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Rout AK, Dehury B, Parida SN, Rout SS, Jena R, Kaushik N, Kaushik NK, Pradhan SK, Sahoo CR, Singh AK, Arya M, Behera BK. A review on structure-function mechanism and signaling pathway of serine/threonine protein PIM kinases as a therapeutic target. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132030. [PMID: 38704069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The proviral integration for the Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, belonging to serine/threonine kinase family, have been found to be overexpressed in various types of cancers, such as prostate, breast, colon, endometrial, gastric, and pancreatic cancer. The three isoforms PIM kinases i.e., PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3 share a high degree of sequence and structural similarity and phosphorylate substrates controlling tumorigenic phenotypes like proliferation and cell survival. Targeting short-lived PIM kinases presents an intriguing strategy as in vivo knock-down studies result in non-lethal phenotypes, indicating that clinical inhibition of PIM might have fewer adverse effects. The ATP binding site (hinge region) possesses distinctive attributes, which led to the development of novel small molecule scaffolds that target either one or all three PIM isoforms. Machine learning and structure-based approaches have been at the forefront of developing novel and effective chemical therapeutics against PIM in preclinical and clinical settings, and none have yet received approval for cancer treatment. The stability of PIM isoforms is maintained by PIM kinase activity, which leads to resistance against PIM inhibitors and chemotherapy; thus, to overcome such effects, PIM proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are now being developed that specifically degrade PIM proteins. In this review, we recapitulate an overview of the oncogenic functions of PIM kinases, their structure, function, and crucial signaling network in different types of cancer, and the potential of pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors. Further, our comprehensive review also provides valuable insights for developing novel antitumor drugs that specifically target PIM kinases in the future. In conclusion, we provide insights into the benefits of degrading PIM kinases as opposed to blocking their catalytic activity to address the oncogenic potential of PIM kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaya Kumar Rout
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Budheswar Dehury
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, India
| | - Satya Narayan Parida
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushree Swati Rout
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756089, Odisha, India
| | - Rajkumar Jena
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore-756089, Odisha, India
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong si, South Korea
| | | | - Sukanta Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751003, Odisha, India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Bhubaneswar-751023, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Singh
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Arya
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Bijay Kumar Behera
- Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Chen X, Zhao J, Chen R, Shen L, Lu J, Guo Y, Chi X, Geng S, Zhang Q, Pan Z, He X, Xu L, Shen Z, Yang H, Lei T. Identification and assessment of new PIM2 inhibitors for treating hematologic cancers: A combined approach of energy-based virtual screening and machine learning evaluation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300516. [PMID: 38263717 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PIM2, part of the PIM kinase family along with PIM1 and PIM3, is often overexpressed in hematologic cancers, fueling tumor growth. Despite its significance, there are no approved drugs targeting it. In response to this challenge, we devised a thorough virtual screening workflow for discovering novel PIM2 inhibitors. Our process includes molecular docking and diverse scoring methods like molecular mechanics generalized born surface area, XGBOOST, and DeepDock to rank potential inhibitors by binding affinities and interaction potential. Ten compounds were selected and subjected to an adequate evaluation of their biological activity. Compound 2 emerged as the most potent inhibitor with an IC50 of approximately 135.7 nM. It also displayed significant activity against various hematological cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the binding mode of compound 2 with PIM2, offering insights for drug development. These results highlight the reliability and efficacy of our virtual screening workflow, promising new drugs for hematologic cancers, notably ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Lymphoma, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Roufen Chen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liteng Shen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialiang Lu
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinglong Chi
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Geng
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingnan Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Pan
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinjun He
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Zheyuan Shen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Lymphoma, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Lymphoma, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Chen S, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Bo Liu. Targeting PIM kinases in cancer therapy: An update on pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116016. [PMID: 38071792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
PIM kinases, a serine/threonine kinase family with three isoforms, has been well-known to participate in multiple physiological processes by phosphorylating various downstream targets. Accumulating evidence has recently unveiled that aberrant upregulation of PIM kinases (PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3) are closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, migration, survival, and even resistance. Inhibiting or silencing of PIM kinases has been reported have remarkable antitumor effects, such as anti-proliferation, pro-apoptosis and resensitivity, indicating the therapeutic potential of PIM kinases as potential druggable targets in many types of human cancers. More recently, several pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors have been preclinically and clinically evaluated and showed their therapeutic potential; however, none of them has been approved for clinical application so far. Thus, in this perspective, we focus on summarizing the oncogenic roles of PIM kinases, key signaling network, and pharmacological small-molecule inhibitors, which will provide a new clue on discovering more candidate antitumor drugs targeting PIM kinases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yushang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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4
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Chen L, Mao W, Ren C, Li J, Zhang J. Comprehensive Insights that Targeting PIM for Cancer Therapy: Prospects and Obstacles. J Med Chem 2024; 67:38-64. [PMID: 38164076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proviral integration sitea for Moloney-murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are a family of highly conserved serine/tyrosine kinases consisting of three members, PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3. These kinases regulate a wide range of substrates through phosphorylation and affect key cellular processes such as transcription, translation, proliferation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Several PIM inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical trials, such as a phase I clinical trial of Uzanserti (5) for the treatment of relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that has been completed. The current focus encompasses the structural and biological characterization of PIM, ongoing research progress on small-molecule inhibitors undergoing clinical trials, and evaluation analysis of persisting challenges in this field. Additionally, the design and discovery of small-molecule inhibitors targeting PIM in recent years have been explored, with a particular emphasis on medicinal chemistry, aiming to provide valuable insights for the future development of PIM inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and Institute of Respiratory Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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5
