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de Almeida K, Câmara P, Camargo G, Pereira T, Vieira A, Lopes-Cendes I, Severino P, Souto EB, Pascoal A, Pascoal V. Identification of microRNAs expressed in an animal model of periodontal disease and their impact on pathological processes. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102525. [PMID: 39178577 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs represent a class of small RNAs that act to silence genes post-transcriptionally by inhibiting the translation of target messenger RNAs, and this study aimed to understand how miRNAs influence the set-up of periodontal disease. Periodontitis was induced by inserting a ligature into the left first mandibular molar in a rat model, which was kept for the entire 56 days-time of experiment. After 56 days post-periodontitis induction, the histopathological analysis showed an apical extension of the junctional epithelium, with areas of hyperplasia, exocytosis, and a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with a predominance of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eventual plasma cells in the deeper layers. The cement surface showed areas of irregularity, covered by cementoblasts and irregular surfaces, confirming the set-up of periodontitis. In the sequencing analysis, 26,404 genes were identified, with 132 reaching statistical significance. Among genes with a statistical difference, 18 were found to encode for microRNAs. The identified microRNAs are primarily involved in bone remodeling by acting on fibroblast growth factors, and collagen production. These outcomes demonstrate a signaling role in bone resorption, which is consistent with the histopathological observations that show the installation of inflammation with epithelial migration and the beginning of the repair process, with cementum resorption. The disclosure of how miRNAs may influence the maintaining of periodontal disease will help the development of new dental materials for the prophylaxis and treatment of alveolar bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly de Almeida
- Department of Basic Sciences, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Câmara
- Department of Basic Sciences, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Camargo
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Fluminense Federal University Nova Friburgo, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tiago Pereira
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Biotechnological Postgraduate Program, Tiradentes University, Aracaju, Sergipe 49010-390, Brazil
| | - Eliana B Souto
- UCD School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Belfield D04 V1W8, Ireland.
| | - Aislan Pascoal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Pascoal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
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AbdelKawy M, Tarrad NAF, Shaker OG, Hassan S. Expression of microRNA-223 and microRNA-214 in gingival crevicular fluid of smoker and nonsmoker periodontitis patients, an observational diagnostic accuracy study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:480. [PMID: 39126506 PMCID: PMC11316690 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05844-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease that affects a wide range of populations. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. miRNAs are now considered potential diagnostic markers for many inflammatory diseases. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the expression of microRNA-223(miRNA-223) and microRNA-214 (miRNA-214) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of smoker and nonsmoker with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective study among 42 participants: 14 healthy controls, 14 nonsmoker periodontitis participants, and 14 smokers with periodontitis. Eligibility criteria for inclusion were consecutive adults, aged 20-60 years, with stage III periodontitis grade B/C and no systemic diseases. All consenting participants had gingival crevicular fluid samples collected after diagnosis to assess miRNA-214 and -223 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS ROC curve analyses for the non-smoker periodontitis group showed that miR-214 as a predictor in comparison to miR-223 had higher sensitivity [92.86%-64.29%], same specificity [100%], and a significantly higher area under the curve [0.974-0.796] respectively (p = 0.036). As for the smoker periodontitis group, a ROC curve with miR-214 as predictor in comparison to miR-223 had higher sensitivity [100%-71.43%], same specificity [100%], and a non-significantly higher area under the curve [1-0.872], respectively (p = 0.059). CONCLUSION Both miRNA-214 and 223 are reliable potential diagnostic markers for periodontitis, with miRNA-214 being more accurate for smokers with periodontitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both miRNA-214 and 223 could be considered for potential chair-side diagnostics, by simply collecting GCF detecting the disease in its first steps and aid in preventing unrepairable damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha AbdelKawy
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | | | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sandy Hassan
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Cairo, Egypt
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Cosín-Villanueva M, Almiñana-Pastor PJ, García-Giménez JL, López-Roldán A. Study of microRNAs in Gingival Crevicular Fluid as Periodontal Diseases Biomarkers: Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8274. [PMID: 39125843 PMCID: PMC11311819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this review was to identify the microRNAs (miRNAs) present in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) that can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontal diseases, and to determine which of them has a higher diagnostic yield for periodontitis. METHODS The review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines (reference number CRD42024544648). The Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for clinical studies conducted in humans investigating periodontal diseases and miRNAs in GCF. The methodological quality of the articles was measured with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS A total of 3222 references were identified in the initial literature search, and 16 articles were finally included in the review. The design of the studies was heterogeneous, which prevented a meta-analysis of the data. Most of the studies compared miRNA expression levels between patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. The most widely researched miRNA in periodontal diseases was miR-200b-3p and miR-146a. CONCLUSIONS the miRNAs most studied are miR-146a, miR-200b, miR-223, miR-23a, and miR-203, and all of them except miR-203 have an acceptable diagnostic plausibility for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cosín-Villanueva
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-V.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Pedro J. Almiñana-Pastor
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-V.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Jose Luis García-Giménez
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, CIBERER-ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés López-Roldán
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.C.-V.); (A.L.-R.)
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Ma X, Wang Q, Xu X, Zhang W, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Wang X, Man C. miR-214-PTEN pathway is a potential mechanism for stress-induced immunosuppression affecting chicken immune response to avian influenza virus vaccine. Virology 2024; 595:110094. [PMID: 38692133 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Stress-induced immunosuppression (SIIS) is one of common problems in the intensive poultry industry, affecting the effect of vaccine immunization and leading to high incidences of diseases. In this study, the expression characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of miR-214 in the processes of SIIS and its influence on the immune response to avian influenza virus (AIV) vaccine in chicken were explored. The qRT-PCR results showed that serum circulating miR-214 was significantly differentially expressed (especially on 2, 5, and 28 days post immunization (dpi)) in the processes, so had the potential as a molecular marker. MiR-214 expressions from multiple tissues were closely associated with the changes in circulating miR-214 expression levels. MiR-214-PTEN regulatory network was a potential key regulatory mechanism for the heart, bursa of Fabricius, and glandular stomach to participate in the process of SIIS affecting AIV immune response. This study can provide references for further understanding of stress affecting immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Qiuyuan Wang
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Yi Jiang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Xiangnan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Chaolai Man
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
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Agnihotri R, Gaur S, Bhat SG. Role of microRNAs in Diabetes-Associated Periodontitis: A Scoping Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2024; 14:180-191. [PMID: 39055291 PMCID: PMC11268527 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_3_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder, exhibits a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis (PD), and recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were associated with their progression. This review aims to assess the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of DM-associated PD and their plausible application as a biomarker for PD in individuals with DM. Materials and Methods The search conducted until September 2023 on Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science using the keywords "microRNA," "miRNA," or "miR," combined with "Diabetes" and "PD" yielded 100 articles. Only research focusing on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of DM-associated PD and their potential application as biomarkers for both conditions were included. Finally, 14 studies were assessed for any bias, and the collected data included study design, sample size, participant groups, age, sample obtained, PD severity, miRNAs examined, clinical and biochemical parameters related to DM and PD, and primary outcomes. Results In vivo studies indicated altered expression of miRNAs-146a, -146b, -155, -200b, -203, and -223, specifically in the comorbid subjects with both conditions. Animal, ex vivo, and in vitro studies demonstrated altered expression of miRNAs-126, -147, -31, -25-3p, -508-3p, -214, 124-3p, -221, -222, and the SIRT6-miR-216/217 axis. These miRNAs impact innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and insulin sensitivity, thereby promoting periodontal destruction in DM. miRNA-146a emerges as a reliable biomarker of PD in DM, whereas miRNA-155 is a consistent predictor of PD in subjects without DM. Conclusions miRNAs exert influence on immuno-inflammation in DM-associated PD. Although they can be biomarkers of PD and DM, their clinical utility is hindered by the absence of standardized tests to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, there has been limited exploration of the role of miRNAs in DM-associated PD through human studies. Future clinical trials are warranted to address this gap, focusing on standardizing sample collection, miRNA sources, and detection methods. This approach will enable the identification of specific miRNAs for DM-associated PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Agnihotri
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumit Gaur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Subraya Giliyar Bhat
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Mukherjee S, Chopra A, Karmakar S, Bhat SG. Periodontitis increases the risk of gastrointestinal dysfunction: an update on the plausible pathogenic molecular mechanisms. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-31. [PMID: 38602474 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2339260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an immuno-inflammatory disease of the soft tissues surrounding the teeth. Periodontitis is linked to many communicable and non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancers. The oral-systemic link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases is attributed to the spread of inflammation, microbial products and microbes to distant organ systems. Oral bacteria reach the gut via swallowed saliva, whereby they induce gut dysbiosis and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Some periodontal pathogens like Porphyromonas. gingivalis, Klebsiella, Helicobacter. Pylori, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Parvimonas micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus, Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetomcommitans and Streptococcus mutans can withstand the unfavorable acidic, survive in the gut and result in gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis increases gut inflammation, and induce dysplastic changes that lead to gut dysfunction. Various studies have linked oral bacteria, and oral-gut axis to various GIT disorders like inflammatory bowel disease, liver diseases, hepatocellular and pancreatic ductal carcinoma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Although the correlation between periodontitis and GIT disorders is well established, the intricate molecular mechanisms by which oral microflora induce these changes have not been discussed extensively. This review comprehensively discusses the intricate and unique molecular and immunological mechanisms by which periodontal pathogens can induce gut dysbiosis and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Mukherjee
