1
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Traldi F, Resmini M. Impact of Protein Corona Formation on the Thermoresponsive Behavior of Acrylamide-Based Nanogels. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:1340-1350. [PMID: 38242644 PMCID: PMC10865348 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The ability to fine-tune the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of thermoresponsive nanoparticles is essential to their successful application in drug delivery. The rational design of these materials is limited by our understanding of the impact that nanoparticle-protein interactions have on their thermoresponsive behavior. In this work, we demonstrate how the formation of protein corona impacts the transition temperature values of acrylamide-based nanogels and their reversibility characteristics, in the presence of lysozyme, given its relevance for the ocular and intranasal administration route. Nanogels were synthesized with N-isopropylacrylamide or N-n-propylacrylamide as backbone monomers, methylenebis(acrylamide) (2.5-20 molar %) as a cross-linker, and functionalized with negatively charged monomers 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, N-acryloyl-l-proline, or acrylic acid; characterization showed comparable particle diameter (c.a.10 nm), but formulation-dependent thermoresponsive properties, in the range 28-54 °C. Lysozyme was shown to form a complex with the negatively charged nanogels, lowering their VPTT values; the hydrophilic nature of the charged comonomer controlled the drop in VPTT upon complex formation, while matrix rigidity only had a small, yet significant effect. The cross-linker content was found to play a major role in determining the reversibility of the temperature-dependent transition of the complexes, with only 20 molar % cross-linked-nanogels displaying a fully reversible transition. These results demonstrate the importance of evaluating protein corona formation in the development of drug delivery systems based on thermoresponsive nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Traldi
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Marina Resmini
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
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2
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Soleimani K, Beyranvand S, Souri Z, Ahmadian Z, Yari A, Faghani A, Shams A, Adeli M. Ferrocene/ β-cyclodextrin based supramolecular nanogels as theranostic systems. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115402. [PMID: 37660653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A supramolecular redox responsive nanogel (NG) with the ability to sense cancer cells and loaded with a releasing therapeutic agent was synthesized using hostguest interactions between polyethylene glycol-grafted-β-cyclodextrin and ferrocene boronic acid. Cyclic voltammetry matched with other spectroscopy and microscopy methods provided strong indications regarding host-guest interactions and formation of the NG. Moreover, the biological properties of the NG were evaluated using fluorescence silencing, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and cell toxicity assays. Nanogel with spherical core-shell architecture and 100-200 nm sized nanoparticles showed high encapsulation efficiency for doxorubicin (DOX) and luminol (LU) as therapeutic and sensing agents. High therapeutic and sensing efficiencies were manifested by complete release of DOX and dramatic quenching of LU fluorescence triggered by 0.05 mM H2O2 (as an ROS component). The NGs showed high ROS sensitivity. Taking advantage of a high loading capacity, redox sensitivity, and biocompatibility, the NGs can be used as strong theranostic systems in inflammation-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Soleimani
- Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran
| | - Siamak Beyranvand
- Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran
| | - Zeinab Souri
- Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran
| | - Zainab Ahmadian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Abdollah Yari
- Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran
| | - Abbas Faghani
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Azim Shams
- Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 6815144316, Iran.