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Shi Y, Yuan Q, Chen Y, Li X, Zhou Y, Zhou H, Peng F, Jiang Y, Qiao Y, Zhao J, Zhang C, Wang J, Liu K, Dong Z. Corynoline inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth via targeting Pim-3. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155235. [PMID: 38128397 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive and deadly malignancy characterized by late-stage diagnosis, therapy resistance, and a poor 5-year survival rate. Finding novel therapeutic targets and their inhibitors for ESCC prevention and therapy is urgently needed. METHODS We investigated the proviral integration site for maloney murine leukemia virus 3 (Pim-3) protein levels using immunohistochemistry. Using Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium and clone formation assay, we verified the function of Pim-3 in cell proliferation. The binding and inhibition of Pim-3 by corynoline were verified by computer docking, pull-down assay, cellular thermal shift assay, and kinase assay. Cell proliferation, Western blot, and a patient-derived xenograft tumor model were performed to elucidate the mechanism of corynoline inhibiting ESCC growth. RESULTS Pim-3 was highly expressed in ESCC and played an oncogenic role. The augmentation of Pim-3 enhanced cell proliferation and tumor development by phosphorylating mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) at T185 and Y187. The deletion of Pim-3 induced apoptosis with upregulated cleaved caspase-9 and lower Bcl2 associated agonist of cell death (BAD) phosphorylation at S112. Additionally, binding assays demonstrated corynoline directly bound with Pim-3, inhibiting its activity, and suppressing ESCC growth. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Pim-3 promotes ESCC progression. Corynoline inhibits ESCC progression through targeting Pim-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Shi
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Tianjian Laboratory for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Tianjian Laboratory for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Feng Peng
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Tianjian Laboratory for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Tianjian Laboratory for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Pathophysiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Tianjian Laboratory for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China; Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China.
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6
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Park YS, kim J, Ryu YS, moon JH, shin YJ, kim JH, hong SW, jung SA, lee S, kim SM, lee DH, kim DY, yun H, you JE, yoon DI, kim CH, koh DI, jin DH. Mutant PIK3CA as a negative predictive biomarker for treatment with a highly selective PIM1 inhibitor in human colon cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2023; 24:2246208. [PMID: 37621144 PMCID: PMC10461515 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2246208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant improvement in targeted therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) has occurred over the past few decades since the approval of the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab. However, cetuximab is used only for patients possessing the wild-type oncogene KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF, and even most of these eventually acquire therapeutic resistance, via activation of parallel oncogenic pathways such as RAS-MAPK or PI3K/Akt/mTOR. The two aforementioned pathways also contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance in CRC patients, due to compensatory and feedback mechanisms. Therefore, combination drug therapies (versus monotherapy) targeting these multiple pathways may be necessary for further efficacy against CRC. In this study, we identified PIK3CA mutant (PIK3CA MT) as a determinant of resistance to SMI-4a, a highly selective PIM1 kinase inhibitor, in CRC cell lines. In CRC cell lines, SMI-4a showed its effect only in PIK3CA wild type (PIK3CA WT) cell lines, while PIK3CA MT cells did not respond to SMI-4a in cell death assays. In vivo xenograft and PDX experiments confirmed that PIK3CA MT is responsible for the resistance to SMI-4a. Inhibition of PIK3CA MT by PI3K inhibitors restored SMI-4a sensitivity in PIK3CA MT CRC cell lines. Taken together, these results demonstrate that sensitivity to SMI-4a is determined by the PIK3CA genotype and that co-targeting of PI3K and PIM1 in PIK3CA MT CRC patients could be a promising and novel therapeutic approach for refractory CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sun Park
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jai-Hee moon
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin shin
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hee kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo hong
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-A jung
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Mi kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hee lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yeon kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseon yun
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun you
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Il yoon
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hee kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-In koh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon jin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Julson JR, Marayati R, Beierle EA, Stafman LL. The Role of PIM Kinases in Pediatric Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3565. [PMID: 35892829 PMCID: PMC9332273 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PIM kinases have been identified as potential therapeutic targets in several malignancies. Here, we provide an in-depth review of PIM kinases, including their structure, expression, activity, regulation, and role in pediatric carcinogenesis. Also included is a brief summary of the currently available pharmaceutical agents targeting PIM kinases and existing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Rae Julson
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (J.R.J.); (R.M.)
| | - Raoud Marayati
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (J.R.J.); (R.M.)
| | - Elizabeth Ann Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (J.R.J.); (R.M.)
| | - Laura Lee Stafman
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA;
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8
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Recent progress on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors with dual targeting capabilities for tumor therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:89. [PMID: 35799213 PMCID: PMC9263050 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are a family of receptor protein tyrosine kinases that play an important role in the regulation of tumor-induced angiogenesis. Currently, VEGFR inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of various tumors. However, current VEGFR inhibitors are limited to a certain extent due to limited clinical efficacy and potential toxicity, which hinder their clinical application. Thus, the development of new strategies to improve the clinical outcomes and minimize the toxic effects of VEGFR inhibitors is required. Given the synergistic effect of VEGFR and other therapies in tumor development and progression, VEGFR dual-target inhibitors are becoming an attractive approach due to their favorable pharmacodynamics, low toxicity, and anti-resistant effects. This perspective provides an overview of the development of VEGFR dual-target inhibitors from multiple aspects, including rational target combinations, drug discovery strategies, structure–activity relationships and future directions.