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi Chopra
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shaswata Karmakar
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Subraya Giliyar Bhat
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Periodontology, College of Dental Surgery, Iman Abdulrahman Bin Faizal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Tastan Eroglu Z, Ozkan Sen D, Oncu E. Association of Peri-Implant Keratinized Mucosa Width and Mucosal Thickness with Early Bone Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1936. [PMID: 38610701 PMCID: PMC11012309 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13071936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of keratinized mucosa width (KMW) and mucosal thickness (MT) around dental implants on marginal bone loss (MBL). The evaluation was performed one year after loading by comparing clinical, radiographic, and biochemical parameters. Methods: The study included 87 implants in 87 patients undergoing regular follow-ups without hard or soft tissue augmentation one year after loading. Clinical measurements included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), KMW, and MT. MBL was assessed with periapical radiography. The peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) was analyzed for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and microRNA-27a. Results: The MBL of implants with thin MT (<2 mm) was higher than that of implants with thick MT (≥2 mm) (p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation (r: -0.217) was established between MT and MBL. No significant association was found between KMW and MBL (p > 0.05). No significant associations was found between KMW and MT with TNF-α, RANKL, OPG and RANKL/OPG (p > 0.05), with the exception of increased microRNA-27a levels in implants with KMW ≥ 2 mm (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Implants with a thick MT had a lower MBL. There may be an association between adequate KMW and high miRNA-27a levels. The relationship between MBL and miRNA-27a remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Tastan Eroglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Beyşehir Caddesi, Bağlarbaşı Sk., 42090 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Dilek Ozkan Sen
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Beyşehir Caddesi, Bağlarbaşı Sk., 42090 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Elif Oncu
- Panoroma Ankara Private Oral and Dental Health Clinic, 06510 Ankara, Turkey;
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Rodriguez NM, Loren P, Paez I, Martínez C, Chaparro A, Salazar LA. MicroRNAs: The Missing Link between Hypertension and Periodontitis? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1992. [PMID: 38396672 PMCID: PMC10889313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and arterial hypertension is a recognized cardiovascular risk factor that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Arterial hypertension is the result of an inflammatory process that results in the remodeling and thickening of the vascular walls, which is associated with an immunological response. Previous studies have attempted to demonstrate the relationship between oral disease, inflammation, and the development of systemic diseases. Currently, the existence of an association between periodontitis and hypertension is a controversial issue because the underlying pathophysiological processes and inflammatory mechanisms common to both diseases are unknown. This is due to the fact that periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the interface of teeth and surrounding tissues. However, the most likely explanation for understanding this association is related to low-grade chronic inflammation. An initial path in the study of the relationship between the mentioned pathologies is the possibility of an epigenetic influence, mediated by noncoding RNAs as microRNAs. Thus, in the present review we describe the role of microRNAs related to arterial hypertension and/or periodontitis. In addition, we identified 13 common microRNAs between periodontitis and hypertension. According to the predictions of the DIANA-mirPath program, they can regulate genes involved in 52 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelia M Rodriguez
- Doctoral Program in Sciences, Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pía Loren
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Isis Paez
- Doctoral Program in Sciences, Major in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Constanza Martínez
- Department of Oral Pathology and Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Alejandra Chaparro
- Department of Oral Pathology and Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
- Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Luis A Salazar
- Center for Molecular Biology & Pharmacogenetics, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Bandi DP, Sudhakar U, Parthasarathy H, Rajamani SR, Krishnaswamy B. Expression dynamics of microRNA-223/Ras-associated binding protein 12 axis in Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease: A case-control analysis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2024; 28:99-105. [PMID: 38988960 PMCID: PMC11232797 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_179_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The intricate interplay between periodontal polymicrobial flora and an altered immune response is the central cause of periodontal disease. Multiple cell death methods and their interactions, along with the associated signaling pathways, significantly impact the initiation and advancement of periodontitis. Our speculation revolves around the role of the miR-223/Ras-associated binding protein (RAB12) signaling axis in regulating autophagy-induced pyroptosis, contributing to the pathophysiology of periodontitis. Thus, this study aimed to investigate miR-223 and RAB12 expression patterns in Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease. Materials and Methods The study included 50 healthy individuals and 50 patients diagnosed with Stage III/Grade B periodontal disease. Clinical parameters were cataloged for each participant. miRNA-223 underwent an in silico analysis to identify its potential target genes. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from the subjects for real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the expression of both miR-223 and the RAB12 gene. Results The miRTargetLink2.0 analysis highlighted the RAB12 gene as a prime target for miR-223. In periodontal disease patients, miR-223 and RAB12 gene expressions significantly increased (15.21 and 34.70-fold changes, respectively; P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested that miR-223 is a potential biomarker for periodontal disease, with 76% diagnostic accuracy and an area under the curve of 0.777 (P < 0.01). Conclusion MicroRNA-223 and its target gene RAB12 exhibit high expression levels in GCF samples from individuals with periodontal disease. This suggests modulation of autophagy and the signaling mechanism for pyroptotic cell death in periodontal tissues during pathogenesis. Consequently, the miR-223/RAB12 axis might represent a plausible link for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhathri Priya Bandi
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Sudhakar
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harinath Parthasarathy
- Department of Periodontology, S.R.M. Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Snophia Rani Rajamani
- Department of Periodontology, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramanian Krishnaswamy
- Former Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Guzeldemir-Akcakanat E, Sunnetci-Akkoyunlu D, Balta-Uysal VM, Özer T, Işik EB, Cine N. Differentially expressed miRNAs associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:7. [PMID: 38123758 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate miRNA expression profiles in individuals with periodontitis which is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the integrity of the periodontal attachment. miRNAs play a crucial role in gene regulation through various mechanisms, making them potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for various diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 individuals with aggressive periodontitis and 25 controls were included in the study. Gingival tissues were collected for miRNA isolation and cDNA synthesis. miRNAs associated with periodontitis, including hsa-miR-185-5p, hsa-miR-17, hs-miR-146a, hs-miR-146b, hs-miR-155, hs-miR-203, hs-miR-205, hs-miR-223, and hsa-miR-21-3p, were analyzed using a combination of miRTarBase database analysis and literature mining was performed. Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression patterns of the target miRNAs, and the data were analyzed using the REST program. RESULTS The study revealed upregulated expression levels of hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-203b-5p, hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-146b-5p, and hsa-miR-155-5p in individuals with periodontitis. Conversely, downregulated expression was observed for hsa-miR-185-5p, hsa-miR-21-3p, and hsa-miR-17-3p. CONCLUSION The findings suggest significant differences in the expression of specific miRNAs associated with inflammation in periodontitis. MZB1 acts as a hormone-regulated adipokine/pro-inflammatory cytokine, driving chronic inflammation and influencing cellular expansion. Predominantly expressed in marginal zone and B1 B cells, specialized subsets that respond rapidly to infections, MZB1 impacts immune protein synthesis and immune cell maturation, notably targeting microRNA-185 to potentially impede T cell development. Further research is needed to elucidate the functional significance and potential implications of these miRNAs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE miRNAs regulate the expression of target genes by finely tuning protein expression levels. The current findings provide compelling evidence of notable variations in the expression levels of specific miRNAs associated with inflammation in individuals affected by periodontitis; hence, miRNAs hold promise as potential therapeutic targets for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Guzeldemir-Akcakanat
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, 41190 Basiskele, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | | | - V Merve Balta-Uysal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli University, 41190 Basiskele, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tolgahan Özer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Elif Büşra Işik
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Naci Cine
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Zhang Z, Wang P, Zheng Y, Wang M, Chou J, Wang Z. Exosomal microRNA-223 from neutrophil-like cells inhibits osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1315-1325. [PMID: 37715968 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Neutrophils-derived exosomes have been shown to cause tissue inflammation in many diseases, but their role in periodontitis, a neutrophil-mediated disease, is unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes on osteogenic dysfunction of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in periodontitis. METHODS Neutrophil-like cells were derived from HL-60 cells by dimethylsulfoxide stimulation. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoflow cytometry and western blot. MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. Western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and alizarin red staining were conducted to assess whether exosomes could affect the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. The expression of miR-223 was inhibited in PDLSCs by transfecting with miR-223 inhibitor. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) expression was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We found that miR-223 was significantly increased in neutrophils and neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes. Treatment with exosomes derived from neutrophil-like cells upregulated miR-223 expression and inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, while transfection with miR-223 inhibitor significantly promoted PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation. In addition, co-treatment with KT5823, a cGMP-PKG pathway inhibitor, markedly abrogated the rescue effects of miR-223 inhibitor on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that neutrophil-like cells derived exosomes might inhibit osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs by transporting miR-223 and regulating the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiashu Chou
