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Ueda H, Neyama H. Fibromyalgia Animal Models Using Intermittent Cold and Psychological Stress. Biomedicines 2023; 12:56. [PMID: 38255163 PMCID: PMC10813244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain and other frequent symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, and mood disorder. Based on the view that intermittent stress would be the most probable etiology for FM, intermittent cold- and intermittent psychological stress-induced generalized pain (ICGP and IPGP) models in mice have been developed and validated as FM-like pain models in terms of the patho-physiological and pharmacotherapeutic features that are shared with clinical versions. Both models show long-lasting and generalized pain and female-predominant sex differences after gonadectomy. Like many other neuropathic pain models, ICGP and IPGP were abolished in lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1) knock-out mice or by LPAR1 antagonist treatments, although deciding the clinical importance of this mechanism depends on waiting for the development of a clinically available LPAR1 antagonist. On the other hand, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac with morphine did not suppress hyperalgesia in these models, and this is consistent with the clinical findings. Pharmacological studies suggest that the lack of morphine analgesia is associated with opioid tolerance upon the stress-induced release of endorphins and subsequent counterbalance through anti-opioid NMDA receptor mechanisms. Regarding pharmacotherapy, hyperalgesia in both models was suppressed by pregabalin and duloxetine, which have been approved for FM treatment in clinic. Notably, repeated treatments with mirtazapine, an α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist-type antidepressant, and donepezil, a drug for treating Alzheimer's disease, showed potent therapeutic actions in these models. However, the pharmacotherapeutic treatment should be carried out 3 months after stress, which is stated in the FM guideline, and many preclinical studies, such as those analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms, as well as additional evidence using different animal models, are required. Thus, the ICGP and IPGP models have the potential to help discover and characterize new therapeutic medicines that might be used for the radical treatment of FM, although there are several limitations to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan;
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114201, Taiwan
| | - Hiroyuki Neyama
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Innovation, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan;
- Multiomics Platform, Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Ay BK, Tuna M. Does the presence of radiculopathy affect sleep quality and lower extremity functionality in neuropathic low back pain? REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20230459. [PMID: 37729372 PMCID: PMC10508897 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbance in chronic neuropathic low back pain is a well-known condition. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of lumbar radiculopathy on sleep quality and lower extremity functionality in the presence of neuropathic low back pain. METHODS A total of 79 patients diagnosed with disk herniation, needle electromyography, and neuropathic pain were included in the study. Visual Analog Scale, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and Lower Extremity Functionality Scale were applied to the patients. RESULTS Of the 79 patients who participated in the study, 34 (43%) were females and 45 (57%) were males. No significant difference was found between the group with and without radiculopathy in terms of sleep quality and lower extremity functionality (p=0.245 and p=0.092, respectively). In our study, a negative correlation was found between night pain and the presence of radiculopathy (p=0.006). The number of lumbar herniated disk levels was higher in the group without radiculopathy and was statistically significant (p=0.023). CONCLUSION We found that the presence of radiculopathy did not affect sleep quality and lower extremity functionality in disk herniation patients with neuropathic pain. Although it was not statistically significant in our study, we think that the degree of herniation may affect sleep and lower extremity functionality rather than the number of disk herniation levels with the available data. The fact that neuropathic pain is not limited to disk herniation and radiculopathy, and that neuropathic pain is intertwined with clinical conditions such as anxiety, sleep disorders, and depression are among the conditions that make the studies difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilgehan Kolutek Ay
- Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation – Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Tuna
- Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation – Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
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Yanagida K, Shimizu T. Lysophosphatidic acid, a simple phospholipid with myriad functions. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108421. [PMID: 37080433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a simple phospholipid consisting of a phosphate group, glycerol moiety, and only one hydrocarbon chain. Despite its simple chemical structure, LPA plays an important role as an essential bioactive signaling molecule via its specific six G protein-coupled receptors, LPA1-6. Recent studies, especially those using genetic tools, have revealed diverse physiological and pathological roles of LPA and LPA receptors in almost every organ system. Furthermore, many studies are illuminating detailed mechanisms to orchestrate multiple LPA receptor signaling pathways and to facilitate their coordinated function. Importantly, these extensive "bench" works are now translated into the "bedside" as exemplified by approaches targeting LPA1 signaling to combat fibrotic diseases. In this review, we discuss the physiological and pathological roles of LPA signaling and their implications for clinical application by focusing on findings revealed by in vivo studies utilizing genetic tools targeting LPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yanagida
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Life Science, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Dacheux MA, Norman DD, Tigyi GJ, Lee SC. Emerging roles of lysophosphatidic acid receptor subtype 5 (LPAR5) in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108414. [PMID: 37061203 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator that regulates a variety of cellular functions such as cell proliferation, migration, survival, calcium mobilization, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and neurite retraction. The biological actions of LPA are mediated by at least six G protein-coupled receptors known as LPAR1-6. Given that LPAR1-3 were among the first LPARs identified, the majority of research efforts have focused on understanding their biology. This review provides an in-depth discussion of LPAR5, which has recently emerged as a key player in regulating normal intestinal homeostasis and modulating pathological conditions such as pain, itch, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. We also present a chronological overview of the efforts made to develop compounds that target LPAR5 for use as tool compounds to probe or validate LPAR5 biology and therapeutic agents for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie A Dacheux
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Derek D Norman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Gábor J Tigyi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Sue Chin Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, TN, United States of America.
