1
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Lu R, Zhou Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Miao X. Strategies and Mechanism in Reversing Intestinal Drug Efflux in Oral Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061131. [PMID: 35745704 PMCID: PMC9228857 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Efflux transporters distributed at the apical side of human intestinal epithelial cells actively transport drugs from the enterocytes to the intestinal lumen, which could lead to extremely poor absorption of drugs by oral administration. Typical intestinal efflux transporters involved in oral drug absorption process mainly include P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Drug efflux is one of the most important factors resulting in poor absorption of oral drugs. Caco-2 monolayer and everted gut sac are sued to accurately measure drug efflux in vitro. To reverse intestinal drug efflux and improve absorption of oral drugs, a great deal of functional amphiphilic excipients and inhibitors with the function of suppressing efflux transporters activity are generalized in this review. In addition, different strategies of reducing intestinal drugs efflux such as silencing transporters and the application of excipients and inhibitors are introduced. Ultimately, various nano-formulations of improving oral drug absorption by inhibiting intestinal drug efflux are discussed. In conclusion, this review has significant reference for overcoming intestinal drug efflux and improving oral drug absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jinqian Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (R.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.M.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
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2
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Jadhav S, Yenorkar N, Bondre R, Karemore M, Bali N. Nanomedicines encountering HIV dementia: A guiding star for neurotherapeutics. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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A Comparative Study of Enzyme-Mediated Crosslinking of Catechol- and Phenol-Functionalized Tetronic Hydrogels. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Cyclodextrin Multicomponent Complexes: Pharmaceutical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071099. [PMID: 34371790 PMCID: PMC8309128 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are naturally available water-soluble cyclic oligosaccharides widely used as carriers in the pharmaceutical industry for their ability to modulate several properties of drugs through the formation of drug-CD complexes. The addition of an auxiliary substance when forming multicomponent complexes is an adequate strategy to enhance complexation efficiency and to facilitate the therapeutic applicability of different drugs. This review discusses multicomponent complexation using amino acids; organic acids and bases; and water-soluble polymers as auxiliary excipients. Special attention is given to improved properties by including information on the solubility, dissolution, permeation, stability and bioavailability of several relevant drugs. In addition, the use of multicomponent CD complexes to enhance therapeutic drug effects is summarized.
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5
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He H, Wang L, Ma Y, Yang Y, Lv Y, Zhang Z, Qi J, Dong X, Zhao W, Lu Y, Wu W. The biological fate of orally administered mPEG-PDLLA polymeric micelles. J Control Release 2020; 327:725-736. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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6
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Villanueva S, Zhang W, Zecchinati F, Mottino A, Vore M. ABC Transporters in Extrahepatic Tissues: Pharmacological Regulation in Heart and Intestine. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1155-1184. [PMID: 29589524 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180327092639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters are transmembrane proteins expressed in secretory epithelia like the liver, kidneys and intestine, in the epithelia exhibiting barrier function such as the blood-brain barrier and placenta, and to a much lesser extent, in tissues like reproductive organs, lungs, heart and pancreas, among others. They regulate internal distribution of endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics including drugs of therapeutic use and also participate in their elimination from the body. We here describe the function and regulation of ABC transporters in the heart and small intestine, as examples of extrahepatic tissues, in which ABC proteins play clearly different roles. In the heart, they are involved in tissue pathogenesis as well as in protecting this organ against toxic compounds and druginduced oxidative stress. The small intestine is highly exposed to therapeutic drugs taken orally and, consequently, ABC transporters localized on its surface strongly influence drug absorption and pharmacokinetics. Examples of the ABC proteins currently described are Multidrug Resistance-associated Proteins 1 and 2 (MRP1 and 2) for heart and small intestine, respectively, and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) for both organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Villanueva
- Instituto de Fisiologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmaceuticas, CONICET-UNR. 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology & Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, United States
| | - Felipe Zecchinati
- Instituto de Fisiologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmaceuticas, CONICET-UNR. 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Aldo Mottino
- Instituto de Fisiologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmaceuticas, CONICET-UNR. 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mary Vore
- Department of Toxicology & Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305, United States
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Fernandes C, Martins C, Fonseca A, Nunes R, Matos MJ, Silva R, Garrido J, Sarmento B, Remião F, Otero-Espinar FJ, Uriarte E, Borges F. PEGylated PLGA Nanoparticles As a Smart Carrier to Increase the Cellular Uptake of a Coumarin-Based Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39557-39569. [PMID: 30352150 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite research efforts to discover new drugs for Parkinson treatment, the majority of candidates fail in preclinical and clinical trials due to inadequate pharmacokinetic properties, namely blood-brain barrier permeability. Within the high demand to introduce new drugs to market, nanotechnology can be used as a solution. Accordingly, PEGylated PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) were used as a smart delivery carrier to solve the suboptimal aqueous solubility, which precludes its use in in vivo assays, of a potent, reversible, and selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitor (IMAO-B) (coumarin C75, IC50 = 28.89 ± 1.18 nM). Long-term stable PLGA@C75 NPs were obtained by nanoprecipitation method, with sizes around 105 nm and a zeta potential of -10.1 mV. The encapsulation efficacy was around 50%, achieving the final C75 concentration of 807 ± 30 μM in the nanoformulation, which corresponds to a therapeutic concentration 27828-fold higher than its IC50 value. Coumarin C75 showed cytotoxic effects at 50 μM after 48 and 72 h of exposure in SH-SY5Y, Caco-2, and hCMEC/D3 cell lines. Remarkably, no cytotoxic effects were observed after nanoencapsulation. Furthermore, the data obtained from the P-gp-Glo assay and the cellular uptake studies showed that C75 is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate having a lower uptake profile in intestinal and brain endothelial cells. Moreover, it was shown that this membrane transporter influences C75 permeability profile in Caco-2 and hCMEC/D3 cells. Interestingly, PLGA NPs inhibited P-gp and were able to cross intestinal and brain membranes allowing the successful transport of C75 through this type of biological barriers. Overall, this work showed that nanotechnology can be used to solve drug discovery related drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernandes
