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Asami J, Quevedo BV, Santos AR, Giorno LP, Komatsu D, de Rezende Duek EA. The impact of non-deproteinization on physicochemical and biological properties of natural rubber latex for biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126782. [PMID: 37690638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Latex is a colloidal suspension derived from the Hevea brasiliensis tree, derived from natural rubber, poly(isoprene), and assorted constituents including proteins and phospholipids. These constituents are inherent to both natural rubber and latex serum. This investigation was undertaken to examine the impact of the deproteinization process on chemical and biological dynamics of natural rubber latex. Natural Rubber (NR) extracted from the pure latex (LNCP) was obtained through centrifugation, followed by six rounds of solvent purification (LP6). The structure was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), swelling test, surface zeta potential (ζ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in vitro assay. The results revealed that the LP6 group presented decreased swelling kinetics, reduced cell adhesion and proliferation, and a smoother surface with decreased negative surface charge. Conversely, the LNCP group shown accelerated swelling, heightened adhesion and cellular growth, and a more negatively charged and rougher surface. As such, the attributes of latex serum and proteins have potential usage across numerous biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Asami
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty (FEM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Biomaterials, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health (FCMS), Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna V Quevedo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health (FCMS), Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Materials Sciences (PPGCM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo R Santos
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pastena Giorno
- Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Komatsu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health (FCMS), Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana Aparecida de Rezende Duek
- Mechanical Engineering Faculty (FEM), State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Biomaterials, Faculty of Medical Sciences and Health (FCMS), Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Materials Sciences (PPGCM), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
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Gurdán Z, Turzó K, Lőrinc L, Szabó P, Karádi K, Lukács A, Told R, Kardos K, Maróti P. Mechanical Characterization and Structural Analysis of Latex-Containing and Latex-Free Intermaxillary Orthodontic Elastics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4488. [PMID: 36365482 PMCID: PMC9654203 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Class II malocclusion is one of the most common dental anomalies and the use of intermaxillary elastomers is the standard method in its treatment. However, orthodontic elastics cannot exert continuous force over a period of time due to force degradation. Our goal was to mechanically characterize the different types of elastomers during static and cyclic loads, based on uniform methodology and examine the morphological changes after loading. Ten types of latex-containing and four latex-free intermaxillary elastics were examined from six different manufacturers. To determine the mechanical characteristics of the elastomers, tensile tests, cyclical tensile fatigue tests and 24 h relaxation tests were performed, and the elastics were also subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Regardless of the manufacturer, the latex-containing elastomers did not show significant differences in the percentage of elongation at break during the tensile test. Only one type of latex-containing elastomer did not tear during the 24 h cyclical fatigue test. Fatigue was confirmed by electron microscopy images, and the pulling force reduced significantly. During the force relaxation test, only one latex-free ligature was torn; the force degradation was between 7.8% and 20.3% for latex ligatures and between 29.6% and 40.1% for latex-free elastomers. The results showed that dynamic loading was more damaging to ligatures than static loading, latex-containing elastomers were more resistant than latex-free elastics, and which observation could have clinical consequences or a potential effect on patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gurdán
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Tüzér Str. 1., H-7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kinga Turzó
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Tüzér Str. 1., H-7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Laura Lőrinc
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Tüzér Str. 1., H-7623 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Szabó
- Environmental Analytical and Geoanalytical Research Group, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 20, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Karádi
- Department of Biophysics, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Lukács
- Department of Biophysics, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Roland Told
- 3D Printing and Visualisation Centre, University of Pécs, Boszorkány Str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kinga Kardos
- 3D Printing and Visualisation Centre, University of Pécs, Boszorkány Str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Maróti
- 3D Printing and Visualisation Centre, University of Pécs, Boszorkány Str. 2, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Medical Simulation Education Centre, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
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The Effects of Zinc-Containing Mouthwashes on the Force Degradation of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains: An In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:3557317. [PMID: 35531573 PMCID: PMC9076336 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3557317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate and compare the force degradation of two types of elastomeric chains following different periods of immersion in zinc-containing mouthwashes. Materials and Methods Four hundred and forty pieces of Elasto-Force and Super Elasto-Force elastomeric chains were divided into two control and eight experimental groups. The pieces were stretched to 25 mm on pins mounted on an acrylic block and stored in distilled water at 37°C. The experimental groups were immersed in four different types of mouthwash for one minute twice a day throughout the test period. Ten continuous thermocycles per day between cold and hot water baths (5–55°C) were carried out. Forces were measured at six-time intervals (initial, 24 hours, 1, 3, 6, and 8 weeks). The mean force was calculated and compared among different elastomeric chains, mouthwashes, and times using the t-test and one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's HSD test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results Both types of elastomeric chains had significant force degradation over time (74–79% at 8 weeks). The Super Elasto-Force generated a higher force level than the Elasto-Force elastomeric chain at all time points. SmartMouth Clinical DDS mouthwash had a significantly lower effect on force degradation than other mouthwashes with no significant difference compared to control groups. Conclusions Depending on these results: there is no clinically significant difference between both types of elastomeric chains, although Super Elasto-Force delivered a higher force level. The pH of the mouthwashes could play a role in force degradation over time, rather than other ingredients including zinc. The SmartMouth mouthwash had the minimum effect on force degradation of elastomeric chains, followed by Halita, Listerine Total Care Zero, and Breath Rx, respectively.
