1
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Singh H, Das A, Khan MM, Pourmotabbed T. New insights into the therapeutic approaches for the treatment of tauopathies. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1020-1026. [PMID: 37862204 PMCID: PMC10749630 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies are a group of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, which involve progressive neurodegeneration, cognitive deficits, and aberrant tau protein accumulation. The development of tauopathies cannot currently be stopped or slowed down by treatment measures. Given the significant contribution of tau burden in primary tauopathies and the strong association between pathogenic tau accumulation and cognitive deficits, there has been a lot of interest in creating therapies that can alleviate tau pathology and render neuroprotective effects. Recently, small molecules, immunotherapies, and gene therapy have been used to reduce the pathological tau burden and prevent neurodegeneration in animal models of tauopathies. However, the major pitfall of the current therapeutic approach is the difficulty of drugs and gene-targeting modalities to cross the blood-brain barrier and their unintended side effects. In this review, the current therapeutic strategies used for tauopathies including the use of oligonucleotide-based gene therapy approaches that have shown a promising result for the treatment of tauopathies and Alzheimer's disease in preclinical animal models, have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi, India
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Asmita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Moshahid Khan
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences and Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tayebeh Pourmotabbed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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2
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Kolesnik VV, Nurtdinov RF, Oloruntimehin ES, Karabelsky AV, Malogolovkin AS. Optimization strategies and advances in the research and development of AAV-based gene therapy to deliver large transgenes. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1607. [PMID: 38488469 PMCID: PMC10941601 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based therapies are recognized as one of the most potent next-generation treatments for inherited and genetic diseases. However, several biological and technological aspects of AAV vectors remain a critical issue for their widespread clinical application. Among them, the limited capacity of the AAV genome significantly hinders the development of AAV-based gene therapy. In this context, genetically modified transgenes compatible with AAV are opening up new opportunities for unlimited gene therapies for many genetic disorders. Recent advances in de novo protein design and remodelling are paving the way for new, more efficient and targeted gene therapeutics. Using computational and genetic tools, AAV expression cassette and transgenic DNA can be split, miniaturized, shuffled or created from scratch to mediate efficient gene transfer into targeted cells. In this review, we highlight recent advances in AAV-based gene therapy with a focus on its use in translational research. We summarize recent research and development in gene therapy, with an emphasis on large transgenes (>4.8 kb) and optimizing strategies applied by biomedical companies in the research pipeline. We critically discuss the prospects for AAV-based treatment and some emerging challenges. We anticipate that the continued development of novel computational tools will lead to rapid advances in basic gene therapy research and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria V. Kolesnik
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical ParasitologyTropical and Vector‐Borne Diseases, Sechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Ruslan F. Nurtdinov
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical ParasitologyTropical and Vector‐Borne Diseases, Sechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
| | - Ezekiel Sola Oloruntimehin
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical ParasitologyTropical and Vector‐Borne Diseases, Sechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
| | | | - Alexander S. Malogolovkin
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical ParasitologyTropical and Vector‐Borne Diseases, Sechenov UniversityMoscowRussia
- Center for Translational MedicineSirius University of Science and TechnologySochiRussia
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3
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Brotto D, Greggio M, De Filippis C, Trevisi P. Autosomal Recessive Non-Syndromic Deafness: Is AAV Gene Therapy a Real Chance? Audiol Res 2024; 14:239-253. [PMID: 38525683 PMCID: PMC10961695 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres14020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of sensorineural hearing loss is heavily influenced by genetic mutations, with approximately 80% of cases attributed to genetic causes and only 20% to environmental factors. Over 100 non-syndromic deafness genes have been identified in humans thus far. In non-syndromic sensorineural hearing impairment, around 75-85% of cases follow an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. In recent years, groundbreaking advancements in molecular gene therapy for inner-ear disorders have shown promising results. Experimental studies have demonstrated improvements in hearing following a single local injection of adeno-associated virus-derived vectors carrying an additional normal gene or using ribozymes to modify the genome. These pioneering approaches have opened new possibilities for potential therapeutic interventions. Following the PRISMA criteria, we summarized the AAV gene therapy experiments showing hearing improvement in the preclinical phases of development in different animal models of DFNB deafness and the AAV gene therapy programs currently in clinical phases targeting autosomal recessive non syndromic hearing loss. A total of 17 preclinical studies and 3 clinical studies were found and listed. Despite the hurdles, there have been significant breakthroughs in the path of HL gene therapy, holding great potential for providing patients with novel and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Brotto
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Greggio
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Cosimo De Filippis
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Patrizia Trevisi
- Department of Neuroscience DNS, Otolaryngology Section, Padova University, 35128 Padova, Italy; (D.B.); (C.D.F.); (P.T.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Azienda Ospedale Università Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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4
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Banks E, Gutekunst CA, Vargish GA, Eaton A, Pelkey KA, McBain CJ, Zheng JQ, Oláh VJ, Rowan MJM. An enhancer-AAV approach selectively targeting dentate granule cells of the mouse hippocampus. Cell Rep Methods 2024; 4:100684. [PMID: 38211592 PMCID: PMC10831952 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The mammalian brain contains a diverse array of cell types, including dozens of neuronal subtypes with distinct anatomical and functional characteristics. The brain leverages these neuron-type specializations to perform diverse circuit operations and thus execute different behaviors properly. Through the use of Cre lines, access to specific neuron types has improved over past decades. Despite their extraordinary utility, development and cross-breeding of Cre lines is time consuming and expensive, presenting a significant barrier to entry for investigators. Furthermore, cell-based therapeutics developed in Cre mice are not clinically translatable. Recently, several adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors utilizing neuron-type-specific regulatory transcriptional sequences (enhancer-AAVs) were developed that overcome these limitations. Using a publicly available RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) dataset, we evaluated the potential of several candidate enhancers for neuron-type-specific targeting in the hippocampus. Here, we demonstrate that a previously identified enhancer-AAV selectively targets dentate granule cells over other excitatory neuron types in the hippocampus of wild-type adult mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmie Banks