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3
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Liang W, Lopez CG, Richtering W, Wöll D. Photo- and thermo-responsive microgels with supramolecular crosslinks for wavelength tunability of the volume phase transition temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14408-14415. [PMID: 35642955 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00532h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functional microgels have powerful applications, especially due to their quick responsiveness to different external stimuli such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, solvent composition and light. Here, we describe the synthesis of novel dual-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgels and demonstrate that, in addition to temperature, light changes their properties. The crosslinks inside the microgels were achieved by the host-guest interactions between the trans azobenzene (transAzo) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) units. transAzo can be photoisomerized to cisAzo which exhibits significant lower binding affinity to βCD. As a consequence, the crosslink density, and thus several microgel properties, can be controlled by light irradiation. Surprisingly, this irradiation with light can significantly change the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) by several degrees centigrade, presumably due to the fact that the polar βCD shields the transAzo bound to it, whereas the unbound cisAzo is rather apolar. As a result, continuous irradiation with specific wavelengths until reaching the respective photostationary state allows for a full control over the VPTT within the physiologically relevant range between 32 °C and 38 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Carlos G Lopez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Dominik Wöll
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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4
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Boreggio M, Rosini E, Gambarotti C, Pollegioni L, Fasoli E. Unveiling the Bio-corona Fingerprinting of Potential Anticancer Carbon Nanotubes Coupled with D-Amino Acid Oxidase. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:1164-1176. [PMID: 35467257 PMCID: PMC9411096 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00488-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation therapy, based on the controlled production of Reactive Oxygen Species directly into the tumor site, was introduced as alternative antitumor approach. For this purpose, d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) from the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis, an enzyme able to efficiently catalyze the production of hydrogen peroxide from d-amino acids, was adsorbed onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), previously functionalized with polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) at different degrees to reduce their toxicity, to be targeted directly into the tumor. In vitro activity and cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that DAAO-functionalized nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) produced H2O2 and induced toxic effects to selected tumor cell lines. After incubation in human plasma, the protein corona was investigated by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry analysis. The enzyme nanocarriers generally seemed to favor their biocompatibility, promoting the interaction with dysopsonins. Despite this, PLGA or high degree of PEGylation promoted the adsorption of immunoglobulins with a possible activation of immune response and this effect was probably due to PLGA hydrophobicity and dimensions and to the production of specific antibodies against PEG. In conclusion, the PEGylated MWCNTs at low degree seemed the most biocompatible nanocarrier for adsorbed DAAO, preserving its anticancer activity and forming a bio-corona able to reduce both defensive responses and blood clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Boreggio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Rosini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varèse, Italy
| | - Cristian Gambarotti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredano Pollegioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varèse, Italy
| | - Elisa Fasoli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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5
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Prawatborisut M, Janprasit J, Seidi F, Wongnate T, Flood A, Yiamsawas D, Crespy D. Preparation of nanoparticles of shellac and shellac-oligomer conjugates. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.2022983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mongkhol Prawatborisut
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Jindaporn Janprasit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Wongnate
- Department of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Adrian Flood
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Doungporn Yiamsawas
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
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6
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Panova IG, Sudareva EA, Novoskoltseva OA, Spiridonov VV, Shtilman MI, Richtering W, Yaroslavov AA. Temperature-induced unloading of liposomes bound to microgels. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Ribovski L, Hamelmann NM, Paulusse JMJ. Polymeric Nanoparticles Properties and Brain Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2045. [PMID: 34959326 PMCID: PMC8705716 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Safe and reliable entry to the brain is essential for successful diagnosis and treatment of diseases, but it still poses major challenges. As a result, many therapeutic approaches to treating disorders associated with the central nervous system (CNS) still only show limited success. Nano-sized systems are being explored as drug carriers and show great improvements in the delivery of many therapeutics. The systemic delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) or nanocarriers (NCs) to the brain involves reaching the neurovascular unit (NVU), being transported across the blood-brain barrier, (BBB) and accumulating in the brain. Each of these steps can benefit from specifically controlled properties of NPs. Here, we discuss how brain delivery by NPs can benefit from careful design of the NP properties. Properties such as size, charge, shape, and ligand functionalization are commonly addressed in the literature; however, properties such as ligand density, linker length, avidity, protein corona, and stiffness are insufficiently discussed. This is unfortunate since they present great value against multiple barriers encountered by the NPs before reaching the brain, particularly the BBB. We further highlight important examples utilizing targeting ligands and how functionalization parameters, e.g., ligand density and ligand properties, can affect the success of the nano-based delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and TechMed Institute for Health and Biomedical Technologies, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands; (L.R.); (N.M.H.)