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In vitro study of structural and mechanical properties of latex and non-latex intermaxillary orthodontic elastics. J Orofac Orthop 2022; 84:111-122. [PMID: 35441842 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-022-00395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated bacterial endotoxin adhesion, superficial micromorphology and mechanical properties of latex and non-latex intermaxillary orthodontic elastics. METHODS To quantify the adhered bacterial endotoxin, elastics were divided into 5 groups: experimental (n = 12) latex and non-latex elastics, previously contaminated by an endotoxin solution, negative control (n = 6) latex and non-latex elastics without contamination, and positive control (n = 6) stainless steel specimens (metallic replicas), contaminated by an endotoxin solution. In parallel, the structural micromorphology (n = 6) and surface roughness of latex and non-latex intermaxillary orthodontic elastics were assessed using confocal laser microscopy. Force degradation (g) and deformation of the internal diameter change (mm) were also evaluated. Structural micromorphology, surface roughness (µm), force degradation (g) and internal diameter (mm) change were evaluated at time 0 and after 24 and 72 h in a deformation test. Data were analyzed by the Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 5%). RESULTS Endotoxin adhered similarly to both types of elastics with scores of 3 (> 1.0 EU/mL). The surface microstructure of both types of elastics showed irregularities and porosities at all times. Initially, the latex elastics had a higher surface roughness (p < 0.001) than the non-latex ones. After 24 h loading, surface roughness of the latex elastics was significantly reduced (p < 0.001), while after 72 h, the values were similar for both types (p > 0.05). The non-latex elastics had significantly higher force generation values (p < 0.05) at 0, 24 and 72 h compared with the latex elastics, although there was a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in force over time for both elastics. Despite similar initial values, non-latex elastics had a significantly larger internal diameter (p < 0.001) after the loading periods of 24 and 72 h compared with the latex elastics. CONCLUSION Both elastics showed high affinity with endotoxin and microstructural irregularities of their surface. The non-latex elastics generated higher force values but demonstrated greater deformation of the internal diameter after loading.
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Silva Chaves-Filho ACD, Costa AR, Borges LPS, Santos ECA, Crepaldi MV, Vedovello SAS, Correr AB, Correr-Sobrinho L. Force Degradation of Elastomeric Chains after Storage Time and Mechanical Brushing. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:55-61. [PMID: 34787251 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202104487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the force decrease of different elastomeric chains after different times: initial, 10 minutes, 1 day, 28 days and after mechanical brushing. Twenty orthodontic elastomeric chains segments were utilized for each commercial brand. Initially, the elastomeric chain of 15mm long were immediate stretched up to 20 mm in an Instron and the force was measured in gf. After all specimens were placed stretched on rectangular acrylic jigs with distance of 20 mm, immersed in deionized water at 37oC for 10 minutes and the force (gf) was measured again. Five test measurements of remaining force were made at the following time intervals: initial, 10 minutes, 1 day, 28 days and mechanical brushing. After 28 days, the acrylic plates with the specimens were adapted in the mechanical brushing machines (MSCT 3) and the elastomeric chains were submitted to mechanical brushing and the force (gf) measure again. The force (gf) was submitted to mixed-model ANOVA and Sidak post-hoc test (α=0.05). A statistically significant reduction in the force was found for all orthodontic elastomeric chain types after 1 day, 28 days and mechanical brushing (p<0.05). Morelli and 3M Unitek elastomeric chains showed significantly higher force than Abzil and GAC (p<0.05) after 1 day, 28 days and mechanical brushing. In conclusion, the force delivered by all elastomeric chains decayed rapidly over time. Morelli and 3M Unitek elastomeric chains consistently had a significantly greater force after mechanic brushing, while GAC the lowest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Rosa Costa
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics - UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lincoln Pires Sousa Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cesar Almada Santos
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontic Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Américo Bortolazzo Correr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Influence of Mouthwash Rinsing on the Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Ligature Ties Used for Dental Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142236. [PMID: 34300994 PMCID: PMC8309248 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouthwashes are used during dental treatments to mitigate the complications caused by poor oral hygiene. However, these solutions also affect the properties of dental appliances, including those used in orthodontics. This point has been investigated in this study focusing on the changes in mechanical properties of polymeric orthodontic ligature ties. Commercial ties from four brands were characterized in terms of their maximum forces and displacement, delivery forces, molecular structures, and microscopic morphology. These properties were compared against the ties, which were rinsed with commercial mouthwashes from three manufacturers. The results showed that mouthwash rinsing significantly reduced the maximum bearable forces of ligature ties by up to 73.1%, whereas the reduction in their maximum displacement was up to 74.5% across all tested brands. Significant changes in microscopic morphology of ligature ties were observed after mouthwash rinsing, but not their molecular structure. Furthermore, mouthwash rinsing also reduced the delivery forces from ligature ties by between 20.9 and 32.9% at their first deformation cycle. It can be concluded from this study that mouthwashes have significant impact on the mechanical properties of polymeric orthodontic ligature ties and could also potentially affect the overall efficacy of orthodontic and other dental treatments.
