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Apolo AB, Girardi DM, Niglio SA, Nadal R, Kydd AR, Simon N, Ley L, Cordes LM, Chandran E, Steinberg SM, Lee S, Lee MJ, Rastogi S, Sato N, Cao L, Banday AR, Boudjadi S, Merino MJ, Toubaji A, Akbulut D, Redd B, Bagheri H, Costello R, Gurram S, Agarwal PK, Chalfin HJ, Valera V, Streicher H, Wright JJ, Sharon E, Figg WD, Parnes HL, Gulley JL, Saraiya B, Pal SK, Quinn D, Stein MN, Lara PN, Bottaro DP, Mortazavi A. Final Results From a Phase I Trial and Expansion Cohorts of Cabozantinib and Nivolumab Alone or With Ipilimumab for Advanced/Metastatic Genitourinary Tumors. J Clin Oncol 2024:JCO2302233. [PMID: 38954785 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cabozantinib and nivolumab (CaboNivo) alone or with ipilimumab (CaboNivoIpi) have shown promising efficacy and safety in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), and rare genitourinary (GU) tumors in a dose-escalation phase I study. We report the final data analysis of the safety, overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of the phase I patients and seven expansion cohorts. METHODS This is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, phase I trial. CaboNivo doublet expansion cohorts included (1) mUC, (2) mRCC, and (3) adenocarcinoma of the bladder/urachal; CaboNivoIpi triplet expansion cohorts included (1) mUC, (2) mRCC, (3) penile cancer, and (4) squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder and other rare GU tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02496208). RESULTS The study enrolled 120 patients treated with CaboNivo (n = 64) or CaboNivoIpi (n = 56), with a median follow-up of 49.2 months. In 108 evaluable patients (CaboNivo n = 59; CaboNivoIpi n = 49), the ORR was 38% (complete response rate 11%) and the median duration of response was 20 months. The ORR was 42.4% for mUC, 62.5% for mRCC (n = 16), 85.7% for squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (n = 7), 44.4% for penile cancer (n = 9), and 50.0% for renal medullary carcinoma (n = 2). Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 84% of CaboNivo patients and 80% of CaboNivoIpi patients. CONCLUSION CaboNivo and CaboNivoIpi demonstrated clinical activity and safety in patients with multiple GU malignancies, especially clear cell RCC, urothelial carcinoma, and rare GU tumors such as squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, small cell carcinoma of the bladder, adenocarcinoma of the bladder, renal medullary carcinoma, and penile cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea B Apolo
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Daniel M Girardi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Scot A Niglio
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rosa Nadal
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andre R Kydd
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicholas Simon
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lisa Ley
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Lisa M Cordes
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elias Chandran
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Seth M Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shraddha Rastogi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nahoko Sato
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Liang Cao
- Molecular Targets Core, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - A Rouf Banday
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Salah Boudjadi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maria J Merino
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Antoun Toubaji
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Dilara Akbulut
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bernadette Redd
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hadi Bagheri
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rene Costello
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sandeep Gurram
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Piyush K Agarwal
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Heather J Chalfin
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Vladimir Valera
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Howard Streicher
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - John Joseph Wright
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Elad Sharon
- Investigational Drug Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - William D Figg
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Howard L Parnes
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - James L Gulley
- Center for Onco-Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Biren Saraiya
- Genitourinary Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Sumanta K Pal
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | - David Quinn
- Division of Cancer Medicine and Blood Diseases, Department of Medicine, Genitourinary Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mark N Stein
- Genitourinary Oncology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Primo N Lara
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Donald P Bottaro
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amir Mortazavi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
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2
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Necchi A, Faltas BM, Slovin SF, Meeks JJ, Pal SK, Schwartz LH, Huang RSP, Li R, Manley B, Chahoud J, Ross JS, Spiess PE. Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Localized Genitourinary Cancers. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:1447-1454. [PMID: 37561425 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Importance A true revolution in the management of advanced genitourinary cancers has occurred with the discovery and adoption of immunotherapy (IO). The therapeutic benefits of IO were recently observed not to be solely confined to patients with disseminated disease but also in select patients with localized and locally advanced genitourinary neoplasms. Observations KEYNOTE-057 demonstrated the benefit of pembrolizumab monotherapy for treating high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer unresponsive to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), resulting in recent US Food and Drug Administration approval. Furthermore, a current phase 3 trial (Checkmate274) demonstrated a disease-free survival benefit with the administration of adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma after radical cystectomy. In addition, the recent highly publicized phase 3 KEYNOTE 564 trial demonstrated a recurrence-free survival benefit of adjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with high-risk localized/locally advanced kidney cancer. Conclusions and Relevance The adoption and integration of IO in the management of localized genitourinary cancers exhibiting aggressive phenotypes are becoming an emerging therapeutic paradigm. Clinical oncologists and scientists should become familiar with these trials and indications because they are likely to dramatically change our treatment strategies in the months and years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Necchi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University; IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Bishoy M Faltas