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8
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Peigneux A, Glitscher EA, Charbaji R, Weise C, Wedepohl S, Calderón M, Jimenez-Lopez C, Hedtrich S. Protein corona formation and its influence on biomimetic magnetite nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:4870-4882. [PMID: 32108191 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02480h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic magnetite nanoparticles (BMNPs) synthesized in the presence of MamC, a magnetosome-associated protein from Magnetoccus marinus MC-1, have gained interest for biomedical applications because of their unique magnetic properties. However, their behavior in biological systems, like their interaction with proteins, still has to be evaluated prior to their use in clinics. In this study, doxorubicin (DOXO) as a model drug was adsorbed onto BMNPs to form nanoassemblies. These were incubated with human plasma to trigger protein corona (PC) formation. Proteins from the human plasma stably attached to either BMNPs or DOXO-BMNP nanoassemblies. In particular, fibrinogen was detected as the main component in the PC of DOXO-BMNPs that potentially provides advantages, e.g. protecting the particles from phagocytosis, thus prolonging their circulation time. Adsorption of PC to the BMNPs did not alter their magnetic properties but improved their colloidal stability, thus reducing their toxicity in human macrophages. In addition, PC formation enhanced cellular internalization and did not interfere with DOXO activity. Overall, our data indicate that the adsorption of PC onto DOXO-BMNPs in biological environment even increases their efficiency as drug carrier systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Peigneux
- Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18002 Granada, Spain.
| | - Emanuel A Glitscher
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rawan Charbaji
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy, Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Weise
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Wedepohl
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chemistry, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany and POLYMAT and Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Concepción Jimenez-Lopez
- Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18002 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy, Königin-Luise-Str. 2-4, 14195 Berlin, Germany and University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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9
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Ribovski L, de Jong E, Mergel O, Zu G, Keskin D, van Rijn P, Zuhorn IS. Low nanogel stiffness favors nanogel transcytosis across an in vitro blood-brain barrier. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 34:102377. [PMID: 33621652 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a fundamental requirement for effective treatment of numerous brain diseases. However, most therapeutics (>500 Da) are unable to permeate through the BBB and do not achieve therapeutic doses. Nanoparticles (NPs) are being investigated to facilitate drug delivery to the brain. Here, we investigate the effect of nanoparticle stiffness on NP transport across an in vitro BBB model. To this end, fluorescently labeled poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (p(NIPMAM)) nanogels' stiffness was varied by the inclusion of 1.5 mol% (NG1.5), 5 mol% (NG5), and 14 mol% (NG14) N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide) (BIS) cross-linker and nanogel uptake and transcytosis was quantified. The more densely cross-linked p(NIPMAM) nanogels showed the highest level of uptake by polarized brain endothelial cells, whereas the less densely cross-linked nanogels demonstrated the highest transcytotic potential. These findings suggest that nanogel stiffness has opposing effects on nanogel uptake and transcytosis at the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Ribovski
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands; University of São Paulo, Physics Institute of São Carlos, Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edwin de Jong
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Mergel
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guangyue Zu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Damla Keskin
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Eisold S, Hoppe Alvarez L, Ran K, Hengsbach R, Fink G, Centeno Benigno S, Mayer J, Wöll D, Simon U. DNA introduces an independent temperature responsiveness to thermosensitive microgels and enables switchable plasmon coupling as well as controlled uptake and release. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2875-2882. [PMID: 33306082 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05650b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel DNA-microgel hybrid system with dual thermal responsiveness is introduced uitilizing covalent coupling of single stranded DNA (ssDNA) to thermoresponsive microgels (μGs). The spatial distribution of the coupling sites for the ssDNA was characterized with 3D superresolution fluorescence microscopy. The DNA-functionalized μGs remain thermoresponsive and can take up dye-labeled complementary ssDNA, which can be released again by overcoming the dehybridization temperature of the DNA independently of the volume phase transition (VPT) of the μGs. The same holds for nano-objects represented by plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), the penetration depth of which was visualized via TEM tomography and 3D reconstruction and which show enhanced plasmonic coupling in the collapsed state of the μG and thus gets switchable. In contrast, if ssDNA was taken up just by non-specific interactions, i.e. into non-functionalized μGs, its release is temperature-independent and can only be induced by increasing the salt concentration. Thus, the incorporated ssDNA represents highly selectice binding sites determined by their base number and sequence, which makes the VPT, beeing determined by the μG composition, and the reversible uptake and release enabled through programmable DNA hybridization are independent features. The combination with the typically high biocompatibility and the retained swellability and permeability hold promise for new fundamental insights as well as for potential applications in biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Eisold
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Kopac T. Protein corona, understanding the nanoparticle-protein interactions and future perspectives: A critical review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:290-301. [PMID: 33340622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are biopolymers of highly varied structures taking part in almost all processes occurring in living cells. When nanoparticles (NPs) interact with proteins in biological environments, they are surrounded by a layer of biomolecules, mainly proteins adsorbing to the surfaces. This protein rich layer formed around NPs is called the "protein corona". Consequential interactions between NPs and proteins are governed due to the characteristics of the corona. The features of NPs such as the size, surface chemistry, charge are the critical factors influencing the behavior of protein corona. Molecular properties and protein corona composition affect the cellular uptake of NPs. Understanding and analyzing protein corona formation in relation to protein-NP properties, and elucidating its biological implications play an important role in bio-related nano-research studies. Protein-NP interactions have been studied extensively for the purpose of investigating the potential use of NPs as carriers in drug delivery systems. Further study should focus on exploring the effects of various characteristic parameters, such as the particle size, modifier type, temperature, pH on protein-NP interactions, providing toxicity information of novel NPs. In this contribution, important aspects related to protein corona forming, influential factors, novel findings and future perspectives on protein-NP interactions are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turkan Kopac
- Department of Chemistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan(1).