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Zheng L, Chopra A, Weiner J, Beule D, Dommisch H, Schaefer AS. miRNAs from Inflamed Gingiva Link Gene Signaling to Increased MET Expression. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1488-1497. [PMID: 37822091 PMCID: PMC10683346 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231197984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Several array-based microRNA (miRNA) expression studies independently showed increased expression of miRNAs hsa-miR-130a-3p, -142-3p, -144-3p, -144-5p, -223-3p, -17-5p, and -30e-5p in gingiva affected by periodontal inflammation. We aimed to determine direct target genes and signaling pathways regulated by these miRNAs to identify processes relevant to gingival inflammatory responses and tissue homeostasis. We transfected miRNA mimics (mirVana) for each of the 7 miRNAs separately into human primary gingival fibroblasts cultured from 3 different donors. Following RNA sequencing, differential gene expression and second-generation gene set enrichment analyses were performed. miRNA inhibition and upregulation was validated at the transcript and protein levels using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and reporter gene assays. All 7 miRNAs significantly increased expression of the gene MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET). Expression of known periodontitis risk genes CPEB1, ABCA1, and ATP6V1C1 was significantly repressed by hsa-miR-130a-3p, -144-3p, and -144-5p, respectively. The genes WASL, ENPP5, ARL6IP1, and IDH1 showed the most significant and strongest downregulation after hsa-miR-142-3p, -17-5p, -223-3p, and -30e-5p transfection, respectively. The most significantly regulated gene set of each miRNA related to cell cycle (hsa-miRNA-144-3p and -5p [Padj = 4 × 10-40 and Padj = 4 × 10-6], -miR-17-5p [Padj = 9.5 × 10-23], -miR-30e-5p [Padj = 8.2 × 10-18], -miR-130a-3p [Padj = 5 × 10-15]), integrin cell surface interaction (-miR-223-3p [Padj = 2.4 × 10-7]), and interferon signaling (-miR-142-3p [Padj = 5 × 10-11]). At the end of acute inflammation, gingival miRNAs bring together complex regulatory networks that lead to increased expression of the gene MET. This underscores the importance of mesenchymal cell migration and invasion during gingival tissue remodeling and proliferation in restoring periodontal tissue homeostasis after active inflammation. MET, a receptor of the mitogenic hepatocyte growth factor fibroblast secreted, is a core gene of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Zheng
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Chopra
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Weiner
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - H. Dommisch
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - A. S. Schaefer
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Charité–University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Almiñana-Pastor PJ, Alpiste-Illueca FM, Micó-Martinez P, García-Giménez JL, García-López E, López-Roldán A. MicroRNAs in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: An Observational Case-Control Study of Differential Expression in Periodontitis. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:73. [PMID: 37987369 PMCID: PMC10660715 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9060073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES microRNAs (miRNAs) present in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with chronic periodontitis may serve as biomarkers of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to perform a miRNA-sequencing study of all miRNAs present in GCF, comparing miRNA expression level profiles between advanced chronic periodontitis (CP) patients and healthy subjects (HS). MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF samples were collected from the single-rooted teeth of patients with severe CP (n = 11) and of HS (n = 12). miRNAs were isolated from GCF using an miRNeasy Serum/Plasma kit(Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expression levels of miRNA candidates involved in periodontal pathogenesis. RESULTS Of all the sequenced miRNAs, miR-199, miR-146a, miR-30a, and miR-338 were identified as best representing the CP patient samples. The validation study identified miR-199 as the most powerful biomarker used to define periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Upon sequencing all known miRNAs in GCF for the first time, we uncovered several potential biomarkers to define periodontitis. Identifying miRNAS in the GCF using high-throughput approaches will clarify the role of these molecules in periodontitis and provide biomarkers with potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Almiñana-Pastor
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.A.-P.); (F.M.A.-I.); (P.M.-M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Francisco M. Alpiste-Illueca
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.A.-P.); (F.M.A.-I.); (P.M.-M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Pablo Micó-Martinez
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.A.-P.); (F.M.A.-I.); (P.M.-M.); (A.L.-R.)
| | - Jose Luis García-Giménez
- Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, CIBERER-ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Eva García-López
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Andrés López-Roldán
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (P.J.A.-P.); (F.M.A.-I.); (P.M.-M.); (A.L.-R.)
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14
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Yamaguchi A, Tsuruya Y, Igarashi K, Jin Z, Yamazaki-Takai M, Takai H, Nakayama Y, Ogata Y. Changes in the components of salivary exosomes due to initial periodontal therapy. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2023; 53:347-361. [PMID: 36919005 PMCID: PMC10627739 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2203700185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Exosomes are membrane vesicles that are present in body fluids and contain proteins, lipids, and microRNA (miRNA). Periodontal tissue examinations assess the degree of periodontal tissue destruction according to the probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing, and X-ray examinations. However, the accurate evaluation of the prognosis of periodontitis is limited. In this study, we collected saliva from patients before and after initial periodontal therapy (IPT) and compared changes in the clinical parameters of periodontitis with changes in the components of salivary exosomes. METHODS Saliva was collected from patients with stage III and IV periodontitis at the first visit and post-IPT. Exosomes were purified from the saliva, and total protein and RNA were extracted. Changes in expression levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, HSP70, and 6 kinds of miRNA were analyzed by western blots and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Patients with increased C6 expression after IPT had significantly higher levels of periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), miR-142, and miR-144 before and after IPT than patients with decreased C6 expression after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged CD81 expression after IPT showed significantly higher PD, CAL, and PISA before IPT than after IPT. Patients with decreased and unchanged TSG101 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD before IPT than after IPT. Patients with increased HSP70 expression after IPT had significantly higher PD and PISA before and after IPT than patients with unchanged HSP70 after IPT. The expression levels of miR-142, miR-144, miR-200b, and miR-223 changed with changes in the levels of C6, CD81, TSG101, and HSP70 in the salivary exosomes of periodontitis patients before and after IPT. CONCLUSIONS The expression levels of proteins and miRNAs in salivary exosomes significantly changed after IPT in periodontitis patients, suggesting that the components of exosomes could serve as biomarkers for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuto Tsuruya
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuma Igarashi
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Zhenyu Jin
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mizuho Yamazaki-Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Nakayama
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yorimasa Ogata
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan.
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15
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Yu SL. Diagnostic potential of miR-200 family members in gingival crevicular fluid for chronic periodontitis: correlation with clinical parameters and therapeutic implications. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:532. [PMID: 37525201 PMCID: PMC10391752 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of miR-200 family members in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) as diagnostic biomarkers for chronic periodontitis (CP), aiming to provide valuable insights for the early detection and management of the disease. METHODS GSE89081 dataset profiled miRNAs in GCF derived from 5 healthy and 5 periodontitis was analyzed by GEO2R. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to quantify the expression levels of miR-200 family members (miR-200a-3p, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-200c-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-141-5p, and miR-429) in the GCF samples from 103 CP patients and 113 healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic potential of miR-200 family members in differentiating CP patients from healthy controls. RESULTS By analyzing the GSE89081 dataset, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-5p and miR-200c-5p were significantly upregulated in GCF of the CP patients compared to the healthy control. In this study, miR-200a-3p, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200c-3p, miR-200c-5p were significantly increased in GCF of CP patients compared to the healthy control, while miR-141 and miR-429 did not show significant differences. MiR-200a, -200b and 200c had good diagnostic value, and when these miRNAs were combined, they demonstrated excellent diagnostic value for CP with an AUC of 0.997, sensitivity of 99.03%, and specificity of 98.23%. MiR-200a, -200b and 200c in GCF showed significant and positive correlation with plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing pocket depth (PPD). CONCLUSION MiR-200a, -200b and 200c in GCF may serve as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CP, which was correlated with clinical parameters, being therapeutic targets for CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Yu
- HangZhou Dental Hospital, HangZhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Identification of a miRNA Panel with a Potential Determinant Role in Patients Suffering from Periodontitis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2248-2265. [PMID: 36975515 PMCID: PMC10047163 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of microRNA (miRNA) in post-transcriptional gene regulation has advanced and supports strong evidence related to their important role in the regulation of a wide range of fundamental biological processes. Our study focuses on identifying specific alterations of miRNA patterns in periodontitis compared with healthy subjects. In the present study, we mapped the major miRNAs altered in patients with periodontitis (n = 3) compared with healthy subjects (n = 5), using microarray technology followed by a validation step by qRT-PCR and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. Compared to healthy subjects, 159 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified among periodontitis patients, of which 89 were downregulated, and 70 were upregulated, considering a fold change of ±1.5 as the cut-off value and p ≤ 0.05. Key angiogenic miRNAs (miR-191-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-224-5p, miR-1228-3p) were further validated on a separate cohort of patients with periodontitis versus healthy controls by qRT-PCR, confirming the microarray data. Our findings indicate a periodontitis-specific miRNA expression pattern representing an essential issue for testing new potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for periodontal disease. The identified miRNA profile in periodontal gingival tissue was linked to angiogenesis, with an important molecular mechanism that orchestrates cell fate.