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; GDBBS Graduate Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Claire-Anne Gutekunst
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Vargish
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna Eaton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Human Development, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth A Pelkey
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chris J McBain
- Section on Cellular and Synaptic Physiology, NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Q Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Viktor Janos Oláh
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Matthew J M Rowan
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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5
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Devadoss R, Dhillon G, Sharma P, Verma RK, Munjal R, Kashyap R. Heartfelt Breakthroughs: Elevating Quality of Life with Cutting-Edge Advances in Heart Failure Treatment. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:15. [PMID: 38248885 PMCID: PMC10816021 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a cardiovascular condition, leading to fatigue, breathlessness, and fluid retention. It affects around 56 million people globally and is a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality. Its prevalence is rising due to aging populations and lifestyle factors. Managing heart failure demands a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing medications, lifestyle modifications, and often medical devices or surgeries. The treatment burden is substantial, impacting patients' daily lives and straining healthcare systems. Improving early detection, novel therapies, and patient education are crucial for alleviating the burden and enhancing the quality of life. There are notable advancements in the field of heart failure treatment and prevention. We will discuss significant pharmacological and device advances related to heart failure, including angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibition, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, cardiac resynchronization therapy, cardiac contractility modulation, mechanical circulatory support devices, and transcatheter valve interventions. We will also review novel therapies on the horizon, emerging technologies like CRISPR-based treatments for genetic anomalies, and the involvement of artificial intelligence in heart failure detection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gagandeep Dhillon
- Department of Medicine, UM Baltimore Washington Medical Center, Glen Burnie, MD 21061, USA;
| | - Pranjal Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA;
| | | | | | - Rahul Kashyap
- WellSpan Health, 1001 S George St., York, PA 17403, USA
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Nerella SG, Michaelides M, Minamimoto T, Innis RB, Pike VW, Eldridge MAG. PET reporter systems for the brain. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:941-952. [PMID: 37734962 PMCID: PMC10592100 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) can be used as a noninvasive method to longitudinally monitor and quantify the expression of proteins in the brain in vivo. It can be used to monitor changes in biomarkers of mental health disorders, and to assess therapeutic interventions such as stem cell and molecular genetic therapies. The utility of PET monitoring depends on the availability of a radiotracer with good central nervous system (CNS) penetration and high selectivity for the target protein. This review evaluates existing methods for the visualization of reporter proteins and/or protein function using PET imaging, focusing on engineered systems, and discusses possible approaches for future success in the development of high-sensitivity and high-specificity PET reporter systems for the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Goud Nerella
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Robert B Innis
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mark A G Eldridge
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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7
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Zeppieri M, Musa M. Beyond the Dusty Fog: Local Eye Drop Therapy and Potentially New Treatment Alternatives in Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma. Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-135366. [PMID: 37855339 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673255220231010073215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) is a type of secondary open-angle glaucoma characterized by the accumulation of whitish-gray material on the trabecular meshwork and lens, leading to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic nerve damage. Local eye drop therapy is one of the first-line treatments for PEG, which include prostaglandin analogues, beta-blockers, and alpha-adrenergic agonists to lower IOP. New treatments beyond conventional techniques, however, are constantly being developed. One potential treatment proposed for PEG is based on magnetic phage display, which involves using magnetic nanoparticles conjugated to specific peptides or proteins selected using phage display techniques to remove aggregates in the anterior chamber of the eye or inflammatory cells and cytokines that contribute to PEG pathogenesis. Other potential treatments include microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcription stages. Gene therapies, nanotechnology, immunotherapy and methods based on stem cells can also be potentially used to target and treat specific tissues and cells responsible for regulating IOP. In addition, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), a non-invasive procedure that utilizes low-level laser therapy to improve cellular function and promote tissue repair, can prove an interesting alternative in treating PEG. The aim of our mini-review is to provide a brief overview of these innovative methods that appear to offer potentially promising treatment options for PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria
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8
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Burban A, Pucyło S, Sikora A, Opolski G, Grabowski M, Kołodzińska A. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy versus Storage Diseases with Myocardial Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13239. [PMID: 37686045 PMCID: PMC10488064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main causes of heart failure is cardiomyopathies. Among them, the most common is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), characterized by thickening of the left ventricular muscle. This article focuses on HCM and other cardiomyopathies with myocardial hypertrophy, including Fabry disease, Pompe disease, and Danon disease. The genetics and pathogenesis of these diseases are described, as well as current and experimental treatment options, such as pharmacological intervention and the potential of gene therapies. Although genetic approaches are promising and have the potential to become the best treatments for these diseases, further research is needed to evaluate their efficacy and safety. This article describes current knowledge and advances in the treatment of the aforementioned cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Burban
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 81 Żwirki i Wigury Street, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Pucyło
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Aleksandra Sikora
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Grzegorz Opolski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcin Grabowski
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Kołodzińska
- First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland; (A.B.); (S.P.); (A.S.); (G.O.); (M.G.)