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto , 4200-393 Porto , Portugal
- INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Nanomedicines & Translational Drug Delivery Group , Universidade do Porto , 4200-393 Porto , Portugal
| | - André Fonseca
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - Rute Nunes
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto , 4200-393 Porto , Portugal
- INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Nanomedicines & Translational Drug Delivery Group , Universidade do Porto , 4200-393 Porto , Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar , Universidade do Porto , 4050-313 Porto , Portugal
| | - Maria João Matos
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade do Porto , 4050-313 Porto , Portugal
| | - Jorge Garrido
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP) , Instituto Politécnico do Porto , 4200-072 Porto , Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde , Universidade do Porto , 4200-393 Porto , Portugal
- INEB, Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Nanomedicines & Translational Drug Delivery Group , Universidade do Porto , 4200-393 Porto , Portugal
- CESPU , Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde , 4585-116 Gandra , Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia , Universidade do Porto , 4050-313 Porto , Portugal
| | - Francisco J Otero-Espinar
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmaceutica , Universidad of Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Farmacia , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , España
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas , Universidad Autónoma de Chile , 7500912 Santiago , Chile
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
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8
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Pillai SA, Lee CF, Ray D, Aswal VK, Wang MR, Chen LJ, Bahadur P. Influence of urea on single and mixed micellar systems of Tetronics®. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Chevry M, Vanbésien T, Menuel S, Monflier E, Hapiot F. Tetronics/cyclodextrin-based hydrogels as catalyst-containing media for the hydroformylation of higher olefins. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy02070d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of alkenes has been investigated under biphasic conditions using combinations of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and poloxamines (Tetronics®).
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Chevry
- CNRS
- Centrale Lille
- ENSCL
- UMR 8181
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
| | - T. Vanbésien
- CNRS
- Centrale Lille
- ENSCL
- UMR 8181
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
| | - S. Menuel
- CNRS
- Centrale Lille
- ENSCL
- UMR 8181
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
| | - E. Monflier
- CNRS
- Centrale Lille
- ENSCL
- UMR 8181
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
| | - F. Hapiot
- CNRS
- Centrale Lille
- ENSCL
- UMR 8181
- Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
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10
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Nanoformulation strategies for the enhanced oral bioavailability of antiretroviral therapeutics. Ther Deliv 2016; 6:469-90. [PMID: 25996045 DOI: 10.4155/tde.15.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral delivery of drugs with poor aqueous solubility is challenging and often results in poor bioavailability. Various nanoformulation platforms have demonstrated improved oral bioavailability of a range of drugs for different indications. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the application of nanomedicine to oral antiretroviral therapy and outline how the current short-falls of this life-long therapy may be resolved using nanotechnology. As well as highlighting the rationale for a nanomedicine-based approach, the review focuses on the various strategies used to enhance oral bioavailability and describes the mechanisms of particle absorption across the GI tract. The recent advances in the development of long-acting formulations for both HIV treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis are also discussed.
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11
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Challenges in oral drug delivery of antiretrovirals and the innovative strategies to overcome them. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 103:105-120. [PMID: 26772138 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Development of novel drug delivery systems (DDS) represents a promising opportunity to overcome the various bottlenecks associated with the chronic antiretroviral (ARV) therapy of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Oral drug delivery is the most convenient and simplest route of drug administration that involves the swallowing of a pharmaceutical compound with the intention of releasing it into the gastrointestinal tract. In oral delivery, drugs can be formulated in such a way that they are protected from digestive enzymes, acids, etc. and released in different regions of the small intestine and/or the colon. Not surprisingly, with the exception of the subcutaneous enfuvirtide, all the marketed ARVs are administered orally. However, conventional (marketed) and innovative (under investigation) oral delivery systems must overcome numerous challenges, including the acidic gastric environment, and the poor aqueous solubility and physicochemical instability of many of the approved ARVs. In addition, the mucus barrier can prevent penetration and subsequent absorption of the released drug, a phenomenon that leads to lower oral bioavailability and therapeutic concentration in plasma. Moreover, the frequent administration of the cocktail (ARVs are administered at least once a day) favors treatment interruption. To improve the oral performance of ARVs, the design and development of more efficient oral drug delivery systems are called for. The present review highlights various innovative research strategies adopted to overcome the limitations of the present treatment regimens and to enhance the efficacy of the oral ARV therapy in HIV.