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Yang L, Lv C, Yan F, Feng J. Force degradation of orthodontic latex elastics analyzed in vivo and in vitro. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 157:313-319. [PMID: 32115109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of force degradation of latex elastics of 10 kinds of elastics over 48 hours, both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS For the in vivo study, 10 different kinds of elastics were randomly chosen for investigation: 1/8-inch (2 oz); 1/8-inch (3.5 oz); 3/16-inch (2 oz); 3/16-inch (3.5 oz); 1/4-inch (2 oz); 1/4-inch (3.5 oz); 5/16-inch (2 oz); 5/16-inch (3.5 oz); 3/8-inch (2 oz); and 3/8-inch (3.5 oz). Ten volunteers (aged 22-24 years) were selected to wear personalized clear retainers, which were made to hold the elastics in the mouth and stretched to a specific length. Control samples of 1/4-inch (2 oz) and 1/4-inch (3.5 oz) latex elastics were stretched to the same length and held in dry air conditions (temperature = 25°C) and in artificial saliva (temperature = 37°C, pH = 6.7). Force value and percentage of force degradation were estimated 10 times over a 48-hour period in both the in vivo and in vitro groups. A 1-way ANOVA and t test were used to identify statistical significance (P <0.05). RESULTS The force degradation of the latex elastic in vivo is greater than in vitro. In the in vivo groups, during the first hour, the extension rate of all elastics decreased sharply about 13.16%-18.79%, then the rate of force degradation declined. The degradation of initial force was about 29.35%-39.94% after 48 hours. The extension range of 2.0-oz elastics reduced less than that of the 3.5-oz elastics in vivo. At the same time, with the same initial force, elastics with larger inner diameters decreased more slowly than the smaller elastics (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS The force degradation of latex elastic in vivo is much greater than that in both air and artificial saliva. In vivo, the force value of the orthodontic latex elastics decreased sharply in the first hour. The larger the inner diameter and smaller the setting force value were, the slower the force decay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxing Lv
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Feng
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Notaroberto DFDC, Martins MME, Goldner MTDA, Mendes ADM, Quintão CCA. Force decay evaluation of latex and non-latex orthodontic intraoral elastics: in vivo study. Dental Press J Orthod 2019; 23:42-47. [PMID: 30672984 PMCID: PMC6340202 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.23.6.042-047.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This clinical study was conducted in order to evaluate force decay over time of latex and non-latex orthodontic intraoral elastics. Methods: Patients (n = 15) were evaluated using latex and non-latex elastics in the periods of : 0, 1, 3, 12 and 24 hours. The rubber bands were transferred to the testing machine (EMIC DL-500 MF), and force values were recorded after stretching the elastic to a length of 25mm. Paired t test was applied and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the variation of force generated. LSD (Fisher’s least significant difference) post-hoc test was thus employed. Results: As regards the initial forces (zero time), the values of force for non-latex elastic were slightly higher than for the latex elastic. In the subsequent times, the forces generated by the latex elastic showed higher values. Regarding the material degradation, at the end of 24 hours the highest percentage was observed for non-latex elastic. Conclusions: The latex elastics had a more stable behavior during the studied period, compared with non-latex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ferreira de Carvalho Notaroberto
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Comunitária (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Mariana Martins E Martins
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Disciplina de Ortodontia (Niterói/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Maria Teresa de Andrade Goldner
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Comunitária, Disciplina de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Alvaro de Moraes Mendes
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Comunitária, Disciplina de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
| | - Cátia Cardoso Abdo Quintão
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Comunitária, Disciplina de Ortodontia (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil)
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Behnaz M, Dalaie K, Hosseinpour S, Namvar F, Kazemi L. The effect of toothpastes with bleaching agents on the force decay of elastomeric orthodontic chains. Eur J Dent 2017; 11:427-431. [PMID: 29279666 PMCID: PMC5727725 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_83_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of agents available in whitening toothpastes (Crest® and Sensodyne®) in vitro on the force decay of elastomeric chains used in orthodontics. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 specimens of elastomeric chains were divided into five groups (n = 60) and were evaluated. These groups included (1) the regular Crest® toothpaste and distilled water solution, (2) whitening Crest® toothpaste and distilled water solution, (3) regular Sensodyne® toothpaste and distilled water solution, (4) whitening Sensodyne® toothpaste and distilled water solution, and (5) distilled water as a control group. The samples' force was measured using Instron at intervals of 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: At the initial time point, the difference in the force values of elastomeric chain between any of the groups was not significant (P > 0.05). On the 1st day, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between all groups except the groups of whitening Crest®, regular, and whitening Sensodyne® (P > 0.05). On days 7, 14, and 28, the rate of decline for all groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results obtained in the present study, it seems that toothpastes without whitening agents have less effect on force decay of elastomeric chain over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Behnaz