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Sens A, Rischke S, Hahnefeld L, Dorochow E, Schäfer SMG, Thomas D, Köhm M, Geisslinger G, Behrens F, Gurke R. Pre-analytical sample handling standardization for reliable measurement of metabolites and lipids in LC-MS-based clinical research. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2023; 28:35-46. [PMID: 36872954 PMCID: PMC9975683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging disciplines of lipidomics and metabolomics show great potential for the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers, but appropriate pre-analytical sample-handling procedures are critical because several analytes are prone to ex vivo distortions during sample collection. To test how the intermediate storage temperature and storage period of plasma samples from K3EDTA whole-blood collection tubes affect analyte concentrations, we assessed samples from non-fasting healthy volunteers (n = 9) for a broad spectrum of metabolites, including lipids and lipid mediators, using a well-established LC-MS-based platform. We used a fold change-based approach as a relative measure of analyte stability to evaluate 489 analytes, employing a combination of targeted LC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS screening. The concentrations of many analytes were found to be reliable, often justifying less strict sample handling; however, certain analytes were unstable, supporting the need for meticulous processing. We make four data-driven recommendations for sample-handling protocols with varying degrees of stringency, based on the maximum number of analytes and the feasibility of routine clinical implementation. These protocols also enable the simple evaluation of biomarker candidates based on their analyte-specific vulnerability to ex vivo distortions. In summary, pre-analytical sample handling has a major effect on the suitability of certain metabolites as biomarkers, including several lipids and lipid mediators. Our sample-handling recommendations will increase the reliability and quality of samples when such metabolites are necessary for routine clinical diagnosis.
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Key Words
- 1-AG, 1-arachidonoyl glycerol
- 1-LG, 1-linoleoyl glycerol
- 2-AG, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol
- 2-LG, 2- linoleoyl glycerol
- ACN, acetonitrile
- AEA, arachidonoyl ethanolamide
- BHT, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol
- CAR, carnitine
- EC, endocannabinoid
- FC, fold change
- FT, freezing temperature/storage in ice water
- HETE, hydroxyeicosatetraenoate
- HRMS, high-resolution mass spectrometry
- IRB, Institutional Review Board
- IS, internal standard
- K3EDTA plasma sampling
- K3EDTA, tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- LC, liquid chromatography
- LEA, linoleoyl ethanolamide
- LLE, liquid–liquid extraction
- LLOQ, lowest limit of quantification
- LPA, lysophosphatidic acid
- LPC O, lysophosphatidylcholine-ether
- LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine
- LPE, lysophosphatidylethanolamine
- LPG, lysophosphatidylglycerol
- LPI, lysophosphatic inositol
- Lipidomics
- MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry
- MTBE, methyl tertiary-butyl ether
- MeOH, methanol
- Metabolomics
- OEA, oleoyl ethanolamide
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PC, phohsphatidylcholine
- PE, phosphotidylethanolamine
- PEA, palmitoyl ethanolamide
- PI, phosphatidylinositol
- Pre-analytics
- QC, quality control
- REC, Research Ethics Committee
- RT, room temperature
- Ref, reference sample
- SEA, stearoyl ethanolamide
- SPE, solid-phase extraction
- STD, calibration standard
- Sampling protocol
- VEA, vaccenic acid ethanolamid
- WB, whole blood
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sens
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Rischke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - L Hahnefeld
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - E Dorochow
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S M G Schäfer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Thomas
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Köhm
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - G Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Behrens
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Rheumatology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R Gurke
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Usefulness of lysophosphatidylcholine measurement in the cerebrospinal fluid for differential diagnosis of neuropathic pain: Possible introduction into clinical laboratory testing. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 541:117249. [PMID: 36764506 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The differential diagnosis of neuropathic pain, especially discrimination between neuropathic pain caused by spinal canal stenosis (SCS) and neuropathic pain associated with causes other than SCS, is sometimes difficult; however, it is important for surgical application. METHODS We established a reliable method for measuring lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a precursor of lysophosphatidic acids which are known as being pain initiators, using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method, and measured the LPC concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with SCS (SCS group; n = 76), patients with neuropathic pain caused by non-SCS diseases (Others group; n = 49), and control subjects without pain (control group; n = 92). RESULTS Both within-run and between-run CV(%) were almost < 10 %, suggesting an enough performance for clinical introduction. The CSF concentrations of LPC (16:0) and LPC (18:0) were higher in the SCS group than those in the Control or Others group; the concentrations of LPC (18:1), LPC (18:2), LPC (20:4), LPC (22:6) levels were higher in the SCS group than those in the control or others group, but they were also higher in the Others group than those in the control group. The areas under the curve in the ROC curve analyses of LPC (18:1) for discriminating between the SCS and control groups, others and control groups, and SCS and others groups were 0.994, 0.860, and 0.869, respectively. CONCLUSIONS LPC measurement in the CSF is useful for the differential diagnosis of neuropathic pain, especially for surgical decision-making, which is expected for clinical introduction.