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9
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Rathi A, Kumar D, Hasan GM, Haque MM, Hassan MI. Therapeutic targeting of PIM KINASE signaling in cancer therapy: Structural and clinical prospects. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129995. [PMID: 34455019 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PIM kinases are well-studied drug targets for cancer, belonging to Serine/Threonine kinases family. They are the downstream target of various signaling pathways, and their up/down-regulation affects various physiological processes. PIM family comprises three isoforms, namely, PIM-1, PIM-2, and PIM-3, on alternative initiation of translation and they have different levels of expression in different types of cancers. Its structure shows a unique ATP-binding site in the hinge region which makes it unique among other kinases. SCOPE OF REVIEW PIM kinases are widely reported in hematological malignancies along with prostate and breast cancers. Currently, many drugs are used as inhibitors of PIM kinases. In this review, we highlighted the physiological significance of PIM kinases in the context of disease progression and therapeutic targeting. We comprehensively reviewed the PIM kinases in terms of their expression and regulation of different physiological roles. We further predicted functional partners of PIM kinases to elucidate their role in the cellular physiology of different cancer and mapped their interaction network. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS A deeper mechanistic insight into the PIM signaling involved in regulating different cellular processes, including transcription, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, cell migration and senescence, is provided. Furthermore, structural features of PIM have been dissected to understand the mechanism of inhibition and subsequent implication of designed inhibitors towards therapeutic management of prostate, breast and other cancers. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Being a potential drug target for cancer therapy, available drugs and PIM inhibitors at different stages of clinical trials are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Rathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India.
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10
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Zhou Y, Zhou YN, Liu SX, Wang J, Ji R, Yan X. Effects of PIM3 in prognosis of colon cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2163-2170. [PMID: 33928496 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02624-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE PIM kinase is called proto-oncogene, but there are less research on PIM family in colon cancer. This study was designed to explore the prognosis of PIM3 in colon cancer. METHODS In this study, we downloaded RNA-seq and clinical information of colon cancer from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Kaplan-Meier method was used for analyzing the impact of PIM3 on the survival of patients with colon cancer. Single-factor and multi-factor cox regression analysis were used for verifying the prognostic value of PIM3. Spearman correlation analysis was used for screening PIM3 related genes. Functional enrichment analysis was used for analyzing the biological functions and pathways in which PIM3 related genes may be involved. STRING online tools were used for building a co-expression network. Cytoscape was used for co-expression network visualization. RESULTS Compared with the low expression group, the patients in the PIM3 high expression group lived longer time. Single-factor and multi-factor cox regression analysis indicated that PIM3 was an independent prognostic factor for colon cancer. Sixty-two PIM3 related genes were screened, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses suggested that PIM3 related genes might be involved in the MAPK and WNT pathways. The co-expression network showed a strong correlation between PIM3 and MLKL, MYL5, PPP3R1 and other genes. CONCLUSIONS PIM3 is an independent prognostic factor of colon cancer and may be a target for the diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Y N Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggangxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - S X Liu
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - R Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 Donggangxi Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - X Yan
- Department of Geriatrics (II), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
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11
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Wu L, Xia L, Chen X, Ruan M, Li L, Xia R. Long non-coding RNA LINC01003 suppresses the development of multiple myeloma by targeting miR-33a-5p/PIM1 axis. Leuk Res 2021; 106:106565. [PMID: 33865032 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to affect the progression of multiple myeloma (MM). This study is aimed to explore the role and downstream mechanism of lncRNA LINC01003 in MM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Xenograft tumor assay was used to assess the function of LINC01003 in MM in vivo. The mRNA expression levels of LINC01003, miR-33a-5p, and PIM1 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay. Relative protein levels of apoptosis-related factors (Bcl-2 and Bax) and proviral integration site of the Moloney leukemia virus kinase 1 (PIM1) were detected via western blot. Adhesion-related proteins were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of adhesion-related proteins. Besides, the target relation among LINC01003, miR-33a-5p and PIM1 was tested via dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Low expression of LINC01003 was observed in MM cell lines and peripheral blood samples of MM patients. Both LINC01003 up-regulation and miR-33a-5p down-regulation repressed cell viability and adhesion, and promoted apoptosis of MM cells. Moreover, LINC01003 suppressed the growth of xenograft tumor in mice. We then identified miR-33a-5p as a downstream target of LINC01003, and confirmed that PIM1 was a direct target gene of miR-33a-5p. Both high expression of miR-33a-5p and low expression of PIM1 reversed the suppressive effects of LINC01003 overexpression on cell adhesion and viability, and the promoting effect on apoptosis in MM cells. CONCLUSION LINC01003 functioned as a sponge of miR-33a-5p to inhibit the development MM by regulating PIM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Min Ruan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Hematology of Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, No. 1868, Dangshan Road, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230041, China
| | - Ruixiang Xia
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218, Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230032, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Xiu J, Ren C, Yu Z. Protein kinase PIM2: A simple PIM family kinase with complex functions in cancer metabolism and therapeutics. J Cancer 2021; 12:2570-2581. [PMID: 33854618 PMCID: PMC8040705 DOI: 10.7150/jca.53134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PIM2 (proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 2) kinase plays an important role as an oncogene in multiple cancers, such as leukemia, liver, lung, myeloma, prostate and breast cancers. PIM2 is largely expressed in both leukemia and solid tumors, and it promotes the transcriptional activation of genes involved in cell survival, cell proliferation, and cell-cycle progression. Many tumorigenic signaling molecules have been identified as substrates for PIM2 kinase, and a variety of inhibitors have been developed for its kinase activity, including SMI-4a, SMI-16a, SGI-1776, JP11646 and DHPCC-9. Here, we summarize the signaling pathways involved in PIM2 kinase regulation and PIM2 mechanisms in various neoplastic diseases. We also discuss the current status and future perspectives for the development of PIM2 kinase inhibitors to combat human cancer, and PIM2 will become a therapeutic target in cancers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xiu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Chune Ren
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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13
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Borchardt H, Ewe A, Morawski M, Weirauch U, Aigner A. miR24-3p activity after delivery into pancreatic carcinoma cell lines exerts profound tumor-inhibitory effects through distinct pathways of apoptosis and autophagy induction. Cancer Lett 2021; 503:174-184. [PMID: 33508384 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is among the most detrimental tumors, with novel treatment options urgently needed. The pathological downregulation of a miRNA in tumors can lead to the overexpression of oncogenes, thus suggesting miRNA replacement as novel strategy in cancer therapy. While the role of miR24 in cancer, including pancreatic carcinoma, has been described as ambiguous, it may hold great promise and deserves further studies. Here, we comprehensively analyze the effects of miR24-3p replacement in a set of pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. Transfection of miR24-3p mimics leads to profound cell inhibition in various 2D and 3D cell assays, based on the induction of apoptosis, autophagy and ROS. Comprehensive analyses of miR24-3p effects on the molecular level reveal the transcriptional regulation of several important oncogenes and oncogenic pathways. Based on these findings, miRNA replacement therapy was preclinically explored by treating tumor xenograft-bearing mice with miR24-3p mimics formulated in polymeric nanoparticles. The obtained tumor inhibition was associated with the induction of apoptosis and necrosis. Taken together, we identify miR24-3p as powerful tumor-inhibitory miRNA for replacement therapy, and describe a complex network of oncogenic pathways affected by miR24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Borchardt
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Ewe
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Weirauch
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.
