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Liu WD, Feng PH, Cheng CY, Chou CL, Lee CH, Lu MC, Liu PY, Lee MH, Liao CH, Chen MC, Chen CP, Hsu SF, Tzeng YT, Lin YC, Ou TY, Qin A, Tsai CY, Shih WJ, Lee KY, Sheng WH. A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b in Patients with Moderate COVID-19. Infect Dis Ther 2024; 13:1575-1588. [PMID: 38771550 PMCID: PMC11219598 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-024-00992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel mono-pegylated proline-interferon. This clinical study aimed to evaluate its antiviral efficacy of ropeginterferon alfa-2b against SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS This is a multicenter, randomized, open-label study. Adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection with initial cycle threshold (Ct) value < 30 and symptom onset within 4 days were enrolled. Eligible patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive a single 250-µg dose of ropeginterferon alfa-2b subcutaneously plus standard of care (SOC) or to receive SOC alone. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a negative RT-PCR result for SARS-CoV-2 or discharged from the hospital before Day 8. Change in clinical status based on the World Health Organization (WHO) clinical progression scale and pulmonary infiltrations through chest radiograph were also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 132 patients were enrolled and treated with study medication. Higher percentages of patients who achieved Ct ≥ 30 or were discharged from the hospital were observed on Day 8 and every other time point of assessment, i.e., Days 5, 11, 15, and 22, in the ropeginterferon alfa-2b group compared to the SOC alone group. However, the difference was statistically significant on Day 11 but not on Day 8. The primary endpoint was not met. The ropeginterferon alfa-2b group showed a higher improvement rate in lung infiltration on Day 5 (27.6% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.0087) and a higher improvement rate in WHO clinical progression scores on Day 8 (69.4% vs. 35.3%, p = 0.03) than those in the SOC group. No ropeginterferon alfa-2b-related serious adverse event was observed. CONCLUSION Our data show that ropeginterferon alfa-2b with SOC shortened the duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding compared with SOC alone. In addition, ropeginterferon alfa-2b as an additional therapy could be beneficial by improving lung infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Da Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Chou
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chi Lu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsing Liao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chuan Chen
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Pin Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Fu Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Tzeng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Yih Ou
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert Qin
- Department of Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wang-Huei Sheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan, ROC.
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
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Kiladjian JJ, Marin FF, Al-Ali HK, Alvarez-Larrán A, Beggiato E, Bieniaszewska M, Breccia M, Buxhofer-Ausch V, Cerna O, Crisan AM, Danaila CD, De Stefano V, Döhner K, Empson V, Gora-Tybor J, Griesshammer M, Grosicki S, Guglielmelli P, García-Gutierrez V, Heidel FH, Illés A, Tomuleasa C, James C, Koschmieder S, Krauth MT, Krejcy K, Lazaroiu MC, Mayer J, Nagy ZG, Nicolini FE, Palandri F, Pappa V, Reiter AJ, Sacha T, Schlager S, Schmidt S, Terpos E, Unger M, Wölfler A, Cirici BX, Klade C. ROP-ET: a prospective phase III trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in essential thrombocythemia patients with limited treatment options. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:2299-2310. [PMID: 38438627 PMCID: PMC11224110 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05665-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Interferon-based therapies, such as ropeginterferon alfa-2b have emerged as promising disease-modifying agents for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including essential thrombocythemia (ET). Current ET treatments aim to normalize hematological parameters and reduce the thrombotic risk, but they do not modify the natural history of the disease and hence, have no impact on disease progression. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b (trade name BESREMi®), a novel, monopegylated interferon alfa-2b with an extended administration interval, has demonstrated a robust and sustained efficacy in polycythemia vera (PV) patients. Given the similarities in disease pathophysiology and treatment goals, ropeginterferon alfa-2b holds promise as a treatment option for ET. The ROP-ET trial is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm phase III study that includes patients with ET who are intolerant or resistant to, and/or are ineligible for current therapies, such as hydroxyurea (HU), anagrelide (ANA), busulfan (BUS) and pipobroman, leaving these patients with limited treatment options. The primary endpoint is a composite response of hematologic parameters and disease-related symptoms, according to modified European LeukemiaNet (ELN) criteria. Secondary endpoints include improvements in symptoms and quality of life, molecular response and the safety profile of ropeginterferon alfa-2b. Over a 3-year period the trial assesses longer term outcomes, particularly the effects on allele burden and clinical outcomes, such as disease-related symptoms, vascular events and disease progression. No prospective clinical trial data exist for ropeginterferon alfa-2b in the planned ET study population and this study will provide new findings that may contribute to advancing the treatment landscape for ET patients with limited alternatives. TRIAL REGISTRATION: EU Clinical Trials Register; EudraCT, 2023-505160-12-00; Registered on October 30, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Jacques Kiladjian
- CIC 1427, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, 75010, Paris, France.