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Gonzalez PA, Simcox J, Raff H, Wade G, Von Bank H, Weisman S, Hainsworth K. Lipid signatures of chronic pain in female adolescents with and without obesity. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:80. [PMID: 36042489 PMCID: PMC9426222 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain in adolescence is associated with diminished outcomes, lower socioeconomic status in later life, and decreased family well-being. Approximately one third of adolescents with chronic pain have obesity compared to the general population. In obesity, lipid signals regulate insulin sensitivity, satiety, and pain sensation. We determined whether there is a distinct lipid signature associated with chronic pain and its co-occurrence with obesity in adolescents. METHODS We performed global lipidomics in serum samples from female adolescents (N = 67, 13-17 years old) with no pain/healthy weight (Controls), chronic pain/healthy weight (Pain Non-obese), no pain/obesity (Obese), or chronic pain/obesity (Pain Obese). RESULTS The Pain Non-obese group had lipid profiles similar to the Obese and Pain Obese groups. The major difference in these lipids included decreased lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) in the three clinical groups compared to the Control group. Furthermore, ceramides and sphingomyelin were higher in the groups with obesity when compared to the groups with healthy weight, while plasmalogens were elevated in the Pain Obese group only. CONCLUSIONS Serum lipid markers are associated with chronic pain and suggest that specific lipid metabolites may be a signaling mechanism for inflammation associated with co-occurring chronic pain and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Judith Simcox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hershel Raff
- Departments of Medicine (Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine), Surgery, and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Aurora St. Luke's Medical Center, Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Gina Wade
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Helaina Von Bank
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Steven Weisman
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Jane B. Pettit Pain and Headache Center, Children's Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Keri Hainsworth
- Jane B. Pettit Pain and Headache Center, Children's Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, 53226, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Akhilesh, Uniyal A, Gadepalli A, Tiwari V, Allani M, Chouhan D, Ummadisetty O, Verma N, Tiwari V. Unlocking the potential of TRPV1 based siRNA therapeutics for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Life Sci 2022; 288:120187. [PMID: 34856209 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) is among the most common clinical complications associated with the use of anti-cancer drugs. CINP occurs in nearly 68.1% of the cancer patients receiving chemotherapeutic drugs. Most of the clinically available analgesics are ineffective in the case of CINP patients as the pathological mechanisms involved with different chemotherapeutic drugs are distinct from each other. CINP triggers the somatosensory nervous system, increases the neuronal firing and activation of nociceptive mediators including transient receptor protein vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). TRPV1 is widely present in the peripheral nociceptive nerve cells and it has been reported that the higher expression of TRPV1 in DRGs serves a critical role in the potentiation of CINP. The therapeutic glory of TRPV1 is well recognized in clinics which gives a promising insight into the treatment of pain. But the adverse effects associated with some of the antagonists directed the scientists towards RNA interference (RNAi), a tool to silence gene expression. Thus, ongoing research is focused on developing small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics targeting TRPV1. In this review, we have discussed the involvement of TRPV1 in the nociceptive signaling associated with CINP and targeting this nociceptor, using siRNA will potentially arm us with effective therapeutic interventions for the clinical management of CINP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anagha Gadepalli
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vineeta Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meghana Allani
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Chouhan
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Obulapathi Ummadisetty
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nimisha Verma
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Critical Roles of Lysophospholipid Receptors in Activation of Neuroglia and Their Neuroinflammatory Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157864. [PMID: 34360625 PMCID: PMC8346064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglia and/or astrocytes often releases proinflammatory molecules as critical pathogenic mediators that can promote neuroinflammation and secondary brain damages in diverse diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, controlling the activation of glial cells and their neuroinflammatory responses has been considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating neuroinflammatory diseases. Recently, receptor-mediated lysophospholipid signaling, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor- and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor-mediated signaling in particular, has drawn scientific interest because of its critical roles in pathogenies of diverse neurological diseases such as neuropathic pain, systemic sclerosis, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, hypoxia, hydrocephalus, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Activation of microglia and/or astrocytes is a common pathogenic event shared by most of these CNS disorders, indicating that lysophospholipid receptors could influence glial activation. In fact, many studies have reported that several S1P and LPA receptors can influence glial activation during the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and multiple sclerosis. This review aims to provide a comprehensive framework about the roles of S1P and LPA receptors in the activation of microglia and/or astrocytes and their neuroinflammatory responses in CNS diseases.