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14
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Luo H, Sun R, Zheng Y, Huang J, Wang F, Long D, Wu Y. PIM3 Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6897-6905. [PMID: 32764981 PMCID: PMC7368586 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s245578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a poor overall prognosis. PIM family genes, including PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3, are proto-oncogenes that are aberrantly overexpressed in different types of human cancers. In this study, we aimed to explore and clarify the function of PIM3 in AML. Patients and Methods The expression of the three PIM genes in AML was detected using the Gene Expression Omnibus. The expression of PIM3 and PIM3 in patient samples and AML cell lines was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot analyses. The cellular behaviors of PIM3-overexpressing AML cell lines were detected using a CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and a cell migration assay. The interactions between PIM3 and phosphorylated CXCR4 (pCXCR4) were explored via immunoprecipitation. Results Higher PIM3 expression was detected in primary AML cells than in healthy donor cells. Second, PIM3 overexpression promoted AML cell proliferation and protected against spontaneous apoptosis by phosphorylating BAD (pBAD) at Ser112. Furthermore, PIM3 overexpression might promote the migration of AML cells via CXCR4. PIM3-overexpressing AML cell lines exhibited increased CXCR4 phosphorylation at Ser339, and pCXCR4 interacted with PIM3. Conclusion Our findings suggest that PIM3 regulates the proliferation, survival, and chemotaxis of AML cell lines. Moreover, pCXCR4 might mediate the regulation of PIM3-induced chemotaxis. Therefore, the inhibition of PIM3 expression may be a promising therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Luo
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Zheng
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingcao Huang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Long
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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15
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Panchal NK, Sabina EP. A serine/threonine protein PIM kinase as a biomarker of cancer and a target for anti-tumor therapy. Life Sci 2020; 255:117866. [PMID: 32479955 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The PIM Kinases belong to the family of a proto-oncogene that essentially phosphorylates the serine/threonine residues of the target proteins. They are primarily categorized into three types PIM-1, PIM-2, PIM-3 which plays an indispensable regulatory role in signal transduction cascades, by promoting cell survival, proliferation, and drug resistance. These kinases are overexpressed in several solid as well as hematopoietic tumors which supports in vitro and in vivo malignant cell growth along with survival by regulating cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis. They lack regulatory domain which makes them constitutively active once transcribed. PIM kinases usually appear to be important downstream effectors of oncoproteins which overexpresses and helps in mediating drug resistance to available agents, such as rapamycin. Structural studies of PIM kinases revealed that they have unique hinge regions where two Proline resides and makes ATP binding unique, by offering a target for an increasing number of potent PIM kinase inhibitors. Preclinical studies of those inhibitory compounds in various cancers indicate that these novel agents show promising activity and some of them currently being under examination. In this review, we have outlined PIM kinases molecular mechanism and signaling pathways along with matriculation in various cancer and list of inhibitors often used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Kishan Panchal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - E P Sabina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
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16
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Aziz AUR, Yu X, Jiang Q, Zhao Y, Deng S, Qin K, Wang H, Liu B. Doxorubicin-induced toxicity to 3D-cultured rat ovarian follicles on a microfluidic chip. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Broutian TR, Jiang B, Li J, Akagi K, Gui S, Zhou Z, Xiao W, Symer DE, Gillison ML. Human papillomavirus insertions identify the PIM family of serine/threonine kinases as targetable driver genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 476:23-33. [PMID: 31958486 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) insertions in cancer genomes have been linked to various forms of focal genomic instability and altered expression of neighboring genes. Here we tested the hypothesis that investigation of HPV insertions in a head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line would identify targetable driver genes contributing to oncogenesis of other HNSCC. In the cell line UPCI:SCC090 HPV16 integration amplified the PIM1 serine/threonine kinase gene ~16-fold, thereby increasing transcript and protein levels. We used genetic and pharmacological approaches to inhibit PIM kinases in this and other HNSCC cell lines. Knockdown of PIM1 transcripts by transfected short hairpin RNAs reduced UPCI:SCC090 viability. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PIM1 caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of PIM family kinases decreased growth of UPCI:SCC090 and additional HNSCC cell lines in vitro and a xenograft UPCI:SCC090 model in vivo. Based on established interactions between intracellular signaling pathways and relatively high levels of gene expression in almost all HNSCC, we also evaluated combinations of PIM kinase and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. Dual inhibition of these pathways resulted in supra-additive cell death. These data support clinical testing of PIM inhibitors alone or in combination in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatevik R Broutian
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Keiko Akagi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Shanying Gui
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Zhengqiu Zhou
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Weihong Xiao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - David E Symer
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.
| | - Maura L Gillison
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.
