent Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Andrew Ortaglia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Messias DKH, Parra-Medina D, Sharpe PA, Treviño L, Koskan AM, Morales-Campos D. Promotoras de Salud: roles, responsibilities, and contributions in a multisite community-based randomized controlled trial. Hisp Health Care Int 2015; 11:62-71. [PMID: 24695944 DOI: 10.1891/1540-4153.11.2.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is widespread recognition of the cultural and linguistic appropriateness of (a Spanish term for community health workers [CHW]) in health education and outreach among Hispanic communities. Yet, there are significant gaps in the literature regarding the preparation, implementation, and evaluation of ' engagement in research. To address this gap, we examine ' research-related training, roles, responsibilities, and contributions in a community-based participatory research project involving a multisite randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a physical activity intervention for Mexican-origin women in Texas and South Carolina. We identify both benefits and challenges associated with ' engagement as community researchers; examine variations and differences in roles and responsibilities related to the research contexts, sites, settings, and individual characteristics; and discuss implications for research and practice.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding body size perceptions and discrepancies among African American women may have implications for effective weight-loss interventions. The purpose of this study is to examine body size perceptions of economically disadvantaged, overweight and obese African American women. DESIGN Cross-sectional using baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. SETTING 18 census tracts in a central South Carolina city where ≥ 25% of residents were below poverty income. PARTICIPANTS 147 economically disadvantaged, overweight and obese African American women. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Using Pulvers' figure rating scale, participants chose the figure: 1) closest to their current figure; 2) they would be satisfied with; and 3) with a body weight that would be a health problem for the average person. Mean body mass indices corresponding to each figure were compared with those in a large sample of White women. RESULTS Most participants wanted to be smaller (mean=2.6 figures smaller) than their current size. A majority (67%) chose the largest figure as representing a body size that could lead to a health problem, and most (60%) chose a current figure smaller than the figure they believed would be associated with health problems. The mean body mass index for women selecting any given figure as their current size was significantly larger (5.2-10.8 kg/m(2) larger, P<.0001) than those established in the sample of White women. CONCLUSIONS Although women desired a smaller body size, there nonetheless were misperceptions of body size and the associated health consequences. Body size misperceptions and/or satisfaction may pose barriers for effective weight-loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Baruth
- 1. Department of Health Science, Saginaw Valley State University
| | | | | | - Sara Wilcox
- 3. Department of Exercise Science and Prevention Research Center at the University of South Carolina
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sharpe PA, Flint S, Burroughs-Girardi EL, Pekuri L, Wilcox S, Forthofer M. Building capacity in disadvantaged communities: development of the community advocacy and leadership program. Prog Community Health Partnersh 2015; 9:113-27. [PMID: 25981431 DOI: 10.1353/cpr.2015.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful community groups have the capacity to mobilize community assets to address needs. Capacity-building education is integral to building competent communities. OBJECTIVES A community-university team developed and pilot tested an education program for community advocates from disadvantaged neighborhoods with high chronic disease burden. METHODS The Community Advocacy and Leadership Program (CALP) included eight monthly workshops, a mini-grant opportunity, and technical assistance. A nominal group with community health practitioners, focus group with community advocates, and a literature search comprised a triangulated educational needs assessment. A participating pretest with 35 community health practitioners guided curriculum refinement. Seven representatives from three community groups in a medically underserved South Carolina county participated in pilot implementation and evaluation. Qualitative and quantitative data informed the process and impact evaluation. RESULTS The mean knowledge score at 1 month after the program was 77% (range, 52%-96%). The mean score on post-program self-assessment of skills improvement was 3.8 out of a possible 4.0 (range, 3.6-4.0). Two groups submitted successful community mini-grant applications for playground improvements, and the third group successfully advocated for public funding of neighborhood park improvements. Participants reported favorable impressions and both personal and community benefits from participation. CONCLUSIONS A community-university partnership successfully conducted a local educational needs assessment and developed and pilot tested a capacity development program within a CBPR partnership. Successes, challenges, and lessons learned will guide program refinement, replication, and dissemination.