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-NewYork Presbyterian Hospital. New York, New York
| | - Susan F Slovin
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joshua J Meeks
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sumanta K Pal
- Department of Medical Oncology & Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Lawrence H Schwartz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | | | - Roger Li
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Brandon Manley
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jad Chahoud
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jeffrey S Ross
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Departments of Pathology, Urology and Medicine (Oncology), Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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3
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Li L, Zhang Y, Hu W, Zou F, Ning J, Rao T, Ruan Y, Yu W, Cheng F. MTHFD2 promotes PD-L1 expression via activation of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway in bladder cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2922-2936. [PMID: 37480214 PMCID: PMC10538262 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although combination chemotherapy is widely used for bladder cancer (BC) treatment, the recurrence and progression rates remain high. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets are required. Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) contributes to tumourigenesis and immune evasion in several cancers; however, its biological function in BC remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression, prognostic value and protumoural function of MTHFD2 in BC and elucidate the mechanism of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) upregulation by MTHFD2. An analysis using publicly available databases revealed that a high MTHFD2 expression was correlated with clinical features and a poor prognosis in BC. Furthermore, MTHFD2 promoted the growth, migration, invasion and tumourigenicity and decreased the apoptosis of BC cells in vivo and in vitro. The results obtained from databases showed that MTHFD2 expression was correlated with immune infiltration levels, PD-L1 expression, and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. The expression of MTHFD2, PD-L1 and JAK/STAT signalling pathway-related proteins increased after interferon gamma treatment and decreased after MTHFD2 knockdown. Moreover, addition of a JAK/STAT pathway activator partially reduced the effect of MTHFD2 knockdown on BC cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that MTHFD2 promotes the expression of PD-L1 through the JAK/STAT signalling pathway in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhi Li
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weimin Hu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fan Zou
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinzhuo Ning
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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4
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Zhang H, Liu D, Qin Z, Yi B, Zhu L, Xu S, Wang K, Yang S, Liu R, Yang K, Xu Y. CHMP4C as a novel marker regulates prostate cancer progression through cycle pathways and contributes to immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170397. [PMID: 37388224 PMCID: PMC10301743 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CHMP4C is one of the charged multivesicular protein (CHMP), and is involved in the composition of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III), facilitating the necessary separation of daughter cells. CHMP4C has been proposed to be involved in the progression of different carcinomas. However, the value of CHMP4C in prostate cancer has not yet been explored. Prostate cancer is the most frequently occurring malignancy among male and remains a leading cause of deaths in cancers. So far, clinical therapy of prostate cancer is more inclined to molecular classification and specific clinical treatment and research. Our study investigated the expression and clinical prognosis of CHMP4C and explored its potential regulatory mechanism in prostate cancer. The immune status of CHMP4C in prostate cancer and relative immunotherapy were then analyzed in our study. Based on CHMP4C expression, a new subtype of prostate cancer was established for precision treatment. Methods We studied the expression of CHMP4C and relative clinical outcome using the online databases TIMER, GEPIA2, UALCAN, and multiple R packages. Meanwhile, the biological function, immune microenvironment and immunotherapy value of CHMP4C in prostate cancer were further explored on the R software platform with different R packages. Then we performed qRT-PCR, Western Blotting, transwell, CCK8, wound healing assay, colony formation assay and immunohistochemistry to verify the expression of CHMP4C, carcinogenesis and potential regulatory mechanisms in prostate cancer. Results We found that the expression of CHMP4C is significant in prostate cancer and the high expression of CHMP4C represents a poor clinical prognosis and malignant progression of prostate cancer. In subsequent vitro validation, CHMP4C promoted the malignant biological behavior of prostate cancer cell lines by adjusting the cell cycle. Based on CHMP4C expression, we established two new subtypes of prostate cancer and found that low CHMP4C expression has a better immune response while high CHMP4C expression was more sensitive to paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil. Above findings revealed a new diagnostic marker for prostate cancer and facilitated the subsequent precise treatment of prostate cancer.
