1
|
Liang H, Lam TTY, Fan X, Chen X, Zeng Y, Zhou J, Duan L, Tse M, Chan CH, Li L, Leung TY, Yip CH, Cheung CL, Zhou B, Smith DK, Poon LLM, Peiris M, Guan Y, Zhu H. Expansion of genotypic diversity and establishment of 2009 H1N1 pandemic-origin internal genes in pigs in China. J Virol 2014; 88:10864-74. [PMID: 25008935 PMCID: PMC4178866 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01327-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Two-way transmission of influenza viruses between humans and swine has been frequently observed, and the occurrence of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus (pdm/09) demonstrated that swine-origin viruses could facilitate the genesis of a pandemic strain. Although multiple introductions to and reassortment in swine of the pdm/09 virus have been repeatedly reported in both Eurasia and the Americas, its long-term impact on the development of swine influenza viruses (SIVs) has not been systematically explored. Our comprehensive evolutionary studies of the complete genomes of 387 SIVs obtained from 2009 to 2012 by influenza virus surveillance in China revealed 17 reassortant genotypes with pdm/09-origin genes. Even though the entire 2009 pandemic virus and its surface genes cannot persist, its internal genes have become established and are now the predominant lineages in pigs in the region. The main persistent pdm/09-origin reassortant forms had at least five pdm/09-origin internal genes, and their surface genes were primarily of European avian-like (EA) or human H3N2-like SIV origin. These findings represent a marked change in the evolutionary patterns and ecosystem of SIVs in China. It is possible that the pdm/09-origin internal genes are in the process of replacing EA or triple-reassortant-like internal genes. These alterations in the SIV gene pool need to be continually monitored to assess changes in the potential for SIV transmission to humans. IMPORTANCE Shortly after the emergence of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pdm/09) influenza virus, it was transmitted from humans to pigs and this continues to occur around the world. Many reassortants between pdm/09-origin viruses and enzootic swine influenza viruses (SIVs) have been detected. However, the long-term impact of pdm/09-origin viruses on the SIV gene pool, which could lead to the generation of influenza viruses with the potential to infect humans, has not been systematically examined. From extensive surveillance of SIVs over a 38-month period in southern China, it was found that although neither complete pdm/09 viruses nor their surface genes could persist in pigs, their internal genes did persist. Over the survey period, these internal genes became predominant, potentially replacing those of the enzootic SIV lineages. The altered diversity of the SIV gene pool needs to be closely monitored for changes in the potential for SIV transmission to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Lian Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Maying Tse
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chung-Hei Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tak-Ying Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Hung Yip
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chung-Lam Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Boping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - David K Smith
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Leo Lit-Man Poon
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Malik Peiris
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Huachen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Shenzhen Branch), Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Centre of Influenza Research, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong Kong SAR, China Joint Influenza Research Centre (SUMC/HKU), Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lange J, Groth M, Schlegel M, Krumbholz A, Wieczorek K, Ulrich R, Köppen S, Schulz K, Appl D, Selbitz HJ, Sauerbrei A, Platzer M, Zell R, Dürrwald R. Reassortants of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus and establishment of a novel porcine H1N2 influenza virus, lineage in Germany. Vet Microbiol 2013; 167:345-56. [PMID: 24139631 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incursion of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus (pdmH1N1) into the German pig population was investigated in a serosurvey and by virological means between June 2009 and December 2012. Analysis of 23,116 pig sera from a total of 2,666 herds revealed 224 herds that reacted with pdmH1N1 but not with the prevalent avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus. Sixty-six pdmH1N1 strains and their reassortant derivatives (pdmH1huN2, huH3pdmN1) have been collected since November 2009. Sequencing of three pdmH1N1, 20 pdmH1huN2 and one huH3pdmN1 strains with conventional and next generation sequencing techniques and subsequent phylogenetic analyses with available sequence data revealed the emergence of five distinct reassortant genotypes in Europe. The most frequent genotype emerged at least three times independently, one of which (Papenburg lineage) established a stable infection chain and became more prevalent in pigs than pdmH1N1 in Germany.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Lange
- Department of Virology and Antiviral Therapy, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shao H, Ye J, Vincent AL, Edworthy N, Ferrero A, Qin A, Perez DR. A novel monoclonal antibody effective against lethal challenge with swine-lineage and 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza viruses in mice. Virology 2011; 417:379-84. [PMID: 21774955 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The HA protein of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses (H1N1pdm) is antigenically closely related to the HA of classical North American swine H1N1 influenza viruses (cH1N1). Since 1998, through mutation and reassortment of HA genes from human H3N2 and H1N1 influenza viruses, swine influenza strains are undergoing substantial antigenic drift and shift. In this report we describe the development of a novel monoclonal antibody (S-OIV-3B2) that shows high hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralization titers not only against H1N1pdm, but also against representatives of the α, β, and γ clusters of swine-lineage H1 influenza viruses. Mice that received a single intranasal dose of S-OIV-3B2 were protected against lethal challenge with either H1N1pdm or cH1N1 virus. These studies highlight the potential use of S-OIV-3B2 as effective intranasal prophylactic or therapeutic antiviral treatment for swine-lineage H1 influenza virus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Shao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|