Rheological and droplet size analysis of W/O/W multiple emulsions containing low concentrations of polymeric emulsifiers

Preliminary Approaches to Cosmeceuticals Emulsions Based on N-ProlylPalmitoyl Tripeptide-56 Acetat-Bakuchiol Complex Intended to Combat Skin Oxidative Stress

This study focuses on the development of a performant formulation for O/W dermato-cosmetic emulsions, which can be incorporated into novel dermato-cosmetic products or used as such. The O/W dermato-cosmetic emulsions contain an active complex based on a plant-derived monoterpene phenol, bakuchiol (BAK) and a signaling peptide named n-prolyl palmitoyl tripeptide-56 acetate (TPA). As a dispersed phase, we used a mix of vegetable oils, and as a continuous phase, Rosa damascena hydrosol was employed. Three emulsions containing different concentrations of the active complex were formulated (0.5% BAK + 0.5% TPA = E.1.1., 1% BAK + 1%TPA = E.1.2., 1% BAK + 2% TPA = E.1.3.). Stability testing was performed through sensory analysis, stability after centrifugation, conductivity and optical microscopy. A preliminary in vitro study regarding the diffusion ability of antioxidants through chicken skin was also undertaken. DPPH and ABTS assays were used to highlight the optimal concentration and combination in the formulation in terms of antioxidant properties and safety level of the active complex (BAK/TPA). Our results showed that the active complex used for preparing emulsions with BAK and TPA showed good antioxidant activity and is suitable for obtaining topical products with potential antiaging effects.

Preparation, characterization, and application of polysaccharide-based emulsions incorporated with lavender essential oil for skin-friendly cellulosic support

This study aimed to develop polysaccharide-based emulsions incorporated with lavender essential oil and their application on cellulosic support for patches obtaining. The lavender essential oil has been added to emulsions as an active compound mainly due to its antimicrobial properties. In this study, emulsions were used to deliver active ingredients (lavender essential oil). The chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of seven emulsions (RiACL) were evaluated by determining rheological parameters and microbiological analysis. One of the emulsions (R7ACL) was applied to cellulosic support to obtain non-irritating textiles with controlled release of the active compound and moisturizing effects. Obtained cellulosic support was analyzed in terms of active compound controlled release, toxicity and antimicrobial testing, and skin analysis in healthy volunteers. It was found that the cellulosic supports treated with O/W emulsions are non-irritating, have softness and moisturizing effects, and can be used safely in topical applications for patches obtaining.

Novel semisolid SNEDDS based on PEG-30-dipolyhydroxystearate: development and characterization

The aim of the current study is to explore the potential of PEG-30-dipolyhydroxystearate (Cithrol(®) DPHS) and Soluplus(®) as ingredients in novel semisolid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS). Semisolid SNEDDS consisting of Cithrol(®) DPHS, Capmul(®) MCM and Kolliphor(®) HS 15 were successfully prepared. The formulations were comprehensively characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), electron spin resonance (ESR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR). All formulations were semisolid at room temperature and melted at body temperature. The hydrodynamic diameter of the dispersions was less than 25 nm. The ratio Cithrol(®) DPHS:Capmul(®) MCM was found to be critical for the dispersibility and the stability of the formed nanoemulsion.

Fabrication, physicochemical characterization and preliminary efficacy evaluation of a W/O/W multiple emulsion loaded with 5% green tea extract

Complex multiple emulsions have an excellent ability to fill large volumes of functional cosmetic agents. This study was aimed to encapsulate large volume of green tea in classical multiple emulsion and to compare its stability with a multiple emulsion without green tea extract. Multiple emulsions were developed using Cetyl dimethicone copolyol as lipophilic emulsifier and classic polysorbate-80 as hydrophilic emulsifier. Multiple emulsions were evaluated for various physicochemical aspects like conductivity, pH, microscopic analysis, rheology and these characteristics were followed for a period of 30 days in different storage conditions. In vitro and in vivo skin protection tests were also performed for both kinds of multiple emulsions i.e. with active (MeA) and without active (MeB). Both formulations showed comparable characteristics regarding various physicochemical characteristics in different storage conditions. Rheological analysis showed that formulations showed pseudo plastic behavior upon continuous shear stress. Results of in vitro and in vivo skin protection data have revealed that the active formulation has comparable skin protection effects to that of control formulation. It was presumed that stable multiple emulsions could be a promising choice for topical application of green tea but multiple emulsions presented in this study need improvement in the formula, concluded on the basis of pH, conductivity and apparent viscosity data.