Collapse
|
29
|
Schoffman DE, Wilcox S, Kaczynski AT, Child S, Barr-Anderson DJ, Sharpe PA, Forthofer M. Predicting outdoor recreation area use in a Southeastern US county: a signal detection analysis. J Community Health 2014; 39:1101-8. [PMID: 24627153 PMCID: PMC6204069 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-014-9860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Use of outdoor recreation areas (ORAs) is correlated with physical activity (PA) in community-dwelling adults. Additionally, the wide spread availability of ORAs, including their placement in disadvantaged neighborhoods, make them an especially promising venue through which to promote PA. The purpose of this study was to examine the combination of individual-level factors associated with ORA use in a socioeconomically diverse Southeastern US county. A 2011 random digit-dial survey included 829 adults aged 18+ years with complete data; questions assessed PA level and use/perceived safety of ORAs. Signal detection analysis, a non-parametric recursive partitioning technique, identified cutpoints for defining subgroups of respondents based on ORA use. Seven subgroups were defined ranging from 77.2 % ORA use (younger, met PA recommendations) to 31.8 % ORA use (older, perceived ORAs to be less safe). Signal detection did not identify gender or race as important for defining subgroups. Results suggest that gendered and ethnically-focused ORA promotion campaigns might be unnecessary. Instead, efforts could focus on increasing awareness of ORA facilities among older, less active adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Schoffman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, 915 Greene Street, Room 529, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Baruth M, Wilcox S, Sharpe PA, Schoffman DE, Becofsky K. Baseline predictors of physical activity in a sample of adults with arthritis participating in a self-directed exercise program. Public Health 2014; 128:834-41. [PMID: 25204768 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine baseline predictors of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at the 12-week follow-up in a sample of adults with arthritis participating in a self-directed, multicomponent exercise program. STUDY DESIGN Pretest-posttest. Analyses were limited to those randomized to the exercise intervention. METHODS Participants (n = 152) completed a survey assessing demographic, health-related, and arthritis-related factors, and completed anthropometric and functional measurements at baseline. Self-reported MVPA was assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Participants were classified as engaging in ≥2.5 or <2.5 h/week of MVPA at the 12-week follow-up. Baseline demographic, health-related, arthritis-related, and functional factors were examined as predictors of engaging in ≥2.5 h of MVPA. RESULTS At the 12-week follow-up, 66.5% (n = 101) of participants engaged in ≥2.5 h/week of MVPA. Those with a higher body mass index, more days with poor physical health, a greater number of health conditions, self-reported hypertension, self-reported high cholesterol, and greater pain and stiffness were less likely to engage in ≥2.5 h of MVPA at the 12-week follow-up; those with greater arthritis self-efficacy and better performance on the 6 minute walk test were more likely. None of the other factors examined were associated with MVPA. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovered health-related, arthritis-related, and functional factors associated with MVPA that may help guide intervention strategies. Participants with less severe symptoms, better functional performance and fewer comorbidities at baseline were more likely to achieve the recommended MVPA level at 12 weeks; therefore self-directed PA interventions may be best suited for those with relatively good health status despite arthritis, while those with worse symptoms and health status may benefit more from other intervention delivery modalities such as structured, individualized programs where additional support for managing arthritis symptoms and comorbidity can be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Baruth
- Department of Health Sciences, Saginaw Valley State University, 7400 Bay Road, University Center, MI 48710, USA.