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, 75010, France.
| | - Francisca Ferrer Marin
- Morales Meseguer University General Hospital, Regional Center of Blood Donation. CIBERER. UCAM. IMIB-Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali
- University Hospital Halle (Saale), Krukenberg Cancer Center Halle, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Eloise Beggiato
- University Hospital City of Health and Science of Turin - Hospital Molinette, Complex Structure of Hematology, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Breccia
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch
- Department of Internal Medicine I for Hematology with Stem Cell Transplantation, Hemostaseology and Medical Oncology, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Olga Cerna
- Clinic of Internal Hematology, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ana-Manuela Crisan
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Center for Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, București, Romania
| | - Catalin Doru Danaila
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | - Valerio De Stefano
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Section of Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Joanna Gora-Tybor
- Department of Hematooncology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Martin Griesshammer
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Ruhr University Bochum, Johannes Wesling Hospital Minden, Minden, Germany
| | | | | | - Valentin García-Gutierrez
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Clinic for Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Arpád Illés
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Ion Chiricuta Institute of Oncology, Hematology Department and Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Chloe James
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, BMC, U1034, F-33600, Pessac, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation (Medical Clinic IV), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maria-Theresa Krauth
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Clinical Department of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Jiri Mayer
- University Hospital Brno, Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zsolt György Nagy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Division of Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Francesca Palandri
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna and Istituto di Ematologia Seràgnoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Andreas Johannes Reiter
- Medical Clinic III, Hematology and Internistic Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tomasz Sacha
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Stefan Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Albert Wölfler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Divison of Hematology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Blanca Xicoy Cirici
- Institut Català d' Oncologia- Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Ferrer-Marín F, Hernández-Boluda JC, Alvarez-Larrán A. Essential thrombocythaemia: A contemporary approach with new drugs on the horizon. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1605-1616. [PMID: 38586911 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Essential thrombocythaemia (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by an increased risk of vascular complications and a tendency to progress to myelofibrosis and acute leukaemia. ET patients have traditionally been stratified into two thrombosis risk categories based on age older than 60 years and a history of thrombosis. More recently, the revised IPSET-thrombosis scoring system, which accounts for the increased risk linked to the JAK2 mutation, has been incorporated into most expert recommendations. However, there is increasing evidence that the term ET encompasses different genomic entities, each with a distinct clinical course and prognosis. Moreover, the effectiveness and toxicity of cytoreductive and anti-platelet treatments differ depending on the molecular genotype. While anti-platelets and conventional cytoreductive agents, mainly hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea), anagrelide and pegylated interferon, remain the cornerstone of treatment, recent research has shed light on the effectiveness of novel therapies that may help improve outcomes. This comprehensive review focuses on the evolving landscape of treatment strategies in ET, with an emphasis on the role of molecular profiling in guiding therapeutic decisions. Besides evidence-based management according to revised IPSET-thrombosis stratification, we also provide specific observations for those patients with CALR-, MPL-mutated and triple-negative ET, as well as cases with high-risk mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Ferrer-Marín
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario Morales-Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-ISC III, Universidad Católica San Antonio (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Hernández-Boluda
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, INCLIVA, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Alvarez-Larrán
