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Prosche S, Stappen I. Flower Power: An Overview on Chemistry and Biological Impact of Selected Essential Oils from Blossoms. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:595-626. [PMID: 38843799 DOI: 10.1055/a-2215-2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Natural raw materials such as essential oils have received more and more attention in recent decades, whether in the food industry, as flavorings and preservatives, or as insecticides and insect repellents. They are, furthermore, very popular as fragrances in perfumes, cosmetics, and household products. In addition, aromatherapy is widely used to complement conventional medicine. This review summarizes investigations on the chemical composition and the most important biological impacts of essential oils and volatile compounds extracted from selected aromatic blossoms, including Lavandula angustifolia, Matricaria recutita, Rosa x damascena, Jasminum grandiflorum, Citrus x aurantium, Cananga odorata, and Michelia alba. The literature was collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Blossom essential oils discussed in this work are used in a wide variety of clinical issues. The application is consistently described as safe in studies and meta-analyses, although there are notes that using essential oils can also have side effects, especially dermatologically. However, it can be considered as confirmed that essential oils have positive influences on humans and can improve quality of life in patients with psychiatric disorders, critically ill patients, and patients in other exceptional situations. Although the positive effect of essential oils from blossoms has repeatedly been reported, evidence-based clinical investigations are still underrepresented, and the need for research is demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinah Prosche
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Iris Stappen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria
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Ciliberti MG, Albenzio M, Sevi A, Frabboni L, Marino R, Caroprese M. Immunomodulatory Role of Rosmarinus officinalis L., Mentha x piperita L., and Lavandula angustifolia L. Essential Oils in Sheep Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Vet Sci 2024; 11:157. [PMID: 38668424 PMCID: PMC11054635 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11040157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the uses of essential oils (EOs) as rumen modifiers, anti-inflammatory agents, and antioxidants were demonstrated in livestock. In the present study, the role of Mentha x piperita L. (MEO), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (REO), and Lavandula angustifolia L. (LEO) EOs in an in vitro sheep model of inflammation was investigated. With this aim, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with incremental concentrations (3, 5, 7, and 10%) of each EO to test their effects on cell viability and proliferation and on interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-8 secretion. The PBMCs were stimulated by Concanavalin A (ConA) alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mitogen. The positive and negative controls were represented by PBMCs in the presence or absence, respectively, of mitogens only. The cell viability and proliferation were determined by XTT and BrdU assays, while the cytokines were analyzed by ELISA. The EO treatments did not affect the viability; on the contrary, the PBMC proliferation increased in presence of all the EOs tested, according to the different percentages and mitogens used. The IL-10 secretion was higher in both the REO and the LEO tested at 3% than in the positive control; furthermore, the IL-8 level was influenced differently by the various EOs. The present data demonstrate that EOs may modulate the immune response activated by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Ciliberti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.A.); (A.S.); (L.F.); (R.M.); (M.C.)
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Jaramillo V, Díaz E, Muñoz LN, González-Barrios AF, Rodríguez-Cortina J, Cruz JC, Muñoz-Camargo C. Enhancing Wound Healing: A Novel Topical Emulsion Combining CW49 Peptide and Lavender Essential Oil for Accelerated Regeneration and Antibacterial Protection. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1739. [PMID: 37376187 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process involving blood cells, extracellular matrix, and parenchymal cells. Research on biomimetics in amphibian skin has identified the CW49 peptide from Odorrana grahami, which has been demonstrated to promote wound regeneration. Additionally, lavender essential oil exhibits anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Given these considerations, we propose an innovative emulsion that combines the CW49 peptide with lavender oil. This novel formulation could serve as a potent topical treatment, potentially fostering the regeneration of damaged tissues and providing robust antibacterial protection for skin wounds. This study investigates the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and in vitro regenerative capacity of the active components and the emulsion. The results show that the emulsion possesses appropriate rheological characteristics for topical application. Both the CW49 peptide and lavender oil exhibit high viability in human keratinocytes, indicating their biocompatibility. The emulsion induces hemolysis and platelet aggregation, an expected behavior for such topical treatments. Furthermore, the lavender-oil emulsion demonstrates antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Finally, the regenerative potential of the emulsion and its active components is confirmed in a 2D wound model using human keratinocytes. In conclusion, the formulated emulsion, which combines the CW49 peptide and lavender oil, shows great promise as a topical treatment for wound healing. Further research is needed to validate these findings in more advanced in vitro models and in vivo settings, potentially leading to improved wound-care management and novel therapeutic options for patients with skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Jaramillo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Erika Díaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Laura N Muñoz
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | | | - Jader Rodríguez-Cortina
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria-AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Mosquera 250047, Colombia
| | - Juan C Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Abstract
Lavandula sp. essential oil and hydrolate are commercially valuable in various industry branches with the potential for wide-ranging applications. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of these products obtained from L. x intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ for the first time cultivated on Fruška Gora Mt. (Serbia) during three successive seasons (2019, 2020, and 2021). Essential oil extraction was obtained by steam distillation, and the composition and influence of weather conditions were also assessed, using flowering tops. The obtained essential oils and hydrolates were analysed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A linear regression model was developed to predict L. x intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ essential oil volatile compound content and hydrolate composition during three years, according to temperature and precipitation data, and the appropriate regression coefficients were calculated, while the correlation analysis was employed to analyse the correlations in hydrolate and essential oil compounds. To completely describe the structure of the research data that would present a better insight into the similarities and differences among the diverse L. x intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ samples, the PCA was used. The most dominant in L. intermedia cv. ‘Budrovka’ essential oil and hydrolate were oxygenated monoterpenes: linalool, 1,8-cineole, borneol, linalyl acetate, and terpinene-4-ol. It is established that the temperature was positively correlated with all essential oil and hydrolate compounds. The precipitations were positively correlated with the main compounds (linalool, 1,8-cineole, and borneol), while the other compounds’ content negatively correlated to precipitation. The results indicated that Fruška Gora Mt. has suitable agro-ecological requirements for cultivating Lavandula sp. and providing satisfactory essential oil and hydrolate.
