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Hamed M, Kotob MH, Abou Khalil NS, Anwari EA, El Gazzar WB, Idriss SKA, Fakhry ME, Farag AA, Sabra MS, Salaah SM, Abdel-Zaher S, Yehia Saad FA, Naguib M, Lee JS, Sayed AEDH. Hyaluronic acid impacts hematological endpoints and spleen histological features in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:294. [PMID: 38970005 PMCID: PMC11225171 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its identification in the vitreous humour of the eye and laboratory biosynthesis, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been a vital component in several pharmaceutical, nutritional, medicinal, and cosmetic uses. However, little is known about its potential toxicological impacts on aquatic inhabitants. Herein, we investigated the hematological response of Clarias gariepinus to nominal doses of HA. To achieve this objective, 72 adult fish were randomly and evenly distributed into four groups: control, low-dose (0.5 mg/l HA), medium-dose (10 mg/l HA), and high-dose (100 mg/l HA) groups for two weeks each during both the exposure and recovery periods. The findings confirmed presence of anemia, neutrophilia, leucopoenia, lymphopenia, and eosinophilia at the end of exposure to HA. In addition, poikilocytosis and a variety of cytomorphological disturbances were observed. Dose-dependent histological alterations in spleen morphology were observed in the exposed groups. After HA removal from the aquarium for 2 weeks, the groups exposed to the two highest doses still exhibited a notable decline in red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and an increase in mean corpuscular volume. Additionally, there was a significant rise in neutrophils, eosinophils, cell alterations, and nuclear abnormalities percentages, along with a decrease in monocytes, coupled with a dose-dependent decrease in lymphocytes. Furthermore, only the highest dose of HA in the recovered groups continued to cause a significant increase in white blood cells. White blood cells remained lower, and the proportion of apoptotic RBCs remained higher in the high-dose group. The persistence of most of the haematological and histological disorders even after recovery period indicates a failure of physiological compensatory mechanisms to overcome the HA-associated problems or insufficient duration of recovery. Thus, these findings encourage the inclusion of this new hazardous agent in the biomonitoring program and provide a specific pattern of hematological profile in HA-challenged fish. Further experiments are highly warranted to explore other toxicological hazards of HA using dose/time window protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Drive, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Mohamed H Kotob
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Nasser S Abou Khalil
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University, Assuit, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Anwari
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
- 9Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, 13518, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa K A Idriss
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Michel E Fakhry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Amina A Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha City, 13518, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Sabra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Sally M Salaah
- Fresh Water Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Souzan Abdel-Zaher
- Department of Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Research & Studies Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Fatma Alzahraa Yehia Saad
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Biology Research & Studies Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Mervat Naguib
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Research & Studies Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
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Chen L, Tang H, Chen W, Wang J, Zhang S, Gao J, Chen Y, Zhu X, Huang Z, Chen J. Mitochondria-targeted cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes: Dual induction of A549 cells apoptosis and autophagy. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 249:112397. [PMID: 37844533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized 4 cyclometalated iridium complexes using N-(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-yl)picolinamide (PPA) as the main ligand, denoted as [Ir(ppy)2PPA]PF6 (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, Ir1), [Ir(bzq)2PPA]PF6 (bzq = benzo[h]quinoline, Ir2), [Ir(dfppy)2PPA]PF6 (dfppy = 2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)pyridine, Ir3), and [Ir(thpy)2PPA]PF6 (thpy = 2-(thiophene-2-yl)pyridine, Ir4). Compared to cisplatin and oxaliplatin, all four complexes exhibited significant anti-tumor activity. Among them, Ir2 demonstrated higher cytotoxicity against A549 cells, with an IC50 value of 1.6 ± 0.2 μM. The experimental results indicated that Ir2 primarily localized in the mitochondria, inducing a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, that decreased in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reduced ATP production, and further impaired mitochondrial function, leading to cytochrome c release. Additionally, Ir2 caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase and induced apoptosis through the AKT-mediated signaling pathway. Further investigations revealed that Ir2 could simultaneously induce both apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells, with the latter acting as a non-protective mechanism that promoted cell death. More importantly, Ir2 exhibited low toxicity to both normal LO2 cells in vitro and zebrafish embryos in vivo. Consequently, these newly developed Ir(III) complexes show great potential in the development of novel and low-toxicity anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Hong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Weigang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Shenting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China
| | - Xufeng Zhu
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China.