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Suo SS, Fu RF, Qin A, Shao ZH, Bai J, Chen SN, Duan MH, Zhou H, Xu N, Zhang SJ, Zuo XL, Du X, Wang L, Li P, Zhang XH, Wu DX, Li YN, Zhang JJ, Wang W, Shen WH, Zagrijtschuk O, Sato T, Xiao ZJ, Jin J. Effective Management of Polycythemia Vera With Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b Treatment. J Hematol 2024; 13:12-22. [PMID: 38644985 PMCID: PMC11027776 DOI: 10.14740/jh1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a new-generation polyethylene glycol-conjugated proline-interferon. It is approved for the treatment of PV at a starting dose of 100 µg (50 µg for patients receiving hydroxyurea (HU)) and dose titrations up to 500 µg by 50 µg increments. The study was aimed at assessing its efficacy and safety at a higher starting dose and simpler intra-patient dose escalation. Methods Forty-nine patients with PV having HU intolerance from major hospitals in China were treated biweekly with an initial dose of 250 µg, followed by 350 µg and 500 µg thereafter if tolerated. Complete hematological response (CHR) was assessed every 12 weeks based on the European LeukemiaNet criteria. The primary endpoint was the CHR rate at week 24. The secondary endpoints included CHR rates at weeks 12, 36 and 52, changes of JAK2V617F allelic burden, time to first CHR, and safety assessments. Results The CHR rates were 61.2%, 69.4% and 71.4% at weeks 24, 36, and 52, respectively. Mean allele burden of the driver mutation JAK2V617F declined from 58.5% at baseline to 30.1% at 52 weeks. Both CHR and JAK2V617F allele burden reduction showed consistent increases over the 52 weeks of the treatment. Twenty-nine patients (63.0%) achieved partial molecular response (PMR) and two achieved complete molecular response (CMR). The time to CHR was rapid and median time was 5.6 months according to central lab results. The CHRs were durable and median CHR duration time was not reached at week 52. Mean spleen index reduced from 55.6 cm2 at baseline to 50.2 cm2 at week 52. Adverse events (AEs) were mostly mild or moderate. Most common AEs were reversible alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increases, which were not associated with significant elevations in bilirubin levels or jaundice. There were no grade 4 or 5 AEs. Grade 3 AEs were reversible and manageable. Only one AE led to discontinuation. No incidence of thromboembolic events was observed. Conclusion The 250-350-500 µg dosing regimen was well tolerated and effectively induced CHR and MR and managed spleen size increase. Our findings demonstrate that ropeginterferon alfa-2b at this dosing regimen can provide an effective management of PV and support using this dosing regimen as a treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Shan Suo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- These authors contributed equally to this study
| | - Rong Feng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- These authors contributed equally to this study
| | - Albert Qin
- Medical Research & Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Zong Hong Shao
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Bai
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Su Ning Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Hui Duan
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Na Xu
- Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Su Jiang Zhang
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Lan Zuo
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Du
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Han Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dao Xiang Wu
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Ning Li
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | | | - Wei Wang
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Hong Shen
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | | | - Toshiaki Sato
- PharmaEssentia Japan K.K., Motoakasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhi Jian Xiao
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Li C, Li T, Tian X, An W, Wang Z, Han B, Tao H, Wang J, Wang X. Research progress on the PEGylation of therapeutic proteins and peptides (TPPs). Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1353626. [PMID: 38523641 PMCID: PMC10960368 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1353626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of genetic and protein engineering, proteins and peptides have emerged as promising drug molecules for therapeutic applications. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in the field of chemical modification technology to address challenges associated with their clinical use, including rapid clearance from circulation, immunogenicity, physical and chemical instabilities (such as aggregation, adsorption, deamination, clipping, oxidation, etc.), and enzymatic degradation. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification offers an effective solution to these issues due to its favorable properties. This review presents recent progress in the development and application of PEGylated therapeutic proteins and peptides (TPPs). For this purpose, firstly, the physical and chemical properties as well as classification of PEG and its derivatives are described. Subsequently, a detailed summary is provided on the main sites of PEGylated TPPs and the factors that influence their PEGylation. Furthermore, notable instances of PEG-modified TPPs (including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), interferon, asparaginase and antibodies) are highlighted. Finally, we propose the chemical modification of TPPs with PEG, followed by an analysis of the current development status and future prospects of PEGylated TPPs. This work provides a comprehensive literature review in this promising field while facilitating researchers in utilizing PEG polymers to modify TPPs for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Li
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinya Tian
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Wei An
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumin Wang
