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Gilloteaux J, Jamison JM, Summers JL, Taper HS. Reactivation of nucleases with peroxidation damages induced by a menadione: ascorbate combination devastates human prostate carcinomas: ultrastructural aspects. Ultrastruct Pathol 2024; 48:378-421. [PMID: 39105605 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2379300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Xenografts of androgen-independent human DU145 prostate metastatic carcinomas implanted in nu/nu male mice have revealed a significant survival after a prooxidant anticancer treatment consisting of a combination of menadione bisulfite and sodium ascorbate (VK3:VC). METHODS Implanted samples of diaphragm carcinomas from longest survived mice from either oral, intraperitoneal (IP), or both oral and IP treatment groups were assessed with light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy to analyze morphologic damages. RESULTS Compared with previous fine structure data of in vitro untreated carcinomas, the changes induced by oral, IP, and oral with IP VK3:VC treatment dismantled those xenografts with autoschizis, and necrotic atrophy was accomplished by cell's oxidative stress whose injuries were consequent to reactivated deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases. Tumor destructions resulted from irreversible damages of nucleus components, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria there. Other alterations included those of the cytoskeleton that resulted in characteristic self-excisions named " autoschizis." All these injuries lead resilient cancer cells to necrotic cell death. CONCLUSION The fine structure damages caused by VK3:VC prooxidant combination in the human DU145 prostate xenografts confirmed those shown in vitro and of other cell lines with histochemistry and biomolecular investigations. These devastations incurred without damage to normal tissues; thus, our data brought support for the above combination to assist in the treatment of prostate cancers and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Gilloteaux
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St Georges' University International School of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, NEOMed (NEOUCOM), Rootstown, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Research in Molecular Physiology (URPhyM), NARILIS, Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - James M Jamison
- Department of Urology, Summa Health System, Akron, Ohio, USA
- St Thomas Hospital, The Apatone Development Center, Summa Research Fondation, Akron Ohio, USA
| | - Jack L Summers
- Department of Urology, Summa Health System, Akron, Ohio, USA
- St Thomas Hospital, The Apatone Development Center, Summa Research Fondation, Akron Ohio, USA
| | - Henryk S Taper
- Département des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Unité de Pharmacocinétique, Métabolisme, Nutrition et Toxicologie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Gilloteaux DJ, Jamison JM, Summers JL, Taper HS. Xenografts on nude mouse diaphragm of human DU145 prostate carcinoma cells: mesothelium removal by outgrowths and angiogenesis. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:413-438. [PMID: 36165802 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2115596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells, androgen-independent malignant cells, implanted in the athymic nu/nu male mouse, developed numerous tumors on peritoneal and retro-peritoneal organs whose growth aspects and vascular supply have yet to be investigated with fine structure techniques. A series of necropsies from moribund implanted mice diaphragms were examined with light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. DU145 xenografts installations, far away from the implanted site, were described as the smallest installation to large diaphragm outgrowths in moribund mice. Carcinomas did not show extracellular matrix and, reaching more than 0.15 mm in thickness, they revealed new structures in these outgrowths. Voids to be gland-like structures with mediocre secretion and, unexpectedly, intercellular spaces connected with fascicles of elongated DU145 cells that merged with a vascular supply originated from either the tumor cells and/or some perimysium vessels. In the largest carcinomas, most important vascular invasions coincidently accompanied the mouse lethality, similarly to human cancers. This androgen-independent model would be useful to study tumor outgrowth's changes related to testing anticancer strategy, including anti-angiogenic therapies involving toxicity, simultaneously with those of other vital organs with combined biomolecular and fine structure techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dr Jacques Gilloteaux
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St Georges' University International School of Medicine, KB Taylor Global Scholar's Program, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK, NE1 8JG.,Unit of Research in Molecular Physiology (URPhyM), NARILIS, Université de Namur, Namur, Belgium, 5000.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Ohio Medical University (NEOMed/Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, USA, 44272
| | - James M Jamison
- Department of Urology, Ohio Medical University (NEOMed/Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, USA, 44272.,St Thomas Hospital, The Apatone Development Center, Summa Research Foundation, Akron, OH, USA, 44310
| | - Jack L Summers
- Department of Urology, Ohio Medical University (NEOMed/Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, USA, 44272.,St Thomas Hospital, The Apatone Development Center, Summa Research Foundation, Akron, OH, USA, 44310
| | - Henryk S Taper
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Toxicologique et Cancérologique, School of Pharmacy, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium, 1200
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Mijović M, Nedeljković V, Vukićević D, Mitić N, Đerković B, Rašić J, Premović V. Diagnostic, prognostic and predictive parameters in prostate cancer. PRAXIS MEDICA 2020. [DOI: 10.5937/pramed2004043m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CP) is the most common malignancy in men in America, while it is the second most common in Europe. It is responsible for about 10% of cancer deaths in the same population. It is clinically manifested in various forms, from slow-growing to aggressive forms with pronounced metastatic potential. Diagnosis is made by a well-defined algorithm, which begins with the determination of serum prostate specific antigen values and ends with prostate biopsy as the "gold standard". Pathohistological diagnostic criterias are based on architectural, cytoplasmic, nuclear and characteristics of intraluminal structures, as well as periacinar cleftings, which are deffined as helpfull diagnostic criteria of undoubted importance. Prognostic and predictive parameters are classified into three categories. Some of them are an integral part of routine pathohistologicat report, while others are considered as the diagnostic process progresses. Modern knowledge introduces biomarkers into the everyday practice of personalized medicine, especially when is necessary to treat prostate cancer patients.
