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Lin C, Jyotaki M, Quinlan J, Feng S, Zhou M, Jiang P, Matsumoto I, Huang L, Ninomiya Y, Margolskee RF, Reed DR, Wang H. Lipopolysaccharide increases bitter taste sensitivity via epigenetic changes in Tas2r gene clusters. iScience 2023; 26:106920. [PMID: 37283808 PMCID: PMC10239704 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
T2R bitter receptors, encoded by Tas2r genes, are not only critical for bitter taste signal transduction but also important for defense against bacteria and parasites. However, little is known about whether and how Tas2r gene expression are regulated. Here, we show that in an inflammation model mimicking bacterial infection using lipopolysaccharide, the expression of many Tas2rs was significantly upregulated and mice displayed markedly increased neural and behavioral responses to bitter compounds. Using single-cell assays for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (scATAC-seq), we found that the chromatin accessibility of Tas2rs was highly celltype specific and lipopolysaccharide increased the accessibility of many Tas2rs. scATAC-seq also revealed substantial chromatin remodeling in immune response genes in taste tissue stem cells, suggesting potential long-lasting effects. Together, our results suggest an epigenetic mechanism connecting inflammation, Tas2r gene regulation, and altered bitter taste, which may explain heightened bitter taste that can occur with infections and cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailu Lin
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Masafumi Jyotaki
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Quinlan
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shan Feng
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Minliang Zhou
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peihua Jiang
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ichiro Matsumoto
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liquan Huang
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute of Cellular and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yuzo Ninomiya
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Sensory Physiology, Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Device, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
- Oral Science Research Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Danielle R. Reed
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Lin C, Jyotaki M, Quinlan J, Feng S, Zhou M, Jiang P, Matsumoto I, Huang L, Ninomiya Y, Margolskee RF, Reed DR, Wang H. Inflammation induces bitter taste oversensitization via epigenetic changes in Tas2r gene clusters. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.08.527520. [PMID: 36798225 PMCID: PMC9934667 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.08.527520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
T2R bitter receptors, encoded by Tas2r genes, are not only critical for bitter taste signal transduction but also important for defense against bacteria and parasites. However, little is known about whether and how Tas2r gene expression are regulated. Here we show that, in an inflammation model mimicking bacterial infection, the expression of many Tas2rs are significantly up-regulated and mice displayed markedly increased neural and behavioral responses to bitter compounds. Using single-cell assays for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (scATAC-seq), we found that the chromatin accessibility of Tas2rs was highly cell type specific and inflammation increased the accessibility of many Tas2rs . scATAC-seq also revealed substantial chromatin remodeling in immune response genes in taste tissue stem cells, suggesting potential long-term effects. Together, our results suggest an epigenetic mechanism connecting inflammation, Tas2r gene regulation, and altered bitter taste, which may explain heightened bitter taste that can occur with infections and cancer treatments.
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Koc G, Soyocak A, Duzgun Ergun D, Pastaci Ozsobaci N, Andac-Ozturk S, Ergun S. Association of TRPM5 Asn235Ser Polymorphism and Trace Elements/Minerals in Chronic Gastritis Patients: a Case-Control Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:535-542. [PMID: 34767145 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The link between chronic gastritis and chemosensory receptors is considered promising for disease prediction and treatment. The transient receptor potential melastatin member channel 5 (TRPM5) is an ion channel and may be a chemosensor in the gastrointestinal tract. Trace elements and minerals involved in many protein structures can change ion channel activity. Our study aimed to determine trace element and mineral levels according to TRPM5 Asn235Ser missense polymorphism distributions in patients with H. pylori (+) and (-) gastritis and to uncover their possible association with disease pathogenesis. In 109 volunteer patients diagnosed with gastritis [64 H. pylori (+), 45 H. pylori (-)], TRPM5 (Asn235Ser) polymorphism was detected by Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR method (KASP), but no difference was found between the groups. There are differences between the serum trace element (Se, Zn, Cu, Mg, and Cu/Zn) levels of the two groups. High serum Se and Cu/Zn ratios were detected in H. pylori (+) patients. Cu/Zn ratio can be used as a marker of bacterial inflammation. The amount of Se was found to be statistically significant in the serums of H. pylori (+) patients carrying TT and CT genotype, while the amounts of Zn, Cu, and Mg were found as significant of H. pylori (-) patients. The relationship of Se with the H. pylori needs to be investigated further. In addition, H. pylori (+) patients have a significantly higher neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio (NLR) compared to those with H. pylori (-) NLR can be used as an indicator of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Koc
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - A Soyocak
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D Duzgun Ergun
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Pastaci Ozsobaci
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Andac-Ozturk
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Health Science Faculty, Istanbul Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Ergun
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Avcılar Murat Koluk State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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