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12
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The influence of shape and charge on protein corona composition in common gold nanostructures. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Influence of Buffers, Ionic Strength, and pH on the Volume Phase Transition Behavior of Acrylamide-Based Nanogels. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112590. [PMID: 33158221 PMCID: PMC7694245 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of covalently crosslinked nanogels for applications in biology and medicine is dependent on their properties and characteristics, which often change because of the biological media involved. Understanding the role of salts, ionic strength and pH in altering specific properties is key to progress in this area. We studied the effect of both chemical structure and media environment on the thermoresponsive behavior of nanogels. A small library of methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) crosslinked nanogels were prepared using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) or N-n-propylacrylamide (NPAM), in combination with functional monomers N-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAM) and N-acryloyl-l-proline (APrOH). The thermoresponsive properties of nanogels were evaluated in phosphate buffer, tris-acetate buffer and Ringer HEPES, with varying concentrations and ionic strengths. The presence of ions facilitates the phase separation of nanogels, and this “salting-out” effect strongly depends on the electrolyte concentration as well as the specificity of individual anions, e.g., their positions in the Hofmeister series. A subtle change in the chemical structure of the side chain of the monomer from NIPAM to NPAM leads to a reduction of the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) value by ~10 °C. The addition of hydrophilic comonomers such as HEAM, on the other hand, causes a ~20 °C shift in VPTT to higher values. The data highlight the significant role played by the chemical structure of the monomers used, with hydrophobicity and rigidity closely interlinked in determining thermoresponsive behavior. Furthermore, the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of nanogels copolymerized with ionizable APrOH comonomer can be tailored by changes in the pH of buffer solutions. This temperature-controlled phase transition is driven by intricate interplay involving the entropy of mixing, electrostatic interactions, conformational transitions, and structural rigidity. These results highlight the importance of understanding the physiochemical properties and behavior of covalently crosslinked nanogels in a biological environment prior to their applications in life-science, such as temperature/pH-triggered drug delivery systems.