| | - S Wilcox
- University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science and Prevention Research Center, USA
| | - P A Sharpe
- University of South Carolina, Prevention Research Center, USA
| | - D E Schoffman
- University of South Carolina, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, USA
| | - K Becofsky
- University of South Carolina, Department of Exercise Science, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Baruth M, Sharpe PA, Parra-Medina D, Wilcox S. Perceived barriers to exercise and healthy eating among women from disadvantaged neighborhoods: results from a focus groups assessment. Women Health 2014; 54:336-53. [PMID: 24617795 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2014.896443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study explored perceptions and experiences with barriers to exercise and healthy eating among women from predominately African American, disadvantaged neighborhoods. Four focus groups (n = 28) were conducted between April and May 2008 with overweight or obese women (93% African American; 34.3 ± 8.9 years; body mass index [BMI] 40.4 ± 8.5). Individual, social, and environmental factors were frequently mentioned as barriers to exercise and healthy eating. Insults from strangers about their body size (e.g., from children or people at the gym), and feelings of intimidation and embarrassment about not being able to complete exercises due to their body size were described as barriers to exercise. Lack of support and pressure from family, friends, and co-workers were barriers to healthy eating; participants experienced pressure from family and friends to eat more and were told they did not need to lose weight. Participants discussed the importance of not losing their curves; this concern needs to be considered when developing weight control programs for African American women. The findings of this qualitative study guided the development of a weight loss intervention for women from disadvantaged neighborhoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Baruth
- a Department of Health Science , Saginaw Valley State University, University Center , Michigan , USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wirth MD, Brandt HM, Dolinger H, Hardin JW, Sharpe PA, Eberth JM. Examining connections between screening for breast, cervical and prostate cancer and colorectal cancer screening. Colorectal Cancer 2014; 3:253-263. [PMID: 25143785 PMCID: PMC4134878 DOI: 10.2217/crc.14.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare participation in breast, cervical and prostate cancer screening with colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. MATERIALS & METHODS This random digit-dialed survey includes participants (aged 50-75 years) from South Carolina (USA). Past participation information in fecal occult blood test, flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, mammography, clinical breast examination, Pap test, prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination was obtained.Adjusted odds ratios are reported. RESULTS Among European-American women, any cervical or breast cancer screening was associated with adherence to any CRC screening. Among African-American women, mammography was associated with adherence to any CRC screening. Digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen tests were associated with adherence to any CRC screening test among all men. CONCLUSION Future research should explore approaches inclusive of cancer screening recommendations for multiple cancer types for reduction of cancer screening disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wirth
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Heather M Brandt
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200 Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Heather Dolinger
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, & Behavior, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200 Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- American Cancer Society, Inc., 128 Stonemark Lane, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - James W Hardin
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street Room 124, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street Room 124, Columbia, SC 29208 USA
| | - Jan M Eberth
- Cancer Prevention & Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wilcox S, Forthofer M, Sharpe PA, Hutto B. Characteristics Of Walking Group Leaders Versus Members In A Community-based Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000494973.47451.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
34
|
Whitaker KM, Sharpe PA, Wilcox S, Hutto BE. Depressive symptoms are associated with dietary intake but not physical activity among overweight and obese women from disadvantaged neighborhoods. Nutr Res 2014; 34:294-301. [PMID: 24774065 PMCID: PMC4004962 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that depressive symptoms are associated with poorer dietary intake and inadequate physical activity; however, this association has not been examined in lower-income overweight and obese African American women. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the associations between depressive symptoms and diet and physical activity in 196 women (87% African American; age, 25-51 years). Higher depressive symptoms were hypothesized to predict poorer diet quality, greater emotional eating, lower physical activity levels, and greater sedentary time. Depressive symptoms were measured using the validated short form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Dietary intake and quality were assessed using three 24-hour dietary recalls. Emotional eating was evaluated using 4 items from the emotional eating subscale of the Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire. Physical activity and sedentary time were objectively measured using the ActiGraph accelerometer. Linear regression models tested the associations between depressive symptoms and each dietary and physical activity outcome variable. Symptoms of depression were positively associated with total daily caloric intake from saturated fat and total sugars, as well as emotional eating scores (P < .05). Although not statistically significant, depressive symptoms were positively associated with sweetened beverage consumption (P = .06) and added sugars (P = .07). Depressive symptoms were not associated with total fat, sodium, fruit and vegetables, fast food consumption, the Alternate Healthy Eating Index score, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, or sedentary time. Future studies should explore the mechanisms linking the identified associations between depressive symptoms and dietary intake, such as the role of emotional eating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kara M Whitaker