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Dalaie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepanta Hosseinpour
- DDS, MPH, Research Fellow, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Namvar
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ajami S, Farjood A, Zare M. Synergic effect of salivary pH baselines and low pH intakes on the force relaxation of orthodontic latex elastics. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2017; 14:68-72. [PMID: 28348621 PMCID: PMC5356392 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.201129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Latex elastics are still in common use due to their low cost and high flexibility to improve sagittal discrepancies or interdigitation of teeth. Mechanical properties of elastics are influenced by several environmental factors such as pH changes. This study evaluated similar latex elastics to define the influence of synergic effect of intermittent low pH and various baselines pH of saliva. Materials and Methods: Four groups of latex elastics (3-M Unitek, 3/16 inch) were tested (n = 15 in each group). Two groups of elastics were immersed in two tanks of artificial saliva with different pH levels of 7 and 5, and two groups were immersed in two tanks of artificial saliva with intermittent drop of pH to 4. The force was measured when the elastics were stretched to 25 mm. These measurements were taken in 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h for each group. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey's test were used to assess the findings. The level of significance was 0.05%. Results: The interaction between pH and time analyzed with RMANOVA showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) except in 36 h (P = 0.014). The Tukey's analysis showed that each comparison between any two groups did not indicate significant differences (P > 0.05) except between Groups 1 and 3 and between Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: No significant correlation was seen between fluctuation of pH and force degradation in latex elastic band except in 36 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Ajami
- Department of Orthodontics, Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Farjood
- Department of Orthodontics, Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahbubeh Zare
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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dos Santos RL, Pithon MM, Carvalho FG, Ramos AADS, Romanos MTV. Mechanical and biological properties of acrylic resins manipulated and polished by different methods. Braz Dent J 2015; 24:492-7. [PMID: 24474291 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201302293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of the manipulation technique and polishing method on the flexural strength and cytotoxicity of acrylic resins. Two manipulation techniques and three polishing methods were used in the fabrication of acrylic plates that were divided into 6 groups (n=10). Groups MM, MC and MW: mass technique with mechanical polishing, chemical polishing and without polishing, respectively; and Groups SM, SC and SW: Saturation technique with mechanical polishing, chemical polishing and without polishing, respectively). Flexural strength was tested in a universal testing machine and the cytotoxicity assay used cell cultures (L-929) for periods of 24 h to 168 h. Flexural strength and cytotoxicity data were assessed using two-way and three-way ANOVA, respectively (α=0.05), followed by post hoc Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons. The effect of combinations of manipulation techniques and polishing methods on flexural strength showed significant differences only between Group SC and Groups MW, MM and MC (p<0.01). Cell viability ranged from 51% (3.9%) to 87,6% (3.2) in the 24-h time interval, and from 87.8% (5.0) to 95.7% (3.1%) in the 168-h time interval. With the increase of cell viability, from the third day (72 h), there was no significant difference among the groups, except between MM and SC (p<0.01) at 72 h. In conclusion, the manipulation technique and polishing method had more influence on the cytotoxicity than on flexural strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Lacerda dos Santos
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, UFCG - Federal University of Campina Grande, PatosPB, Brazil
| | - Matheus Melo Pithon
- Department of Orthodontics, UESB - State University of Southwest Bahia, JequiéBA, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Galbiatti Carvalho
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, UFCG - Federal University of Campina Grande, PatosPB, Brazil
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Pithon MM, Mendes JL, da Silva CA, Lacerda Dos Santos R, Coqueiro RDS. Force decay of latex and non-latex intermaxillary elastics: a clinical study. Eur J Orthod 2015; 38:39-43. [PMID: 25740601 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Melo Pithon