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China.
| | - Jincan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, PR China.
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3
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Xuan L, Ju Z, Skonieczna M, Zhou P, Huang R. Nanoparticles-induced potential toxicity on human health: Applications, toxicity mechanisms, and evaluation models. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e327. [PMID: 37457660 PMCID: PMC10349198 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have become one of the most popular objects of scientific study during the past decades. However, despite wealth of study reports, still there is a gap, particularly in health toxicology studies, underlying mechanisms, and related evaluation models to deeply understanding the NPs risk effects. In this review, we first present a comprehensive landscape of the applications of NPs on health, especially addressing the role of NPs in medical diagnosis, therapy. Then, the toxicity of NPs on health systems is introduced. We describe in detail the effects of NPs on various systems, including respiratory, nervous, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems, and the carcinogenicity of NPs. Furthermore, we unravels the underlying mechanisms of NPs including ROS accumulation, mitochondrial damage, inflammatory reaction, apoptosis, DNA damage, cell cycle, and epigenetic regulation. In addition, the classical study models such as cell lines and mice and the emerging models such as 3D organoids used for evaluating the toxicity or scientific study are both introduced. Overall, this review presents a critical summary and evaluation of the state of understanding of NPs, giving readers more better understanding of the NPs toxicology to remedy key gaps in knowledge and techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Xuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Zhao Ju
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Magdalena Skonieczna
- Department of Systems Biology and EngineeringInstitute of Automatic ControlSilesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland
| | - Ping‐Kun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for RadiobiologyDepartment of Radiation BiologyBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthXiangya School of Public HealthCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
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Messerschmidt VL, Chintapula U, Bonetesta F, Laboy-Segarra S, Naderi A, Nguyen KT, Cao H, Mager E, Lee J. In vivo Evaluation of Non-viral NICD Plasmid-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Developing Zebrafish to Improve Cardiac Functions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:819767. [PMID: 35283767 PMCID: PMC8906778 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.819767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of the advanced nanomaterials, use of nanoparticles has been highlighted in biomedical research. However, the demonstration of DNA plasmid delivery with nanoparticles for in vivo gene delivery experiments must be carefully tested due to many possible issues, including toxicity. The purpose of the current study was to deliver a Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD)-encoded plasmid via poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and to investigate the toxic environmental side effects for an in vivo experiment. In addition, we demonstrated the target delivery to the endothelium, including the endocardial layer, which is challenging to manipulate gene expression for cardiac functions due to the beating heart and rapid blood pumping. For this study, we used a zebrafish animal model and exposed it to nanoparticles at varying concentrations to observe for specific malformations over time for toxic effects of PLGA nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle. Our nanoparticles caused significantly less malformations than the positive control, ZnO nanoparticles. Additionally, the NICD plasmid was successfully delivered by PLGA nanoparticles and significantly increased Notch signaling related genes. Furthermore, our image based deep-learning analysis approach evaluated that the antibody conjugated nanoparticles were successfully bound to the endocardium to overexpress Notch related genes and improve cardiac function such as ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and cardiac output. This research demonstrates that PLGA nanoparticle-mediated target delivery to upregulate Notch related genes which can be a potential therapeutic approach with minimum toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Messerschmidt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Fabrizio Bonetesta
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Samantha Laboy-Segarra
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Amir Naderi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Kytai T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Hung Cao
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Edward Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States.,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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5
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Liao S, Yang W, Yu T, Dai L, Liu X, Zhang J, Zhao J, Liu C. Establishment of a Drug Screening Model for Cardiac Complications of Acute Renal Failure. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1370. [PMID: 34572583 PMCID: PMC8469377 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical critical syndrome with rapid and severe decline of renal function. Complications of ARF, especially its cardiac complications (cardiorenal syndrome type 3, CRS-3), are the main causes of death in patients with ARF. However, the shortage and limited efficacy of therapeutic drugs make it significant to establish new large-scale drug screening models. Based on the Nitroreductase/Metronidazole (NTR/MTZ) cell ablation system, we constructed a Tg(cdh17:Dendra2-NTR) transgenic zebrafish line, which can specifically ablate renal tubular epithelial cells. The absence of renal tubular epithelial cells can lead to ARF in zebrafish larvae. The ARF symptoms, such as heart enlargement, slow heart rate and blood stasis, are similar to the clinical manifestations of human CRS-3. Furthermore, two therapeutic drugs (digoxin and enalapril) commonly used in the clinical treatment of heart failure were also effective in alleviating the symptoms of CRS-3 in zebrafish, which proved the effectiveness of this model. Drug screening further discovered a potential drug candidate, α-lipoic acid, which can effectively alleviate the symptoms of CRS-3 through its antioxidant function. Accordingly, we established a new ARF model of zebrafish, which laid a foundation for large-scale screening of new therapeutic drugs for its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Liao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wenmin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China;
| | - Lu Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xiaoliang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiangping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China; (S.L.); (W.Y.); (L.D.); (X.L.); (J.Z.)