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Brent E Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wilcox S, Sharpe PA, Turner-McGrievy G, Granner M, Baruth M. Frequency of consumption at fast-food restaurants is associated with dietary intake in overweight and obese women recruited from financially disadvantaged neighborhoods. Nutr Res 2013; 33:636-46. [PMID: 23890353 PMCID: PMC3758906 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fast-food restaurants are more prevalent in lower-income and predominately African American neighborhoods, where consumption of fast food is also higher. In general populations, fast-food consumption is related to less healthy dietary intake. This cross-sectional study examined the hypotheses that greater fast-food consumption is associated with less healthy dietary intake and poorer diet quality in overweight and obese women (n = 196, 25-51 years, 87% African American) recruited from financially disadvantaged Census tracts. Dietary intake and diet quality (Alternate Healthy Eating Index) were assessed via three 24-hour dietary recalls. Linear regression models tested the association between fast-food consumption and each outcome (model 1). Model 2 added sociodemographics and physical activity. Model 3 added total caloric intake. Fast-food consumption was significantly associated with total caloric intake; total intake of meat, grains, sweetened beverages, dairy, fiber, cholesterol, sodium, and added sugar; and percent of calories from total fat, saturated fat, and trans-fatty acids. Statistically significant associations remained in model 2, but most were not significant in model 3. Fast-food consumption was not associated with diet quality (Alternate Healthy Eating Index) in any model. In this at-risk sample, fast-food consumption was associated with more negative dietary practices. Significant associations generally disappeared when controlling for total caloric intake, suggesting that women who eat more fast food have higher total caloric intakes as a result of increased consumption of unhealthy rather than healthy foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bellinger JD, Brandt HM, Hardin JW, Bynum SA, Sharpe PA, Jackson D. The role of family history of cancer on cervical cancer screening behavior in a population-based survey of women in the Southeastern United States. Womens Health Issues 2013; 23:e197-204. [PMID: 23722075 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to determine the association of self-reported family history of cancer (FHC) on cervical cancer screening to inform a potential link with cancer preventive behaviors in a region with persistent cancer disparities. METHODS Self-reported FHC, Pap test behavior, and access to care were measured in a statewide population-based survey of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer (n = 918). Random-digit dial, computer-assisted telephone interviews were used to contact eligible respondents (adult [ages 18-70] women in South Carolina with landline telephones]. Logistic regression models were estimated using STATA 12. FINDINGS Although FHC+ was not predictive (odds ratio [OR], 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-2.51), private health insurance (OR, 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-4.81) and younger age (18-30 years: OR, 7.76; 95% CI, 1.91, 3.16) were associated with recent Pap test behavior. FHC and cervical cancer screening associations were not detected in the sample. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest targeting older women with screening recommendations and providing available screening resources for underserved women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Bellinger
- Department of Health Services Policy and Management, South Carolina Rural Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sharpe PA, Brandt HM, McCree DH, Owl-Myers E, Taylor B, Mullins G. Development of culturally tailored educational brochures on HPV and pap tests for American Indian women. J Transcult Nurs 2013; 24:282-90. [PMID: 23632451 DOI: 10.1177/1043659613481676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Participatory formative research guided the creation of a culturally tailored educational brochure about human papillomavirus (HPV) at an American Indian women's clinic. METHOD A review of existing educational materials and in-depth interviews were conducted. Nine steps for creating health communications messages that were patterned after National Cancer Institute guidelines guided the brochure development process. RESULTS Of 95 women tested for HPV, 41% were positive, 32 (34%) agreed to the in-depth interview, and 9 agreed to the pretesting interview. Mean age was 41 years. Interviews revealed key themes concerning emotional reactions to abnormal Pap test results and HPV; need for basic information about HPV, Pap tests, and results; concerns about HPV stigma, sexual transmission, and communication with sexual partner; and the preferred source and format for HPV educational materials. A literature review revealed 12 areas of basic HPV content. CONCLUSIONS A participatory process successfully engaged nursing staff and patients in creating culturally appropriate brochures for clinic use. IMPLICATIONS This article provides specific steps for creating culturally tailored patient education materials.