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12
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Rey-Rico A, Venkatesan JK, Frisch J, Rial-Hermida I, Schmitt G, Concheiro A, Madry H, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Cucchiarini M. PEO-PPO-PEO micelles as effective rAAV-mediated gene delivery systems to target human mesenchymal stem cells without altering their differentiation potency. Acta Biomater 2015; 27:42-52. [PMID: 26320543 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are clinically adapted gene transfer vectors for direct human cartilage regenerative medicine. Their appropriate use in patients is still limited by a relatively low efficacy of vector penetration inside the cells, by the pre-existing humoral immune responses against the viral capsid proteins in a large part of the human population, and by possible inhibition of viral uptake by clinical compounds such as heparin. The delivery of rAAV vectors to their targets using optimized vehicles is therefore under active investigation. Here, we evaluated the possibility of providing rAAV to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), a potent source of cartilage regenerative cells, via self-assembled poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) triblock copolymers as linear poloxamers or X-shaped poloxamines. Encapsulation in poloxamer PF68 and poloxamine T908 polymeric micelles allowed for an effective, durable, and safe modification of hMSCs via rAAV to levels similar to or even higher than those noted upon direct vector application. The copolymers were capable of restoring the transduction of hMSCs with rAAV in conditions of gene transfer inhibition, i.e. in the presence of heparin or of a specific antibody directed against the rAAV capsid, enabling effective therapeutic delivery of a chondrogenic sox9 sequence leading to an enhanced chondrocyte differentiation of the cells. The present findings highlight the value of PEO-PPO copolymers as powerful tools for rAAV-based cartilage regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE While recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are adapted vectors to treat a variety of human disorders, their clinical use is still restricted by pre-existing antiviral immune responses, by a low efficacy of natural vector entry in the target cells, and by inhibition of viral uptake by clinically used compounds like heparin. The search for alternative routes of rAAV delivery is thus becoming a new field of investigation. In the present study, we describe the strong benefits of providing rAAV to human mesenchymal stem cells, a potent source of cells for regenerative medicine, encapsulated in polymeric micelles based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) triblock copolymers as novel, effective and safe delivery systems for human gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rey-Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Jagadeesh K Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Janina Frisch
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Rial-Hermida
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany; Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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13
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Sandez-Macho I, Casas M, Lage EV, Rial-Hermida MI, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Interaction of poloxamine block copolymers with lipid membranes: Role of copolymer structure and membrane cholesterol content. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 133:270-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Bahadur A, Cabana-Montenegro S, Aswal VK, Lage EV, Sandez-Macho I, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Bahadur P. NaCl-triggered self-assembly of hydrophilic poloxamine block copolymers. Int J Pharm 2015; 494:453-62. [PMID: 26315124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tetronic 1307 (T1307) is a hydrophilic poloxamine (HLB>24) with a high molecular mass owing to its long PEO and PPO blocks. In spite of good biocompatibility, its use as a component of drug delivery systems is limited by its high critical micelle concentration (CMC) and temperature (CMT). The aim of this work was to elucidate whether the addition of NaCl or the combination of salts and temperature may bring T1307 micellization and gelling features into more practically useful values. Increasing NaCl concentration in the 0.154 M (isotonic) to 2M (hypertonic) range made the copolymer more hydrophobic and more prone to self-assemble into unimodal micelles, as observed by means of π-A isotherms, (1)H NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and pyrene fluorescence. The decrease in CMC and CMT observed for T1307 in 0.5 M NaCl medium (tolerable hypertonic solution), compared to water, notably favored the solubility of hydrophobic drugs such as curcumin and quercetin. Moreover, phase diagram, intrinsic viscosity and sol-to-gel transition were markedly affected by NaCl concentration. Overall, the strong dependence of T1307 self-assembly features on NaCl opens interesting possibilities for tuning the performance of T1307 as a component of nanocarriers and in situ gelling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Bahadur
- Department of Zoology, PT Sarvajanik College of Science, Surat 395001 India
| | - Sonia Cabana-Montenegro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vinod Kumar Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Emilio V Lage
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isabel Sandez-Macho
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Pratap Bahadur
- Chemistry Department, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395001 India.