- *Department of Health I, Southwest Bahia State University - UESB, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil,
| | - Jéssica Lima Mendes
- **Department of Health and Technology Rural, Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Camila Anselmo da Silva
- **Department of Health and Technology Rural, Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rogério Lacerda Dos Santos
- **Department of Health and Technology Rural, Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil
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PITHON MM, BARRETTO JR, ANDRADE CSS, NOVAES FPD, LUZ MDN, ANDRADE ACDVD, COQUEIRO RDS. Do alcoholic beverages interfere in the force of orthodontic elastics? REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/rou.2014.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of different alcoholic beverages on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics. Material and method: In a laboratory study, 6 groups of alcoholic beverages were tested. Control group (Group 1) was composed of distilled water. Experimental groups were Whisky (Group 2), Brandy (Group 3), Vodka (Group 4), Beer (Group 5), Sugar Cane Spirit/Rum (Group 6), Wine (Group 7). In the experimental groups, templates were used to enable elastics to be submerged in the alcoholic beverages for 30 seconds once a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer in six different time intervals: baseline, 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Result: There were no significant differences between the treatments in the time intervals: baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days. There were statistical differences between Group 7 and the others in the first 24 hours, and between Group 1 and the others after 21 days. After 28 days, there were no significant differences in the force pattern among all groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Alcoholic beverages had no influence on the decline in force of the chain elastics.
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Pithon MM, Rodrigues AC, Sousa ELSM, Santos LPDS, Soares NDS. Do mouthwashes with and without bleaching agents degrade the force of elastomeric chains? Angle Orthod 2013; 83:712-717. [PMID: 23311601 PMCID: PMC8754043 DOI: 10.2319/081012-646.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate, in vitro, the effect of mouthwashes with and without bleaching agents on the force of elastomeric chains. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 108 elastomeric chain specimens was divided into six groups (n = 18 in each group). Two test groups were exposed to two types of commonly used mouthwashes (Plax and Listerine), and two groups were exposed to mouthwashes containing bleaching agent (Plax Whitening and Listerine Whitening). Immersion in the solutions was performed twice a day for 60 seconds. One group of control specimens remained immersed in artificial saliva throughout the entire experimental period, and the other control specimens were exposed to distilled water. Force measurements were performed at six time intervals (initial, 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days). RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the initial period (P > .05). Statistically significant differences were found between the control group and the Plax, Plax Whitening, and Listerine groups at the time intervals of 7, 14, and 21 days. In the initial period, the force was statistically significantly higher than it was in any of the other experimental periods (P < .05). The control group with distilled water and the test group with Plax Whitening maintained the most force during the experimental period. CONCLUSION The presence of bleaching agent has no influence on the force degradation of elastomeric chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Melo Pithon
- Southwest Bahia State University, Department of Health, Jequié, Bahia, Brazil.
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Leão Filho JCB, Gallo DB, Santana RM, Guariza-Filho O, Camargo ES, Tanaka OM. Influence of different beverages on the force degradation of intermaxillary elastics: an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 21:145-9. [PMID: 23739862 PMCID: PMC3881875 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757201302256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effects of frequently ingested beverages on force degradation of intermaxillary elastics. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and eighty 1/4-inch intermaxillary elastics (TP Orthodontics) were immersed into six different beverages: (1) Coca-Cola®; (2) Beer; (3) Orange juice; (4) Red wine; (5) Coffee and (6) artificial saliva (control). The period of immersion was 15 min for the first and second cycles and 30 min for the third to fifth cycles. Tensile forces were read in a tensile testing machine before and after the five immersion cycles. One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to identify significant differences. RESULTS Force degradation was seen in all evaluated groups and at all observation periods (p<0.05). A greater degree of degradation was present at the initial periods, decreasing gradually over time. However, no statistically significant differences were seen among groups at the same periods, showing that different groups behaved similarly. CONCLUSION The chemical nature of the evaluated beverages was not able to influence the degree of force degradation at all observation periods.
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