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Richtering W, Alberg I, Zentel R. Nanoparticles in the Biological Context: Surface Morphology and Protein Corona Formation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002162. [PMID: 32856393 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A recent paper demonstrated that the formation of a protein corona is not a general property of all types of nanosized objects. In fact, it varies between a massive aggregation of plasma proteins onto the nanoparticle down to traces (e.g., a few proteins per 10 nanoparticles), which can only be determined by mass spectrometry in comparison to appropriate negative controls and background subtraction. Here, differences between various types of nanosized objects are discussed in order to determine general structure-property-relations from a physico-chemical viewpoint. It is highlighted that "not all nanoparticles are alike" and shown that their internal morphology, especially the difference between a strongly hydrated/swollen shell versus a sharp "hard" surface and its accessibility, is most relevant for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Irina Alberg
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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16
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Switacz VK, Wypysek SK, Degen R, Crassous JJ, Spehr M, Richtering W. Influence of Size and Cross-Linking Density of Microgels on Cellular Uptake and Uptake Kinetics. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4532-4544. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K. Switacz
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute of Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah K. Wypysek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Degen
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute of Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jérôme J. Crassous
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute of Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
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Ji Y, Winter L, Navarro L, Ku MC, Periquito JS, Pham M, Hoffmann W, Theune LE, Calderón M, Niendorf T. Controlled Release of Therapeutics from Thermoresponsive Nanogels: A Thermal Magnetic Resonance Feasibility Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061380. [PMID: 32471299 PMCID: PMC7352924 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal magnetic resonance (ThermalMR) accommodates radio frequency (RF)-induced temperature modulation, thermometry, anatomic and functional imaging, and (nano)molecular probing in an integrated RF applicator. This study examines the feasibility of ThermalMR for the controlled release of a model therapeutics from thermoresponsive nanogels using a 7.0-tesla whole-body MR scanner en route to local drug-delivery-based anticancer treatments. The capacity of ThermalMR is demonstrated in a model system involving the release of fluorescein-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-FITC, a model therapeutic) from nanometer-scale polymeric networks. These networks contain thermoresponsive polymers that bestow environmental responsiveness to physiologically relevant changes in temperature. The release profile obtained for the reference data derived from a water bath setup used for temperature stimulation is in accordance with the release kinetics deduced from the ThermalMR setup. In conclusion, ThermalMR adds a thermal intervention dimension to an MRI device and provides an ideal testbed for the study of the temperature-induced release of drugs, magnetic resonance (MR) probes, and other agents from thermoresponsive carriers. Integrating diagnostic imaging, temperature intervention, and temperature response control, ThermalMR is conceptually appealing for the study of the role of temperature in biology and disease and for the pursuit of personalized therapeutic drug delivery approaches for better patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Ji
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.J.); (M.-C.K.); (J.S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Lukas Winter
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 10587 Berlin, Germany; (L.W.); (W.H.)
| | - Lucila Navarro
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (L.N.); (L.E.T.); (M.C.)
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)—Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Min-Chi Ku
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.J.); (M.-C.K.); (J.S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - João S. Periquito
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.J.); (M.-C.K.); (J.S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Michal Pham
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.J.); (M.-C.K.); (J.S.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Werner Hoffmann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 10587 Berlin, Germany; (L.W.); (W.H.)
| | - Loryn E. Theune
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (L.N.); (L.E.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcelo Calderón
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (L.N.); (L.E.T.); (M.C.)
- POLYMAT and Applied Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.J.); (M.-C.K.); (J.S.P.); (M.P.)
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-9406-4505
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Theune LE, Buchmann J, Wedepohl S, Molina M, Laufer J, Calderón M. NIR- and thermo-responsive semi-interpenetrated polypyrrole nanogels for imaging guided combinational photothermal and chemotherapy. J Control Release 2019; 311-312:147-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Critical parameters for the controlled synthesis of nanogels suitable for temperature-triggered protein delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:141-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Functional Glyco-Nanogels for Multivalent Interaction with Lectins. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101865. [PMID: 31096570 PMCID: PMC6572176 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between glycans and proteins have tremendous impact in biomolecular interactions. They are important for cell–cell interactions, proliferation and much more. Here, we emphasize the glycan-mediated interactions between pathogens and host cells. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, responsible for a huge number of nosocomial infections, is especially the focus when it comes to glycan-derivatives as pathoblockers. We present a microwave assisted protecting group free synthesis of glycomonomers based on lactose, melibiose and fucose. The monomers were polymerized in a precipitation polymerization in the presence of NiPAm to form crosslinked glyco-nanogels. The influence of reaction parameters like crosslinker type or stabilizer amount was investigated. The gels were characterized in lectin binding studies using model lectins and showed size and composition-dependent inhibition of lectin binding. Due to multivalent presentation of glycans in the gel, the inhibition was clearly stronger than with unmodified saccharides, which was compared after determination of the glycan loading. First studies with Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed a surprising influence on the secretion of virulence factors. Functional glycogels may be in the future potent alternatives or adjuvants for antibiotic treatment of infections based on glycan interactions between host and pathogen.
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