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Lysophosphatidic acid activates nociceptors and causes pain or itch depending on the application mode in human skin. Pain 2021; 163:445-460. [PMID: 34166323 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is involved in the pathophysiology of cholestatic pruritus and neuropathic pain. Slowly conducting peripheral afferent C-nerve fibers are crucial in the sensations of itch and pain. In animal studies, specialized neurons ("pruriceptors") have been described, expressing specific receptors e.g. from the Mrgpr family. Human nerve fibers involved in pain signaling ("nociceptors") can elicit itch if activated by focalized stimuli such as cowhage spicules.In this study, we scrutinized the effects of LPA in humans by two different application modes on the level of psychophysics and single nerve fiber recordings (microneurography). In healthy human subjects, intracutaneous LPA microinjections elicited burning pain, whereas LPA application via inactivated cowhage spicules evoked a moderate itch sensation. LPA microinjections induced heat hyperalgesia and hypersensitivity to higher electrical stimulus frequencies. Pharmacological blockade of TRPA1 or TRPV1 reduced heat hyperalgesia but not acute chemical pain. Microneurography revealed an application mode-dependent differential activation of mechano-sensitive (CM) and mechano-insensitive (CMi) C-fibers. LPA microinjections activated a greater proportion of CMi and more strongly than CM fibers; spicule-application of LPA activated CM and CMi fibers to a similar extent but excited CM more and CMi fibers less intensely than microinjections.In conclusion, we show for the first time in humans that LPA can cause pain as well as itch dependent on the mode of application and activates afferent human C-fibers. Itch may arise from focal activation of few nerve fibers with distinct spatial contrast to unexcited surrounding afferents, and a specific combination of activated fiber subclasses might contribute.
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11
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Uranbileg B, Ito N, Kurano M, Kano K, Uchida K, Sumitani M, Aoki J, Yatomi Y. Inhibition of autotaxin activity ameliorates neuropathic pain derived from lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3984. [PMID: 33597645 PMCID: PMC7889906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) or mechanical compression of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is one of the causes of low back pain and neuropathic pain (NP). Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a potent bioactive lipid mediator that is produced mainly from lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) via autotaxin (ATX) and is known to induce NP via LPA1 receptor signaling in mice. Recently, we demonstrated that LPC and LPA were higher in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with LSS. Based on the possible potential efficacy of the ATX inhibitor for NP treatment, we used an NP model with compression of DRG (CD model) and investigated LPA dynamics and whether ATX inhibition could ameliorate NP symptoms, using an orally available ATX inhibitor (ONO-8430506) at a dose of 30 mg/kg. In CD model, we observed increased LPC and LPA levels in CSF, and decreased threshold of the pain which were ameliorated by oral administration of the ATX inhibitor with decreased microglia and astrocyte populations at the site of the spinal dorsal horn projecting from injured DRG. These results suggested possible efficacy of ATX inhibitor for the treatment of NP caused by spinal nerve root compression and involvement of the ATX-LPA axis in the mechanism of NP induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baasanjav Uranbileg
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Ito
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Kano
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanji Uchida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sumitani
- Department of Pain and Palliative Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Arun P, Rossetti F, DeMar JC, Wang Y, Batuure AB, Wilder DM, Gist ID, Morris AJ, Sabbadini RA, Long JB. Antibodies Against Lysophosphatidic Acid Protect Against Blast-Induced Ocular Injuries. Front Neurol 2020; 11:611816. [PMID: 33384658 PMCID: PMC7769950 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.611816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to blast overpressure waves is implicated as the major cause of ocular injuries and resultant visual dysfunction in veterans involved in recent combat operations. No effective therapeutic strategies have been developed so far for blast-induced ocular dysfunction. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid generated by activated platelets, astrocytes, choroidal plexus cells, and microglia and is reported to play major roles in stimulating inflammatory processes. The levels of LPA in the cerebrospinal fluid have been reported to increase acutely in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as well as in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI model in mice. In the present study, we have evaluated the efficacy of a single intravenous administration of a monoclonal LPA antibody (25 mg/kg) given at 1 h post-blast for protection against injuries to the retina and associated ocular dysfunctions. Our results show that a single 19 psi blast exposure significantly increased the levels of several species of LPA in blood plasma at 1 and 4 h post-blast. The anti-LPA antibody treatment significantly decreased glial cell activation and preserved neuronal cell morphology in the retina on day 8 after blast exposure. Optokinetic measurements indicated that anti-LPA antibody treatment significantly improved visual acuity in both eyes on days 2 and 6 post-blast exposure. Anti-LPA antibody treatment significantly increased rod photoreceptor and bipolar neuronal cell signaling in both eyes on day 7 post-blast exposure. These results suggest that blast exposure triggers release of LPAs, which play a major role promoting blast-induced ocular injuries, and that a single early administration of anti-LPA antibodies provides significant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peethambaran Arun