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18
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Chen J, Tang G. PIM-1 kinase: a potential biomarker of triple-negative breast cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6267-6273. [PMID: 31496730 PMCID: PMC6690594 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s212752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis, and effective biomarkers for targeted diagnosis and treatment are lacking. The tumorigenicity of the provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (PIM-1) gene has been studied for many years. However, its significance in breast cancer remains unclear. In this review we briefly summarized the physiological characteristics and regulation of PIM-1 kinase, and subsequently focused on the role of PIM-1 in tumors, especially breast cancer. Oncogene PIM-1 was found to be upregulated in breast cancer, especially in triple-negative breast cancer. Moreover, it is involved in tumorigenesis and the development of drug resistance, and linked to poor prognosis. A highly selective probe targeting PIM-1 for imaging has emerged, suggesting that PIM-1 may be a potential biomarker for the accurate diagnosis and targeted therapy of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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19
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Spirli A, Cheval L, Debonneville A, Penton D, Ronzaud C, Maillard M, Doucet A, Loffing J, Staub O. The serine-threonine kinase PIM3 is an aldosterone-regulated protein in the distal nephron. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14177. [PMID: 31397090 PMCID: PMC6687858 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone plays a crucial role in the control of Na+ and K+ balance, blood volume, and arterial blood pressure, by acting in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN) and stimulating a complex transcriptional, translational, and cellular program. Because the complexity of the aldosterone response is still not fully appreciated, we aimed at identifying new elements in this pathway. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of the proto-oncogene PIM3 (Proviral Integration Site of Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus 3), a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the calcium/calmodulin-regulated group of kinases, is stimulated by aldosterone in vitro (mCCDcl1 cells), ex vivo (mouse kidney slices), and in vivo in mice. Characterizing a germline Pim3-/- mouse model, we found that these mice have an upregulated Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), with high circulating aldosterone and plasma renin activity levels on both standard or Na+ -deficient diet. Surprisingly, we did not observe any obvious salt-losing phenotype in Pim3 KO mice as shown by normal blood pressure, plasma and urinary electrolytes, as well as unchanged expression levels of the major Na+ transport proteins. These observations suggest that the potential effects of the loss of the Pim3 gene are physiologically compensated. Indeed, the 2 other family members of the PIM kinase family, PIM1 and PIM2 are upregulated in the kidney of Pim3-/- mice, and may therefore be involved in such compensation. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the PIM3 kinase is a novel aldosterone-induced protein, but its precise role in aldosterone-dependent renal homeostasis remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Spirli
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Lydie Cheval
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersINSERM, Sorbonne Universités, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Physiologie Rénale et TubulopathiesParisFrance
| | - Anne Debonneville
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
| | - David Penton
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Caroline Ronzaud
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Marc Maillard
- Service of NephrologyLausanne University Hospital (CHUV)LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Alain Doucet
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersINSERM, Sorbonne Universités, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Physiologie Rénale et TubulopathiesParisFrance
| | - Johannes Loffing
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
- Institute of AnatomyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Olivier Staub
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research “Kidney.ch”LausanneSwitzerland
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20
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Ma X, Du T, Zhu D, Chen X, Lai Y, Wu W, Wang Q, Lin C, Li Z, Liu L, Huang H. High levels of glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 predicts a poor prognosis for prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6749-6755. [PMID: 30405818 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) is associated with the progression of oligodendroglioma. However, there has been little study of GLTSCR1 in prostate cancer. In the present study, the association between the expression of GLTSCR1, and the progression and prognosis of tumors in patients with prostate cancer was assessed. An immunohistochemical analysis was performed using a human tissue microarray for GLTSCR1 at the protein expression level and the immunostaining results were evaluated against clinical variables of patients with prostate cancer. Subsequently, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to validate the analysis results at the mRNA level and to study the prognostic value of GLTSCR1 in prostate cancer. Immunohistochemistry and TCGA data analysis revealed that GLTSCR1 expression in the prostate cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the benign prostate tissues (immunoreactivity score, P=0.015; mRNA levels: cancer, 447.7±6.45 vs. benign, 343.5±4.21; P<0.001). Additionally, the increased GLTSCR1 protein expression was associated with certain clinical variables in the prostate cancer tissues, including advanced clinical stage (P<0.001), enhanced tumor invasion (P=0.003), lymph node metastasis (P=0.003) and distant metastasis (P=0.001). TCGA data revealed similar results, demonstrating that the upregulation of GLTSCR1 mRNA expression was associated with the Gleason score (P<0.001), enhanced tumor invasion (P=0.011), lymph node metastasis (P=0.001) and distant metastasis (P=0.002). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that among all patients, high GLTSCR1 expression indicated a decreased overall survival (P=0.028) and biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival (P=0.004), compared with patients with low GLTSCR1 expression. Finally, multivariate analysis revealed that the expression of GLTSCR1 was an independent predictor of poor BCR-free survival (P=0.049). The present study suggested that the increased expression of GLTSCR1 was associated with the progression of prostate cancer. Furthermore, GLTSCR1 may be a novel biomarker that is able to predict the clinical outcome in prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ma
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Tao Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Dingjun Zhu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xianju Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Lai
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chunhao Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Zean Li
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Leyuan Liu
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Texas A&M Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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21