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9
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Takatsuka S, Kubota T, Kurashina Y, Onoe H. Near-Infrared-Triggered On-Demand Controlled Release of Adeno-Associated Virus from Alginate Hydrogel Microbeads with Heat Transducer for Gene Therapy. Small 2023; 19:e2204139. [PMID: 36494160 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) has potential as a radical treatment modality for genetic diseases such as sensorineural deafness. To establish clinical applications, it is necessary to avoid immune response to AAV by controlled release system of AAV. Here, a near-infrared (NIR)-triggered on-demand AAV release system using alginate hydrogel microbeads with a heat transducer is proposed. By using a centrifuge-based microdroplet shooting device, the microbeads encapsulating AAV with Fe3 O4 microparticles (Fe3 O4 -MPs) as a heat transducer are fabricated. Fe3 O4 -MPs generated heat by NIR enhanced the diffusion speed of the AAV, resulting in the AAV being released from the microbeads. By irradiating the microbeads encapsulating fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles (FP-NPs) (viral model) with NIR, the fluorescence intensity decreased only for FP-NPs with a diameter of 20 nm and not for 100 or 200 nm, confirming that this system can release virus with a diameter of several tens of nanometers. By irradiating NIR to the AAV-encapsulating microbeads with Fe3 O4 -MPs, the AAV is released on demand, and gene transfection to cells by AAV is confirmed without loss of viral activity. The NIR-triggered AAV release system proposed in this study increases the number of alternatives for the method of drug release in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Takatsuka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuta Kurashina
- Division of Advanced Mechanical Systems Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Hanamachi, Koganei-shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
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10
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Vanover D, Zurla C, Peck HE, Orr‐Burks N, Joo JY, Murray J, Holladay N, Hobbs RA, Jung Y, Chaves LCS, Rotolo L, Lifland AW, Olivier AK, Li D, Saunders KO, Sempowski GD, Crowe JE, Haynes BF, Lafontaine ER, Hogan RJ, Santangelo PJ. Nebulized mRNA-Encoded Antibodies Protect Hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2202771. [PMID: 36316224 PMCID: PMC9731714 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the success of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines, there remains a clear need for new classes of preventatives for respiratory viral infections due to vaccine hesitancy, lack of sterilizing immunity, and for at-risk patient populations, including the immunocompromised. While many neutralizing antibodies have been identified, and several approved, to treat COVID-19, systemic delivery, large doses, and high costs have the potential to limit their widespread use, especially in low- and middle-income countries. To use these antibodies more efficiently, an inhalable formulation is developed that allows for the expression of mRNA-encoded, membrane-anchored neutralizing antibodies in the lung to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 infections. First, the ability of mRNA-encoded, membrane-anchored, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies to prevent infections in vitro is demonstrated. Next, it is demonstrated that nebulizer-based delivery of these mRNA-expressed neutralizing antibodies potently abrogates disease in the hamster model. Overall, these results support the use of nebulizer-based mRNA expression of neutralizing antibodies as a new paradigm for mitigating respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryll Vanover
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Chiara Zurla
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Hannah E. Peck
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Nichole Orr‐Burks
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA
| | - Jae Yeon Joo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Jackelyn Murray
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA
| | - Nathan Holladay
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA
| | - Ryan A. Hobbs
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Younghun Jung
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Lorena C. S. Chaves
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Laura Rotolo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Aaron W. Lifland
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Alicia K. Olivier
- Department of Pathobiology and Population MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS39762USA
| | - Dapeng Li
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and the Departments of Medicine and ImmunologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Kevin O. Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine InstituteDepartments of SurgeryMolecular Genetics and Microbiologyand ImmunologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Gregory D. Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and the Departments of Medicine and ImmunologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - James E. Crowe
- Vanderbilt Vaccine CenterVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN37232USA
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and the Departments of Medicine and ImmunologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNC27710USA
| | - Eric R. Lafontaine
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA
| | - Robert J. Hogan
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic ImagingCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA30602USA
| | - Philip J. Santangelo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringEmory University and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30322USA
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11
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Gomez Limia C, Baird M, Schwartz M, Saxena S, Meyer K, Wein N. Emerging Perspectives on Gene Therapy Delivery for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disorders. J Pers Med 2022; 12. [PMID: 36556200 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12121979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD), are a group of heterogeneous diseases that mainly affect central nervous system (CNS) functions. A subset of NDDs exhibit CNS dysfunction and muscle degeneration, as observed in Gangliosidosis 1 (GM1) and late stages of PD. Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are a group of diseases in which patients show primary progressive muscle weaknesses, including Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), Pompe disease, and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). NDDs and NMDs typically have a genetic component, which affects the physiological functioning of critical cellular processes, leading to pathogenesis. Currently, there is no cure or efficient treatment for most of these diseases. More than 200 clinical trials have been completed or are currently underway in order to establish safety, tolerability, and efficacy of promising gene therapy approaches. Thus, gene therapy-based therapeutics, including viral or non-viral delivery, are very appealing for the treatment of NDDs and NMDs. In particular, adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) are an attractive option for gene therapy for NDDs and NMDs. However, limitations have been identified after systemic delivery, including the suboptimal capacity of these therapies to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), degradation of the particles during the delivery, high reactivity of the patient's immune system during the treatment, and the potential need for redosing. To circumvent these limitations, several preclinical and clinical studies have suggested intrathecal (IT) delivery to target the CNS and peripheral organs via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF administration can vastly improve the delivery of small molecules and drugs to the brain and spinal cord as compared to systemic delivery. Here, we review AAV biology and vector design elements, different therapeutic routes of administration, and highlight CSF delivery as an attractive route of administration. We discuss the different aspects of neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases, such as pathogenesis, the landscape of mutations, and the biological processes associated with the disease. We also describe the hallmarks of NDDs and NMDs as well as discuss current therapeutic approaches and clinical progress in viral and non-viral gene therapy and enzyme replacement strategies for those diseases.