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17
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Öngöz Dede F, Gökmenoğlu C, Türkmen E, Bozkurt Doğan Ş, Ayhan BS, Yildirim K. Six miRNA expressions in the saliva of smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:195-203. [PMID: 36495003 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been stated that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in development, homeostasis, and immune functions, and abnormal miRNA expression may cause faster disease progression. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, miR-155, and miR-29b gene expressions in the saliva of smokers and non-smokers with the periodontal disease before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). METHODS A total of 90 individuals, 30 with periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis, and 30 periodontally healthy (control group), were included. These three groups were divided into subgroups as smoking and non-smoking individuals, with 15 people in each group. NSPT was applied to patients with periodontitis and gingivitis. Saliva samples and clinical parameters were obtained at baseline and repeated 6 weeks after NSPT. RESULTS Saliva miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, and miR-155 gene expressions were significantly upregulated in patients with periodontal disease compared to the control group both in smokers and non-smokers, and also these miRNAs' gene expressions were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the gingivitis group at baseline (p < .05). A significant increase in saliva miR-142-3p expression was detected in all groups of smokers compared to non-smokers (p < .05). Although there was a decrease in salivary miRNAs gene expressions with the treatment, it was not statistically significant (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that salivary miR-146a, miR-146b, miR142-3p, miR-155, and miR-203 gene expressions increased with the progression of periodontal disease, but unchanged after periodontal treatment. Moreover, smoking may contribute to an increase in the levels of salivary miR-142-3p in the periodontal health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Öngöz Dede
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Ceren Gökmenoğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Emrah Türkmen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Bozkurt Doğan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burhanettin Sertaç Ayhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Anadolu University, Health Sciences Institute, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Yildirim
- Karadeniz Advanced Technology Research and Application Center, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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18
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Deka Dey A, Yousefiasl S, Kumar A, Dabbagh Moghaddam F, Rahimmanesh I, Samandari M, Jamwal S, Maleki A, Mohammadi A, Rabiee N, Cláudia Paiva‐Santos A, Tamayol A, Sharifi E, Makvandi P. miRNA-encapsulated abiotic materials and biovectors for cutaneous and oral wound healing: Biogenesis, mechanisms, and delivery nanocarriers. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10343. [PMID: 36684081 PMCID: PMC9842058 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as therapeutic agents have attracted increasing interest in the past decade owing to their significant effectiveness in treating a wide array of ailments. These polymerases II-derived noncoding RNAs act through post-transcriptional controlling of different proteins and their allied pathways. Like other areas of medicine, researchers have utilized miRNAs for managing acute and chronic wounds. The increase in the number of patients suffering from either under-healing or over-healing wound demonstrates the limited efficacy of the current wound healing strategies and dictates the demands for simpler approaches with greater efficacy. Various miRNA can be designed to induce pathway beneficial for wound healing. However, the proper design of miRNA and its delivery system for wound healing applications are still challenging due to their limited stability and intracellular delivery. Therefore, new miRNAs are required to be identified and their delivery strategy needs to be optimized. In this review, we discuss the diverse roles of miRNAs in various stages of wound healing and provide an insight on the most recent findings in the nanotechnology and biomaterials field, which might offer opportunities for the development of new strategies for this chronic condition. We also highlight the advances in biomaterials and delivery systems, emphasizing their challenges and resolutions for miRNA-based wound healing. We further review various biovectors (e.g., adenovirus and lentivirus) and abiotic materials such as organic and inorganic nanomaterials, along with dendrimers and scaffolds, as the delivery systems for miRNA-based wound healing. Finally, challenges and opportunities for translation of miRNA-based strategies into clinical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satar Yousefiasl
- School of DentistryHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of PharmacyChitkara UniversityPunjabIndia
| | - Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100RomeItaly
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research CenterCardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | | | - Sumit Jamwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of PharmacyZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC)Zanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
- Cancer Research CentreShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of PhysicsSharif University of TechnologyTehranIran
- School of EngineeringMacquarie UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva‐Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical TechnologyFaculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Ali Tamayol
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials InterfacesPontederaItaly
- School of Chemistry, Damghan UniversityDamghanIran
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19
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Zhou J, Liu L, Wu P, Zhao L, Wu Y. Identification and characterization of non-coding RNA networks in infected macrophages revealing the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum-associated diseases. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:826. [PMID: 36513974 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND F. nucleatum, as an important periodontal pathogen, is not only closely associated with the development of periodontitis, but also implicated in systemic diseases. Macrophages may act as an important mediator in the pathogenic process of F. nucleatum infection. As non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have attracted extensive attention as important epigenetic regulatory mechanisms recently, we focus on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks to elucidate the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum-associated diseases. RESULTS We screen abnormally expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in macrophages after F. nucleatum infection via the whole transcriptome sequencing technology, including 375 mRNAs, 5 miRNAs, 64 lncRNAs, and 180 circRNAs. The accuracy of RNA-seq and microRNA-seq result was further verified by qRT-PCR analysis. GO and KEGG analysis show that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in MAPK pathway, Toll-like receptor pathway, NF-κB pathway and apoptosis. KEGG disease analysis reveals that they were closely involved in immune system diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) et al. We constructed the underlying lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks to understand their interaction based on the correlation analysis between the differentially expressed RNAs, and then screen the core non-coding RNAs. In which, AKT2 is controlled by hsa_circ_0078617, hsa_circ_0069227, hsa_circ_0084089, lncRNA NUP210, lncRNA ABCB9, lncRNA DIXDC1, lncRNA ATXN1 and lncRNA XLOC_237387 through miR-150-5p; hsa_circ_0001165, hsa_circ_0008460, hsa_circ_0001118, lncRNA XLOC_237387 and lncRNA ATXN1 were identified as the ceRNAs of hsa-miR-146a-3p and thereby indirectly modulating the expression of MITF. CONCLUSIONS Our data identified promising candidate ncRNAs responsible for regulating immune response in the F. nucleatum-associated diseases, offering new insights regarding the pathogenic mechanism of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yafei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Zhang Z, Wang M, Zheng Y, Dai Y, Chou J, Bian X, Wang P, Li C, Shen J. MicroRNA-223 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament derived cells by directly targeting growth factor receptors. Lab Invest 2022; 20:465. [PMID: 36221121 PMCID: PMC9552407 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) is accepted as a critical regulator of cell differentiation. However, whether microRNA-223 (miR-223) could affect the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL)-derived cells is still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms underlying the roles of miR-223 in the osteogenesis of PDL-derived cells in periodontitis. Methods Microarray analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to identify difference in miR-223 expression pattern between healthy and inflamed gingival tissue. The target genes of miR-223 were predicted based on Targetscan and selected for enrichment analyses based on Metascape database. The gain-and loss-of-function experiments were performed to discuss roles of miR-223 and growth factor receptor genes in osteogenic differentiation of PDL-derived cells. The target relationship between miR-223 and growth factor receptor genes was confirmed by a dual luciferase assay. Osteogenic differentiation of PDL-derived cells was assessed by Alizarin red staining, RT-PCR and western blot detection of osteogenic markers, including osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Results MiR-223 was significantly increased in inflamed gingival tissues and down-regulated in PDL-derived cells during osteogenesis. The expression of miR-223 in gingival tissues was positively correlated with the clinical parameters in periodontitis patients. Overexpression of miR-223 markedly inhibited PDL-derived cells osteogenesis, which was evidenced by reduced Alizarin red staining and osteogenic markers expressions. Furthermore, two growth factor receptor genes, including fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβR2), were revealed to be direct targets of miR-223 and shown to undergo up-regulation in PDL-derived cells during osteogenesis. Moreover, suppression of FGFR2 or TGFβR2 dramatically blocked PDL-derived cells osteogenic differentiation. Conclusions Our study provides novel evidence that miR-223 can be induced by periodontitis and acts as a negative regulator of PDL-derived cells osteogenesis by targeting two growth factor receptors (TGFβR2 and FGFR2). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03676-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Youli Zheng
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yanmei Dai
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Jiashu Chou
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Xiaowei Bian
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Changyi Li
- The School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Jing Shen
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, 300041, China.