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5
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Sarkis J, Vannier E, Mjaess G, Pochet C, Albisinni S, Quackels T, Roumeguère T. Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in the treatment of nonmetastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:1407-1417. [PMID: 36448639 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple trials are currently studying the additional effect of immunotherapy on neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in nonmetastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature that summarizes all ongoing trials, with their results when available. Results: From an initial 269 trials identified, 17 were included. Pathological response and pathological complete response rates of the immunotherapy + NAC combination in the cisplatin-eligible population varied between 56.6-75% and 34.0-66.7%, respectively. Two studies published their results in the cisplatin-ineligible population, with pathological complete response rates of 18 and 45.2%. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in platinum-eligible patients results in response rates higher than those reported for NAC alone. Strong preliminary results are still lacking in the platinum-ineligible population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Sarkis
- Department of Urology, University Clinics of Brussels, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Enguerrand Vannier
- Department of Urology, University Clinics of Brussels, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Georges Mjaess
- Department of Urology, University Clinics of Brussels, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Corentin Pochet
- Department of Urology, University Clinics of Brussels, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simone Albisinni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Urology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Thierry Quackels
- Department of Urology, University Clinics of Brussels, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Roumeguère
- Department of Urology, University Clinics of Brussels, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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6
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Immunotherapy in Genitourinary Malignancy: Evolution in Revolution or Revolution in Evolution. Cancer Treat Res 2022; 183:201-223. [PMID: 35551661 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96376-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy, the 5th pillar of cancer care after surgery, radiotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and precision therapy (molecular targeted therapy), is revolutionizing the standard of care in certain patients with genitourinary malignancies. As modest clinical benefits of IL-2 for metastatic renal cell carcinoma and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for early-stage bladder cancers in the past years, immune checkpoint inhibitors therapies demonstrate meaningful survival benefit and durable clinical response in renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and some prostate cancer. Despite best efforts, the benefits are limited to a minority of unselected patients due to the complexities of biomarker development. Now come the next hurdles: figuring out which patients best respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors and which patients won't respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors? How best to approach immune checkpoint inhibitors therapies to extend/maximize the treatment response as long as possible? How to overcome therapeutic resistance by specific concurrent immunomodulators or targeted therapy or chemotherapy? The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination or sequencing with chemotherapy or other targeted therapies or other immunomodulating therapeutics in the early disease, neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic setting is actively under exploration. Ideal strategy for cancer care is to provide not just more time, but more quality time: there remain unmet needs for novel therapies that exploit molecular or genetic pathways to extend survival without compromising health-related quality of life for patients with advanced genitourinary malignancies. Further research is needed to discover new therapeutic strategies, and validate efficacy and effectiveness in real-world settings.
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7
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Powles T, Sridhar SS, Loriot Y, Bellmunt J, Mu XJ, Ching KA, Pu J, Sternberg CN, Petrylak DP, Tambaro R, Dourthe LM, Alvarez-Fernandez C, Aarts M, di Pietro A, Grivas P, Davis CB. Avelumab maintenance in advanced urothelial carcinoma: biomarker analysis of the phase 3 JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial. Nat Med 2021; 27:2200-2211. [PMID: 34893775 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01579-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In a recent phase 3 randomized trial of 700 patients with advanced urothelial cancer (JAVELIN Bladder 100; NCT02603432 ), avelumab/best supportive care (BSC) significantly prolonged overall survival relative to BSC alone as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy. Exploratory biomarker analyses were performed to identify biological pathways that might affect survival benefit. Tumor molecular profiling by immunohistochemistry, whole-exome sequencing and whole-transcriptome sequencing revealed that avelumab survival benefit was positively associated with PD-L1 expression by tumor cells, tumor mutational burden, APOBEC mutation signatures, expression of genes underlying innate and adaptive immune activity and the number of alleles encoding high-affinity variants of activating Fcγ receptors. Pathways connected to tissue growth and angiogenesis might have been associated with reduced survival benefit. Individual biomarkers did not comprehensively identify patients who could benefit from therapy; however, multi-parameter models incorporating genomic alteration, immune responses and tumor growth showed promising predictive utility. These results characterize the complex biologic pathways underlying survival benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition in advanced urothelial cancer and suggest that multiple biomarkers might be needed to identify patients who would benefit from treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Queen Mary University of London, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Srikala S Sridhar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yohann Loriot
- Gustave Roussy, INSERMU981, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Joaquim Bellmunt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and IMIM-PSMAR Lab, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinmeng Jasmine Mu
- Computational Biology, Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Keith A Ching
- Computational Biology, Oncology Research and Development, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jie Pu
- Statistics, Global Biometrics and Data Management, Pfizer, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cora N Sternberg
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Rosa Tambaro
- Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione Giovanni Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Louis M Dourthe
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, Clinique St Anne, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carlos Alvarez-Fernandez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Maureen Aarts