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12
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Castiello L, Santodonato L, Napolitano M, Carlei D, Montefiore E, Monque DM, D’Agostino G, Aricò E. Chimeric Antigen Receptor Immunotherapy for Solid Tumors: Choosing the Right Ingredients for the Perfect Recipe. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5351. [PMID: 36358770 PMCID: PMC9655484 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies are revolutionizing the clinical practice of hematological tumors, whereas minimal progresses have been achieved in the solid tumor arena. Multiple reasons have been ascribed to this slower pace: The higher heterogeneity, the hurdles of defining reliable tumor antigens to target, and the broad repertoire of immune escape strategies developed by solid tumors are considered among the major ones. Currently, several CAR therapies are being investigated in preclinical and early clinical trials against solid tumors differing in the type of construct, the cells that are engineered, and the additional signals included with the CAR constructs to overcome solid tumor barriers. Additionally, novel approaches in development aim at overcoming some of the limitations that emerged with the approved therapies, such as large-scale manufacturing, duration of manufacturing, and logistical issues. In this review, we analyze the advantages and challenges of the different approaches under development, balancing the scientific evidences supporting specific choices with the manufacturing and regulatory issues that are essential for their further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Castiello
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Santodonato
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Napolitano
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Carlei
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Montefiore
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Maria Monque
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina D’Agostino
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Aricò
- Cell Factory FaBioCell, Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
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13
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Clark IH, Roman A, Fellows E, Radha S, Var SR, Roushdy Z, Borer SM, Johnson S, Chen O, Borgida JS, Steevens A, Shetty A, Strell P, Low WC, Grande AW. Cell Reprogramming for Regeneration and Repair of the Nervous System. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2598. [PMID: 36289861 PMCID: PMC9599606 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A persistent barrier to the cure and treatment of neurological diseases is the limited ability of the central and peripheral nervous systems to undergo neuroregeneration and repair. Recent efforts have turned to regeneration of various cell types through cellular reprogramming of native cells as a promising therapy to replenish lost or diminished cell populations in various neurological diseases. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current viral vectors, genes of interest, and target cellular populations that have been studied, as well as the challenges and future directions of these novel therapies. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which cellular reprogramming could be optimized as treatment in neurological diseases and a review of the most recent cellular reprogramming in vitro and in vivo studies will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac H. Clark
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alex Roman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Emily Fellows
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Swathi Radha
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Susanna R. Var
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Zachary Roushdy
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Samuel M. Borer
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Olivia Chen
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jacob S. Borgida
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Aleta Steevens
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Anala Shetty
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Molecular, Cell, Developmental Biology & Genetics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Phoebe Strell
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Comparative and Molecular Sciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Walter C. Low
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Molecular, Cell, Developmental Biology & Genetics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Comparative and Molecular Sciences Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Andrew W. Grande
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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14
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Sharpe M, Beswick L, Kefalas P. Using analogue data to substantiate long-term durability of gene therapies: a narrative review. Regen Med 2022; 17:767-782. [PMID: 35815392 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of gene therapies in clinical trials and moving toward licensure is increasing. Most gene therapies are designed to achieve long-term effects, but at licensure the data to support claims of long-term durability are often limited, as long-term monitoring studies are often part of post-approval commitments by companies. Health technology assessors must therefore assess the potential for the long-term durability of a product and the potential cost-effectiveness based on the data available. The authors explored the benefit of strengthening the ability to infer durability of effect using analogue category data. Different analogue categories were assessed for the potential to substantiate claims of sustainability of effect for gene therapies by leveraging biological plausibility arguments. The authors propose a pathway for identifying potential analogues. Such a pathway should help establish plausible or theoretical long-term outcomes that can be considered in value assessments of gene therapies.
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15
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Qiu T, Pochopien M, Liang S, Saal G, Paterak E, Janik J, Toumi M. Gene Therapy Evidence Generation and Economic Analysis: Pragmatic Considerations to Facilitate Fit-for-Purpose Health Technology Assessment. Front Public Health 2022; 10:773629. [PMID: 35223725 PMCID: PMC8863657 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.773629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapies (GTs) are considered to be a paradigm-shifting class of treatments with the potential to treat previously incurable diseases or those with significant unmet treatment needs. However, considerable challenges remain in their health technology assessment (HTA), mainly stemming from the inability to perform robust clinical trials to convince decision-makers to pay the high prices for the potential long-term treatment benefits provided. This article aims to review the recommendations that have been published for evidence generation and economic analysis for GTs against the feasibility of their implementation within current HTA decision analysis frameworks. After reviewing the systematically identified literature, we found that questions remain on the appropriateness of GT evidence generation, considering that additional, broader values brought by GTs seem insufficiently incorporated within proposed analytic methods. In cases where innovative methods are proposed, HTA organizations remain highly conservative and resistant to change their reference case and decision analysis framework. Such resistances are largely attributed to the substantial evidence uncertainty, resource-consuming administration process, and the absence of consensus on the optimized methodology to balance all the advantages and potential pitfalls of GTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qiu
- Département de Santé Publique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Michal Pochopien
- Department of Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shuyao Liang
- Département de Santé Publique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Gauri Saal
- Department of Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Apothecom, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ewelina Paterak
- Department of Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Janik
- Department of Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Creativ-Ceutical, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mondher Toumi
- Département de Santé Publique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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16
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Woollacott I, Morgan G, Chowdary P, O'Hara J, Franks B, van Overbeeke E, Dunn N, Michelsen S, Huys I, Martin A, Cawson M, Brownrigg J, Winburn I, Thomson J. Examining patient and professional perspectives in the UK for gene therapy in haemophilia. Haemophilia 2022; 28:588-609. [PMID: 35438818 PMCID: PMC9546085 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction With the development of gene therapy for people with haemophilia (PWH), it is important to understand how people impacted by haemophilia (PIH) and clinicians prioritise haemophilia treatment attributes to support informed treatment decisions. Objective To examine the treatment attribute preferences of PIH and clinical experts in the United Kingdom (UK) and to develop a profile of gene therapy characteristics fit for use in future discrete choice experiments (DCEs). Methods Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with PIH (n = 14) and clinical experts (n = 6) who ranked pre‐defined treatment attributes by importance. Framework analysis was conducted to identify key themes and treatment attributes; points were allocated based on the rankings. Synthesis of results by a multidisciplinary group informed development of a profile of gene therapy characteristics for use in future research. Results Key themes identified by PIH and clinical experts included patient relevant features and the importance of ‘informed decision making'. The six top‐ranked treatment attributes were ‘effect on factor level’ (79 points), ‘uncertainty regarding long‐term risks’ (57 points), ‘impact on daily life’ (41 points), ‘frequency of monitoring’ (33 points), ‘impact on ability to participate in physical activity’ (29 points), and ‘uncertainty regarding long‐term benefits’ (28 points). The final treatment characteristics were categorised as therapeutic option, treatment effectiveness, safety concerns, impact on self‐management and quality of life (role limitations). Conclusion We identified several gene therapy characteristics important to PIH and clinicians in the UK. These characteristics will be used in a future DCE to further investigate patient preferences for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pratima Chowdary
- Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jamie O'Hara
- HCD Economics, Daresbury, UK.,Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, UK
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17
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Kidpun P, Ruanglertboon W, Chalongsuk R. State-of-the-art knowledge on the regulation of advanced therapy medicinal products. Per Med 2022; 19:251-261. [PMID: 35293224 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2021-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) constitute therapeutic agents based on obtained cells, tissues or genes representing a novel treatment opportunity in medicine. In addition, ATMPs are administered into the cells or tissues of humans from the patient's own cells, donors, or genetically modified cells. Recently, the field of developing ATMPs has become a point of attention due to the clinical efficacy expected in defeating incurable diseases such as cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, there are two modes regarding the distribution of ATMPs. First, ATMPs that might be legally authorized for marketing. Second, the patients are able to access unapproved ATMPs through the hospital exemption (HE) or clinical practice program or through the compassionate use and expanded access program. The aim of this review is to discuss state-of-the-art knowledge on the regulation of ATMPs and provide regulatory recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharaphun Kidpun
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Sanam Chandra Palace Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Warit Ruanglertboon
- Discipline of Pharmacology, Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Rapeepun Chalongsuk
- Department of Community Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Sanam Chandra Palace Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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18
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Rai SN, Singh P, Varshney R, Chaturvedi VK, Vamanu E, Singh MP, Singh BK. Promising drug targets and associated therapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1730-1739. [PMID: 33510062 PMCID: PMC8328771 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most debilitating brain diseases. Despite the availability of symptomatic treatments, response towards the health of PD patients remains scarce. To fulfil the medical needs of the PD patients, an efficacious and etiological treatment is required. In this review, we have compiled the information covering limitations of current therapeutic options in PD, novel drug targets for PD, and finally, the role of some critical beneficial natural products to control the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ritu Varshney
- Department of Bioengineering and Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M. P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Abstract
Genetic diseases cause numerous complex and intractable pathologies. DNA sequences encoding each human's complexity and many disease risks are contained in the mitochondrial genome, nuclear genome, and microbial metagenome. Diagnosis of these diseases has unified around applications of next-generation DNA sequencing. However, translating specific genetic diagnoses into targeted genetic therapies remains a central goal. To date, genetic therapies have fallen into three broad categories: bulk replacement of affected genetic compartments with a new exogenous genome, nontargeted addition of exogenous genetic material to compensate for genetic errors, and most recently, direct correction of causative genetic alterations using gene editing. Generalized methods of diagnosis, therapy, and reagent delivery into each genetic compartment will accelerate the next generations of curative genetic therapies. We discuss the structure and variability of the mitochondrial, nuclear, and microbial metagenomic compartments, as well as the historical development and current practice of genetic diagnostics and gene therapies targeting each compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore L Roth
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA; .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.,Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Alexander Marson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.,Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California 94129, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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20
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Gimpel AL, Katsikis G, Sha S, Maloney AJ, Hong MS, Nguyen TNT, Wolfrum J, Springs SL, Sinskey AJ, Manalis SR, Barone PW, Braatz RD. Analytical methods for process and product characterization of recombinant adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 20:740-754. [PMID: 33738328 PMCID: PMC7940698 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The optimization of upstream and downstream processes for production of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) with consistent quality depends on the ability to rapidly characterize critical quality attributes (CQAs). In the context of rAAV production, the virus titer, capsid content, and aggregation are identified as potential CQAs, affecting the potency, purity, and safety of rAAV-mediated gene therapy products. Analytical methods to measure these attributes commonly suffer from long turnaround times or low throughput for process development, although rapid, high-throughput methods are beginning to be developed and commercialized. These methods are not yet well established in academic or industrial practice, and supportive data are scarce. Here, we review both established and upcoming analytical methods for the quantification of rAAV quality attributes. In assessing each method, we highlight the progress toward rapid, at-line characterization of rAAV. Furthermore, we identify that a key challenge for transitioning from traditional to newer methods is the scarcity of academic and industrial experience with the latter. This literature review serves as a guide for the selection of analytical methods targeting quality attributes for rapid, high-throughput process characterization during process development of rAAV-mediated gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas L Gimpel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georgios Katsikis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sha Sha
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew John Maloney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Moo Sun Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tam N T Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jacqueline Wolfrum
- Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stacy L Springs
- Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anthony J Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Scott R Manalis
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paul W Barone
- Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Richard D Braatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Center for Biomedical Innovation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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21
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Yang A, Kantor B, Chiba-Falek O. APOE: The New Frontier in the Development of a Therapeutic Target towards Precision Medicine in Late-Onset Alzheimer's. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1244. [PMID: 33513969 PMCID: PMC7865856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a critical unmet medical need. The consensus around the amyloid cascade hypothesis has been guiding pre-clinical and clinical research to focus mainly on targeting beta-amyloid for treating AD. Nevertheless, the vast majority of the clinical trials have repeatedly failed, prompting the urgent need to refocus on other targets and shifting the paradigm of AD drug development towards precision medicine. One such emerging target is apolipoprotein E (APOE), identified nearly 30 years ago as one of the strongest and most reproduceable genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). An exploration of APOE as a new therapeutic culprit has produced some very encouraging results, proving that the protein holds promise in the context of LOAD therapies. Here, we review the strategies to target APOE based on state-of-the-art technologies such as antisense oligonucleotides, monoclonal antibodies, and gene/base editing. We discuss the potential of these initiatives in advancing the development of novel precision medicine therapies to LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yang
- Division of Translational Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Boris Kantor
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
- Viral Vector Core, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Duke Center for Advanced Genomic Technologies, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ornit Chiba-Falek
- Division of Translational Brain Sciences, Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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22
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Rodgers T, Muzzio N, Watson C, Romero G. Stabilization of Poly (β-Amino Ester) Nanoparticles for the Efficient Intracellular Delivery of PiggyBac Transposon. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:16. [PMID: 33498466 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The administration of gene-editing tools has been proposed as a promising therapeutic approach for correcting mutations that cause diseases. Gene-editing tools, composed of relatively large plasmid DNA constructs that often need to be co-delivered with a guiding protein, are unable to spontaneously penetrate mammalian cells. Although viral vectors facilitate DNA delivery, they are restricted by the size of the plasmid to carry. In this work, we describe a strategy for the stable encapsulation of the gene-editing tool piggyBac transposon into Poly (β-amino ester) nanoparticles (NPs). We propose a non-covalent and a covalent strategy for stabilization of the nanoformulation to slow down release kinetics and enhance intracellular delivery. We found that the formulation prepared by covalently crosslinking Poly (β-amino ester) NPs are capable to translocate into the cytoplasm and nuclei of human glioblastoma (U87MG) cells within 1 h of co-culturing, without the need of a targeting moiety. Once internalized, the nanoformulation dissociates, delivering the plasmid presumably as a response to the intracellular acidic pH. Transfection efficiency is confirmed by green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression in U87MG cells. Covalently stabilized Poly (β-amino ester) NPs are able to transfect ~55% of cells causing non-cytotoxic effects. The strategy described in this work may serve for the efficient non-viral delivery of other gene-editing tools.