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Franco Rossetti
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - James C DeMar
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Andrew B Batuure
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Donna M Wilder
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Irene D Gist
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lexington VA Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Roger A Sabbadini
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Joseph B Long
- Blast-Induced Neurotrauma Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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13
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Pathogenic mechanisms of lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid in chronic pain. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 81:101079. [PMID: 33259854 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A number of membrane lipid-derived mediators play pivotal roles in the initiation, maintenance, and regulation of various types of acute and chronic pain. Acute pain, comprising nociceptive and inflammatory pain warns us about the presence of damage or harmful stimuli. However, it can be efficiently reversed by opioid analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. Prostaglandin E2 and I2, the representative lipid mediators, are well-known causes of acute pain. However, some lipid mediators such as lipoxins, resolvins or endocannabinoids suppress acute pain. Various types of peripheral and central neuropathic pain (NeuP) as well as fibromyalgia (FM) are representatives of chronic pain and refractory owing to abnormal pain processing distinct from acute pain. Accumulating evidence demonstrated that lipid mediators represented by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of both NeuP and FM in experimental animal models. The LPAR1-mediated peripheral mechanisms including dorsal root demyelination, Cavα2δ1 expression in dorsal root ganglion, and LPAR3-mediated amplification of central LPA production via glial cells are involved in the series of molecular mechanisms underlying NeuP. This review also discusses the involvement of lipid mediators in emerging research directives, including itch-sensing, sexual dimorphism, and the peripheral immune system.
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Dormer L. Welcome to the 11 th Volume of Pain Management. Pain Manag 2020; 11:1-3. [PMID: 33234002 DOI: 10.2217/pmt-2020-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
I would like to welcome our readers to volume 11 of Pain Management. Since the launch of the journal in 2011, the title has gone from strength to strength, and we are delighted to bring you a new year of content. We are starting off this issue with a look back on some of our article highlights from 2020, alongside some of this month's key content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dormer
- Editor - Pain Management, Future Medicine Ltd, Unitec House, London N3 1QB, UK
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Gaire BP, Sapkota A, Choi JW. BMS-986020, a Specific LPA 1 Antagonist, Provides Neuroprotection against Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111097. [PMID: 33171697 PMCID: PMC7695306 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death. Stroke survivors often suffer from long-term functional disability. This study demonstrated neuroprotective effects of BMS-986020 (BMS), a selective lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1) antagonist under clinical trials for lung fibrosis and psoriasis, against both acute and sub-acute injuries after ischemic stroke by employing a mouse model with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). BMS administration immediately after reperfusion significantly attenuated acute brain injuries including brain infarction, neurological deficits, and cell apoptosis at day 1 after tMCAO. Neuroprotective effects of BMS were preserved even when administered at 3 h after reperfusion. Neuroprotection by BMS against acute injuries was associated with attenuation of microglial activation and lipid peroxidation in post-ischemic brains. Notably, repeated BMS administration daily for 14 days after tMCAO exerted long-term neuroprotection in tMCAO-challenged mice, as evidenced by significantly attenuated neurological deficits and improved survival rate. It also attenuated brain tissue loss and cell apoptosis in post-ischemic brains. Mechanistically, it significantly enhanced neurogenesis and angiogenesis in injured brains. A single administration of BMS provided similar long-term neuroprotection except survival rate. Collectively, BMS provided neuroprotection against both acute and sub-acute injuries of ischemic stroke, indicating that BMS might be an appealing therapeutic agent to treat ischemic stroke.