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21
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Gabusi A, Gissi DB, Grillini S, Stefanini M, Tarsitano A, Marchetti C, Foschini MP, Montebugnoli L, Morandi L. Shared epigenetic alterations between oral cancer and periodontitis: a preliminary study. Oral Dis 2022. [PMID: 35567390 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently developed a non-invasive sampling procedure for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) detection based on DNA methylation analysis of a panel of 13 genes. Oral cancer, as well as acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, may influence the methylation level of several genes in the oral cavity. In the present study, we evaluated the presence of periodontal disease(PD) and the methylation status using our 13-gene panel. METHODS Oral brushing specimens were collected from three different patient groups: 23 gingival OSCC patients, 15 patients affected by PD, and 15 healthy volunteers lacking evidence of PD. DNA methylation analysis was performed and each sample was determined to be positive or negative based on a predefined cut-off value. RESULTS Positive results were found for 23/23 OSCC patients, 3/15 PD patients and 0/15 samples from healthy volunteers. The GP1BB and MIR193 genes in the PD group exhibited mean methylation levels similar to OSCC patients. ZAP70 showed different methylation levels among three groups. CONCLUSION Preliminary data identified shared epigenetic alterations between PD and OSCC patients in two inflammatory genes(GP1BB and MIR193). This study may help identify potential links between the two diseases and serve as a starting point for future research focused on pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gabusi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide B Gissi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Grillini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Stefanini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Achille Tarsitano
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.,Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgery Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
| | - Claudio Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.,Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgery Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
| | - Maria Pia Foschini
- Section of Anatomic Pathology at Bellaria Hospital, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Montebugnoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Morandi
- Functional MR Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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22
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Santos JMO, Peixoto da Silva S, Bastos MMSM, Oliveira PA, Gil da Costa RM, Medeiros R. Decoding the role of inflammation-related microRNAs in cancer cachexia: a study using HPV16-transgenic mice and in silico approaches. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:439-455. [PMID: 35298788 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00866-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients, and inflammation is one of its main drive factors. MicroRNAs have recently emerged as important players in cancer cachexia and are involved in reciprocal regulation networks with pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. We hypothesize that inflammation-driven cancer cachexia is regulated by specific microRNAs. The aim of this study is to explore the expression and role of inflammation-related microRNAs in muscle wasting. HPV16-transgenic mice develop systemic inflammation and muscle wasting and are a model for cancer cachexia. We employed gastrocnemius muscle samples from these mice to study the expression of microRNAs. Bioinformatic tools were then used to explore their potential role in muscle wasting. Among the microRNAs studied, miR-223-3p (p = 0.004), let-7b-5p (p = 0.034), miR-21a-5p (p = 0.034), miR-150-5p (p = 0.027), and miR-155-5p (p = 0.011) were significantly upregulated in muscles from cachectic mice. In silico analysis showed that these microRNAs participate in several processes related to muscle wasting, including muscle structure development and regulation of the MAPK pathway. When analyzing protein-protein interactions (PPI)-networks, two major clusters and the top 10 hubs were obtained. From the top 10, Kras (p = 0.050) and Ccdn1 (p = 0.009) were downregulated in cachectic muscles, as well as Map2k3 (p = 0.007). These results show that miR-223-3p, let-7b-5p, miR-21a-5p, miR-150-5p, and miR-155-5p, play a role in muscle wasting in HPV16 transgenic mice, possible through regulating the MAPK cascades. Future experimental studies are required to validate our in silico analysis, and to explore the usefulness of these microRNAs and MAPK signaling as new potential biomarkers or therapy targets for cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M O Santos
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Peixoto da Silva
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida M S M Bastos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rui M Gil da Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), and UFMA University Hospital (HUUFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP) / RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto) / Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
- Research Department of the Portuguese League Against Cancer - Regional Nucleus of the North (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro - Núcleo Regional do Norte), 4200-177, Porto, Portugal.
- Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
- Biomedical Research Center (CEBIMED), Faculty of Health Sciences of the Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal.
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23
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Scholtz B, Horváth J, Tar I, Kiss C, Márton IJ. Salivary miR-31-5p, miR-345-3p, and miR-424-3p Are Reliable Biomarkers in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11020229. [PMID: 35215172 PMCID: PMC8876825 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
If not detected early, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has very poor prognosis, emphasizing the need for reliable early diagnostics. Saliva is considered a promising surrogate biosample for OSCC detection, because it comes into contact with many cells of the tumor mass, providing a comprehensive sampling of tumor-specific biomolecules. Although several protein- and RNA-based salivary biomarkers have been proposed for the detection of OSCC, the results of the studies show large differences. Our goal was to clarify which salivary microRNAs (miRNA) show reliably high expression in the saliva of OSCC patients, to be used as cancer-specific biomarkers, and potentially as early diagnostic biomarkers. Based on a detailed literature search, we selected six miRNAs commonly overexpressed in OSCC, and analyzed their expression in saliva samples of cancer patients and controls by real-time quantitative PCR. Our results suggest that miR-345 and miR-31-5p are consistently upregulated salivary biomarkers for OSCC, and a three-miRNA panel of miR-345, miR-31-5p, and miR-424-3p can distinguish cancer and control patients with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Scholtz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-30-634-6065; Fax: +36-52-314-989
| | - József Horváth
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ildikó Tar
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Csongor Kiss
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ildikó J. Márton
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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24
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Micó-Martínez P, Almiñana-Pastor PJ, Alpiste-Illueca F, López-Roldán A. MicroRNAs and periodontal disease: a qualitative systematic review of human studies. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 51:386-397. [PMID: 34965618 PMCID: PMC8718333 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2007540377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic post-transcriptional regulators that modulate gene expression and have been identified as biomarkers for several diseases, including cancer. This study aimed to systematically review the relationship between miRNAs and periodontal disease in humans, and to evaluate the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of disease. Methods The review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines (reference number CRD42020180683). The MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and SciELO databases were searched for clinical studies conducted in humans investigating periodontal diseases and miRNAs. Expression levels of miRNAs across the different groups were analysed using the collected data. Results A total of 1,299 references were identified in the initial literature search, and 23 articles were finally included in the review. The study designs were heterogeneous, which prevented a meta-analysis of the data. Most of the studies compared miRNA expression levels between patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. The most widely researched miRNA in periodontal diseases was miR-146a. Most studies reported higher expression levels of miR-146a in patients with periodontitis than in healthy controls. In addition, many studies also focused on identifying target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs that were significantly related to periodontal inflammation. Conclusions The results of the studies that we analysed are promising, but diagnostic tests are needed to confirm the use of miRNAs as biomarkers to monitor and aid in the early diagnosis of periodontitis in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Micó-Martínez
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pedro J Almiñana-Pastor
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Alpiste-Illueca
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés López-Roldán
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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25
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Xia Y, Zhou K, Sun M, Shu R, Qian J, Xie Y. The miR-223-3p Regulates Pyroptosis Through NLRP3-Caspase 1-GSDMD Signal Axis in Periodontitis. Inflammation 2021; 44:2531-2542. [PMID: 34637033 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Salivary exosomes contain various components and may play important roles in oral diseases. The purpose of this study was to verify the possible function of miR-223-3p from salivary exosomes in periodontitis. We isolated the salivary exosomes and found that the miR-223-3p content of salivary exosomes from periodontitis was less than the healthy control. Furthermore, we performed dual-luciferase reporter assay and real-time PCR to verify that (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) was the target of miR-223-3p. When we knocked down the miR-223-3p expression in THP-1-derived macrophages, the expression of NLRP3 and the downstream inflammatory mediators interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 were upregulated. By using integrated bioinformatics analysis, we found that pyroptosis and cytokine secretion participated in inflammatory gingival tissues. In addition, NLRP3, and the pyroptosis executioner, gasdermin D (GSDMD) was highly active in inflammatory gingival tissues compared with healthy controls by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In summary, we speculated that miR-223-3p in salivary exosomes might regulate GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis by targeting NLRP3 in periodontitis. Detection of miR-223-3p expression in salivary exosomes could be used as an important non-invasive method to diagnose and evaluate the severity of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Xia
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 115 Jinzun Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Kecong Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 115 Jinzun Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Mengjun Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 115 Jinzun Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Rong Shu
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 115 Jinzun Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Jielei Qian
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Abstract
Periodontitis is a multi-etiologic infection characterized clinically by pathologic loss of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Herpesviruses and specific bacterial species are major periodontal pathogens that cooperate synergistically in producing severe periodontitis. Cellular immunity against herpesviruses and humoral immunity against bacteria are key periodontal host defenses. Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors are modifiers of periodontal disease severity. MicroRNAs are a class of noncoding, gene expression-based, posttranscriptional regulatory RNAs of great importance for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Aberrant expression of microRNAs has been associated with several medical diseases. Periodontal tissue cells and herpesviruses elaborate several microRNAs that are of current research interest. This review attempts to conceptualize the role of periodontal microRNAs in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The diagnostic potential of salivary microRNAs is also addressed. Employment of microRNA technology in periodontics represents an interesting new preventive and therapeutic possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jørgen Slots
- Department of Periodontology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California, USA
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27
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Fujimori K, Yoneda T, Tomofuji T, Ekuni D, Azuma T, Maruyama T, Sugiura Y, Morita M. Detection of Salivary miRNAs That Predict Chronic Periodontitis Progression: A Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158010. [PMID: 34360304 PMCID: PMC8345340 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this two-year cohort study was to investigate salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) that predict periodontitis progression. A total of 120 patients who underwent supportive periodontal therapy were recruited. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected at baseline. Two years later, 44 patients were followed up (median age, 67.1 years) and divided into two groups: progression group (n = 22), with one or more sites with clinical attachment level (CAL) progression (>3 mm compared with baseline) or tooth extraction due to periodontitis progression; and the control group (n = 22), which did not exhibit CAL progression. In the microarray analysis of salivary miRNAs, hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-4724-3p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-200a-3p, hsa-miR-28-5p, hsa-miR-320d, and hsa-miR-31-5p showed fold change values <0.5 or ≥2.0 in the progression group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, areas under the curves of hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d were >0.7, indicating fair discrimination power. The expressions of salivary hsa-miR-5571-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-99a-5p, hsa-miR-28-5p, and hsa-miR-320d were associated with periodontitis progression in patients with chronic periodontitis. These salivary miRNAs may be new biomarkers for progression of periodontitis, and monitoring them may contribute to new diagnostics and precision medicine for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fujimori
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.F.); (T.Y.); (D.E.); (T.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Toshiki Yoneda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.F.); (T.Y.); (D.E.); (T.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.F.); (T.Y.); (D.E.); (T.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Takayuki Maruyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.F.); (T.Y.); (D.E.); (T.M.); (Y.S.)