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Jiménez-García MP, Lucena-Cacace A, Robles-Frías MJ, Ferrer I, Narlik-Grassow M, Blanco-Aparicio C, Carnero A. Inflammation and stem markers association to PIM1/PIM2 kinase-induced tumors in breast and uterus. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58872-58886. [PMID: 28938604 PMCID: PMC5601700 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The PIM family of Ser/Thr kinase proteins has been implicated in tumorigenesis at different levels. PIM proteins are overexpressed in several tumor types and have been associated with chemoresistance. However, their role in hormone-dependent female tissues has not been explored, especially in the uterus, breast and ovary. We generated conditional transgenic mice with confined expression of human PIM1 or PIM2 genes in these tissues. We characterized the tumoral response to these genetic alterations corroborating their role as oncogenes since they induce hyperproliferation in all tissues and tumors in mammary gland and uterus. Furthermore, we observed a high degree of inflammatory infiltration in these tissues of transgenic mice accompanied by NFAT and mTOR activation and IL6 expression. Moreover, PIM1/2 were overexpressed in human breast, uterine and ovarian tumors, correlating with inflammatory features and stem cell markers. Our data suggest that PIM1/2 kinase overexpression provoke tissue alterations and a large IL6-dependent inflammatory response that may act synergistically during the process of tumorigenesis. The possible end-point is an increased percentage of cancer stem cells, which may be partly responsible for the therapy resistance found in tumors overexpressing PIM kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel-Pedro Jiménez-García
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Lucena-Cacace
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - María-José Robles-Frías
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Ferrer
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Maja Narlik-Grassow
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain.,CIBER de Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Mary Photini S, Chaiwangyen W, Weber M, Al-Kawlani B, Favaro RR, Jeschke U, Schleussner E, Morales-Prieto DM, Markert UR. PIM kinases 1, 2 and 3 in intracellular LIF signaling, proliferation and apoptosis in trophoblastic cells. Exp Cell Res 2017; 359:275-283. [PMID: 28729093 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Proviral insertion in murine (PIM) lymphoma proteins are mainly regulated by the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, which can be activated by members of the Interleukin-6 (IL-6) family, including Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF). Aim of the study was to compare PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3 expression and potential cellular functions in human first and third trimester trophoblast cells, the immortalized first trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo and the choriocarcinoma cell line JEG-3. Expression was analyzed by qPCR and immunochemical staining. Functions were evaluated by PIM inhibition followed by analysis of kinetics of cell viability as assessed by MTS assay, proliferation by BrdU assay, and apoptosis by Western blotting for BAD, BCL-XL, (cleaved) PARP, CASP3 and c-MYC. Apoptosis and necrosis were tested by flow cytometry (annexin V/propidium iodide staining). All analyzed PIM kinases are expressed in primary trophoblast cells and both cell lines and are regulated upon stimulation with LIF. Inhibition of PIM kinases significantly reduces viability and proliferation and induces apoptosis. Simultaneously, phosphorylation of c-MYC was reduced. These results demonstrate the involvement of PIM kinases in LIF-induced regulation in different trophoblastic cell lines which may indicate similar functions in primary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Mary Photini
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Wittaya Chaiwangyen
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Maja Weber
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Boodor Al-Kawlani
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Rodolfo R Favaro
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; Laboratory of Reproductive and Extracellular Matrix Biology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maistrasse 11, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Schleussner
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Diana M Morales-Prieto
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Placenta-Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
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23
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Wang J, Li G, Li B, Song H, Shang Z, Jiang N, Niu Y. Androgen deprivation therapy has no effect on Pim-1 expression in a mouse model of prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4364-4370. [PMID: 28599438 PMCID: PMC5453061 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the dynamic changes of proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase, Pim-1 at the gene and protein level in a mouse model of prostate cancer following surgical castration. Using LNCaP cells to establish a subcutaneous xenograft model and orthotopic prostate cancer BALB/c nude mouse models, the xenograft models were divided into an androgen-dependent prostate cancer group (ADPC), an androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) group and an androgen independent prostate cancer (AIPC) group. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), RT-quantitative PCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed to compare the expression levels of Pim-1, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and androgen receptor (AR) in tumor tissue of three subgroups. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that the RT-PCR results of the ADPC (0.59±0.01) and AIPC groups (1.14±0.015) were significantly different when compared with the ADT group (0.62±0.026; P<0.05). As for RT-qPCR, the ΔCq of Pim-1 in the ADPC (6.15±0.34) and AIPC (4.56±0.23) groups were significantly different compared with the ADT group (5.11±0.21; P<0.05). Using 2-ΔΔCq as a relative quantification method to analyze the data, the amplification products of Pim-1 increased by 2.05 and 3.01 times in the ADT and AIPC groups, respectively. ELISA demonstrated the following: The serum concentration of PSA was 0 ng/ml in the control group, 0.48±0.025 ng/ml in the ADPC group and 0.87±0.023 ng/ml in the AIPC group, which were significantly different compared with the ADT group (0.17±0.032 ng/ml; P<0.01). Upon immunohistochemical staining, the protein expression levels of Pim-1 and AR, respectively, were 0.017±0.0021 and 0.032±0.009 in the ADPC group, 0.024±0.0019 and 0.040±0.011 in the AIPC group, and 0.018±0.0013 and 0.019±0.006 in the ADT group. The protein levels of Pim-1 and AR in the ADPC and AIPC groups were significantly different compared with the ADT group (P<0.01). In addition, an orthotopic prostate cancer animal model of ADT was successfully established in the current study, and further investigation revealed that ADT did not affect the expression of Pim-1 at the gene or protein levels; thus, it is hypothesized that Pim-1 may be important in the proliferation and differentiation of prostate cancer during ADT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