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23
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van Overbeeke E, Michelsen S, Hauber B, Peerlinck K, Hermans C, Lambert C, Goldman M, Simoens S, Huys I. Patient perspectives regarding gene therapy in haemophilia: Interviews from the PAVING study. Haemophilia 2020; 27:129-136. [PMID: 33161616 PMCID: PMC7894464 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Exploring patient perceptions regarding gene therapies may provide insights about their acceptability to patients. Objective To investigate opinions of people with haemophilia (PWH) regarding gene therapies. Moreover, this study aimed to identify patient‐relevant attributes (treatment features) that influence PWH’s treatment choices. Methods Semi‐structured individual interviews were conducted with Belgian PWH, types A and B. A predefined interview guide included information sections and open, attribute ranking and case questions. Qualitative data were organized using NVivo 12 and analysed following framework analysis. Sum totals of scores obtained in the ranking exercise were calculated per attribute. Results In total, 20 PWH participated in the interviews. Most participants demonstrated a positive attitude towards gene therapy and were very willing (40%; n = 8) or willing (35%; n = 7) to receive this treatment. The following five attributes were identified as most important to PWH in making their choice: annual bleeding rate, factor level, uncertainty of long‐term risks, impact on daily life, and probability that prophylaxis can be stopped. While participants were concerned about the uncertainty regarding long‐term safety, most participants were less concerned about uncertainty regarding long‐term efficacy. Conclusions This qualitative study showed that most PWH have a positive attitude towards gene therapy and that besides efficacy, safety and the related uncertainties, also impact on daily life is important to patients. The identified patient‐relevant attributes may be used by regulators, health technology assessment bodies and payers in their evaluation of gene therapies for haemophilia. Moreover, they may inform clinical trial design, pay‐for‐performance schemes and real‐world evidence studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline van Overbeeke
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sissel Michelsen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Hauber
- Health Preference Assessment, RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Cedric Hermans
- Haemophilia Clinic, St-Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Michel Goldman
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Innovation in healthcare, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Simoens
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Huys
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Gan Z, Lokugamage MP, Hatit MZC, Loughrey D, Paunovska K, Sato M, Cristian A, Dahlman JE. Nanoparticles containing constrained phospholipids deliver mRNA to liver immune cells in vivo without targeting ligands. Bioeng Transl Med 2020; 5:e10161. [PMID: 33758781 PMCID: PMC7974401 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Once inside the cytoplasm of a cell, mRNA can be used to treat disease by upregulating the expression of any gene. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) can deliver mRNA to hepatocytes in humans, yet systemic non-hepatocyte delivery at clinical doses remains difficult. We noted that LNPs have historically been formulated with phospholipids containing unconstrained alkyl tails. Based on evidence that constrained adamantyl groups have unique properties that can improve small molecule drug delivery, we hypothesized that a phospholipid containing an adamantyl group would facilitate mRNA delivery in vivo. We quantified how 109 LNPs containing "constrained phospholipids" delivered mRNA to 16 cell types in mice, then using a DNA barcoding-based analytical pipeline, related phospholipid structure to in vivo delivery. By analyzing delivery mediated by constrained phospholipids, we identified a novel LNP that delivers mRNA to immune cells at 0.5 mg/kg. Unlike many previous LNPs, these (a) did not preferentially target hepatocytes and (b) delivered mRNA to immune cells without targeting ligands. These data suggest constrained phospholipids may be useful LNP components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubao Gan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Melissa P. Lokugamage
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Marine Z. C. Hatit
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - David Loughrey
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Kalina Paunovska
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Manaka Sato
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Ana Cristian
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - James E. Dahlman
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
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Faruqui N, Kummrow A, Fu B, Divieto C, Rojas F, Kisulu F, Cavalcante JJV, Wang J, Campbell J, Martins JL, Choi JH, Sassi MP, Zucco M, Vonsky M, Vessillier S, Zou S, Fujii SI, Ryadnov MG. Cellular Metrology: Scoping for a Value Proposition in Extra- and Intracellular Measurements. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:456. [PMID: 31993416 PMCID: PMC6970939 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The symptomatic irreproducibility of data in biomedicine and biotechnology prompts the need for higher order measurements of cells in their native and near-native environments. Such measurements may support the adoption of new technologies as well as the development of research programs across different sectors including healthcare and clinic, environmental control and national security. With an increasing demand for reliable cell-based products and services, cellular metrology is poised to help address current and emerging measurement challenges faced by end-users. However, metrological foundations in cell analysis remain sparse and significant advances are necessary to keep pace with the needs of modern medicine and industry. Herein we discuss a role of metrology in cell and cell-related R&D activities to underpin growing international measurement capabilities. Relevant measurands are outlined and the lack of reference methods and materials, particularly those based on functional cell responses in native environments, is highlighted. The status quo and current challenges in cellular measurements are discussed in the light of metrological traceability in cell analysis and applications (e.g., a functional cell count). An emphasis is made on the consistency of measurement results independent of the analytical platform used, high confidence in data quality vs. quantity, scale of measurements and issues of building infrastructure for end-users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Boqiang Fu
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Carla Divieto
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabiola Rojas
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Janaina J V Cavalcante
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jing Wang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Juliana L Martins
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jun-Hyuk Choi
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Massimo Zucco
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Turin, Italy
| | - Maxim Vonsky
- D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sandrine Vessillier
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, United Kingdom
| | - Shan Zou
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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26