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Dental School, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sugiura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.F.); (T.Y.); (D.E.); (T.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (K.F.); (T.Y.); (D.E.); (T.M.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-6712; Fax: +81-86-235-6714
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28
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Hsieh PL, Huang CC, Yu CC. Emerging Role of MicroRNA-200 Family in Dentistry. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:35. [PMID: 34208375 PMCID: PMC8293310 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs ~22 nucleotides in length, which have been shown to participate in various biological processes. As one of the most researched miRNAs, the miR-200 family has been found to regulate several factors that are associated with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) behavior. In this review, we briefly summarize the background of the miR-200 family and their implication in various dental diseases. We focus on the expression changes, biological functions, and clinical significance of the miR-200 family in oral cancer; periodontitis; oral potentially malignant disorder; gingival overgrowth; and other periodontal diseases. Additionally, we discuss the use of the miR-200 family as molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostic, and therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Chung Huang
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Luan X, Zhou X, Fallah P, Pandya M, Lyu H, Foyle D, Burch D, Diekwisch TGH. MicroRNAs: Harbingers and shapers of periodontal inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:85-98. [PMID: 34120836 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory reaction of the periodontal tissues to oral pathogens. In the present review we discuss the intricate effects of a regulatory network of gene expression modulators, microRNAs (miRNAs), as they affect periodontal morphology, function and gene expression during periodontal disease. These miRNAs are small RNAs involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation and affect all stages of periodontal disease, from the earliest signs of gingivitis to the regulation of periodontal homeostasis and immunity and to the involvement in periodontal tissue destruction. MiRNAs coordinate periodontal disease progression not only directly but also through long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which have been demonstrated to act as endogenous sponges or decoys that regulate the expression and function of miRNAs, and which in turn suppress the targeting of mRNAs involved in the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. While the integrity of miRNA function is essential for periodontal health and immunity, miRNA sequence variations (genetic polymorphisms) contribute toward an enhanced risk for periodontal disease progression and severity. Several polymorphisms in miRNA genes have been linked to an increased risk of periodontitis, and among those, miR-146a, miR-196, and miR-499 polymorphisms have been identified as risk factors for periodontal disease. The role of miRNAs in periodontal disease progression is not limited to the host tissues but also extends to the viruses that reside in periodontal lesions, such as herpesviruses (human herpesvirus, HHV). In advanced periodontal lesions, HHV infections result in the release of cytokines from periodontal tissues and impair antibacterial immune mechanisms that promote bacterial overgrowth. In turn, controlling the exacerbation of periodontal disease by minimizing the effect of periodontal HHV in periodontal lesions may provide novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. In summary, this review highlights multiple levels of miRNA-mediated control of periodontal disease progression, (i) through their role in periodontal inflammation and the dysregulation of homeostasis, (ii) as a regulatory target of lncRNAs, (iii) by contributing toward periodontal disease susceptibility through miRNA polymorphism, and (iv) as periodontal microflora modulators via viral miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Luan
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 South Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Pooria Fallah
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Mirali Pandya
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Huling Lyu
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA; Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510140, China
| | - Deborah Foyle
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA
| | - Dan Burch
- Department of Pedodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Thomas G H Diekwisch
- Texas A&M Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis and Department of Periodontics, TAMU College of Dentistry, 75246 Dallas, TX USA.
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30
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Santonocito S, Polizzi A, Palazzo G, Isola G. The Emerging Role of microRNA in Periodontitis: Pathophysiology, Clinical Potential and Future Molecular Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5456. [PMID: 34064286 PMCID: PMC8196859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, it has been established that messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) transcription does not inevitably lead to protein translation, but there are numerous processes involved in post-transcriptional regulation, which is a continuously developing field of research. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs, which negatively regulate protein expression and are implicated in several physiological and pathological mechanisms. Aberrant expression of miRNAs triggers dysregulation of multiple cellular processes involved in innate and adaptive immune responses. For many years, it was thought that miRNAs acted only within the cell in which they were synthesised, but, recently, they have been found outside cells bound to lipids and proteins, or enclosed in extracellular vesicles, namely exosomes. They can circulate throughout the body, transferring information between cells and altering gene expression in the recipient cells, as they can fuse with and be internalised by the recipient cells. Numerous studies on miRNAs have been conducted in order to identify possible biomarkers that can be used in the diagnosis of periodontal disease. However, as therapeutic agents, single miRNAs can target several genes and influence multiple regulatory networks. The aim of this review was to examine the molecular role of miRNAs and exosomes in the pathophysiology of periodontal disease and to evaluate possible clinical and future implications for a personalised therapeutical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (S.S.); (A.P.); (G.P.)
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31
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Menini M, Dellepiane E, Pera F, Izzotti A, Baldi D, Delucchi F, Bagnasco F, Pesce P. MicroRNA in Implant Dentistry: From Basic Science to Clinical Application. Microrna 2021; 10:14-28. [PMID: 33970853 DOI: 10.2174/2211536610666210506123240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Specific microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been reported to be predictive of specific clinical outcomes of dental implants and might be used as biomarkers in implant dentistry with diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The aim of the present narrative review was to summarize current knowledge regarding the use of miRNAs in implant dentistry. The authors attempted to identify all available evidence on the topic and critically appraise it in order to lay the foundation for the development of further research oriented towards the clinical application of miRNAs in implant dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Menini
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Dellepiane
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Pera
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Baldi
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Delucchi
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bagnasco
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pesce
- Division of Fixed and Implant Prosthodontics, Department of Surgical Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Wang Q, Liu Y, Wu Y, Wen J, Man C. Immune function of miR-214 and its application prospects as molecular marker. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10924. [PMID: 33628646 PMCID: PMC7894119 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of evolutionary conserved non-coding small RNAs that play key regulatory roles at the post-transcriptional level. In recent years, studies have shown that miR-214 plays an important role in regulating several biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, tumorigenesis, inflammation and immunity, and it has become a hotspot in the miRNA field. In this review, the regulatory functions of miR-214 in the proliferation, differentiation and functional activities of immune-related cells, such as dendritic cells, T cells and NK cells, were briefly reviewed. Also, the mechanisms of miR-214 involved in tumor immunity, inflammatory regulation and antivirus were discussed. Finally, the value and application prospects of miR-214 as a molecular marker in inflammation and tumor related diseases were analyzed briefly. We hope it can provide reference for further study on the mechanism and application of miR-214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyuan Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiru Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Wen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
| | - Chaolai Man
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China
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33
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Yuan Y, Zhang H, Huang H. microRNAs in inflammatory alveolar bone defect: A review. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:219-225. [PMID: 33296525 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory alveolar bone defects are caused by periodontal pathogens, are one of the most common oral diseases in the clinic, and are characterized by periodontal support tissue damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can participate in a variety of inflammatory lesions and modulate bone metabolism through the posttranscriptional regulation of target genes. In recent years, studies have confirmed that some miRNAs play significant roles in the development of inflammatory alveolar bone defects. Therefore, we reviewed the correlation between miRNAs and inflammatory alveolar bone defects and elucidated the underlying mechanisms to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory alveolar bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yuan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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34