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68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Unmasked a Case of Prostate Cancer With Neuroendocrine Differentiation. Clin Nucl Med 2016; 41:959-960. [DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000001419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Surcel CI, van Oort IM, Sooriakumaran P, Briganti A, De Visschere PJL, Fütterer JJ, Ghadjar P, Isbarn H, Ost P, van den Bergh RCN, Yossepowitch O, Giannarini G, Ploussard G. Prognostic effect of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer: A critical review. Urol Oncol 2014; 33:265.e1-7. [PMID: 25238700 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multiple pathways that are involved in neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in prostate cancer (PCa) are poorly elucidated. Evidence suggests that several environmental triggers induce NED leading to the adaptation of PCa to its close environment to maintain cell proliferation. Nevertheless, there is conflicting evidence regarding the prognostic role of NED in PCa. METHODS In this review, we aimed to summarize all available data about NED and to assess the prognostic role of NED in disease progression and therapy resistance, and its role in routine clinical practice. This review was based on articles found through a PubMed literature search between 1993 and 2013. The study outcome measure was the effect of NED on oncologic outcomes at each PCa stage. RESULTS In total, 59 articles reporting on the effect of NED on oncologic outcomes have been selected. In clinical practice, immunostaining for NED markers could have interesting predictive value for assessing the oncologic outcomes in patients receiving androgen-deprivation therapy. Thus, patients with high NED burden may be candidates for more aggressive treatment strategies targeting NED pathways. Conversely, strong evidence is lacking concerning its potential independent prognostic value in hormone-naïve PCa. CONCLUSIONS Current published data are not sufficient to recommend the use of NE markers in routine practice, particularly at early PCa stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian I Surcel
- Centre of Urological Surgery, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Inge M van Oort
- Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Prasanna Sooriakumaran
- Surgical Intervention Trials Unit, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Division of Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jurgen J Fütterer
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pirus Ghadjar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hendrik Isbarn
- Department of Urology, Regio Clinic Wedel, Wedel, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Piet Ost
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Ofer Yossepowitch
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson, Petach-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gianluca Giannarini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medical Sciences, Urology Unit, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Guillaume Ploussard
- Department of Urology, CHU Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 7 Diderot, Paris, France.
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Jeetle SS, Fisher G, Yang ZH, Stankiewicz E, Møller H, Cooper CS, Cuzick J, Berney DM. Neuroendocrine differentiation does not have independent prognostic value in conservatively treated prostate cancer. Virchows Arch 2012; 461:103-7. [PMID: 22767265 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-012-1259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies have implicated neuroendocrine differentiation in the development of hormone resistant prostate cancer following administration of androgen blockers. Studies on clinical material are equivocal. We wished to understand the significance of neuroendocrine differentiation in our large and well-characterised cohort of clinically localised prostate cancer, treated conservatively. Immunohistochemical expression of chromogranin-A was assessed semi-quantitatively on tissue samples of 806 patients in a tissue microarray approach. The correlation of expression with 10-year prostate cancer survival was examined. Multivariate analysis including contemporary Gleason score was performed and sub-group analysis of early hormone treated patients was also undertaken. Chromogranin-A expression correlated with high Gleason score (χ(2) = 28.35, p < 0.001) and early prostate cancer death (HR = 1.61, 95 %CI = 1.15-2.27, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, NE differentiation correlated significantly with outcome (HR = 1.61, 95 % CI 1.15-2.27, p < 0.001) However in multivariate analysis including Gleason score, chromogranin-A expression was not an independent predictor of survival (HR = 0.97, 95 %CI = 0.89-1.37, p = 0.87). Although chromogranin-A expression was higher in patients with early hormone therapy (χ(2) = 7.25, p = 0.007), there was no association with prostate cancer survival in this sub-group (p = 0.083). Determination of neuroendocrine differentiation does not appear to have any bearing on the outcome of prostatic carcinoma and does not add to the established prognostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Jeetle
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Almeida JC, Menezes RP, Kuckelhaus SA, Bocca AL, Figueiredo F. Prognostic value of morphologic and clinical parameters in pT2 - pT3 prostate cancer. Int Braz J Urol 2007; 33:662-72. [PMID: 17980063 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382007000500007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Verify the efficacy of clinical and morphologic parameters currently applied, including an immunohistochemical panel, in the prognostic of prostate cancer, in specific stages of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the period from 2002 to 2005, 40 surgical specimens were selected from patients submitted to radical prostatectomy, with their respective diagnostic biopsies. Based on the pathological stage pT2 or pT3, the specimens were separated into two groups, each one with 20 specimens. The results were confronted with pre- and postoperative clinical data. Between the groups studied, the following was also analyzed: the profile of the expression of molecular markers such as PSA, E-caderin, chromogranin-A, synaptofisin, P53 and Ki-67, both in the material coming from the prostatic biopsy and from the surgical specimens of all patients. RESULTS Data showed that patients with prostate-confined disease (pT2) presented lower PSA and Gleason score rates, in relation to the group with extra-prostatic disease (pT3). Quantitative measures obtained for the percentage of positive fragments from the biopsy revealed that patients from the pT2 group presented a lower mean percentage when compared to the pT3 group. Positive margins of both groups influenced the need for complementary treatment before biochemical progression. The comparison of the molecular marker expression in both stages was not significantly different. CONCLUSION It is evident the need to improve new methods, predominantly morphologic and molecular, that are able to further exploit the study of the material from the prostatic biopsy. As to the profile of the molecular markers used in both studied groups, there was no significant difference in the sense of outlining an additional prognostic factor in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Almeida
- Urologic Clinic of Armed Forces Hospital, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Pathological Anatomy - LIB/Biopsy, School of Medicine, University of Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
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