- Department of Medical Oncology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Petros Grivas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA, USA
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8
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Li C, Yang F, Wang R, Li W, Maskey N, Zhang W, Guo Y, Liu S, Wang H, Yao X. CALD1 promotes the expression of PD-L1 in bladder cancer via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1441. [PMID: 34733993 PMCID: PMC8506703 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant neoplasm with a high rate of recurrence and progression, despite optimal treatment. There is a pressing need to identify new effective biomarkers for the targeted treatment of BC. Methods The key gene CALD1 was screened via weighed gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) from encoding protein genes of BC. Clinical and prognostic significance was explored in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, transwell chamber experiment and nude mouse xenograft assay were performed to test cell growth, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis capacities. Immune correlation was analyzed in The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database. Relevant signaling pathways were explored using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results Increased expression of CALD1 was significantly correlated with histological grade, clinical stage, T stage, and lymphatic metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that high CALD1 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in TCGA database, and with poor OS in the four GEO databases. CALD1 promotes growth, migration, invasion, and cell cycle of tumor cell, and inhibits tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. CADL1 expression was positively correlated with increased CD274 levels (r=0.357, P=9.71e−14). JAK/STAT signaling pathway was significantly enriched in the high CALD1 expression group. CALD1-mediated PD-L1 overexpression (OE) was via the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway; this effect was blocked by the specific JAK inhibitor Ruxolitinib. Conclusions CALD1 is a potential molecular marker associated with prognosis. It promotes the malignant progression of BC and upregulates the PD-L1 expression via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuhan Yang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiliang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Niraj Maskey
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadong Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenghua Liu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Yao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Urologic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Bersanelli M, Buti S, Rizzo M, Cortellini A, Cattrini C, Massari F, Masini C, Vitale MG, Fornarini G, Caffo O, Atzori F, Gatti A, Macrini S, Mucciarini C, Galli L, Morelli F, Stellato M, Fanelli M, Corti F, Zucali PA, Toscani I, Dalla Volta A, Gernone A, Baldessari C, La Torre L, Zara D, Gennari A, Bracarda S, Procopio G, Porta C. GU-CA-COVID: a clinical audit among Italian genitourinary oncologists during the first COVID-19 outbreak. Ther Adv Urol 2021; 13:17562872211054302. [PMID: 34707691 PMCID: PMC8543560 DOI: 10.1177/17562872211054302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Considering the growing genitourinary (GU) cancer population undergoing systemic treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we planned a clinical audit in 24 Italian institutions treating GU malignancies. Objective: The primary objective was investigating the clinical impact of COVID-19 in GU cancer patients undergoing ICI-based therapy during the first outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 contagion in Italy. Design, setting, and participants: The included centers were 24 Oncology Departments. Two online forms were completed by the responsible Oncology Consultants, respectively, for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) patients receiving at least one administration of ICIs between 31 January 2020 and 30 June 2020. Results and limitation: In total, 287 mRCC patients and 130 mUC patients were included. The COVID-19 incidence was, respectively, 3.5%, with mortality 1%, in mRCC patients and 7.7%, with mortality 3.1%, in mUC patients. In both groups, 40% of patients developing COVID-19 permanently discontinued anticancer treatment. The pre-test SARS-CoV-2 probability in the subgroup of patients who underwent nasal/pharyngeal swab ranged from 14% in mRCC to 26% in mUC. The main limitation of the work was its nature of audit: data were not recorded at the single-patient level. Conclusion: GU cancer patients undergoing active treatment with ICIs have meaningful risk factors for developing severe events from COVID-19 and permanent discontinuation of therapy after the infection. Treatment delays due to organizational issues during the pandemic were unlikely to affect the treatment outcome in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mimma Rizzo
- Division of Translational Oncology, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessio Cortellini
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Carlo Cattrini
- Division of Oncology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Massari
- Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Masini
- Oncology Unit, Clinical Cancer Centre, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppa Vitale
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fornarini
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Orazio Caffo
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Francesco Atzori
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alice Gatti
- Division of Oncology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Macrini
- Department of Oncology, Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, Arezzo, Italy
| | | | - Luca Galli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Franco Morelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Marco Stellato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Fanelli
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Corti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Andrea Zucali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Toscani
- Oncology & Hematology Department, Oncology Unit, Piacenza General Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alberto Dalla Volta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Medical Oncology, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Gernone
- Division of Oncology, AOU Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Baldessari
- Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Leonardo La Torre
- Medical Oncology Department, Santa Maria della Scaletta Hospital, Imola, Italy
| | - Diego Zara
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Oncology, ASUFC University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gennari
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy; Division of Oncology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Sergio Bracarda
- Department of Oncology, Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Camillo Porta
- Division of Oncology, AOU Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
- Chair of Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’, Bari, Italy
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The emerging role of checkpoint inhibitors for rare genitourinary cancers. Nat Rev Urol 2021; 18:133-134. [PMID: 33432180 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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