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Christensen CL, Ashmead RE, Choy FYM. Cell and Gene Therapies for Mucopolysaccharidoses: Base Editing and Therapeutic Delivery to the CNS. Diseases 2019; 7:E47. [PMID: 31248000 PMCID: PMC6787741 DOI: 10.3390/diseases7030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although individually uncommon, rare diseases collectively account for a considerable proportion of disease impact worldwide. A group of rare genetic diseases called the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are characterized by accumulation of partially degraded glycosaminoglycans cellularly. MPS results in varied systemic symptoms and in some forms of the disease, neurodegeneration. Lack of treatment options for MPS with neurological involvement necessitates new avenues of therapeutic investigation. Cell and gene therapies provide putative alternatives and when coupled with genome editing technologies may provide long term or curative treatment. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based genome editing technology and, more recently, advances in genome editing research, have allowed for the addition of base editors to the repertoire of CRISPR-based editing tools. The latest versions of base editors are highly efficient on-targeting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) editors. Here, we describe a number of putative guide ribonucleic acid (RNA) designs for precision correction of known causative mutations for 10 of the MPSs. In this review, we discuss advances in base editing technologies and current techniques for delivery of cell and gene therapies to the site of global degeneration in patients with severe neurological forms of MPS, the central nervous system, including ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe L Christensen
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Rhea E Ashmead
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Francis Y M Choy
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
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Abstract
In August 2017, for the first time, a gene therapy was approved for market release in the United States. That approval was followed by two others before the end of the year. This article cites primary literature, review articles concerning particular biotechnologies, and press releases by the FDA and others in order to provide an overview of the current status of the field of gene therapy with respect to its translation into practice. Technical hurdles that have been overcome in the past decades are summarized, as are hurdles that need to be the subject of continued research. Then, some social and practical challenges are identified that must be overcome if the field of gene therapy, having survived past failures, is to achieve not only technical and clinical but also market success. One of these, the need for an expanded capacity for the manufacturing of viral vectors to be able to meet the needs of additional gene therapies that will be coming soon, is a challenge that the talents of current and future bioengineers may help address.
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28
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Gutiérrez-Lovera C, Vázquez-Ríos AJ, Guerra-Varela J, Sánchez L, de la Fuente M. The Potential of Zebrafish as a Model Organism for Improving the Translation of Genetic Anticancer Nanomedicines. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E349. [PMID: 29182542 PMCID: PMC5748667 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the field of nanomedicine applied to cancer has revolutionized cancer treatment: several nanoformulations have already reached the market and are routinely being used in the clinical practice. In the case of genetic nanomedicines, i.e., designed to deliver gene therapies to cancer cells for therapeutic purposes, advances have been less impressive. This is because of the many barriers that limit the access of the therapeutic nucleic acids to their target site, and the lack of models that would allow for an improvement in the understanding of how nanocarriers can be tailored to overcome them. Zebrafish has important advantages as a model species for the study of anticancer therapies, and have a lot to offer regarding the rational development of efficient delivery of genetic nanomedicines, and hence increasing the chances of their successful translation. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in the development of genetic anticancer nanomedicines, and of the zebrafish models that stand as promising tools to shed light on their mechanisms of action and overall potential in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gutiérrez-Lovera
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - A J Vázquez-Ríos
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
| | - J Guerra-Varela
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
- Geneaqua S.L., Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - L Sánchez
- Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology Department Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - M de la Fuente
- Nano-Oncology Unit, Translational Medical Oncology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), CIBERONC, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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29
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Touchot N, Flume M. Early Insights from Commercialization of Gene Therapies in Europe. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E78. [PMID: 28218692 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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30
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Sandre O, Genevois C, Garaio E, Adumeau L, Mornet S, Couillaud F. In Vivo Imaging of Local Gene Expression Induced by Magnetic Hyperthermia. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:E61. [PMID: 28208731 PMCID: PMC5333050 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work aims to demonstrate that colloidal dispersions of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized with dextran macromolecules placed in an alternating magnetic field can not only produce heat, but also that these particles could be used in vivo for local and noninvasive deposition of a thermal dose sufficient to trigger thermo-induced gene expression. Iron oxide nanoparticles were first characterized in vitro on a bio-inspired setup, and then they were assayed in vivo using a transgenic mouse strain expressing the luciferase reporter gene under transcriptional control of a thermosensitive promoter. Iron oxide nanoparticles dispersions were applied topically on the mouse skin or injected subcutaneously with Matrigel™ to generate so-called pseudotumors. Temperature was monitored continuously with a feedback loop to control the power of the magnetic field generator and to avoid overheating. Thermo-induced luciferase expression was followed by bioluminescence imaging 6 h after heating. We showed that dextran-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle dispersions were able to induce in vivo mild hyperthermia compatible with thermo-induced gene expression in surrounding tissues and without impairing cell viability. These data open new therapeutic perspectives for using mild magnetic hyperthermia as noninvasive modulation of tumor microenvironment by local thermo-induced gene expression or drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Sandre
- Laboratory of Organic Polymer Chemistry, LCPO, UMR 5629 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux-INP, Pessac 33600, France.
| | - Coralie Genevois
- Molecular Imaging and Innovative Therapies in Oncology, IMOTION, EA 7435, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, case 127, Bordeaux cedex 33076, France.
| | - Eneko Garaio
- Department of Electricity and Electronics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.K. 644, Leioa 48940, Spain.
| | - Laurent Adumeau
- Institute for Condensed Matter Chemistry of Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac F-33600 France.
| | - Stéphane Mornet
- Institute for Condensed Matter Chemistry of Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Pessac F-33600 France.
| | - Franck Couillaud
- Molecular Imaging and Innovative Therapies in Oncology, IMOTION, EA 7435, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, case 127, Bordeaux cedex 33076, France.