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15
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Roma MI, Hocht C, Chiappetta DA, Di Gennaro SS, Minoia JM, Bramuglia GF, Rubio MC, Sosnik A, Peroni RN. Tetronic® 904-containing polymeric micelles overcome the overexpression of ABCG2 in the blood-brain barrier of rats and boost the penetration of the antiretroviral efavirenz into the CNS. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2325-37. [PMID: 26252052 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the involvement of ABCG2 in the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and investigate a nanotechnology strategy to overcome its overexpression under a model of chronic oral administration. Materials & methods A model of chronic efavirenz (EFV) administration was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with a daily oral dose over 5 days. Then, different treatments were conducted and drug concentrations in plasma and brain measured. RESULTS Chronic treatment with oral EFV led to the overexpression of ABCG2 in the BBB that was reverted after a brief washout period. Moreover, gefitinib and the polymeric amphiphile Tetronic(®) 904 significantly inhibited the activity of the pump and potentiated the accumulation of EFV in CNS. The same effect was observed when the drug was administered within mixed micelles containing TetronicT904 as the main component. CONCLUSION Tetronic 904-containing polymeric micelles overcame the overexpression of ABCG2 in the BBB caused by chronic administration of EFV then boosting its penetration into the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín I Roma
- Pharmacology Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires & National Science Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Christian Hocht
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego A Chiappetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires & National Science Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stefania S Di Gennaro
- Pharmacology Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires & National Science Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan M Minoia
- Pharmacology Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires & National Science Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo F Bramuglia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Modesto C Rubio
- Pharmacology Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires & National Science Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Roxana N Peroni
- Pharmacology Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires & National Science Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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16
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Sosnik A, Menaker Raskin M. Polymeric micelles in mucosal drug delivery: Challenges towards clinical translation. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1380-92. [PMID: 25597531 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric micelles are nanostructures formed by the self-aggregation of copolymeric amphiphiles above the critical micellar concentration. Due to the flexibility to tailor different molecular features, they have been exploited to encapsulate motley poorly-water soluble therapeutic agents. Moreover, the possibility to combine different amphiphiles in one single aggregate and produce mixed micelles that capitalize on the features of the different components substantially expands the therapeutic potential of these nanocarriers. Despite their proven versatility, polymeric micelles remain elusive to the market and only a few products are currently undergoing advanced clinical trials or reached clinical application, all of them for the therapy of different types of cancer and administration by the intravenous route. At the same time, they emerge as a nanotechnology platform with great potential for non-parenteral mucosal administration. However, for this, the interaction of polymeric micelles with mucus needs to be strengthened. The present review describes the different attempts to develop mucoadhesive polymeric micelles and discusses the challenges faced in the near future for a successful bench-to-bedside translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Maya Menaker Raskin
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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de Matos MBC, Puga AM, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Braga MEM, de Sousa HC. Osteogenic poly(ε-caprolactone)/poloxamine homogeneous blends prepared by supercritical foaming. Int J Pharm 2014; 479:11-22. [PMID: 25541145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poloxamines (PLXs) porous blends were prepared using a supercritical carbon dioxide-assisted foaming/mixing (SFM) approach aiming to obtain cytocompatible implantable materials presenting tunable morphologies, bioerosion rates, bioactive molecules release and osteogenic features. Pure PCL, pure PLXs (T908 and T1107 varieties) and three distinct PCL:PLX 75:25, 50:50, 25:75% w/w blends, with and without the osteogenic and angiogenic bioactive molecule simvastatin were processed at constant pressure of 20 MPa and temperature of 40 °C or 43 °C, for T1107 and T908, respectively. Obtained porous blends were characterized applying a wide range of techniques and in vitro methods. Calorimetric analysis showed that hydrophilic T908 and T1107 PLXs are miscible with PCL for all tested compositions. Prepared PCL:PLX porous blends rapidly lost mass when immersed into phosphate buffer pH 7.4 due to PLXs dissolution and then went through slow and almost constant erosion rates for the subsequent weeks due to PCL slow hydrolytic degradation, which explains the rapid initial release of simvastatin and its subsequent sustained release for longer periods of time. PCL and PCL:PLX 75:25% w/w porous blends, containing or not simvastatin, showed a high cytocompatibility with SAOS-2 cells. In addition, prepared biomaterials promoted mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and their differentiation into osteoblasts. Overall, obtained results showed novel possibilities of addressing local treatment of small bone defects/fractures using highly porous PCL:PLX homogeneous blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B C de Matos
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Engineering Department, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II-Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M Puga
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Instituto de Ortopedia y Banco de Tejidos Musculoesqueléticos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mara E M Braga
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Engineering Department, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II-Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Hermínio C de Sousa