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Nik Mohamed Kamal NNS, Awang RAR, Mohamad S, Shahidan WNS. Plasma- and Saliva Exosome Profile Reveals a Distinct MicroRNA Signature in Chronic Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:587381. [PMID: 33329037 PMCID: PMC7733931 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.587381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an oral cavity disease arising from chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues. Exosomes are lipid vesicles that are enriched in specific microRNAs (miRNAs), potentially providing a disease-specific diagnostic signature. To assess the value of exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for CP, 8 plasma- and 8 salivary-exosomal miRNAs samples were profiled using Agilent platform (comparative study). From 2,549 probed miRNAs, 33 miRNAs were significantly down-regulated in CP as compared to healthy plasma samples. Whereas, 1,995 miRNAs (1,985 down-regulated and 10 up-regulated) were differentially expressed in the CP as compared to healthy saliva samples. hsa-miR-let-7d [FC = -26.76; AUC = 1; r = -0.728 [p-value = 0.04]), hsa-miR-126-3p (FC = -24.02; AUC = 1; r = -0.723 [p-value = 0.043]) and hsa-miR-199a-3p (FC = -22.94; AUC = 1; r = -0.731 [p-value = 0.039]) are worth to be furthered studied for plasma-exosomal samples. Meanwhile, for salivary-exosomal samples, hsa-miR-125a-3p (FC = 2.03; AUC = 1; r = 0.91 [p-value = 0.02]) is worth to be furthered studied. These miRNAs are the reliable candidates for the development of periodontitis biomarker, as they were significantly expressed differently between CP and healthy samples, have a good discriminatory value and strongly correlate with the mean of PPD. These findings highlight the potential of exosomal miRNAs profiling in the diagnosis from both sourced as well as provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raja Azman Raja Awang
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Suharni Mohamad
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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35
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Elazazy O, Amr K, Abd El Fattah A, Abouzaid M. Evaluation of serum and gingival crevicular fluid microRNA-223, microRNA-203 and microRNA-200b expression in chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetes type 2. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 121:104949. [PMID: 33157494 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
microRNA dysregulation is a reported feature of multiple pathologies, including periodontal disease, as demonstrated on cell lines, in animal models, and tissues biopsies, but serum and gingival crevicular fluid microRNA expression data in humans is scarce, especially with the diabetes (type 2) systemic complication. OBJECTIVE To assess serum and gingival crevicular fluid relative quantification levels of miR-223, miR-203, and miR-200b in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetic chronic periodontitis patients to address their possible implication in chronic periodontitis pathogenesis and its systemic complications and also to correlate their differential expression with some inflammatory (serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10) parameters. METHODS Sixty subjects were recruited and divided into three groups; chronic periodontitis (n = 20), type 2 diabetic chronic periodontitis (n = 20), and healthy control (n = 20). Both serum and gingival crevicular fluid were collected from each participant for miRNA expression analysis and serum inflammatory parameters assessment. RESULTS A significant increase in the relative quantification levels of miR-223 and miR-200b were detected in patient groups along with a positive correlation with tumor necrosis factor-α. However, miR-203 was significantly decreased in patient groups associated with a negative correlation with tumor necrosis factor-α. CONCLUSIONS miR-223 and miR-200b have a potential role in chronic periodontitis pathogenesis associated with type 2 diabetes, with the ability to induce tumor necrosis factor-α secretion, while miR-203 might have a protective and healing role due to the negative correlation with the serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels found. Therefore, they may be considered as a promising therapeutic target and effective serum disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Khalda Amr
- Department of Medical Molecular Genetics, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Abd El Fattah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Abouzaid
- Department of Orodental Genetics, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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36
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Gonçalves Fernandes J, Morford LA, Harrison PL, Kompotiati T, Huang H, Aukhil I, Wallet SM, Macchion Shaddox L. Dysregulation of genes and microRNAs in localized aggressive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1317-1325. [PMID: 32876337 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous data from our laboratory have demonstrated that localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) patients produce elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to TLR4 and TLR2 ligation compared to unrelated and periodontally healthy controls (HC). The aim of the present work is to evaluate the contribution of TLR-related gene expression and miRNA regulation in LAP disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from LAP and health control (HC) patients were isolated. Gene and miRNA expression involved in TLR signalling pathway and immunopathology were evaluated in unstimulated PBMCs by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS TICAM-1 (TRIF), FOS, IRAK1, TLR2 and CCL2 genes and the miRNAs miR-9-5p, miR-155-5p and 203a-3p, miR-147a, miR-182-5p and miR-183-5p were significantly up-regulated in LAP compared to HC. CONCLUSIONS Most of the genes and miRNAs overexpressed here are directly or indirectly related to immune response and inflammation. This profile supports our previous findings that suggests LAP patients have a "hyper-responsive" phenotype upon activation of TLR pathway by periodontal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussara Gonçalves Fernandes
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lorri Ann Morford
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Peter Lloyd Harrison
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Division of Periodontology, School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Theodora Kompotiati
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon Margaret Wallet
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of North Caroline, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Luciana Macchion Shaddox
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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37
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MiR-200b suppresses TNF-α-induced AMTN production in human gingival epithelial cells. Odontology 2020; 109:403-410. [PMID: 32980912 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Amelotin (AMTN) is an enamel protein that is localized in junctional epithelium (JE) of gingiva and suggested to be involved in the attachment between JE and tooth enamel. MicroRNA is a small non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression at post-transcriptional level by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs. In this study, we have analyzed the effects of miR-200b on the expression of AMTN in human gingival epithelial (Ca9-22) cells. Total RNAs and proteins were extracted from Ca9-22 cells transfected with miR-200b expression plasmid or miR-200b inhibitor and stimulated by TNF-α (10 ng/ml, 12 h). AMTN and inhibitor of kappa-B kinase beta (IKKβ) mRNA and protein levels were measured by qPCR and Western blot. Human AMTN 3'-UTR that contains putative miR-200b target sites were cloned downstream of -353AMTN luciferase (LUC) plasmid. Ca9-22 cells were transfected with -353AMTN 3'-UTR LUC constructs and miR-200b expression plasmid, and LUC activities were measured with or without stimulation by TNF-α. TNF-α-induced AMTN mRNA levels were partially inhibited by miR-200b overexpression and enhanced by miR-200b inhibitor. TNF-α-induced IKKβ mRNA and protein levels were almost completely inhibited by miR-200b. Transcriptional activities of -353AMTN 3'-UTR LUC constructs were induced by TNF-α and partially inhibited by miR-200b. IKKβ inhibitor IMD0354 and NF-κB inhibitor triptolide decreased TNF-α-induced LUC activities. Furthermore, both inhibitors reduced AMTN mRNA levels in the presence or absence of TNF-α. These results suggest that miR-200b suppresses AMTN expression by targeting to AMTN and IKKβ mRNAs in the human gingival epithelial cells.
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38
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Sewer A, Zanetti F, Iskandar AR, Guedj E, Dulize R, Peric D, Bornand D, Mathis C, Martin F, Ivanov NV, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. A meta-analysis of microRNAs expressed in human aerodigestive epithelial cultures and their role as potential biomarkers of exposure response to nicotine-containing products. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1282-1295. [PMID: 33014713 PMCID: PMC7522043 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of some microRNAs (miRNA) is modulated in response to cigarette smoke (CS), which is a leading cause of major preventable diseases. However, whether miRNA expression is also modulated by the aerosol/extract from potentially reduced-risk products is not well studied. The present work is a meta-analysis of 12 in vitro studies in human organotypic epithelial cultures of the aerodigestive tract (buccal, gingival, bronchial, nasal, and small airway epithelia). These studies compared the effects of exposure to aerosols from electronic vapor (e-vapor) products and heated tobacco products, and to extracts from Swedish snus products (in the present work, will be referred to as reduced-risk products [RRPs]) on miRNA expression with the effects of exposure to CS or its total particulate matter fraction. This meta-analysis evaluated 12 datasets of a total of 736 detected miRNAs and 2775 exposed culture inserts. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding method was used to find similarities across the diversity of miRNA responses characterized by tissue type, exposure type, and product concentration. The CS-induced changes in miRNA expression in gingival cultures were close to those in buccal cultures; similarly, the alterations in miRNA expression in small airway, bronchial, and nasal tissues resembled each other. A supervised clustering was performed to identify miRNAs exhibiting particular response patterns. The analysis identified a set of miRNAs whose expression was altered in specific tissues upon exposure to CS (e.g., miR-125b-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-99a-5p, and 146a-5p). Finally, we investigated the impact of RRPs on miRNA expression in relation to that of CS by calculating the response ratio r between the RRP- and CS-induced alterations at an individual miRNA level, showing reduced alterations in miRNA expression following RRP exposure relative to CS exposure (94 % relative reduction). No specific miRNA response pattern indicating exposure to aerosols from heated tobacco products and e-vapor products, or extracts from Swedish snus was identifiable.