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Nanoparticles-Based Oligonucleotides Delivery in Cancer: Role of Zebrafish as Animal Model. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081106. [PMID: 34452067 PMCID: PMC8400075 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide (ON) therapeutics are molecular target agents composed of chemically synthesized DNA or RNA molecules capable of inhibiting gene expression or protein function. How ON therapeutics can efficiently reach the inside of target cells remains a problem still to be solved in the majority of potential clinical applications. The chemical structure of ON compounds could affect their capability to pass through the plasma membrane. Other key factors are nuclease degradation in the extracellular space, renal clearance, reticulo-endothelial system, and at the target cell level, the endolysosomal system and the possible export via exocytosis. Several delivery platforms have been proposed to overcome these limits including the use of lipidic, polymeric, and inorganic nanoparticles, or hybrids between them. The possibility of evaluating the efficacy of the proposed therapeutic strategies in useful in vivo models is still a pivotal need, and the employment of zebrafish (ZF) models could expand the range of possibilities. In this review, we briefly describe the main ON therapeutics proposed for anticancer treatment, and the different strategies employed for their delivery to cancer cells. The principal features of ZF models and the pros and cons of their employment in the development of ON-based therapeutic strategies are also discussed.
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Pensado-López A, Fernández-Rey J, Reimunde P, Crecente-Campo J, Sánchez L, Torres Andón F. Zebrafish Models for the Safety and Therapeutic Testing of Nanoparticles with a Focus on Macrophages. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071784. [PMID: 34361170 PMCID: PMC8308170 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New nanoparticles and biomaterials are increasingly being used in biomedical research for drug delivery, diagnostic applications, or vaccines, and they are also present in numerous commercial products, in the environment and workplaces. Thus, the evaluation of the safety and possible therapeutic application of these nanomaterials has become of foremost importance for the proper progress of nanotechnology. Due to economical and ethical issues, in vitro and in vivo methods are encouraged for the testing of new compounds and/or nanoparticles, however in vivo models are still needed. In this scenario, zebrafish (Danio rerio) has demonstrated potential for toxicological and pharmacological screenings. Zebrafish presents an innate immune system, from early developmental stages, with conserved macrophage phenotypes and functions with respect to humans. This fact, combined with the transparency of zebrafish, the availability of models with fluorescently labelled macrophages, as well as a broad variety of disease models offers great possibilities for the testing of new nanoparticles. Thus, with a particular focus on macrophage-nanoparticle interaction in vivo, here, we review the studies using zebrafish for toxicological and biodistribution testing of nanoparticles, and also the possibilities for their preclinical evaluation in various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune, neuroinflammatory, and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Pensado-López
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.-L.); (J.F.-R.)
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Juan Fernández-Rey
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.-L.); (J.F.-R.)
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Pedro Reimunde
- Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Oza, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Campus de Lugo, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (A.P.-L.); (J.F.-R.)
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (F.T.A.)
| | - Fernando Torres Andón
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (F.T.A.)
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Edelfosine nanoemulsions inhibit tumor growth of triple negative breast cancer in zebrafish xenograft model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9873. [PMID: 33972572 PMCID: PMC8110995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for being very aggressive, heterogeneous and highly metastatic. The standard of care treatment is still chemotherapy, with adjacent toxicity and low efficacy, highlighting the need for alternative and more effective therapeutic strategies. Edelfosine, an alkyl-lysophospholipid, has proved to be a promising therapy for several cancer types, upon delivery in lipid nanoparticles. Therefore, the objective of this work was to explore the potential of edelfosine for the treatment of TNBC. Edelfosine nanoemulsions (ET-NEs) composed by edelfosine, Miglyol 812 and phosphatidylcholine as excipients, due to their good safety profile, presented an average size of about 120 nm and a neutral zeta potential, and were stable in biorelevant media. The ability of ET-NEs to interrupt tumor growth in TNBC was demonstrated both in vitro, using a highly aggressive and invasive TNBC cell line, and in vivo, using zebrafish embryos. Importantly, ET-NEs were able to penetrate through the skin barrier of MDA-MB 231 xenografted zebrafish embryos, into the yolk sac, leading to an effective decrease of highly aggressive and invasive tumoral cells’ proliferation. Altogether the results demonstrate the potential of ET-NEs for the development of new therapeutic approaches for TNBC.