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Engineering Department, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima, Pólo II-Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Simões SMN, Figueiras AR, Veiga F, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Polymeric micelles for oral drug administration enabling locoregional and systemic treatments. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:297-318. [PMID: 25227130 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.960841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amphiphilic block copolymers are recognized components of parenteral drug nanocarriers. However, their performance in oral administration has barely been evaluated to any great extent. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the methods used to prepare drug-loaded polymeric micelles and to evaluate their stability in gastrointestinal (GI) fluids, and then analyzes in detail recent in vitro and in vivo results about their performance in oral drug delivery. Oral administration of polymeric micelles has been tested for a variety of therapeutic purposes, namely, to increase apparent drug solubility in the GI fluids and facilitate absorption, to penetrate in pathological regions of the GI tract for locoregional treatment, to carry the drug directly toward the blood stream minimizing presystemic loses, and to target the drug after oral absorption to specific tissue or cells in the body. EXPERT OPINION Each therapeutic purpose demands micelles with different performance regarding stability in the GI tract, ability to overcome physiological barriers and drug release patterns. Depending on the block copolymer composition and structure, a wealth of self-assembled micelles with different morphologies and stability can be prepared. Moreover, copolymer unimers can play a role in improving drug absorption through the GI mucosa, either by increasing membrane permeability to the drug and/or the carrier or by inhibiting drug efflux transporters or first-pass metabolism. Therefore, polymeric micelles can be pointed out as versatile vehicles to increase oral bioavailability of drugs that exhibit poor solubility or permeability and may even be an alternative to parenteral carriers when targeting is pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M N Simões
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy , Coimbra , Portugal +351 239 855099 ;
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Glisoni RJ, Sosnik A. Novel Poly(Ethylene Oxide)-b-Poly(Propylene Oxide) Copolymer-Glucose Conjugate by the Microwave-Assisted Ring Opening of a Sugar Lactone. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1639-51. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romina J. Glisoni
- The Group of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; University of Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires CP1113 Argentina
- National Science Research Council (CONICET); Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Group of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Technion City 32000 Haifa Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, De-Jur Building, Office 607; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology; Technion City 32000 Haifa Israel
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Demina TV, Budkina OA, Badun GA, Melik-Nubarov NS, Frey H, Müller SS, Nieberle J, Grozdova ID. Cytotoxicity and Chemosensitizing Activity of Amphiphilic Poly(glycerol)–Poly(alkylene oxide) Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2672-81. [DOI: 10.1021/bm500521j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V. Demina
- Chemistry
Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga A. Budkina
- Chemistry
Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Gennadii A. Badun
- Chemistry
Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Holger Frey
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sophie S. Müller
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Nieberle
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Irina D. Grozdova
- Chemistry
Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Sosnik A. Reversal of multidrug resistance by the inhibition of ATP-binding cassette pumps employing "Generally Recognized As Safe" (GRAS) nanopharmaceuticals: A review. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1828-51. [PMID: 24055628 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pumps of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily (ABCs) regulate the access of drugs to the intracellular space. In this context, the overexpression of ABCs is a well-known mechanism of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer and infectious diseases (e.g., viral hepatitis and the human immunodeficiency virus) and is associated with therapeutic failure. Since their discovery, ABCs have emerged as attractive therapeutic targets and the search of compounds that inhibit their genetic expression and/or their functional activity has gained growing interest. Different generations of pharmacological ABC inhibitors have been explored over the last four decades to address resistance in cancer, though clinical results have been somehow disappointing. "Generally Recognized As Safe" (GRAS) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration designation for substances that are accepted as safe for addition in food. Far from being "inert", some amphiphilic excipients used in the production of pharmaceutical products have been shown to inhibit the activity of ABCs in MDR tumors, emerging as a clinically translatable approach to overcome resistance. The present article initially overviews the classification, structure and function of the different ABCs, with emphasis on those pumps related to drug resistance. Then, the different attempts to capitalize on the activity of GRAS nanopharmaceuticals as ABC inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sosnik
- The Group of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Science Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel.
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Cambón A, Brea J, Loza MI, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Barbosa S, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Cytocompatibility and P-glycoprotein inhibition of block copolymers: structure-activity relationship. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:3232-41. [PMID: 23763603 DOI: 10.1021/mp4002848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymeric micelles greatly improve the solubilization and sustained release of hydrophobic drugs and provide a protective environment for the cargo molecules in aqueous media, which favors lower drug administration doses, reduces adverse side effects, and increases blood circulation times and passive targeting to specific cells. These capabilities depend, among other variables, on the structure and composition of the polymer chains. Composition and, in particular, block length have been shown to play an important role in the modification of cellular responses such as drug internalization processes or transduction pathways when polymeric unimer/micelles are in close contact with cells. Here we present a detailed study about the role copolymer structure and composition play on cell viability and cellular response of several cell lines. To do that, more than 30 structurally related copolymers with diblock and triblock architectures containing different hydrophobic blocks and poly(ethylene oxide) as the common hydrophilic unit have been analyzed regarding cytocompatibility and potential as "active" cell response modifiers by testing their influence on the P-gp pump efflux mechanism responsible of multidrug resistance in cancerous cells. An empirical threshold for cell viability could be established at a copolymer EO/POeffective value above ca. 1.5 for copolymers with triblock structure, whereas no empirical rule could be observed for diblocks. Moreover, some of the tested copolymers (e.g., BO12EO227BO12 and EO57PO46EO57 that notably increased and C16EO455C16 that decreased the P-gp ATPase activity) were observed to act as efficient inhibitors of the P-gp efflux pump promoting an enhanced doxorubicin (DOXO) accumulation inside multidrug resistant (MDR) NCI-ADR-RES cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cambón