Collapse
|
38
|
McCree DH, Daley EM, Gorbach P, Hamm RM, Sharpe PA, Brandt HM, McFarlane M, Kerndt P, McDermott RJ, Perrin KMK, Lawrence JSS. Awareness of Diagnosis and Knowledge of HPV in Women Patients. American Journal of Health Education 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2010.10599146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ellen M. Daley
- b University of South Florida, College of Public Health , Tampa , FL , 33612
| | - Pamina Gorbach
- c University of California, Los Angeles School of Public Health , Los Angeles , CA , 90089
| | - Robert M. Hamm
- d University of Oklahoma, Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , 73104
| | - Patricia A. Sharpe
- e University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health , Columbia , SC , 29208
| | - Heather M. Brandt
- f University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health , Columbia , SC , 29208
| | - Mary McFarlane
- g Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Atlanta , GA , 30333
| | - Peter Kerndt
- h Los Angeles County Health Department , Los Angeles , CA , 90012
| | - Robert J. McDermott
- i University of South Florida, College of Public Health , Tampa , FL , 33612
| | - Karen M. Kay Perrin
- j University of South Florida, College of Public Health , Tampa , FL , 33612
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Baruth M, Sharpe PA, Hutto B, Wilcox S, Warren TY. Patterns of sedentary behavior in overweight and obese women. Ethn Dis 2013; 23:336-342. [PMID: 23914420 PMCID: PMC3761397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have objectively quantified sedentary behavior, particularly in special population subgroups. This study quantified the volume of and breaks from sedentary behavior in a sample of overweight and obese, primarily African American, women. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING 18 census tracts in Columbia, South Carolina with higher than state and national poverty levels. PARTICIPANTS 197 overweight/obese women (87% African American). Mean age 38.3 +/- 7.6 years, mean body mass index 40.6 +/- 8.8 kg/m2. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Using a cut point of < 100 counts/minute, estimated daily averages of: 1) total volume, 2) > or = 10, 30, and 60-minute bouts, and 3) patterns of sedentary behavior according to time of day and day of the week were computed. Total breaks, or interruptions, in sedentary time were also calculated. RESULTS Participants were sedentary 64.1% of the day, engaging in 10.5 +/- 2.8 daily bouts of sedentary behavior per hour of sedentary time; each bout lasted approximately 6.4 +/- 1.7 minutes. All participants engaged in > or = 1 daily bout of sedentary behavior > or = 10 and > or = 30 minutes, and most (83%) engaged in > or = 1 bout > or = 60 minutes. Participants were slightly more sedentary during the evening (6 pm-midnight) and on weekdays. On average, participants took 90.9 +/- 16.0 breaks from sedentary behavior; each break lasted 3.3 +/- .8 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Women engaged in more sedentary behavior than that reported in national data sets. In an effort to improve public health, efforts should not only focus on increasing physical activity, but also on decreasing time spent sedentary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Baruth
- Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Brandt HM, Dolinger HR, Sharpe PA, Hardin JW, Berger FG. Relationship of colorectal cancer awareness and knowledge with colorectal cancer screening. Colorectal Cancer 2012; 1:383-396. [PMID: 26257828 DOI: 10.2217/crc.12.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim was to describe the association of awareness and knowledge with participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. MATERIALS & METHODS Telephone survey research was conducted with South Carolina (USA) residents aged 50-75 years using a 144-item instrument. Data were analyzed with SAS and Stata. Adjusted odds ratios are reported. RESULTS Respondents (n = 1302) had heard of CRC screening (96%) and exhibited high levels of CRC awareness and knowledge; only 74% had ever been screened. Higher levels of knowledge were associated with a greater likelihood of having ever been screened (odds ratio: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.41; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Results showed high levels of awareness and knowledge, but modest participation in CRC. Transforming awareness and knowledge into CRC screening participation should be a priority.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Brandt
- Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior & Cancer Prevention & Control Program, 915 Greene Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Heather R Dolinger
- Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Patricia A Sharpe
- Arnold School of Public Health, Prevention Research Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James W Hardin
- Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Institute for Families in Society, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Franklin G Berger
- Department of Biological Sciences & Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bynum SA, Brandt HM, Sharpe PA, Williams MS, Kerr JC. Working to close the gap: identifying predictors of HPV vaccine uptake among young African American women. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2011; 22:549-61. [PMID: 21551933 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2011.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Factors associated with greater likelihood of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among women who experience excess cervical cancer incidence and mortality requires further study. The purpose of this study was to assess factors associated with HPV vaccine uptake among young African American women. Three hundred sixty-three African American women aged 18-26 were recruited from Historically Black Colleges/Universities to complete a questionnaire to assess health beliefs associated with HPV vaccination. One quarter of participants reported uptake of the HPV vaccine. Women who reported uptake had significantly higher HPV knowledge, lower perceived barriers to vaccination, and were younger (all p<.05). Factors significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake included HPV knowledge (OR=1.22), perceived severity of health outcomes (OR=0.48), perceived barriers to vaccination (OR=0.49), cues to action (OR=1.94), and age (OR=0.68). Findings can be used to inform the development of targeted HPV vaccine promotion programs for African American women to prevent continued cervical cancer disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalanda A Bynum