- Tianjin Municipal Research Institute for Family Planning, Tianjin 300131, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Hualin Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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Sun H, Cao J, Zhao L, Zhu S, Chen S, Li Y, Zhao B, Zhao T. PIM2 regulates stemness through phosphorylation of 4E-BP1. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2017; 62:679-685. [PMID: 36659438 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can undergo unlimited self-renewal and maintain pluripotency to differentiate into any cell type of the three germ layers. Extensive studies have shown ESC identity is regulated by transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and multiple signal transduction pathways. However, the kinase regulation of pluripotency is not well understood. Here we show that the serine/threonine kinase PIM2, which is highly expressed in ESCs but not in somatic cells, functions as a crucial stemness regulator in ESCs. Knockout of Pim2 inhibits the self-renewal and differentiation capability of ESCs. Mechanistic studies identified that PIM2 can directly phosphorylate 4E-BP1, leading to release of eIF4E which facilitates the translation of pluripotent genes in ESCs. Our study highlights a novel kinase cascade pathway for ESC identity maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Chinese Medicine Hospital in Linyi City, Linyi 276600, China
| | - Shaohua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shenghui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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25
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Wang C, Liang C, Feng W, Xia X, Chen F, Qiao E, Zhang X, Chen D, Ling Z, Yang H. ICT1 knockdown inhibits breast cancer cell growth via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1037-1045. [PMID: 28290601 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein encoded by immature colon carcinoma transcript 1 (ICT1) is a component of the human mitochondrial ribosome, and is reported to be implicated in cell proliferation, viability and apoptosis of HeLa cells. This study was conducted to investigate the role of ICT1 in human breast cancer. Oncomine database was used to investigate ICT1 expression in human breast cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. The results showed that ICT1 was highly overexpressed in various human breast cancer subtypes. Then short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of ICT1 was performed in human breast cancer ZR-75-30 and T-47D cells. A series of functional analysis, including MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry assays were conducted after ICT1 knockdown. Our results demonstrated that knockdown of ICT1 significantly suppressed cell viability and proliferation through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of ICT1 altered signaling pathways associated with cell growth and apoptosis, including phospho‑BAD (Ser112), phospho-PRAS40 (Thr246) and induction of phospho‑AMPKα (Thr172). Additionally, it was further confirmed by western blot analysis that ICT1 knockdown altered the expression of apoptosis- or cell cycle‑related proteins such as Bcl-2, caspase-3, CDK1, CDK2 and cyclin B. In conclusion, targeting ICT1 in breast cancer cells may provide a new strategy for breast cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chenlu Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Weiliang Feng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Xianghou Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Enqi Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Xiping Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Daobao Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Ling
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Hongjian Yang
- Department of Oncology, First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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26
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Wang XX, Liu J, Tang YM, Hong L, Zeng Z, Tan GH. MicroRNA-638 inhibits cell proliferation by targeting suppress PIM1 expression in human osteosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5379-1. [PMID: 28050866 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small noncoding RNAs that often play important roles in carcinogenesis, but the carcinogenic mechanism of miRNAs is still unclear. This study will investigate the functions and the mechanism of miR-638 in osteosarcoma (OS). The expression of miR-638 in OS and the DNA copy number of miR-638 were detected by real-time PCR. The effect of miR-638 on cell proliferation was measured by CCK8 assay. Different assays, including bioinformatics algorithms, luciferase report assay, and Western blotting, were used to identify the target gene proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (PIM1) of miR-638 in OS. The expression of PIM1 in clinical OS tissues was also validated by immunohistochemical assay. From this research, we found that miR-638 was downregulated in OS tissues compared with corresponding noncancerous tissues (NCTs), and the DNA copy number of miR-638 was lower in OS than in NCTs, which may induce the corresponding downregulation of miR-638 in OS. Ectopic expression of miR-638 inhibited OS cell growth in vitro. Subsequently, we identified that PIM1 is the downstream target gene of miR-638 in OS cells, and silencing PIM1 expression phenocopied the inhibitory effect of miR-638 on OS cell proliferation. Furthermore, we observed that PIM1 was overexpressed in OS tissues, and high expression of PIM1 in OS predicted poor overall survival. In summary, we revealed that miR-638 functions as a tumor suppressor through inhibiting PIM1 expression in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xu Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 35 Jiefang Road, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Dobstertics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Min Tang
- Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 35 Jiefang Road, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 35 Jiefang Road, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Hua Tan
- Department of Joint Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, 35 Jiefang Road, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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PIM-1 contributes to the malignancy of pancreatic cancer and displays diagnostic and prognostic value. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:133. [PMID: 27596051 PMCID: PMC5011911 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The effects of PIM-1 on the progression of pancreatic cancer remain unclear, and the prognostic value of PIM-1 levels in tissues is controversial. Additionally, the expression levels and clinical value of PIM-1 in plasma have not been reported. Methods The effects of PIM-1 on biological behaviours were analysed. PIM-1 levels in tissues and plasma were detected, and the clinical value was evaluated. Results We found that PIM-1 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells suppressed proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, enhanced apoptosis, resensitized cells to gemcitabine and erlotinib treatment, and inhibited ABCG2 and EZH2 mRNA expression. Our results indicated that PIM-1 and the EGFR pathway formed a positive feedback loop. We also found that PIM-1 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly upregulated and that a high level of expression was negatively associated with prognosis (P = 0.025, hazard ratio [HR] =2.113, 95 % confidence interval: 1.046–4.266). Additionally, we found that plasma PIM-1 levels in patients with pancreatic cancer were significantly increased and could be used in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. High plasma PIM-1 expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer (P = 0.037, HR = 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.04–3.35). Conclusion Our study suggests that PIM-1 contributes to malignancy and has diagnostic and prognostic value in pancreatic cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-016-0406-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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28