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Jyothi S, Krishna K, Ameena Shirin V, Sankar R, Pramod K, Gangadharappa H. Drug delivery systems for the treatment of psoriasis: Current status and prospects. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Cardiovascular and Respiratory Toxicity of Protamine Sulfate in Zebrafish and Rodent Models. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030359. [PMID: 33803176 PMCID: PMC8001545 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protamine sulfate (PS) is the only available option to reverse the anticoagulant activity of unfractionated heparin (UFH), however it can cause cardiovascular and respiratory complications. We explored the toxicity of PS and its complexes with UFH in zebrafish, rats, and mice. The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the above effects was investigated. Concentration-dependent lethality, morphological defects, and decrease in heart rate (HR) were observed in zebrafish larvae. PS affected HR, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peak exhaled CO2, and blood oxygen saturation in rats. We observed hypotension, increase of HR, perfusion of paw vessels, and enhanced respiratory disturbances with increases doses of PS. We found no effects of PS on human hERG channels or signs of heart damage in mice. The hypotension in rats and bradycardia in zebrafish were partially attenuated by the inhibitor of endothelial NO synthase. The disturbances in cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were reduced or delayed when PS was administered together with UFH. The cardiorespiratory toxicity of PS seems to be charge-dependent and involves enhanced release of NO. PS administered at appropriate doses and ratios with UFH should not cause permanent damage of heart tissue, although careful monitoring of cardiorespiratory parameters is necessary.
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11
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Vimalraj S, Yuvashree R, Hariprabu G, Subramanian R, Murali P, Veeraiyan DN, Thangavelu L. Zebrafish as a potential biomaterial testing platform for bone tissue engineering application: A special note on chitosan based bioactive materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:379-395. [PMID: 33556401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials function as an essential aspect of tissue engineering and have a profound impact on cell growth and subsequent tissue regeneration. The development of new biomaterials requires a potential platform to understand the host-biomaterial interaction, which is crucial for successful biomaterial implantation. Biomaterials analyzed in rodent models for in vivo research are cost-effective but tedious, and the practice has many technical difficulties. As an alternative, zebrafish provide an excellent biomaterial testing platform over the current rodent models. During growth and recovery, zebrafish bone morphogenesis shows a variety of inductive signals involved in the cycle that are close to those influencing differentiation of bone and cartilage in mammals, including humans. This platform is cheap, optically transparent, quick to change genes, and provides reliable reproducibility on short life cycles. Chitosan is a well-known biomaterial in the field of tissue engineering. In view of its documented use in bone regeneration, the biological characterization of chitosan-based bioactive materials in the zebrafish model has been featured in an outstanding note. We, therefore, outlined this review of the zebrafish as a potential in vivo research model for the rapid characterization of the biological properties of new biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India; Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Gopal Hariprabu
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raghunandhakumar Subramanian
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palraju Murali
- Department of Zoology, N.M.S.S. Vellaichamy Nadar College, Nagamalai, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy Veeraiyan
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Kagotani K, Nakayama H, Zang L, Fujimoto Y, Hayashi A, Sono R, Nishimura N, Shimada Y. Lecithin-Based Dermal Drug Delivery for Anti-Pigmentation Maize Ceramide. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071595. [PMID: 32244349 PMCID: PMC7180834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramides have several well-known biological properties, including anti-pigmentation and anti-melanogenesis, which make them applicable for use in skincare products in cosmetics. However, the efficacy of ceramides is still limited. Dermal or transdermal drug delivery systems can enhance the anti-pigmentation properties of ceramides, although there is currently no systemic evaluation method for the efficacy of these systems. Here we prepared several types of lecithin-based emulsion of maize-derived glucosylceramide, determining PC70-ceramide (phosphatidylcholine-base) to be the safest and most effective anti-pigmentation agent using zebrafish larvae. We also demonstrated the efficacy of PC70 as a drug delivery system by showing that PC70-Nile Red (red fluorescence) promoted Nile Red accumulation in the larval bodies. In addition, PC70-ceramide suppressed melanin in mouse B16 melanoma cells compared to ceramide alone. In conclusion, we developed a lecithin-based dermal delivery method for ceramide using zebrafish larvae with implications for human clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Kagotani
- Tsuji Health & Beauty Science Laboratory, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan;
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Hiroko Nakayama
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Liqing Zang
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujimoto
- Tsuji Oil Mills Co., Ltd., Matsusaka, Mie 515-0053, Japan; (Y.F.); (A.H.); (R.S.)