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612-9416, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wilcox S, Sharpe PA, Parra-Medina D, Granner M, Hutto B. A randomized trial of a diet and exercise intervention for overweight and obese women from economically disadvantaged neighborhoods: Sisters Taking Action for Real Success (STARS). Contemp Clin Trials 2011; 32:931-45. [PMID: 21864718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower socioeconomic status at both the individual and neighborhood level is associated with increased health risks. Weight loss can reduce this risk, but few high quality weight-loss studies target this population. OBJECTIVES STARS tests a culturally appropriate, group-based behavioral and social support intervention on body weight and waist circumference in women from financially disadvantaged neighborhoods. DESIGN A stratified (by BMI) randomized trial. Randomization to group was generated by a random numbers table with allocation concealment by opaque envelopes. METHODS Participants 25-50 years who had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) and a waist circumference ≥ 88 cm were recruited from 18 census tracts in Columbia, SC with high rates of poverty between November 2008 and November 2010. All participants received a dietary and exercise counseling session. Intervention participants then receive 16 theoretically-based and tailored weekly group sessions followed by 8 weeks of telephone maintenance counseling. Control participants receive 16 weekly health education mailings. Measurements correspond to baseline, post-group intervention, and post-telephone counseling, and for intervention participants, after a 12-week no-contact period. Measurement staff was blinded to group assignment. RESULTS Participants (N=155; n=80 intervention, n=75 minimal intervention control) were primarily African American (86.5%) and averaged 38.9 years with a mean BMI of 40.1 kg/m(2) and waist circumference of 115.4 cm. Food insecurity was reported by 43% of participants. SUMMARY STARS targets an underserved population with an innovative, tailored, and theoretically-grounded, group-based intervention followed by telephone maintenance. If effective, the approach has the potential to be feasible and cost-effective for community delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Wilcox
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bynum SA, Brandt HM, Annang L, Friedman DB, Tanner A, Sharpe PA. Do Health Beliefs, Health Care System Distrust, and Racial Pride Influence HPV Vaccine Acceptability among African American College Females? J Health Psychol 2011; 17:217-26. [DOI: 10.1177/1359105311412833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The promise of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines rests with the ability to promote widespread uptake especially among populations at high risk of cervical cancer and other associated disease outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine health beliefs and culturally specific influences of HPV vaccine acceptability among African American college females. Approximately 76 percent of participants reported HPV vaccine acceptability. Predictors of acceptability included: higher perceived benefit and lower racial pride. Findings can be used to inform development of campus-based HPV educational approaches to promote widespread HPV vaccine acceptability and safer sex practices among African American college females.
Collapse
|
44
|
Bynum SA, Brandt HM, Sharpe PA, Williams MS, Kerr JC. Abstract B35: Working to close the gap: Identifying predictors of HPV vaccine initiation among young African American women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.disp-10-b35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccines are recent innovations that have provided a new avenue for cervical cancer prevention. The role of HPV vaccines among groups of women who experience excess cervical cancer incidence and mortality requires further study. The purpose of this study was to assess health beliefs associated with HPV vaccine initiation among young African American (AA) women.
Methods: Three hundred sixty-three African American female college students aged 18-26 were recruited from three Historically Black Colleges/Universities in the southeastern United States. Participants were asked to complete a self-administered, anonymous survey to assess knowledge and beliefs related to HPV and the HPV vaccine.
Results: One-quarter (24%) of participants initiated the HPV vaccine. Women who initiated the HPV vaccine had significantly higher HPV knowledge (p=0.01), lower perceived barriers to vaccination (p<0.01), and were younger (p<0.01) compared to women who had not initiated vaccination. Factors significantly associated with HPV vaccine initiation included: HPV knowledge (OR=1.22), perceived severity of HPV health outcomes, (OR=0.48), perceived barriers to vaccination, (OR=0.49), cues to action (OR=1.94), and age (OR=0.68). The model explained 19% of the variance in HPV vaccine initiation.
Conclusions: Study findings can be used to inform the development of targeted health education and promotion HPV vaccine programs for AA college-aged women to prevent continued disparities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Addressing health beliefs will be central to efforts to promote widespread vaccine uptake and future reduction in disease.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):B35.