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Vachhani P, Mascarenhas J, Bose P, Hobbs G, Yacoub A, Palmer JM, Gerds AT, Masarova L, Kuykendall AT, Rampal RK, Mesa R, Verstovsek S. Interferons in the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Ther Adv Hematol 2024; 15:20406207241229588. [PMID: 38380373 PMCID: PMC10878223 DOI: 10.1177/20406207241229588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Interferons are cytokines with immunomodulatory properties and disease-modifying effects that have been used to treat myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) for more than 35 years. The initial use of interferons was limited due to difficulties with administration and a significant toxicity profile. Many of these shortcomings were addressed by covalently binding polyethylene glycol to the interferon structure, which increases the stability, prolongs activity, and reduces immunogenicity of the molecule. In the current therapeutic landscape, pegylated interferons are recommended for use in the treatment of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. We review recent efficacy, molecular response, and safety data for the two available pegylated interferons, peginterferon alfa-2a (Pegasys) and ropeginterferon alfa-2b-njft (BESREMi). The practical management of interferon-based therapies is discussed, along with our opinions on whether to and how to switch from hydroxyurea to one of these therapies. Key topics and questions related to use of interferons, such as their safety and tolerability, the significance of variant allele frequency, advantages of early treatment, and what the future of interferon therapy may look like, will be examined. Pegylated interferons represent an important therapeutic option for patients with MPNs; however, more research is still required to further refine interferon therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankit Vachhani
- Hematology Oncology at The Kirklin Clinic of UAB Hospital, North Pavilion, Room 2540C, 1720 2 Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294-3300, USA
| | - John Mascarenhas
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prithviraj Bose
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Hobbs
- Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abdulraheem Yacoub
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Westwood, KS, USA
| | | | - Aaron T. Gerds
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lucia Masarova
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew T. Kuykendall
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Raajit K. Rampal
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruben Mesa
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Liu WD, Hou HA, Li KJ, Qin A, Tsai CY, Sheng WH. Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b in COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities. Adv Ther 2024; 41:847-856. [PMID: 38010606 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ropeginterferon alfa-2b represents a new-generation PEGylated interferon. It is approved for the treatment of polycythemia vera and shows promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities. OBJECTIVE This clinical study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbidities. METHODS The randomized controlled study is designed to enroll adult patients with COVID-19 infection and comorbidities. Patients are non-responders to anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs or not suitable to receive them. Comorbidities include hematologic cancer, solid tumor, and well-controlled autoimmune disease. Non-responders to anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs are defined as having received treatment but have a Ct value < 30 at 14 days after symptom onset. Patients are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive ropeginterferon alfa-2b at 250 μg plus standard of care (SOC) or SOC alone. SARS-CoV-2 antigen test will be conducted at day 15 and day 29 visits to determine whether to administer additional ropeginterferon alfa-2b doses. Patients who are positive on the antigen test on days 15 and 29 will receive the second and third doses of ropeginterferon alfa-2b at 350 μg and 500 μg, respectively. Patients with a negative antigen test but a Ct value < 30 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at days 15 and 29 are also administered the second (350 μg) and third (500 μg) doses. Patients at high risk of COVID-19 rebound/relapse, e.g., immunocompromised patients, will be given additional ropeginterferon alfa-2b doses even if the Ct is ≥ 30. Approximately 60 patients will be enrolled. PLANNED OUTCOMES The primary outcome is to compare the time from randomization to the achievement of Ct value ≥ 30 by RT-PCR between ropeginterferon alfa-2b and control groups. Our previous studies have shown safety and promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19. This study will provide valuable data in patients with COVID-19 and comorbidities, for whom safe and effective treatment is urgently needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT05808322).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Da Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Hou
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Jen Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert Qin
- Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Tsai
- Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Huei Sheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 1, Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