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Chemical Profile, In Vitro Biological Activity and Comparison of Essential Oils from Fresh and Dried Flowers of Lavandula angustifolia L. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175317. [PMID: 34500747 PMCID: PMC8434377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from dried and fresh flowers of Lavandula angustifolia L. (lavender), named LA 2019 and LA 2020, respectively, grown in central Italy was analyzed and compared by GC and GC-MS. For both samples, 61 compounds were identified, corresponding to 97.9% and 98.1% of the total essential oils. Explorative data analysis, performed to compare the statistical composition of the samples, resulted in a high level of global similarity (around 93%). The compositions of both samples were characterized by 10 major compounds, with a predominance of Linalool (35.3-36.0%), Borneol (15.6-19.4%) and 1,8-Cineole (11.0-9.0%). The in vitro antibacterial activity assay by disk diffusion tests against Bacillus subtilis PY79 and Escherichia coli DH5α showed inhibition of growth in both indicator strains. In addition, plate counts revealed a bactericidal effect on E. coli, which was particularly noticeable when using oil from the fresh lavender flowers at the highest concentrations. An in vitro antifungal assay showed that the EOs inhibited the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii, a phytopathogenic fungus that causes post-harvest diseases in many fruits and vegetables. The antioxidant activity was also assessed using the ABTS free radical scavenging assay, which showed a different antioxidant activity in both EOs. In addition, the potential application of EOs as a green method to control biodeterioration phenomena on an artistic wood painting (XIX century) was evaluated.
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Abou Baker DH, Amarowicz R, Kandeil A, Ali MA, Ibrahim EA. Antiviral activity of Lavandula angustifolia L. and Salvia officinalis L. essential oils against avian influenza H5N1 virus. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH 2021; 4:100135. [PMID: 36570026 PMCID: PMC9767472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, viral infection is considered a major cause of mortality all over the world such as covid-19 pandemic. In this context, searching for antiviral agents are major researchers interests. In this study, essential oils (EO) of Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) and Salvia officinalis (salvia) were subjected to combat avian influenza H5N1 virus. Laboratory trials were performed to identify Lavender and salvia EOs and evaluate their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity against an avian influenza H5N1 virus. EOs were prepared by the hydrodistillation of air-dried plants and analyzed by GC-MS methods. The results revealed that salvia has the highest EOs yield 1.3% than lavender 1%. The dominant constituents of lavender EO were linalyl acetate and linalool while camphor and α-thujone were the dominant compounds of salvia. Both oils exhibited antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS and total antioxidant capacity assays. The results suggest the use of salvia and lavender EOs as effective natural anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral agents.
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Key Words
- ABTS•+, 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazloine-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antioxidant
- Antiviral
- Avian influenza
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- DPPH•, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical
- Essential oils
- FID, flame ionization detector
- GC, gas chromatography
- GC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- Lavandula angustifolia
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- Salvia officinalis
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha H Abou Baker
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St. (former El Tahrirst.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748-Olsztyn, Tuwima Street 10, Poland
| | - Ahmed Kandeil
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, Department of Water Pollution Research, Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre (NRC), Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, Department of Water Pollution Research, Division of Environmental Research, National Research Centre (NRC), Egypt
| | - Eman A Ibrahim
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Perović A, Stanković MZ, Veljković VB, Kostić MD, Stamenković OS. A further study of the kinetics and optimization of the essential oil hydrodistillation from lavender flowers. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Trujillo-Echeverria L, Lara Fiallos MV, de la Vega Quintero JC, Espín Valladares R, Guardado Yordi E, Radice M, Pérez Martínez A. Technical-economic analisys of the solvent-method optimization of Origanum vulgare essential oil extraction based on technical and quality criteria. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Reaction of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. to Water Treated with Low-Temperature, Low-Pressure Glow Plasma of Low Frequency. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lavandula angustifolia was watered with either deionized tap water treated with low-temperature, low-pressure glow plasma of low frequency in the air (LPGPA), under oxygen-free nitrogen (LPGPN), methane (LPGPM), carbon dioxide (LPGPC) or molecular oxygen (LPGPO). The crop yields were slightly dependent on the type of water used for watering. Notably, only plants watered with LPGPN showed a slightly higher crop yield. The plants also contained a higher level of protein and bioaccumulated magnesium. The type of water had a considerable and specific effect on the yield of isolated essential oils and their composition. The yield of essential oil decreased in the following order LPGPA = LPGPN (0.4 g/100 g dry mass) > LPGPC = LPGPO (0.3 g/100 g dry mass) > LPGPM = non-treated water (0.2 g/100 g dry mass). The composition of the isolated essential oils varied depending on the type of water used for watering, which influences their role as a fragrant component of cosmetics, and in herbal therapy and aromatherapy.