Collapse
|
45
|
Brandt HM, Ranhofer H, Sharpe PA, Hardin JW. Abstract B112: Relationship of colorectal cancer awareness and knowledge with colorectal cancer screening: results of a population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.disp-10-b112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening lags behind screening for other types of cancer despite the ability to prevent the development of CRC and down-stage disease. The purpose was to describe the association of CRC awareness and knowledge with CRC screening.
Methods: Trained interviewers from a professional survey firm conducted computer-assisted, random digit dialed telephone interviews, with landline and cell phone numbers, using a 144-item instrument developed via literature review, expert panel review, and pretesting. South Carolina residents aged 45-75 years were contacted. For this paper, analysis was restricted to respondents aged 50-75 (n=1,302) who fall in the recommended screening age range and answered knowledge, awareness, and screening items. Data were analyzed with SAS and STATA. Odds ratios were adjusted for race and gender.
Results: Respondents (n=1,503) were mostly female (63%), EA (77%), had at least some college education (59%), had household income of less than $49,999 (48%), married or lived with a partner (62%), had health insurance (91%), and unemployed/not working (57.1%). Mean age was 60.3 years (SD=8.6).
A majority of respondents had heard of CRC (91%). Of those who had heard of CRC, the majority had heard of CRC screening (96%). More than half of respondents (69%) could name any of the CRC screening tests. The most common CRC screening test named was colonoscopy (90%). Respondents who had heard of a CRC had greater odds of having had any CRC screening test (aOR=1.71; CI: 1.06-2.76; p<0.028) and colonoscopy (aOR=1.59; CI: 1.03-2.45; p<0.034) than those who had not heard. Respondents who could correctly name at least one CRC screening test had greater odds of having had any CRC screening test (aOR=3.74; CI: 2.76-5.08; p<0.001) and colonoscopy (aOR=3.69; CI: 2.83-4.82; p<0.001) than those who could not name a test. A CRC awareness index score (range 0-4) was created by assigning a +1 to each of four awareness items. A one-unit increase in the awareness score significantly increased respondents being more likely to have had CRC screening test (aOR=1.44; CI: 1.30-1.59; p<0.001), colonoscopy (aOR=1.43; CI: 1.29-1.57; p<0.001), flex sigmoidoscopy (aOR=1.27; CI: 1.13-1.41; p<0.001), or FOBT (aOR=1.13; CI: 1.02-1.25; p<0.016). The CRC knowledge item answered correctly most often was “colon cancer can start as a polyp, which is a small growth found in the colon” (97%) and least often was “colon cancer is most often caused by a person's behavior or lifestyle” (26%). A CRC knowledge index score (range=0-14) represented total number of correct responses. A one unit increase in knowledge score significantly increased respondents being more likely to have had any CRC screening test (aOR=1.05; CI: 1.02-1.10; p<0.004), colonoscopy (aOR=1.05; CI: 1.02-1.09; p<0.004), or FOBT (aOR=1.04, CI: 1.00-1.07; p=0.043). There were also statistically significant differences by race and gender.
Conclusion: Generally, there were high levels of awareness and knowledge scores, but modest participation in CRC screening. Higher levels of awareness and knowledge showed increased likelihood of CRC screening, yet CRC screening rates continue to be lower pointing to the need for interventions in addition to those focused on awareness and knowledge to improve adherence to recommended screening guidelines and reduced CRC cases.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):B112.