| | - Akihito Hayashi
- Tsuji Oil Mills Co., Ltd., Matsusaka, Mie 515-0053, Japan; (Y.F.); (A.H.); (R.S.)
| | - Ryoji Sono
- Tsuji Oil Mills Co., Ltd., Matsusaka, Mie 515-0053, Japan; (Y.F.); (A.H.); (R.S.)
| | - Norihiro Nishimura
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Graduate School of Regional Innovation Studies, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Zebrafish Drug Screening Center, Mie University, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.N.); (L.Z.); (N.N.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-231-5384
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13
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de Lima Nascimento TR, de Amoêdo Campos Velo MM, Silva CF, Costa Cruz SBS, Gondim BLC, Mondelli RFL, Castellano LRC. Current Applications of Biopolymer-based Scaffolds and Nanofibers as Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:3997-4012. [PMID: 31701845 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191108162948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high surface-to-volume ratio of polymeric nanofibers makes them an effective vehicle for the release of bioactive molecules and compounds such as growth factors, drugs, herbal extracts and gene sequences. Synthetic polymers are commonly used as sensors, reinforcements and energy storage, whereas natural polymers are more prone to mimicking an extracellular matrix. Natural polymers are a renewable resource and classified as an environmentally friendly material, which might be used in different techniques to produce nanofibers for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, implantable medical devices, antimicrobial barriers and wound dressings, among others. This review sheds some light on the advantages of natural over synthetic polymeric materials for nanofiber production. Also, the most important techniques employed to produce natural nanofibers are presented. Moreover, some pieces of evidence regarding toxicology and cell-interactions using natural nanofibers are discussed. Clearly, the potential extrapolation of such laboratory results into human health application should be addressed cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Rita de Lima Nascimento
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health of UFPB, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Félix Silva
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health of UFPB, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Sara Brito Silva Costa Cruz
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health of UFPB, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Brenna Louise Cavalcanti Gondim
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health of UFPB, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - Rafael Francisco Lia Mondelli
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Roberto Cançado Castellano
- Human Immunology Research and Education Group (GEPIH), Technical School of Health of UFPB, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil
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14
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White DT, Saxena MT, Mumm JS. Let's get small (and smaller): Combining zebrafish and nanomedicine to advance neuroregenerative therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 148:344-359. [PMID: 30769046 PMCID: PMC6937731 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several key attributes of zebrafish make them an ideal model system for the discovery and development of regeneration promoting therapeutics; most notably their robust capacity for self-repair which extends to the central nervous system. Further, by enabling large-scale drug discovery directly in living vertebrate disease models, zebrafish circumvent critical bottlenecks which have driven drug development costs up. This review summarizes currently available zebrafish phenotypic screening platforms, HTS-ready neurodegenerative disease modeling strategies, zebrafish small molecule screens which have succeeded in identifying regeneration promoting compounds and explores how intravital imaging in zebrafish can facilitate comprehensive analysis of nanocarrier biodistribution and pharmacokinetics. Finally, we discuss the benefits and challenges attending the combination of zebrafish and nanoparticle-based drug optimization, highlighting inspiring proof-of-concept studies and looking toward implementation across the drug development community.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T White
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Meera T Saxena
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Luminomics Inc., Baltimore, MD 21286, USA
| | - Jeff S Mumm
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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15
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Crecente-Campo J, Guerra-Varela J, Peleteiro M, Gutiérrez-Lovera C, Fernández-Mariño I, Diéguez-Docampo A, González-Fernández Á, Sánchez L, Alonso MJ. The size and composition of polymeric nanocapsules dictate their interaction with macrophages and biodistribution in zebrafish. J Control Release 2019; 308:98-108. [PMID: 31306677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are pivotal cells of the innate immune system specialized in the phagocytosis of foreign elements. Nanoparticles intentionally designed to target macrophages and modulate their response are of especial interest in the case of chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer and for vaccine development. This work aimed to understand the role of size and shell composition of polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) in their interaction with macrophages, both in vitro and in vivo. A systematic study was performed using two different sizes of inulin and chitosan NCs, negatively and positively charged, respectively, small (≈ 70 nm) and medium (170-250 nm). The in vitro results showed that small NCs interacted more efficiently with macrophages than their larger counterparts. Inulin NCs were significantly less toxic than chitosan NCs. Finally, following in vivo administration (intravenous/intramuscular) to zebrafish, small NCs, regardless of their composition, disseminated considerably faster and further than their medium size counterparts. These results emphasize how small changes in the nanometric range can lead to a remarkably different interaction with the immune cells and biodistribution profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jorge Guerra-Varela