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Lo CC, Chuang WL, Kuo HT, Chen WM, Qin A, Tsai CY, Huang YW, Chen CY. A therapeutic dose and its pharmacokinetics of ropeginterferon Alfa-2b for hepatitis C treatment. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:55-61. [PMID: 37666718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel mono-pegylated proline-interferon. Its biweekly dosing schema has demonstrated tolerability and clinical efficacy for treating chronic hepatitis in previous clinical studies. This trial evaluates the pharmacokinetics of 400 μg ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) and provides the data to support the clinical utility of ropeginterferon alfa-2b at 400 μg. METHODS Seventeen patients with chronic HCV genotype 2 were enrolled to receive a single injection of 400 μg ropeginterferon alfa-2b plus 14-day treatment of ribavirin. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and HCV RNA reduction/clearance were assessed. RESULTS Tmax was 154.003 h and T1/2 was 114.273 h. The Cmax was 29.823 ng mL-1. AUClast was 9364.292 h∗ng mL-1 and AUCinf was 11084.317 h∗ng mL-1. All adverse events were mild or moderate, and there were no serious adverse events. A 1000-fold reduction in the geometric mean of HCV RNA was observed 14 d after the single injection of ropeginterferon alfa-2b. Two patients achieved clearance of HCV RNA, and the other five patients had HCV RNA levels lower than 200 IU mL-1. CONCLUSION Ropeginterferon alfa-2b at 400 μg led to PK exposures associated with safety and notable clinical activity in patients with chronic HCV. This study suggests that ropeginterferon alfa-2b at 400 μg is an acceptable dosing regimen for treating chronic HCV and also provides supporting data for the clinical use of ropeginterferon alfa-2b at a higher starting dose for other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chu Lo
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Tao Kuo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center - Yongkang, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Chen
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Albert Qin
- Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Tsai
- Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Huang
- Medical Research and Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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Qin A, Wu CR, Ho MC, Tsai CY, Chen PJ. Sequential Therapy with Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b and Anti-Programmed Cell Death 1 Antibody for Inhibiting the Recurrence of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Animal Modeling to Phase I Clinical Results. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:433. [PMID: 38203603 PMCID: PMC10778875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually recurs after curative surgical resection. Currently, no approved adjuvant therapy has been shown to reduce HCC recurrence rates. In this study, the in vivo effect of sequential combination treatment with recombinant mouse interferon-alpha (rmIFN-α) and an anti-mouse-PD1 antibody on hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance in mice was evaluated. A Phase I clinical trial was then conducted to assess the safety, tolerability, and inhibitory activity of sequential therapy with ropeginterferon alfa-2b and nivolumab in patients with HCC recurrence who underwent curative surgery for HBV-related HCC. The animal modeling study showed that HBV suppression was significantly greater with the rmIFN-α and anti-PD1 sequential combination treatment in comparison with sole treatment with rmIFN-α or anti-PD1. In the Phase I study, eleven patients completed the sequential therapy with ropeginterferon alfa-2b every two weeks for six doses at 450 µg, followed by three doses of nivolumab every two weeks up to 0.75 mg/kg. A notable decrease in or clearance of HBV surface antigen was observed in two patients. The dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase increases was observed in one patient. The maximum tolerated dose was then determined. To date, no HCC recurrence has been observed. The treatment modality was well tolerated. These data support the further clinical development of sequential combination therapy as a post-surgery prophylactic measure against the recurrence of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Qin
- Medical Research & Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ru Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Ho
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Yen Tsai
- Medical Research & Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Popova-Labachevska M, Cvetanoski M, Ridova N, Trajkova S, Stojanovska-Jakimovska S, Mojsovska T, Stojanoski Z, Pivkova-Veljanovska A, Panovska-Stavridis I. Effectiveness of Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B in High-Risk Patients with Philadelphia Chromosome Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms- Evaluation of Clinicohaematologic Response, and Safety Profile: Single Centre Experience. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2023; 44:57-62. [PMID: 38109450 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2023-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Background: Treatment of Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (Ph - MPNs) requires individualized approach depending on multiple factors. Novel pegylated Interferon (IFN) formulations have become an attractive therapeutic option in young Ph- MPN patients associated with better patient compliance. Methods: In this retrospective observational study a total of 16 high-risk Ph- MPN patients treated off-label with ropeginterferon alfa-2b given twice monthly, were included. Median follow-up was 24 months. High-risk patients were defined using the IPSET score. Response to treatment was evaluated using ELN, IWG-MET EUMNET standardized criteria and occurrence of side effects was documented. Results: 11 patients were female (68.8%) and 5 male (31.2%); average age at diagnosis was 36 years (17-51); 12 patients (75%) had ET, one (6.2%) PV and three (18.8%) hypercellular phase of PMF. JAK2V617F mutation was detected in 10 patients (62.5%), CALR in three (18.8%), and three (18.7%) were triple-negative cases. In 7 patients (43.7%), ropeginterferon alfa-2b was used in first-line, and 9 (56.3%) were previously treated with HU and/or standard IFN. Among initially ropeginterferon alfa-2b treated patients, complete haematological response was observed in 4/7 (57.1%), partial in 2/7 (28.6%) and suboptimal in one (14.3%). Complete haematological response was observed in 8/9 (88.9%) among previously treated patients. Average time to blood count normalization was 8 weeks, at a dose ranging between 100mcg and 300mcg. Side effects were observed in one patient (6.2%). Conclusion: Our experience is in support of previous studies regarding ropeginterferon alfa-2b efficacy and safety profile in the treatment of young patients with Ph- MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Popova-Labachevska