Collapse
|
46
|
Granner ML, Sharpe PA, Burroughs EL, Fields R, Hallenbeck J. Newspaper content analysis in evaluation of a community-based participatory project to increase physical activity. Health Educ Res 2010; 25:656-667. [PMID: 19751998 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyp049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study conducted a newspaper content analysis as part of an evaluation of a community-based participatory research project focused on increasing physical activity through policy and environmental changes, which included activities related to media advocacy and media-based community education. Daily papers (May 2003 to December 2005) from both the intervention and comparison counties were reviewed for topics related to physical activity and an active living environment (e.g. safety, policy, urban design, transportation and recreational resources). A total of 2681 articles from 1764 newspapers were analyzed. The intervention county had a greater proportion of articles on the selected topics. Specifically, the intervention county had a greater proportion of articles in topics related to safety, policy and community initiatives, as well as in sidewalks and recreational facilities; both priority areas for the intervention. Prominence of the articles was assessed using a composite index score. Generally, prominence of the topics analyzed was low. Articles in the sidewalks and recreational facilities topic category in the intervention county had higher prominence scores on average than the comparison county. The study demonstrates that media content analysis can be a valuable component in evaluating community-based interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Granner
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89523, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Brandt HM, Bellinger JD, Sharpe PA, Hardin JW. General findings of a population-based HPV telephone survey of women in South Carolina. J S C Med Assoc 2009; 105:263-266. [PMID: 20108715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
48
|
Sharpe PA, Burroughs EL, Granner ML, Wilcox S, Hutto BE, Bryant CA, Peck L, Pekuri L. Impact of a Community-Based Prevention Marketing Intervention to Promote Physical Activity Among Middle-Aged Women. Health Educ Behav 2009; 37:403-23. [DOI: 10.1177/1090198109341929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A physical activity intervention applied principles of community-based participatory research, the community-based prevention marketing framework, and social cognitive theory. A nonrandomized design included women ages 35 to 54 in the southeastern United States. Women ( n = 430 preprogram, n = 217 postprogram) enrolled in a 24-week behavioral intervention and were exposed to a media campaign. They were compared to cross-sectional survey samples at pre- ( n = 245) and postprogram ( n = 820) from the media exposed county and a no-intervention county ( n = 234 pre, n = 822 post). Women in the behavioral intervention had statistically significant positive changes on physical activity minutes, walking, park and trail use, knowledge of mapped routes and exercise partner, and negative change on exercise self-efficacy. Media exposed women had statistically significant pre- to postprogram differences on knowledge of mapped routes. No-intervention women had significant pre- to postprogram differences on physical activity minutes, walking, and knowledge of mapped routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lara Peck
- South Carolina Department of Education, Columbia
| | - Linda Pekuri
- Sumter County Active Lifestyles Coalition, Sumter, South Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Brandt HM, Sharpe PA, McCree DH, Wright MS, Davis J, Hutto BE. HPV Vaccine Acceptance in a Clinic-based Sample of Women in the Rural South. American Journal of Health Education 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2009.10599092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather M. Brandt
- a Arnold School of Public Health , University of South Carolina , 800 Sumter St. HESC, Columbia , SC , 29208
| | - Patricia A. Sharpe
- b Arnold School of Public Health Prevention Research Center , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , 29208
| | - Donna H. McCree
- c National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , 30333
| | - Marcie S. Wright
- d Cancer Prevention and Control Program , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , 29208
| | - Jennifer Davis
- e Cancer Prevention and Control Program , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , 29208
| | - Brent E. Hutto
- f Arnold School of Public Health Prevention Research Center , University of South Carolina , Columbia , SC , 29208
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sharpe PA, Williams HG, Granner ML, Hussey JR. A randomised study of the effects of massage therapy compared to guided relaxation on well-being and stress perception among older adults. Complement Ther Med 2007; 15:157-63. [PMID: 17709060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2007.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2005] [Revised: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effects of massage compared to guided relaxation on stress perception and well-being among older adults. DESIGN A randomised pilot study enrolled adults ages 60 and older to receive 50 min, twice weekly massage therapy or guided relaxation sessions. Questionnaires were administered at pre-test (1 week before the first session) and post-test (after the last session). SETTING Participants came to the University of South Carolina campus for sessions. Adults aged 60 and older were recruited from community venues and were briefly screened by telephone for contraindications. INTERVENTION Participants (n=54) received 50 min massage or guided relaxation sessions twice weekly for 4 weeks. The massage included Swedish, neuromuscular, and myofascial techniques. For the relaxation group, an appropriately trained assistant read a script to guide the participant in using visualization and muscle relaxation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The General Well-being Schedule is an 18-item scale with subscales measuring anxiety, depression, positive well-being, self-control, vitality, and general health. The Perceived Stress Scale is a 14-item scale assessing the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful during the past month. RESULTS Significant improvements were found for the anxiety, depression, vitality, general health, and positive well-being subscales of the General Well-being Schedule and for Perceived Stress among the massage participants compared to guided relaxation. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that massage therapy enhances positive well-being and reduces stress perception among community-dwelling older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|