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela , 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A. From Drug Dosage Forms to Intelligent Drug-delivery Systems: a Change of Paradigm. SMART MATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849736800-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The design of new drug-delivery systems (DDSs) able to regulate the moment and the rate at which the release should take place, and even to target the drug to specific tissues and cell compartments, has opened novel perspectives to improve the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic treatments. Ideally, the drug should only have access to its site of action and the release should follow the evolution of the disease or of certain biorhythms. The advances in the DDSs field are possible because of a better knowledge of the physiological functions and barriers to the drug access to the action site, but also due to the possibility of having “active” excipients that provide novel features. The joint work in a wide range of disciplines, comprising materials science, biomedical engineering and pharmaceutical technology, prompts the design and development of materials (lipids, polymers, hybrids) that can act as sensors of physiological parameters or external variables, and as actuators able to trigger or tune the release process. Such smart excipients lead to an advanced generation of DDSs designed as intelligent or stimuli-responsive. This chapter provides an overview of how the progress in DDSs is intimately linked to the evolution of the excipients, understood as a specific category of biomaterials. The phase transitions, the stimuli that can trigger them and the mechanisms behind the performance of the intelligent DDSs are analyzed as a whole, to serve as an introduction to the topics that are comprehensively discussed in the subsequent chapters of the book. A look to the future is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - A. Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela Spain
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Sosnik A. Temperature- and pH-sensitive Polymeric Micelles for Drug Encapsulation, Release and Targeting. SMART MATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849736800-00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
More than 50% of the drugs in the market and 70% of the new candidates are poorly water soluble according to the Biopharmaceutic Classification System (BCS(. Poor aqueous solubility and physico-chemical stability of drugs in biological fluids remain key limitations in oral, parenteral and transdermal administration and contribute to an increase the drug attrition rate. Motivated by the outbreak of nanotechnology, different nanocarriers made of lipids and polymers have been designed and developed to address these limitations. Moreover, robust platforms were exploited to achieve the temporal and spatial release of drugs, thus constraining the systemic exposure to toxic agents and the appearance of severe adverse effects and improving the safety ratio. Owing to unique features such as (i( great chemical flexibility, (ii( capacity to host, solubilize and physico-chemically stabilize poorly water soluble drugs, (iii( ability to accumulate selectively in highly vascularized solid tumors and (iv( ability of single amphiphile molecules (unimers( to inhibit the activity of different pumps of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily (ABCs(, polymeric micelles have emerged as one of the most versatile nanotechnologies. Despite their diverse applications to improve the therapeutic outcomes, polymeric micelles remain clinically uncapitalized. The present chapter overviews the most recent applications of temperature- and pH-responsive polymeric micelles for the encapsulation, release and targeting of drugs and discusses the perspectives for these unique nanocarriers in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sosnik
- The Group of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED) Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, 956 Junín St., Buenos Aires CP1113 Argentina and National Science Research Council (CONICET) Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Poly(styrene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers: From “classical” chemotherapeutic nanocarriers to active cell-response inducers. J Control Release 2013; 167:68-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Cambón A, Rey-Rico A, Mistry D, Brea J, Loza MI, Attwood D, Barbosa S, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Doxorubicin-loaded micelles of reverse poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene oxide) block copolymers as efficient "active" chemotherapeutic agents. Int J Pharm 2013; 445:47-57. [PMID: 23380628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Five reverse poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene oxide) block copolymers, BOnEOmBOn, with BO ranging from 8 to 21 units and EO from 90 to 411 were synthesized and evaluated as efficient chemotherapeutic drug delivery nanocarriers and inhibitors of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump in a multidrug resistant (MDR) cell line. The copolymers were obtained by reverse polymerization of poly(butylene oxide), which avoids transfer reaction and widening of the EO block distribution, commonly found in commercial poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers (poloxamers). BOnEOmBOn copolymers formed spherical micelles of 10-40 nm diameter at lower concentrations (one order of magnitude) than those of equivalent poloxamers. The influence of copolymer block lengths and BO/EO ratios on the solubilization capacity and protective environment for doxorubicin (DOXO) was investigated. Micelles showed drug loading capacity ranging from ca. 0.04% to 1.5%, more than 150 times the aqueous solubility of DOXO, and protected the cargo from hydrolysis for more than a month due to their greater colloidal stability in solution. Drug release profiles at various pHs, and the cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the DOXO-loaded micelles were assessed in vitro. DOXO loaded in the polymeric micelles accumulated more slowly inside the cells than free DOXO due to its sustained release. All copolymers were found to be cytocompatible, with viability extents larger than 95%. In addition, the cytotoxicity of DOXO-loaded micelles was higher than that observed for free drug solutions in a MDR ovarian NCI-ADR-RES cell line which overexpressed P-gp. The inhibition of the P-gp efflux pump by some BOnEOmBOn copolymers, similar to that measured for the common P-gp inhibitor verapamil, favored the retention of DOXO inside the cell increasing its cytotoxic activity. Therefore, poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymers offer interesting features as cell response modifiers to complement their role as efficient nanocarriers for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cambón
- Grupo de Física de Coloides y Polímeros, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Administration of the optimized β-Lapachone-poloxamer-cyclodextrin ternary system induces apoptosis, DNA damage and reduces tumor growth in a human breast adenocarcinoma xenograft mouse model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 84:497-504. [PMID: 23333901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
β-Lapachone (β-Lap) is a 1,2-orthonaphthoquinone that selectively induces cell death in human cancer cells through NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1). NQO1 is overexpressed in a variety of tumors, as compared to normal adjacent tissue. However, the low solubility and non-specific distribution of β-Lap limit its suitability for clinical assays. We formulated β-Lap in an optimal random methylated-β-cyclodextrin/poloxamer 407 mixture (i.e., β-Lap ternary system) and, using human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells and immunodeficient mice, performed in vitro and in vivo evaluation of its anti-tumor effects on proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage, and tumor growth. This ternary system is fluid at room temperature, gels over 29 °C, and provides a significant amount of drug, thus facilitating intratumoral delivery, in situ gelation, and the formation of a depot for time-release. Administration of β-Lap ternary system to MCF-7 cells induces an increase in apoptosis and DNA damage, while producing no changes in cell cycle. Moreover, in a mouse xenograft tumor model, intratumoral injection of the system significantly reduces tumor volume, while increasing apoptosis and DNA damage without visible toxicity to liver or kidney. These anti-tumoral effects and lack of visible toxicity make this system a promising new therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.