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Milche Cvetanoski
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Nevenka Ridova
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Sanja Trajkova
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | | | - Tara Mojsovska
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | - Zlate Stojanoski
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
| | | | - Irina Panovska-Stavridis
- 1University clinic of hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, RN Macedonia
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Yoon SY, Kim SY. Long-acting interferon: pioneering disease modification of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Korean J Intern Med 2023; 38:810-817. [PMID: 37939664 PMCID: PMC10636537 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2023.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells. The malignant clones produce cytokines that drive self-perpetuating inflammatory responses and tend to transform into more aggressive clones, leading to disease progression. The progression of MPNs follows a biological sequence from the early phases of malignancy, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocythemia, to advanced myelofibrosis and leukemic transformation. To date, the treatment of MPNs has focused on preventing thrombosis by decreasing blood cell counts and relieving disease-related symptoms. However, interferon (IFN) has been used to treat MPNs because of its ability to attack cancer cells directly and modulate the immune system. IFN also has the potential to modulate diseases by inhibiting JAK2 mutations, and recent studies have demonstrated clinical and molecular improvements. Long-acting IFN is administered less frequently and has fewer adverse effects than conventional IFN. The current state of research on long-acting IFN in patients with MPNs is discussed, along with future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seug Yun Yoon
- Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Sung-Yong Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul,
Korea
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12
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Morishita S, Komatsu N. Diagnosis- and Prognosis-Related Gene Alterations in BCR::ABL1-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13008. [PMID: 37629188 PMCID: PMC10455804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241613008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BCR::ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of hematopoietic malignancies in which somatic mutations are acquired in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, resulting in an abnormal increase in blood cells in peripheral blood and fibrosis in bone marrow. Mutations in JAK2, MPL, and CALR are frequently found in BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs, and detecting typical mutations in these three genes has become essential for the diagnosis of BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs. Furthermore, comprehensive gene mutation and expression analyses performed using massively parallel sequencing have identified gene mutations associated with the prognosis of BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs such as ASXL1, EZH2, IDH1/2, SRSF2, and U2AF1. Furthermore, single-cell analyses have partially elucidated the effect of the order of mutation acquisition on the phenotype of BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs and the mechanism of the pathogenesis of BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs. Recently, specific CREB3L1 overexpression has been identified in megakaryocytes and platelets in BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs, which may be promising for the development of diagnostic applications. In this review, we describe the genetic mutations found in BCR::ABL1-negative MPNs, including the results of analyses conducted by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soji Morishita
- Development of Therapies against MPNs, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Hematology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkuo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Development of Therapies against MPNs, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Advanced Hematology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkuo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- PharmaEssentia Japan, Akasaka Center Building 12 Fl, 1-3-13 Motoakasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0051, Japan
