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Kostov K, Blazhev A. Elevated IgG and IgM Autoantibodies to Advanced Glycation End Products of Vascular Elastin in Hypertensive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Relevance to Disease Initiation and Progression. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:426-434. [PMID: 35997390 PMCID: PMC9396981 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased glycation of elastin is an important factor in vascular changes in diabetes. Using the ELISA method, we determined serum levels of IgM and IgG autoantibodies to advanced glycation end products of vascular elastin (anti-AGE EL IgM and anti-AGE EL IgG) in 59 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 20 healthy controls. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and the C-reactive protein (CRP) were also determined. The levels of anti-AGE EL IgM antibodies in the T2D group were similar to those in the control group, while those of anti-AGE EL IgG antibodies were significantly higher (p = 0.017). Significant positive correlations were found between the levels of anti-AGE EL IgM antibodies and MMP-2 (r = 0.322; p = 0.013) and between the levels of anti-AGE EL IgG antibodies and CRP (r = 0.265; p = 0.042). Our study showed that elevated anti-AGE EL IgG antibody levels may be an indicator of the enhanced AGE-modification and inflammatory-mediated destruction of vascular elastin in hypertensive patients with T2D. Anti-AGE EL IgM antibodies may reflect changes in vascular MMP-2 activity, and their elevated levels may be a sign of early vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krasimir Kostov
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University-Pleven, 1 Kliment Ohridski Str., 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +359-889-257-459
| | - Alexander Blazhev
- Department of Biology, Medical University-Pleven, 1 Kliment Ohridski Str., 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
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Cesar ASM, Regitano LCA, Koltes JE, Fritz-Waters ER, Lanna DPD, Gasparin G, Mourão GB, Oliveira PSN, Reecy JM, Coutinho LL. Putative regulatory factors associated with intramuscular fat content. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128350. [PMID: 26042666 PMCID: PMC4456163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is related to insulin resistance, which is an important prediction factor for disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity and type 2 diabetes in human. At the same time, it is an economically important trait, which influences the sensorial and nutritional value of meat. The deposition of IMF is influenced by many factors such as sex, age, nutrition, and genetics. In this study Nellore steers (Bos taurus indicus subspecies) were used to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in IMF content. This was accomplished by identifying differentially expressed genes (DEG), biological pathways and putative regulatory factors. Animals included in this study had extreme genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) for IMF. RNA-seq analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and co-expression network methods, such as partial correlation coefficient with information theory (PCIT), regulatory impact factor (RIF) and phenotypic impact factor (PIF) were utilized to better understand intramuscular adipogenesis. A total of 16,101 genes were analyzed in both groups (high (H) and low (L) GEBV) and 77 DEG (FDR 10%) were identified between the two groups. Pathway Studio software identified 13 significantly over-represented pathways, functional classes and small molecule signaling pathways within the DEG list. PCIT analyses identified genes with a difference in the number of gene-gene correlations between H and L group and detected putative regulatory factors involved in IMF content. Candidate genes identified by PCIT include: ANKRD26, HOXC5 and PPAPDC2. RIF and PIF analyses identified several candidate genes: GLI2 and IGF2 (RIF1), MPC1 and UBL5 (RIF2) and a host of small RNAs, including miR-1281 (PIF). These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie fat content and energy balance in muscle and provide important information for the production of healthier beef for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline S. M. Cesar
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418–900, Brazil
| | | | - James E. Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, United States of America
| | - Eric R. Fritz-Waters
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, United States of America
| | - Dante P. D. Lanna
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418–900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Gasparin
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418–900, Brazil
| | - Gerson B. Mourão
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418–900, Brazil
| | - Priscila S. N. Oliveira
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565–905, Brazil
| | - James M. Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, United States of America
| | - Luiz L. Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418–900, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Louraki M, Karayianni C, Kanaka-Gantenbein C, Katsalouli M, Karavanaki K. Peripheral neuropathy in children with type 1 diabetes. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2012; 38:281-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Greene CM, Low TB, O'Neill SJ, McElvaney NG. Anti-proline-glycine-proline or antielastin autoantibodies are not evident in chronic inflammatory lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 181:31-5. [PMID: 19762563 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200904-0545oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE In patients with chronic inflammatory lung disease, pulmonary proteases can generate neoantigens from elastin and collagen with the potential to fuel autoreactive immune responses. Antielastin peptide antibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of tobacco-smoke-induced emphysema. Collagen-derived peptides may also play a role. OBJECTIVES To determine whether autoantibodies directed against elastin- and collagen-derived peptides are present in plasma from three groups of patients with chronic inflammatory lung disease compared with a nonsmoking healthy control group and to identify whether autoimmune responses to these peptides may be an important component of the disease process in these patients. METHODS A total of 124 patients or healthy control subjects were recruited for the study (Z-A1AT deficiency, n = 20; cystic fibrosis, n = 40; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n = 31; healthy control, n = 33). C-reactive protein, IL-32, and antinuclear antibodies were quantified. Antielastin and anti-N-acetylated-proline-glycine-proline autoantibodies were measured by reverse ELISA. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS All patients were deemed stable and noninfective on the basis of the absence of clinical or radiographic evidence of recent infection. There were no significant differences in the levels of autoantibodies or IL-32 in the patients groups compared with the healthy control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Antielastin or anti-N-acetylated proline-glycine-proline autoantibodies are not evident in chronic inflammatory lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Greene
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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Feghali-Bostwick CA, Gadgil AS, Otterbein LE, Pilewski JM, Stoner MW, Csizmadia E, Zhang Y, Sciurba FC, Duncan SR. Autoantibodies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177:156-63. [PMID: 17975205 PMCID: PMC2204079 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200701-014oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2006] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Adaptive immune responses are present in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it has been postulated that these processes could be autoreactive. OBJECTIVES To ascertain if humoral autoimmunity could play a role in COPD pathogenesis. METHODS Circulating IgG autoantibodies were detected by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate intrapulmonary IgG and complement (C3) deposition in human lung explants. Autoantibody pathogenicity was also investigated with an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The prevalence of anti-HEp-2 epithelial cell autoantibodies in 47 smokers/former smokers with COPD (GOLD stages 1-4) was greater than among 8 subjects with a smoking history but normal spirometry and 21 healthy control subjects who had never smoked (68 vs. 13 vs. 10%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Antibodies against primary pulmonary epithelial cells were found in 12 of 12 patients with COPD versus 3 of 12 never-smoked control subjects (P < 0.001). Self-antigens immunoprecipitated from 34 of 35 (97%) of COPD plasmas (vs. 0/12 never-smoked controls). Antibodies against a particular 130-kD autoantigen (n = 7) were associated with decreased body mass index (23.2 +/- 2.1 vs. 29.5 +/- 1.0 kg/m(2), P = 0.007). Intrapulmonary immune complexes were present in six of six and C3 was seen in five of six COPD lung explants, unlike zero of six and one of six normals, respectively. Cytotoxicity of pulmonary epithelial cells by allogeneic mononuclear cells also increased 46% after incubation with COPD plasmas (n = 10), compared with identical treatments with eight normal specimens (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS IgG autoantibodies with avidity for pulmonary epithelium, and the potential to mediate cytotoxicity, are prevalent in patients with COPD. Autoreactive adaptive immune responses may be important in the etiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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