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Zhang G, Chang H, Amatore C, Chen Y, Jiang H, Wang X. Apoptosis induction and inhibition of drug resistant tumor growth in vivo involving daunorubicin-loaded graphene–gold composites. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:493-499. [DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00378c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chiappetta DA, Hocht C, Opezzo JAW, Sosnik A. Intranasal administration of antiretroviral-loaded micelles for anatomical targeting to the brain in HIV. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 8:223-37. [PMID: 23173734 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the intranasal administration of poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) polymeric micelles loaded with high payloads of the first-line antiretroviral drug efavirenz for targeting to the CNS. METHODS & MATERIALS The effect of micellar size and composition and drug payload was assessed, employing simple micelles made of a highly hydrophilic copolymer, poloxamer F127, loaded with 20 mg/ml drug and mixed micelles containing 75% of a poloxamine of intermediate hydrophobicity, T904, and 25% F127 loaded with 20 and 30 mg/ml drug. F127 confers high physical stability, while T904 substantially improves the encapsulation capacity of the micelles. RESULTS The bioavailability of the drug in the CNS was increased fourfold and the relative exposure index (ratio between the area under the curve in the CNS and plasma) was increased fivefold with respect to the same system administered intravenously. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the potential of this scalable and cost-viable strategy to address the HIV sanctuary in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Chiappetta
- The Group of Biomaterials & Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, 956 Junín St, 6th Floor, Buenos Aires CP1113, Argentina
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García Vior MC, Marino J, Roguin LP, Sosnik A, Awruch J. Photodynamic effects of zinc(II) phthalocyanine-loaded polymeric micelles in human nasopharynx KB carcinoma cells. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 89:492-500. [PMID: 22924690 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01229.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A major difficulty in photodynamic therapy is the poor solubility of the photosensitizer (PS) under physiological conditions which correlates with low bioavailability. PS aggregation leads to a decrease in the photodynamic efficiency and a more limited activity in vitro and in vivo. To improve the aqueous solubility and reduce the aggregation of 2,9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis[(2-dimethylamino)ethylsulfanyl]phthal-ocyaninatozinc(II) (Pc9), the encapsulation into four poloxamine polymeric micelles (T304, T904, T1107 and T1307) displaying a broad spectrum of molecular weight and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was investigated. The aqueous solubility of Pc9 was increased up to 30 times. Morphological evaluation showed the formation of Pc9-loaded spherical micelles in the nanosize range. UV/Vis and fluorescence studies indicated that Pc9 is less aggregated upon encapsulation in comparison with Pc9 in water-DMSO 2% and remained photostable. Pc9-loaded micelles generated singlet molecular oxygen in high yields. Photocytotoxicity assays using human nasopharynx KB carcinoma cells confirmed that the encapsulation of Pc9 in T1107 and T1307 increases its photocytotoxicity by 10 times in comparison with the free form in water-DMSO. In addition, Pc9 incorporated into cells was mainly localized in lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C García Vior
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Cuestas ML, Castillo AI, Sosnik A, Mathet VL. Downregulation of mdr1 and abcg2 genes is a mechanism of inhibition of efflux pumps mediated by polymeric amphiphiles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6577-9. [PMID: 23031592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cells to acquire resistance to multiple pharmaceuticals, namely multidrug resistance (MDR), is often mediated by the over-expression of efflux transporters of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily; for example P-glycoprotein (P-gp or MDR1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP or ABCG2), and multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP1. ABCs pump drug molecules out of cells against a concentration gradient, reducing their intracellular concentration. The ability of polymeric amphiphiles to inhibit ABCs as well as the cellular pathways involved in the inhibition has been extensively investigated. This work investigated for the first time the effect of branched poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers (poloxamines) on the levels of mRNA encoding for MDR1, BCRP and MRP1, in a human hepatoma cell line (Huh7). Copolymers with a broad range of molecular weights and hydrophilic-lipophilic balances were assayed. Results confirmed the down-regulation of mdr1 and abcg2 genes. Conversely, the mrp1 gene was not affected. These findings further support the versatility of these temperature- and pH-responsive copolymers to overcome drug resistance in cancer and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Cuestas
- The Group of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Junin 959, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (1121), Argentina