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Jin J, Zhang L, Qin A, Wu D, Shao Z, Bai J, Chen S, Duan M, Zhou H, Xu N, Zhang S, Zuo X, Du X, Wang L, Li P, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang W, Shen W, Zagrijtschuk O, Urbanski R, Sato T, Xiao Z. A new dosing regimen of ropeginterferon alfa-2b is highly effective and tolerable: findings from a phase 2 study in Chinese patients with polycythemia vera. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:55. [PMID: 37344895 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ropeginterferon alfa-2b represents a new-generation pegylated interferon-based therapy and is administered every 2-4 weeks. It is approved for polycythemia vera (PV) treatment in the United States and Europe with a starting dose of 100 µg (50 µg for patients receiving hydoxyurea) and intra-patient dose titrations up to 500 µg at 50 µg increments, which took approximately 20 or more weeks to reach a plateau dose level. This study aimed to assess ropeginterferon alfa-2b at an alternative dosing regimen with a higher starting dose and quicker intra-patient dose titrations, i.e., the 250-350-500 μg schema, in 49 Chinese patients with PV with resistance or intolerance to hydroxyurea. The primary endpoint of the complete hematologic response rate at treatment weak 24 was 61.2%, which was notably higher than 43.1% at 12 months with the approved dosing schema. The JAK2V617F allele burden decreased from baseline to week 24 (17.8% ± 18.0%), with one patient achieving a complete molecular response. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b was well-tolerated and most adverse events (AEs) were mild or moderate. Common AEs included alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increases mostly at grade 1 or 2 levels. Patients did not present with jaundice or significant bilirubin level increase. No grade 4 or 5 AEs occurred. Seven patients (14.3%) experienced reversible, drug-related grade 3 AEs. No AEs led to treatment discontinuation. Ropeginterferon alfa-2b at the 250-350-500 μg regimen is highly effective and well-tolerated and can help patients achieve greater and rapid complete hematologic and molecular responses.Clinical Trial Registration: This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05485948) and in China (China National Medical Products Administration Registration Number: CTR20211664).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Albert Qin
- Medical Research & Clinical Operations, PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Daoxiang Wu
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Zonghong Shao
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Bai
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Suning Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minghui Duan
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Na Xu
- Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sujiang Zhang
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelan Zuo
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Du
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei Li
- Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhan Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yaning Li
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Shen
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Limited, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Toshiaki Sato
- PharmaEssentia Japan K. K, Motoakasaka, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Jin J, Qin A, Zhang L, Shen W, Wang W, Zhang J, Li Y, Wu D, Xiao Z. A phase II trial to assess the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon α-2b in Chinese patients with polycythemia vera. Future Oncol 2023. [PMID: 37129584 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ropeginterferon α-2b is a mono-PEGylated proline-interferon for the treatment of polycythemia vera (PV). This drug is used biweekly with a starting dose of 100 μg (50 μg if patients receiving hydroxyurea) and 50 μg increments up to a maximum dose of 500 μg. Increasing evidence indicates that patients can tolerate higher starting doses of ropeginterferon α-2b. This phase II trial utilizes 250 μg as the starting dose, 350 μg at week 2 and 500 μg at week 4 as the target dose. Doses can be adjusted according to tolerability. This study assesses the safety, efficacy and molecular response of ropeginterferon α-2b in Chinese patients with PV utilizing the 250-350-500 μg dosing schema. This study will be used to support the application of a biologics license for PV treatment in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Albert Qin
- PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Weihong Shen
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yaning Li
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Daoxiang Wu
- PharmaEssentia Biotech (Beijing) Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijian Xiao
- Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Krecak I, Skelin M, Verstovsek S. Evaluating ropeginterferon alfa-2b for the treatment of adults with polycythemia vera. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:305-316. [PMID: 37002907 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2199151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interferons (IFNs) have been used for decades to treat polycythemia vera (PV). Single-arm clinical trials assessing IFN in PV patients demonstrated high hematological and molecular response rates, indicating potential disease-modifying activity of IFN. However, discontinuation rates of IFNs have been rather high due to frequent treatment-related side-effects. AREAS COVERED Ropeginterferon alfa-2b (ROPEG) is a monopegylated IFN consisting of a single isoform, which differentiates it from previous IFNs with respect to tolerability and dosing frequency. ROPEG has improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, which allow extended dosing every 2 weeks and monthly administration during maintenance phase. This review covers ROPEG's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, presents results of randomized clinical trials (RCT) that evaluated ROPEG in the treatment of PV patients, and discusses contemporary findings regarding the potential disease-modifying activity of ROPEG. EXPERT OPINION RCT have demonstrated high rates of hematological and molecular responses in PV patients treated with ROPEG, irrespective of thrombotic risk. Drug discontinuation rates were generally low. However, even though RCT captured the most important surrogate endpoints of thrombotic risk and disease progression in PV, they were not statistically powered to fully determine whether therapeutic intervention with ROPEG indeed has a direct positive effect on these important clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Krecak