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Deng D, Wang L, Chen Y, Li B, Xue L, Shao N, Wang Q, Xia X, Yang Y, Zhi F. MicroRNA-124-3p regulates cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and bioenergetics by targeting PIM1 in astrocytoma. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:899-907. [PMID: 27088547 PMCID: PMC4946703 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The PIM1 protein is an important regulator of cell proliferation, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and metabolism in various human cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful post‐transcriptional gene regulators that function through translational repression or transcript destabilization. Therefore, we aimed to identify whether a close relationship exists between PIM1 and miRNAs. PIM1 protein levels and mRNA levels were significantly upregulated in astrocytoma tissues, indicating the oncogenic role of PIM1 in astrocytoma. Further bioinformatics analysis indicated that miR‐124‐3p targeted the 3′‐UTR of PIM1. We also observed an inverse correlation between the miR‐124‐3p levels and PIM1 protein or mRNA levels in astrocytoma samples. Next, we experimentally confirmed that miR‐124‐3p directly recognizes the 3′‐UTR of the PIM1 transcript and regulates PIM1 expression at both the protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, we examined the biological consequences of miR‐124‐3p targeting PIM1 in vitro. We showed that the repression of PIM1 in astrocytoma cancer cells by miR‐124‐3p suppressed proliferation, invasion, and aerobic glycolysis and promoted apoptosis. We observed that the restoration or inhibition of PIM1 activity resulted in effects that were similar to those induced by miR‐124‐3p inhibitors or mimics in cancer cells. Finally, overexpression of PIM1 rescued the inhibitory effects of miR‐124‐3p. In summary, these findings aid in understanding the tumor‐suppressive role of miR‐124‐3p in astrocytoma pathogenesis through the inhibition of PIM1 translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Deng
- Modern Medical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Biopharm Industry Service Center, Changzhou Center for Biotech Development, Changzhou, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Modern Medical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lian Xue
- Modern Medical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Naiyuan Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiwei Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Modern Medical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhi
- Modern Medical Research Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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Karandish F, Mallik S. Biomarkers and Targeted Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:27-35. [PMID: 27147897 PMCID: PMC4847554 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s34414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) constitutes 90% of pancreatic cancers. PDAC is a complex and devastating disease with only 1%-3% survival rate in five years after the second stage. Treatment of PDAC is complicated due to the tumor microenvironment, changing cell behaviors to the mesenchymal type, altered drug delivery, and drug resistance. Considering that pancreatic cancer shows early invasion and metastasis, critical research is needed to explore different aspects of the disease, such as elaboration of biomarkers, specific signaling pathways, and gene aberration. In this review, we highlight the biomarkers, the fundamental signaling pathways, and their importance in targeted drug delivery for pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fataneh Karandish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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30
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Chen XY, Wang Z, Li B, Zhang YJ, Li YY. Pim-3 contributes to radioresistance through regulation of the cell cycle and DNA damage repair in pancreatic cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:296-302. [PMID: 27016481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resistance of cancer cells to chemoradiotherapy is a major clinical problem in pancreatic cancer treatment. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of cellular resistance and identifying novel targets are essential for improving treatment efficacy for pancreatic cancer patients. Previous studies have demonstrated a significant role for Pim-3 in pancreatic cancer survival against gemcitabine-induced genotoxic stress. Here, we observed that radiation treatment enhanced Pim-3 expression in human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. Stable overexpression of Pim-3 in pancreatic cancer cells significantly protected cells against radiation treatment by attenuating G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and DNA damage response. Silencing of Pim-3 expression significantly elevated the phosphorylation of histone variant H2AX, a marker of DNA double strand breaks, and decreased the activation of ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase, along with its downstream targets, eventually enhancing the radiosensitivity of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Hence, we demonstrated a novel function for Pim-3 in human pancreatic cancer cell survival against radiation. Targeting Pim-3 may be a promising way to improve treatment efficacy in combination with radiotherapy in human pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yuan Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jian Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying-Yi Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Gu H, Liu M, Ding C, Wang X, Wang R, Wu X, Fan R. Hypoxia-responsive miR-124 and miR-144 reduce hypoxia-induced autophagy and enhance radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cells via suppressing PIM1. Cancer Med 2016; 5:1174-82. [PMID: 26990493 PMCID: PMC4924376 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells in hypoxia usually make adaptive changes in cellular metabolism, such as altered autophagy. This might be a cause of enhanced radioresistance in some types of cancer. In this study, we investigated hypoxia‐responsive miRNAs in two prostate cancer cell lines (DU145 and PC3). This study firstly reported that hypoxia induces further downregulation of miR‐124 and miR‐144, which might be a result of impaired dicer expression. These two miRNAs can simultaneously target 3′UTR of PIM1. Functional study showed that miR‐124 or miR‐144 overexpression can inhibit hypoxia‐induced autophagy and enhance radiosensitivity at least via downregulating PIM1. Therefore, hypoxia induced miR‐124 and miR‐144 downregulation may contribute to a prosurvival mechanism of prostate cancer cells to hypoxia and irradiation at least through attenuated suppressing of PIM1. This finding presents a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450052China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450052China
| | - Changmao Ding
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450052China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450052China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450052China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Nuclear MedicineHenan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450003China
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityHenan450052China
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Synthesis of [11C]CX-6258 as a new PET tracer for imaging of Pim kinases in cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:3831-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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