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Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an immunoglobulin-like receptor present on cell surface. RAGE binds to an array of structurally diverse ligands, acts as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and is expressed on cells of different origin performing different functions. RAGE ligation leads to the initiation of a cascade of signaling events and is implicated in diseases, such as inflammation, cancer, diabetes, vascular dysfunctions, retinopathy, and neurodegenerative diseases. Because of the significant involvement of RAGE in the progression of numerous diseases, RAGE signaling has been targeted through use of inhibitors and anti-RAGE antibodies as a treatment strategy and therapy. Here in this review, we have summarized the physical and physiological aspects of RAGE biology in mammalian system and the importance of targeting this molecule in the treatment of various RAGE mediated pathologies. Highlights Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of immunoglobulin superfamily of receptors and involved in many pathophysiological conditions. RAGE ligation with its ligands leads to initiation of distinct signaling cascades and activation of numerous transcription factors. Targeting RAGE signaling through inhibitors and anti-RAGE antibodies can be promising treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Jangde
- Laboratory of Vascular Immunology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rashmi Ray
- Laboratory of Vascular Immunology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Vivek Rai
- Laboratory of Vascular Immunology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Signalling by lysophosphatidate and its health implications. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:547-563. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular lysophosphatidate (LPA) signalling is regulated by the balance of LPA formation by autotaxin (ATX) versus LPA degradation by lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPP) and by the relative expressions of six G-protein-coupled LPA receptors. These receptors increase cell proliferation, migration, survival and angiogenesis. Acute inflammation produced by tissue damage stimulates ATX production and LPA signalling as a component of wound healing. If inflammation does not resolve, LPA signalling becomes maladaptive in conditions including arthritis, neurologic pain, obesity and cancers. Furthermore, LPA signalling through LPA1 receptors promotes fibrosis in skin, liver, kidneys and lungs. LPA also promotes the spread of tumours to other organs (metastasis) and the pro-survival properties of LPA explain why LPA counteracts the effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. ATX is secreted in response to radiation-induced DNA damage during cancer treatments and this together with increased LPA1 receptor expression leads to radiation-induced fibrosis. The anti-inflammatory agent, dexamethasone, decreases levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. This is linked to a coordinated decrease in the production of ATX and LPA1/2 receptors and increased LPA degradation through LPP1. These effects explain why dexamethasone attenuates radiation-induced fibrosis. Increased LPA signalling is also associated with cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis and deranged LPA signalling is associated with pregnancy complications including preeclampsia and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. LPA contributes to chronic inflammation because it stimulates the secretion of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which increase further ATX production and LPA signalling. Attenuating maladaptive LPA signalling provides a novel means of treating inflammatory diseases that underlie so many important medical conditions.
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Oehler B, Brack A, Blum R, Rittner HL. Pain Control by Targeting Oxidized Phospholipids: Functions, Mechanisms, Perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:613868. [PMID: 33569042 PMCID: PMC7868524 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.613868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the lipidome oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) form a class of chemically highly reactive metabolites. OxPL are acutely produced in inflamed tissue and act as endogenous, proalgesic (pain-inducing) metabolites. They excite sensory, nociceptive neurons by activating transient receptor potential ion channels, specifically TRPA1 and TRPV1. Under inflammatory conditions, OxPL-mediated receptor potentials even potentiate the action potential firing rate of nociceptors. Targeting OxPL with D-4F, an apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide or antibodies like E06, specifically binding oxidized headgroups of phospholipids, can be used to control acute, inflammatory pain syndromes, at least in rodents. With a focus on proalgesic specificities of OxPL, this article discusses, how targeting defined substances of the epilipidome can contribute to mechanism-based therapies against primary and secondary chronic inflammatory or possibly also neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Oehler
- Wolfson Center of Age-Related Diseases, IoPPN, Health and Life Science, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Brack
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike L. Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Heike L. Rittner,
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