- Department of Zoology, Genetics & Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; Geneaqua S.L., Lugo, Spain
| | - Mercedes Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO) (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Universidade de Vigo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Campus Universitario, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Carlha Gutiérrez-Lovera
- Department of Zoology, Genetics & Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Iago Fernández-Mariño
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea Diéguez-Docampo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO) (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Universidade de Vigo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Campus Universitario, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - África González-Fernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CINBIO) (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Universidade de Vigo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Campus Universitario, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Department of Zoology, Genetics & Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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16
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Combination of hyaluronic acid and PLGA particles as hybrid systems for viscosupplementation in osteoarthritis. Int J Pharm 2019; 559:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Calienni MN, Lillo CR, Prieto MJ, Gorojod RM, V Alonso SD, Kotler ML, Gonzalez MC, Montanari J. Comparative toxicity of PEG and folate-derived blue-emitting silicon nanoparticles: in vitro and in vivo studies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:375-385. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Amino functionalization is a first step modification aiming to achieve biomedical applications of silicon nanoparticles, for example, for photodynamic therapy or radiotherapy. Nevertheless, toxicity and low quantum yields due to the positive charge of amino groups emerge as a problem that could be solved with subsequent derivatizations. Materials & methods: Folic and PEG-conjugated nanoparticles were obtained from amino-functionalized silicon nanoparticle (NH2SiNP). Cytotoxicity was determined on a tumor cell line at low and high concentrations. Four end points of in vivo toxicity were evaluated on zebrafish (Danio rerio). Results: Folic acid functionalization reduced the cytotoxicity in comparison to amino and PEG-functionalized nanoparticles. In zebrafish, folic functionalization lowered toxicity in general while PEG increased it. Conclusion: Functionalization of NH2SiNP with folic acid reduced the toxic effects in vitro and in vivo. This could be useful for therapeutic applications. PEG functionalization did not lower the toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Natalia Calienni
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas - GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
| | - Cristian R Lillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanosistemas (INS), Universidad Nacional de San Martin, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - M Jimena Prieto
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas - GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
| | - Roxana M Gorojod
- CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, 1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia del V Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas - GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
| | - Mónica L Kotler
- CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, 1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica C Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Montanari
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas - GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
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18
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Cordeiro AS, Crecente-Campo J, Bouzo BL, González SF, de la Fuente M, Alonso MJ. Engineering polymeric nanocapsules for an efficient drainage and biodistribution in the lymphatic system. J Drug Target 2019; 27:646-658. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1561886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sara Cordeiro
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Crecente-Campo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belén L. Bouzo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Santiago F. González
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - María de la Fuente
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine & Chronic Diseases (CIMUS) Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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19
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Guerrero S, Inostroza-Riquelme M, Contreras-Orellana P, Diaz-Garcia V, Lara P, Vivanco-Palma A, Cárdenas A, Miranda V, Robert P, Leyton L, Kogan MJ, Quest AFG, Oyarzun-Ampuero F. Curcumin-loaded nanoemulsion: a new safe and effective formulation to prevent tumor reincidence and metastasis. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22612-22622. [PMID: 30484463 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06173d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin is widely considered beneficial to human health, but insolubility and instability greatly hamper reproducible exploitation of the advantageous traits. Here we report on the development, characterization and evaluation of a curcumin-loaded nanoemulsion (CUR-NEM) that is highly effective in preventing post-surgery tumor reincidence and metastasis. The method of fabrication utilized safe excipients and generated particles of 200 nm (PDI ≤ 0.2) with negative zeta potential (-30 mV) and a high yield of curcumin (95%), which can be converted by lyophilization to a dry powder. In vitro assays showed that CUR-NEM is safe in non-cancerous human cells (HEK-293T) and preferentially cytotoxic in gastric (AGS), colon (HT29-ATCC, HT29-US), breast (MDA-MB-231) and melanoma (B16F10) cells. In addition, in melanoma cells the nanoformulation increases intracellular curcumin accumulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, while