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31
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Barral S, Kurian MA. Utility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for the Study and Treatment of Genetic Diseases: Focus on Childhood Neurological Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:78. [PMID: 27656126 PMCID: PMC5012159 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of neurological disorders often presents with significant challenges due to the inaccessibility of human neuronal cells for further investigation. Advances in cellular reprogramming techniques, have however provided a new source of human cells for laboratory-based research. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can now be robustly differentiated into specific neural subtypes, including dopaminergic, inhibitory GABAergic, motorneurons and cortical neurons. These neurons can then be utilized for in vitro studies to elucidate molecular causes underpinning neurological disease. Although human iPSC-derived neuronal models are increasingly regarded as a useful tool in cell biology, there are a number of limitations, including the relatively early, fetal stage of differentiated cells and the mainly two dimensional, simple nature of the in vitro system. Furthermore, clonal variation is a well-described phenomenon in iPSC lines. In order to account for this, robust baseline data from multiple control lines is necessary to determine whether a particular gene defect leads to a specific cellular phenotype. Over the last few years patient-derived neural cells have proven very useful in addressing several mechanistic questions related to central nervous system diseases, including early-onset neurological disorders of childhood. Many studies report the clinical utility of human-derived neural cells for testing known drugs with repurposing potential, novel compounds and gene therapies, which then can be translated to clinical reality. iPSCs derived neural cells, therefore provide great promise and potential to gain insight into, and treat early-onset neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barral
- Neurogenetics Group, Molecular Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health,University College London London, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Neurogenetics Group, Molecular Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Child Health,University College LondonLondon, UK; Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street HospitalLondon, UK
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32
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Nightingale H, Pfeffer G, Bargiela D, Horvath R, Chinnery PF. Emerging therapies for mitochondrial disorders. Brain 2016; 139:1633-48. [PMID: 27190030 PMCID: PMC4892756 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are a diverse group of debilitating conditions resulting from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA mutations that affect multiple organs, often including the central and peripheral nervous system. Despite major advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms, effective treatments have not been forthcoming. For over five decades patients have been treated with different vitamins, co-factors and nutritional supplements, but with no proven benefit. There is therefore a clear need for a new approach. Several new strategies have been proposed acting at the molecular or cellular level. Whilst many show promise in vitro, the clinical potential of some is questionable. Here we critically appraise the most promising preclinical developments, placing the greatest emphasis on diseases caused by mitochondrial DNA mutations. With new animal and cellular models, longitudinal deep phenotyping in large patient cohorts, and growing interest from the pharmaceutical industry, the field is poised to make a breakthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Nightingale
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute, at the University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - David Bargiela
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rita Horvath
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Harris DT, Kranz DM. Adoptive T Cell Therapies: A Comparison of T Cell Receptors and Chimeric Antigen Receptors. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 37:220-230. [PMID: 26705086 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The tumor-killing properties of T cells provide tremendous opportunities to treat cancer. Adoptive T cell therapies have begun to harness this potential by endowing a functionally diverse repertoire of T cells with genetically modified, tumor-specific recognition receptors. Normally, this antigen recognition function is mediated by an αβ T cell receptor (TCR), but the dominant therapeutic forms currently in development are synthetic constructs called chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). While CAR-based adoptive cell therapies are already showing great promise, their basic mechanistic properties have been studied in less detail compared with those of αβ TCRs. In this review, we compare and contrast various features of TCRs versus CARs, with a goal of highlighting issues that need to be addressed to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S. Matthews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David M Kranz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, 600 S. Matthews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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Zhang D, Zheng L, Shi H, Chen X, Wan Y, Zhang H, Li M, Lu L, Luo S, Yin T, Lin H, He S, Luo Y, Yang L. Suppression of peritoneal tumorigenesis by placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells expressing endostatin on colorectal cancer. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:870-9. [PMID: 25013366 PMCID: PMC4081308 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MSCs-based therapy for cancer is a relatively new but rapidly growing area of research. Human term placenta, an attractive source of MSCs (PMSCs), appears to have great advantage due to its easy access without invasive procedures, its lack of ethical issues and its high-throughput and young age. In the present study, we isolated MSCs from placenta and characterized their morphology and differentiation capacities. We next investigated the underlying antitumor effects and the potential mechanism of PMSCs to express endostatin using adenoviral transduction (Ad-Endo) in a colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis (CRPC) mouse model. For in vitro experiments, the migratory potential of Ad-Endo-PMSCs towards tumor cells was demonstrated using a double-chamber assay, and the anti-angiogenesis ability of endostatin from engineered PMSCs was evaluated using the tube formation assay. For the in vivo study, mice harboring CT26 colorectal cancer indicated a significant reduction in tumor nodules and a prolongation of survival following Ad-Endo-PMSCs therapy. These observations were associated with significantly decreased tumor cell proliferation and blood vessel counts as well as increased tumor cell apoptosis. These data suggested the potential of PMSCs-based gene therapy for the targeted delivery of therapeutic proteins in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lan Zheng
- 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huashan Shi
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiancheng Chen
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wan
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Lian Lu
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shuntao Luo
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yin
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Lin
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shasha He
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yan Luo
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- 1. State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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