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Bajalan I, Rouzbahani R, Pirbalouti AG, Maggi F. Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Iranian Lavandula × hybrida. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 28306205 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lavandin (Lavandula × hybrida) is an evergreen shrub and cultivated worldwide for its essential oil which possesses various biological activities. In this study, the essential oils were isolated from the leaves of ten lavandin populations in western Iran. The hydrodistilled essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID/MS. Results indicated significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among the various populations for the main essential oil constituents. The major components from different populations were 1,8-cineole (31.64 - 47.94%), borneol (17.11 - 26.14%), and camphor (8.41 - 12.68%). In vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated against S. agalactiae, S. aureus, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae. The inhibition zones were in the range of 09.36 mm for S. aureus to 23.30 mm for E. coli. Results indicated that there was a significant correlation between essential oil composition and level of antibacterial efficacy expressed as inhibition zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Bajalan
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
| | - Razieh Rouzbahani
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
| | - Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 166, Shahrekord, Iran.,Medicinal Plants ProGram, College of Natural Sciences, Massachusetts University, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Gavanji S, Mohammadi E, Larki B, Bakhtari A. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic evaluation of some herbal essential oils in comparison with common antibiotics in bioassay condition. Integr Med Res 2014; 3:142-152. [PMID: 28664090 PMCID: PMC5481736 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since ancient times, various infectious diseases have been treated using herbal drugs. Today, efforts regarding the discovery of the effectual components of plants possessing antimicrobial properties are advanced. Herbal essential oils are widely used for treatment of various diseases, and they play an important role in health care considerations. METHODS The antibacterial activity of Artemisia kermanensis, Lavandula officinalis, and Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oils against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PTCC 1310), and Klebsiella pneumonia (PTCC 1053) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method as well as determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration. The composition of the three essential oils was determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Variable amounts of different components (such as oxygenated monoterpenes, thymol, carvacrol, and 1,8-cineol) were found in all three oils. Among the tested bacteria, S. aureus was the most sensitive to the three essential oils. RESULTS The obtained results showed that each of the three essential oils has an inhibitory effect on pathogenic strains. Of these three oils, Z. multiflora Boiss essential oil showed the highest inhibitory effect on microbial strains. Furthermore, comparison of the antibacterial effects of these three essential oils with ampicillin and tetracycline revealed that these antibiotics have a better effect in controlling pathogenic strains. CONCLUSION The essential oils used in the present study with different components showed antibacterial activity (especially Z. multiflora Boiss essential oil), and therefore they can be used as a new antibacterial substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Gavanji
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohammadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrouz Larki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azizollah Bakhtari
- Isfahan University of Technology, Department of Animal Science, Isfahan, Iran
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Lakušic B, Lakušic D, Ristic M, Marčetic M, Slavkovska V. Seasonal Variations in the Composition of the Essential Oils of Lavandula angustifolia (Lamiacae). Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal variations in the composition of the essential oils obtained from the same individual (of the same genotype) of Lavandula angustifolia cultivated in Belgrade were determined by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents were 1,8-cineole (7.1–48.4%), linalool (0.1–38.7%), borneol (10.9–27.7%), β-phellandrene (0.5–21.2%) and camphor (1.5–15.8%). Cluster analysis showed that the 21 samples collected each month during the vegetation cycle were separable into three main clades with different compositions of essential oils. In the shoots with flowers, inflorescences and fruits of clade I, linalool is dominant, in the young leaves before flowering and old leaves of clade II, 1,8-cineole is dominant. In the young and incompletely developed leaves of clade III, β-phellandrene is dominant. The composition of the essential oils of lavender depended on the plant part and the stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislava Lakušic
- Department of Botany, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dmitar Lakušic
- Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden «Jevremovac», University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Takovska 43, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihailo Ristic
- Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Tadeuša Košcuška 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Marčetic
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Violeta Slavkovska
- Department of Botany, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
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