preventing cell-migration and invasion. In vivo studies in C57BL/6 mice demonstrated that a single dose, applied topically to the wounded area after surgical excision of primary tumors formed upon subcutaneous injection of syngeneic B16F10 cells, was sufficient to completely prevent reincident tumor growth and spontaneous lung metastasis, while in untreated animals 70% reincidence and metastasis were observed. In vivo experiments also showed that the fluorescence signal due to curcumin was maintained at least 15 days after topical application of CUR-NEM, while when administered in DMSO the curcumin signal disappeared within 4 days. Importantly, the administration of a dose 22 times larger than that applied topically to animals after tumor surgery did not alter biochemical parameters. Due to the safety and efficacy of the formulation, we envisage it as ideal for topical application in cancer patients following surgery, to prevent tumor reincidence and metastasis. In addition, other routes of administration/protocols could also be proposed to treat/prevent malignant tumors in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Guerrero
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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20
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Lillo CR, Natalia Calienni M, Gorojod RM, Rivas Aiello MB, Rodriguez Sartori D, Prieto MJ, Alonso SDV, Kotler ML, Gonzalez MC, Montanari J. Toward biomedical application of amino-functionalized silicon nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1349-1370. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon blue-emitting nanoparticles (NPs) are promising effectors for photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy, because of their production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation. Results: Amino-functionalized silicon NPs (NH2SiNP) were intrinsically nontoxic below 100 μg/ml in vitro (on two tumor cell lines) and in vivo (zebrafish larvae and embryos). NH2SiNP showed a moderate effect as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy and reduced ROS generation in radiotherapy, which could be indicative of a ROS scavenging effect. Encapsulation of NH2SiNP into ultradeformable liposomes improved their skin penetration after topical application, reaching the viable epidermis where neoplastic events occur. Conclusion: Subsequent derivatizations after amino-functionalization and incorporation to nanodrug delivery systems could expand the spectrum of the biomedical application of these kind of silicon NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian R Lillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
- Instituto de Nanosistemas (INS), Universidad Nacional de San Martin, 1650 San Martín, Argentina
| | - María Natalia Calienni
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas – GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
| | - Roxana M Gorojod
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, 1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Rivas Aiello
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Damián Rodriguez Sartori
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Jimena Prieto
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas – GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
| | - Silvia del V Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas – GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
| | - Mónica L Kotler
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Química Biológica Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Laboratorio de Disfunción Celular en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas y Nanomedicina, 1428 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica C Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CCT-La Plata-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Montanari
- Laboratorio de Biomembranas – GBEyB (IMBICE, CCT-La Plata, CONICET), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 1876 Bernal, Argentina
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21
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Inostroza-Riquelme M, Vivanco A, Lara P, Guerrero S, Salas-Huenuleo E, Chamorro A, Leyton L, Bolaños K, Araya E, Quest AFG, Kogan MJ, Oyarzun-Ampuero F. Encapsulation of Gold Nanostructures and Oil-in-Water Nanocarriers in Microgels with Biomedical Potential. Molecules 2018; 23:E1208. [PMID: 29783629 PMCID: PMC6099665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report the incorporation of gold nanostructures (nanospheres or nanorods, functionalized with carboxylate-end PEG) and curcumin oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions (CurNem) into alginate microgels using the dripping technique. While gold nanostructures are promising nanomaterials for photothermal therapy applications, CurNem possess important pharmacological activities as reported here. In this sense, we evaluated the effect of CurNem on cell viability of both cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines (AGS and HEK293T, respectively), demonstrating preferential toxicity in cancer cells and safety for the non-cancerous cells. After incorporating gold nanostructures and CurNem together into the microgels, microstructures with diameters of 220 and 540 µm were obtained. When stimulating microgels with a laser, the plasmon effect promoted a significant rise in the temperature of the medium; the temperature increase was higher for those containing gold nanorods (11⁻12 °C) than nanospheres (1⁻2 °C). Interestingly, the incorporation of both nanosystems in the microgels maintains the photothermal properties of the gold nanostructures unmodified and retains with high efficiency the curcumin nanocarriers. We conclude that these results will be of interest to design hydrogel formulations with therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Inostroza-Riquelme
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Andrea Vivanco
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Pablo Lara
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Simón Guerrero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Edison Salas-Huenuleo
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Alejandro Chamorro
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Karen Bolaños
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 275, Santiago 8370251, Chile.
