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Wang J, Gao W, Yu H, Xu Y, Bai C, Cong Q, Zhu Y. Research Progress on the Role of Epigenetic Methylation Modification in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2024; 11:1143-1156. [PMID: 38911291 PMCID: PMC11192199 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s458734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the prevailing form of primary liver cancer, characterized by a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. A pivotal factor in HCC tumorigenesis is epigenetics, specifically the regulation of gene expression through methylation. This process relies significantly on the action of proteins that modify methylation, including methyltransferases, their associated binding proteins, and demethylases. These proteins are crucial regulators, orchestrating the methylation process by regulating enzymes and their corresponding binding proteins. This orchestration facilitates the reading, binding, detection, and catalysis of gene methylation sites. Methylation ences the development, prolisignificantly influferation, invasion, and prognosis of HCC. Furthermore, methylation modification and its regulatory mechanisms activate distinct biological characteristics in HCC cancer stem cells, such as inducing cancer-like differentiation of stem cells. They also influence the tumor microenvironment (TME) in HCC, modulate immune responses, affect chemotherapy resistance in HCC patients, and contribute to HCC progression through signaling pathway feedback. Given the essential role of methylation in genetic information, it holds promise as a potential tool for the early detection of HCC and as a target to improve drug resistance and promote apoptosis in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Infectious Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyue Gao
- Infectious Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Infectious Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Infectious Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changchuan Bai
- Internal Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, 116013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingwei Cong
- Infectious Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Infectious Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People’s Republic of China
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Hang S, Cui B, Wei A, Li Z, Sun H. TET3 Protein Represses Proliferation of the MG-63 Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line by Regulating DNA Demethylation: an Epigenetic Study. Folia Biol (Praha) 2024; 70:113-122. [PMID: 39231319 DOI: 10.14712/fb2024070020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in carcinogenesis. However, the specific role of 5hmC in osteosarcoma (OS) remains largely unexplored. The-re-fore, this study aimed to investigate the function of 5hmC and TET3 in OS. In this study, we found a decreased total level of 5hmC in OS tissues. The expression of the TET3 protein was also decreased in OS. Importantly, the decreased levels of TET3 were associated with a decreased disease-free survival (DFS) rate in patients. To investigate the role of TET3 and 5hmC in OS, we manipulated the levels of TET3 in MG-63 cells. Silencing TET3 in these cells resulted in a twofold increase in proliferation. Additio-nally, the level of 5hmC decreased in these cells. Con-versely, over-expression of TET3 in MG-63 cells led to the expected inhibition of proliferation and invasion, accompanied by an increase in 5hmC levels. In conclusion, both 5hmC and TET3 protein levels were decreased in OS. Additionally, the over-expression of TET3 inhibited the proliferation of MG-63 cells, while the suppression of TET3 had the opposite effect. These findings suggest that decreased levels of 5hmC and TET3 may serve as potential markers for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Hang
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, China
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, China
| | - Bingjun Cui
- Department of Emergency, Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University (The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an), China
| | - Aichun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, China.
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, China.
| | - Zi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Huishan Hospital of Xinglin College, Nantong University, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, China.
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Lee SW, Frankston CM, Kim J. Epigenome editing in cancer: Advances and challenges for potential therapeutic options. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 383:191-230. [PMID: 38359969 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Cancers are diseases caused by genetic and non-genetic environmental factors. Epigenetic alterations, some attributed to non-genetic factors, can lead to cancer development. Epigenetic changes can occur in tumor suppressors or oncogenes, or they may contribute to global cell state changes, making cells abnormal. Recent advances in gene editing technology show potential for cancer treatment. Herein, we will discuss our current knowledge of epigenetic alterations occurring in cancer and epigenetic editing technologies that can be applied to developing therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Lee
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Connor Mitchell Frankston
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jungsun Kim
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Cancer Biology Research Program, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
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