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Ribeiro A, Sosnik A, Chiappetta DA, Veiga F, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Single and mixed poloxamine micelles as nanocarriers for solubilization and sustained release of ethoxzolamide for topical glaucoma therapy. J R Soc Interface 2012; 9:2059-69. [PMID: 22491977 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric micelles of single and mixed poloxamines (Tetronic) were evaluated regarding their ability to host the antiglaucoma agent ethoxzolamide (ETOX) for topical ocular application. Three highly hydrophilic varieties of poloxamine (T908, T1107 and T1307) and a medium hydrophilic variety (T904), possessing a similar number of propylene oxide units but different contents in ethylene oxide, were chosen for the study. The critical micellar concentration and the cloud point of mixed micelles in 0.9 per cent NaCl were slightly greater than the values predicted from the additive rule, suggesting that the co-micellization is hindered. Micellar size ranged between 17 and 120 nm and it was not altered after the loading of ETOX (2.7-11.5 mg drug g(-1) poloxamine). Drug solubilization ability ranked in the order: T904 (50-fold increase in the apparent solubility) > T1107 is approximately equal to T1307 > T908. Mixed micelles showed an intermediate capability to host ETOX but a greater physical stability, maintaining almost 100 per cent drug solubilized after 28 days. Furthermore, the different structural features of poloxamines and their combination in mixed micelles enabled the tuning of drug release profiles, sustaining the release in the 1-5 days range. These findings together with promising hen's egg test-chorioallantoic membrane biocompatibility tests make poloxamine micelles promising nanocarriers for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreza Ribeiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Cambón A, Alatorre-Meda M, Juárez J, Topete A, Mistry D, Attwood D, Barbosa S, Taboada P, Mosquera V. Micellisation of triblock copolymers of ethylene oxide and 1,2-butylene oxide: Effect of B-block length. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 361:154-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Cuestas ML, Sosnik A, Mathet VL. Poloxamines display a multiple inhibitory activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in cancer cell lines. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1152-64. [PMID: 21591727 DOI: 10.1021/mp2000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is the third most common fatal cancer worldwide with more than 500,000 annual deaths. Approximately 40% of the patients with HCC showed tumoral overexpression of transmembrane proteins belonging to the ATP-binding cassette protein superfamily (ABC) which pump drugs out of cells. The overexpression of these efflux transporters confers on the cells a multiple drug resistance phenotype, which is considered a crucial cause of treatment refractoriness in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of pH- and temperature-responsive X-shaped poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers (poloxamines, Tetronic, PEO-PPO) showing a wide range of molecular weights and EO/PO ratios on the functional activity of three different ABC proteins, namely P-glycoprotein (P-gp or MDR1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP1, in two human hepatocarcinoma cell lines, HepG2 and Huh7. First, the cytotoxicity of the different copolymers (at different concentrations) on both liver carcinoma cell lines was thoroughly evaluated by means of apoptosis analysis using annexin V and propidium iodide (PI). Thus, viable cells (AV-/PI-), early apoptotic cells (AV+/PI-) and late apoptotic cells (V-FITC+/PI+) were identified. Results pointed out copolymers of intermediate to high hydrophobicity and intermediate molecular weight (e.g., T904) as the most cytotoxic. Then, DiOC2, rhodamine 123 and vinblastine were used as differential substrates of these pumps. HeLa, an epithelial cell line of human cervical cancer that does not express P-gp, was used exclusively as a control and enabled the discerning between P-gp and MRP1 inhibition. Moderate to highly hydrophobic poloxamines T304, T904 and T1301 showed inhibitory activity against P-gp and BCRP but not against MRP1 in both hepatic cell lines. A remarkable dependence of this effect on the copolymer concentration and hydrophobicity was found. No inhibitory effect against these ABC pumps was observed with the hydrophilic T1107. These findings further evidence the potential usefulness of these Trojan horses as both drug nanocarriers and ABC inhibitors in hepatic MDR tumors and infections that involve the activity of these efflux transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Cuestas
- The Group of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, 956 Junín St, Sixth Floor, Buenos Aires CP1113, Argentina
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Chiappetta DA, Facorro G, de Celis ER, Sosnik A. Synergistic encapsulation of the anti-HIV agent efavirenz within mixed poloxamine/poloxamer polymeric micelles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 7:624-37. [PMID: 21371572 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the synergistic performance of mixed polymeric micelles made of linear and branched poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) for the more effective encapsulation of the anti-HIV drug efavirenz. The co-micellization process of 10% binary systems combining different weight ratios of a highly hydrophilic poloxamer (Pluronic F127) and a more hydrophobic poloxamine counterpart (Tetronic T304 and T904) was investigated by means of dynamic light scattering, cloud point and electronic spin resonance experiments. Then, the synergistic solubilization capacity of the micelles was shown. Findings revealed a sharp solubility increase from 4 μg/ml up to more than 33 mg/ml, representing a 8430-fold increase. Moreover, the drug-loaded mixed micelles displayed increased physical stability over time in comparison with pure poloxamine ones. Overall findings confirmed the enormous versatility of the poloxamer/poloxamine systems as Trojan nanocarriers for drug encapsulation and release by the oral route and they entail a relevant enhancement of the previous art towards a more compliant pediatric HIV pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Chiappetta
- The Group of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Improved Medicines (BIONIMED), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Chiappetta DA, Hocht C, Taira C, Sosnik A. Oral pharmacokinetics of the anti-HIV efavirenz encapsulated within polymeric micelles. Biomaterials 2011; 32:2379-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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