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 275, Santiago 8370251, Chile.
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
- Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Universidad de Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
| | - Felipe Oyarzun-Ampuero
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile. Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
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22
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Belmonte-Reche E, Martínez-García M, Guédin A, Zuffo M, Arévalo-Ruiz M, Doria F, Campos-Salinas J, Maynadier M, López-Rubio JJ, Freccero M, Mergny JL, Pérez-Victoria JM, Morales JC. G-Quadruplex Identification in the Genome of Protozoan Parasites Points to Naphthalene Diimide Ligands as New Antiparasitic Agents. J Med Chem 2018; 61:1231-1240. [PMID: 29323491 PMCID: PMC6148440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
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G-quadruplexes
(G4) are DNA secondary structures that take part
in the regulation of gene expression. Putative G4 forming sequences
(PQS) have been reported in mammals, yeast, bacteria, and viruses.
Here, we present PQS searches on the genomes of T. brucei,
L. major, and P. falciparum. We found telomeric
sequences and new PQS motifs. Biophysical experiments showed that
EBR1, a 29 nucleotide long highly repeated PQS in T. brucei, forms a stable G4 structure. G4 ligands based on carbohydrate conjugated
naphthalene diimides (carb-NDIs) that bind G4’s including hTel
could bind EBR1 with selectivity versus dsDNA. These ligands showed
important antiparasitic activity. IC50 values were in the
nanomolar range against T. brucei with high selectivity
against MRC-5 human cells. Confocal microscopy confirmed these ligands
localize in the nucleus and kinetoplast of T. brucei suggesting they can reach their potential G4 targets. Cytotoxicity
and zebrafish toxicity studies revealed sugar conjugation reduces
intrinsic toxicity of NDIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efres Belmonte-Reche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, CSIC , PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, CSIC , PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Aurore Guédin
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Michela Zuffo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matilde Arévalo-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, CSIC , PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Filippo Doria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jenny Campos-Salinas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, CSIC , PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Marjorie Maynadier
- Dynamique des Interactions Membranaires Normales et Pathologiques, CNRS UMR 5235, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - José Juan López-Rubio
- CNRS, 5290, IRD 224, University of Montpellier (UMR "MiVEGEC"), INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , Via Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR5320, Institut Européen de Chimie Biologie (IECB), 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France.,Institute of Biophysics , AS CR, v.v.i. Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - José María Pérez-Victoria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, CSIC , PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Morales
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina, CSIC , PTS Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento, 17, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
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23
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Gutiérrez-Lovera C, Vázquez-Ríos AJ, Guerra-Varela J, Sánchez L, de la Fuente M. The Potential of Zebrafish as a Model Organism for Improving the Translation of Genetic Anticancer Nanomedicines. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E349. [PMID: 29182542 PMCID: PMC5748667 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the field of nanomedicine applied to cancer has revolutionized cancer treatment: several nanoformulations have already reached the market and are routinely being used in the clinical practice. In the case of genetic nanomedicines, i.e., designed to deliver gene therapies to cancer cells for therapeutic purposes, advances have been less impressive. This is because of the many barriers that limit the access of the therapeutic nucleic acids to their target site, and the lack of models that would allow for an improvement in the understanding of how nanocarriers can be tailored to overcome them. Zebrafish has important advantages as a model species for the study of anticancer therapies, and have a lot to offer regarding the rational development of efficient delivery of genetic nanomedicines, and hence increasing the chances of their successful translation. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in the development of genetic anticancer nanomedicines, and of the zebrafish models that stand as promising tools to shed light on their mechanisms of action and overall potential in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gutiérrez-Lovera
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - A J Vázquez-Ríos
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - J Guerra-Varela
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
- Geneaqua S.L., Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - L Sánchez
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - M de la Fuente
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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