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Sibenik-Knin County, Sibenik, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marko Skelin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Pharmacy Department, General Hospital of Šibenik-Knin County, Šibenik, Croatia
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Essential Thrombocythemia. J Nurse Pract 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Qin A, Urbanski RW, Yu L, Ahmed T, Mascarenhas J. An alternative dosing strategy for ropeginterferon alfa-2b may help improve outcomes in myeloproliferative neoplasms: An overview of previous and ongoing studies with perspectives on the future. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1109866. [PMID: 36776307 PMCID: PMC9913265 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1109866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel, long-acting mono-pegylated proline-IFN-alpha-2b approved for treatment of polycythemia vera in adults, regardless of thrombotic risk level or treatment history. Clinical trial data indicate the dose and titration of ropeginterferon alfa-2b is safe and effective. However, additional studies may provide rationale for an amended, higher initial dosage and rapid titration. This article is an overview of current and upcoming studies of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in myeloproliferative neoplasms that support the exploration of an amended dosing scheme in order to optimize patient tolerability and efficacy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Qin
- PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Lennex Yu
- PharmaEssentia Corporation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tasfia Ahmed
- PharmaEssentia USA Corporation, Burlington, MA, United States
| | - John Mascarenhas
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: John Mascarenhas,
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Qin A. An anti-cancer surveillance by the interplay between interferon-beta and retinoblastoma protein RB1. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1173467. [PMID: 37182173 PMCID: PMC10174298 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1173467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-beta (IFN-β), an extracellular cytokine that initiates signaling pathways for gene regulation, has been demonstrated to function as a tumor suppressor protein through lentiviral gene transduction. In this article, I review the relevant previous works and propose a cell cycle-based, tumor suppressor protein-mediated mechanism of anti-cancer surveillance. IFN-β induces a tumor cell cycle alteration that leads to S phase accumulation, senescence entry, and a loss of tumorigenicity in solid tumor cells. IFN-β does not show a significant cell cycle effect in their normal counterparts. Retinoblastoma protein RB1, another tumor suppressor protein, tightly controls the cell cycle and differentiation of normal cells, preventing them from being significantly impacted by the IFN-β effect. The interplay between IFN-β and RB1 acts as a mechanism of cell cycle-based, tumor suppressor protein-mediated anti-cancer surveillance that can selectively suppress solid tumor or proliferating transformed cells from the loss of control leading to cancer. This mechanism has important implications for the treatment of solid tumors.
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Zolna R. Advanced detection, personalized treatment and equitable care: welcome to the future of oncology. Future Oncol 2023; 19:1-4. [PMID: 36971573 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Zolna
- Future Medicine Ltd, Unitec House, 2 Albert Place, London, N3 1QB, UK
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Rampotas A, Hargreaves R, McLornan DP. Challenges of diagnosing and managing pre-fibrotic myelofibrosis: A case-based and practical approach. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2022; 35:101378. [PMID: 36333067 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2022.101378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pre-Fibrotic Myelofibrosis is a frequently under-recognised entity that has distinct features separate to those of both Essential Thrombocythaemia and overt Primary Myelofibrosis. Misdiagnosis is relatively common due to subtle differences in bone marrow trephine morphology and multidisciplinary approaches are required. The clinical phenotype and disease course is heterogeneous and hence management approaches tend to vary widely. Although patients may initially be asymptomatic, disease-related complications can include troublesome symptom burdens, increased incidence of both arterial and venous thromboses, haemorrhage, anaemia and an inherent risk of disease evolution to either overt myelofibrosis or blastic phase disease. Specific prognostic tools with high discriminatory power are lacking. Within this review we use case-based approaches to review the current literature, highlight challenges in both diagnostics and disease management and suggest contemporary approaches to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Rampotas
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals, 250 Euston Road, London, UK
| | - Rupen Hargreaves
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals, 250 Euston Road, London, UK
| | - Donal P McLornan
- Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals, 250 Euston Road, London, UK.
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