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Key Words
- 2D, two-dimensional
- AKT, protein kinase B
- ALI, air-liquid interface
- CHTP 1.2, Carbon Heated Tobacco Product 1.2
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CRP, CORESTA Reference Product
- CS, cigarette smoke and its TPM fraction
- FDA, Food & Drug Administration
- FDR, false discovery rate
- GCW, General Classic White
- HCI, Health Canada intense
- HTP, heated tobacco product
- Heated tobacco product
- IL-1β, interleukin 1β
- MMP-1, matrix metalloproteinase 1
- N/A, not applicable
- Organotypic aerodigestive culture
- RRP, reduced-risk product
- Systems toxicology
- THS 2.2, Tobacco Heating System 2.2
- TPM, total particulate matter
- Tobacco Heating System 2.2
- e-vapor
- e-vapor, electronic vapor
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
- miRNA
- miRNA, microRNA
- t-SNE, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Sewer
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Zanetti
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Anita R Iskandar
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Remi Dulize
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Dariusz Peric
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - David Bornand
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Carole Mathis
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Martin
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Kaneda-Ikeda E, Iwata T, Mizuno N, Nagahara T, Kajiya M, Ouhara K, Yoshioka M, Ishida S, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Regulation of osteogenesis via miR-101-3p in mesenchymal stem cells by human gingival fibroblasts. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:442-455. [PMID: 31970478 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-019-01080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various types of cells and can thus be used for periodontal regenerative therapy. However, the mechanism of differentiation is still unclear. Transplanted MSCs are, via their transcription factors or microRNAs (miRNAs), affected by periodontal cells with direct contact or secretion of humoral factors. Therefore, transplanted MSCs are regulated by humoral factors from human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Moreover, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is secreted from HGF and regulates periodontal regeneration. To clarify the regulatory mechanism for MSC differentiation by humoral factors from HGF, we identified key genes, specifically miRNAs, involved in this process, and determined their function in MSC differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mesenchymal stem cells were indirectly co-cultured with HGF in osteogenic or growth conditions and then evaluated for osteogenesis, undifferentiated MSC markers, and characteristic miRNAs. MSCs had their miRNA expression levels adjusted or were challenged with IGF-1 during osteogenesis, or both of which were performed, and then, MSCs were evaluated for osteogenesis or undifferentiated MSC markers. RESULTS Mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with HGF showed suppression of osteogenesis and characteristic expression of ETV1, an undifferentiated MSC marker, as well as miR-101-3p. Over-expression of miR-101-3p regulated osteogenesis and ETV1 expression as well as indirect co-culture with HGF. IGF-1 induced miR-101-3p and ETV1 expression. However, IGF-1 did not suppress osteogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Humoral factors from HGF suppressed osteogenesis in MSCs. The effect was regulated by miRNAs and undifferentiated MSC markers. miR-101-3p and ETV1 were the key factors and were regulated by IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Minami Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shu Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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Expression of MicroRNAs in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114147. [PMID: 32532036 PMCID: PMC7312949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this review was to evaluate the expression patterns of miRNAs in periodontal and peri-implant diseases, while identifying potential miRNAs with the greatest diagnostic ability as an oral fluid biomarker. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human and animal studies were included when evaluating expression of miRNAs between health and different forms/stages of diseases, in which microarray and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out to detect fold changes in gene expression. After full-text analysis, 43 articles were considered for a qualitative assessment, and 16 miRNAs were selected to perform meta-analysis. RESULTS Based on human studies, results showed an overall upregulation of most of the evaluated miRNAs in periodontitis, with miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a being the most conclusive on both microarray and RT-PCR values and potentially serving as diagnostic biomarkers for disease activity. Conversely, miR-155 was the only miRNA revealing a statistically significant difference (SSD) (p < 0.05*) in experimental periodontitis models from RT-PCR values. Scarce scientific evidence is available from peri-implant diseases, however, most explored miRNAs in peri-implantitis were downregulated except for miR-145. CONCLUSIONS Although our results revealed that a distinct differential expression of specific miRNAs can be noted between the state of health and disease, future research remains necessary to explore the functional role of specific miRNAs and their potential as therapeutic targets in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. MeSH Terms: periodontitis, peri-implantitis, epigenomics, microarray analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, microRNAs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Scientific background: Although most research identified different expression levels of miRNAs in periodontal and peri-implant diseases compared to their counterparts, their actual role in the pathogenesis of these conditions remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the expression patterns of miRNAs in periodontitis and peri-implantitis, while identifying potential miRNAs with the greatest diagnostic ability as an oral fluid biomarker. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In periodontitis-related studies, miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a were the most conclusive on both microarray and RT-PCR values. Scarce scientific evidence is available from peri-implant diseases. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Both miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a might serve as future diagnostic biomarkers for disease activity in periodontitis. Yet, future research remains necessary to explore the functional role of specific miRNAs and their potential as therapeutic targets in periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
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Osteoclastogenesis in periodontal diseases: Possible mediators and mechanisms. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:123-130. [PMID: 32081710 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is the inflammation of the tooth-supporting structures and is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity. The outcome of periodontal infections is tooth loss due to a lack of alveolar bone support. Osteoclasts are giant, multi-nucleated, and bone-resorbing cells that are central for many osteolytic diseases, including periodontitis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) is the principal factor involved in osteoclast differentiation, activation, and survival. However, under pathological conditions, a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted by activated immune cells also contribute to osteoclast differentiation and activity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a vital component of the outer membrane of the Gram-negative bacteria. It binds to the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed in many cells and elicits an immune response. HIGHLIGHTS The presence of bacterial LPS in the periodontal area stimulates the secretion of RANKL as well as other inflammatory mediators, activating the process of osteoclastogenesis. RANKL, either independently or synergistically with LPS, can regulate osteoclastogenesis, while LPS alone cannot. MicroRNA, IL-22, M1/M2 macrophages, and memory B cells have recently been shown to modulate osteoclastogenesis in periodontal diseases. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize the mechanism of osteoclastogenesis accompanying periodontal diseases at the cellular level. We discuss a) the effects of LPS/TLR signaling and other cytokines on RANKL-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in osteoclastogenesis; b) the recently identified role of several endogenous factors such as miRNA, IL-22, M1/M2 macrophages, and memory B cells in regulating osteoclastogenesis during periodontal pathogenesis.
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Kaneda-Ikeda E, Iwata T, Mizuno N, Nagahara T, Kajiya M, Takeda K, Hirata R, Ishida S, Yoshioka M, Fujita T, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Periodontal ligament cells regulate osteogenesis via miR-299-5p in mesenchymal stem cells. Differentiation 2020; 112:47-57. [PMID: 31951879 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periodontal ligament contains periodontal ligament cells, which is a heterogeneous cell population, and includes progenitor cells that can differentiate into osteoblasts/cementoblasts. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various cells and can be used for periodontal regenerative therapy. Therefore, transplanted MSCs can be affected by humoral factors from periodontal ligament cells via the transcription factors or microRNAs (miRNAs) of MSCs. In addition, periostin (POSTN) is secreted from HPL cells and can regulate periodontal regeneration and homeostasis. To clarify the regulatory mechanism of humoral factors from periodontal ligament cells, we attempted to identify key genes, specifically microRNAs, involved in this process. METHODS Human MSCs (hMSCs) were indirectly co-cultured with human periodontal ligament cells (HPL cells) and then evaluated for osteogenesis, undifferentiated MSCs markers, and miRNA profiles. Furthermore, hMSCs were indirectly co-cultured with HPL cells in the presence of anti-POSTN monoclonal antibody (anti-POSTN Ab) to block the effect of POSTN from HPL cells, and then evaluated for osteogenesis or undifferentiated MSC markers. Moreover, hMSCs showed alterations in miRNA expression or cultured with HPL were challenged with POSTN during osteogenesis, and cells were evaluated for osteogenesis or undifferentiated MSC markers. RESULTS hMSCs co-cultured with HPL cells showed suppressed osteogenesis and characteristic expression of SOX11, an undifferentiated MSC marker, as well as miR-299-5p. Overexpression of miR-299-5p regulated osteogenesis and SOX11 expression as observed with indirect co-culture with HPL cells. Furthermore, MSCs co-cultured with HPL cells were recovered from the suppression of osteogenesis and SOX11 mRNA expression by anti-POSTN Ab. However, POSTN induced miR-299-5p and SOX11 expression, and enhanced osteogenesis. CONCLUSION Humoral factors from HPL cells suppressed osteogenesis in hMSCs. The suppressive effect was mediated by miR-299-5p and SOX11 in hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Takeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan; Department of Biological Endodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Reika Hirata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Shu Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Minami Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawaguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan; Department of Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Hidemi Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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Lee NH, Lee E, Kim YS, Kim WK, Lee YK, Kim SH. Differential expression of microRNAs in the saliva of patients with aggressive periodontitis: a pilot study of potential biomarkers for aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2020; 50:281-290. [PMID: 33124206 PMCID: PMC7606899 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2000120006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to compare microRNA (miRNA) gene expression in saliva using miRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays in healthy and aggressive periodontitis (AP) patients. Methods PCR arrays of 84 miRNAs related to the human inflammatory response and autoimmunity from the saliva samples of 4 patients with AP and 4 healthy controls were performed. The functions and diseases related to the miRNAs were obtained using TAM 2.0. Experimentally validated targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained from mirTarBase. Gene ontology terms and pathways were analyzed using ConsensusPathDB. Results Four downregulated miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-let-7f-5p, hsa-miR-181b-5p, and hsa-miR-23b-3p) were identified in patients with AP. These miRNAs are associated with cell death and innate immunity, and they target genes associated with osteoclast development and function. Conclusions This study is the first analysis of miRNAs in the saliva of patients with AP. Identifying discriminatory human salivary miRNA biomarkers reflective of periodontal disease in a non-invasive screening assay is crucial for the development of salivary diagnostics. These data provide a first step towards the discovery of key salivary miRNA biomarkers for AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hun Lee
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhye Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sung Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dentistry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Kyung Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kyoo Lee
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Hwan Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dentistry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Naqvi AR, Brambila MF, Martínez G, Chapa G, Nares S. Dysregulation of human miRNAs and increased prevalence of HHV miRNAs in obese periodontitis subjects. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:51-61. [PMID: 30499589 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate human and herpesvirus-encoded microRNA (miRNA) expression in healthy and diseased gingiva of obese and non-obese subjects and compare the impact of localized and systemic inflammation on human miRNA profiles. MATERIAL AND METHODS Healthy and inflamed gingival biopsies were collected from obese and non-obese subjects. Human and herpesvirus miRNA expression was quantified using quantitative PCR. Predicted targets of dysregulated miRNAs were identified using bioinformatics analysis, validated by dual luciferase assays and their expression assessed in healthy and diseased tissues. RESULTS Our results show differential expression of miRNAs in both diseased groups compared to healthy counterparts. MMP-16 is identified as a novel target of miRNAs altered in disease. Expression analysis of genes predicted as target of differentially expressed miRNAs show significant changes in disease compared with healthy tissues. Finally, quantitation of four herpesvirus-derived viral miRNAs show that the expression and prevalence of herpesvirus miRNAs in diseased gingiva of obese subjects. CONCLUSION Our findings show that miRNA (both cellular and virus) expression is differentially responsive to local and systemic inflammation. Some of these miRNAs can modulate key cellular genes with direct consequences on inflammatory pathways suggesting their impact on oral tissue transcriptome and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar R Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maria F Brambila
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gloria Martínez
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Chapa
- Posgrado de Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontologia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Salvador Nares
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Asa'ad F, Monje A, Larsson L. Role of epigenetics in alveolar bone resorption and regeneration around periodontal and peri‐implant tissues. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:477-493. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Asa'ad
- Institute of Odontology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology ZMK School of Dentistry Bern Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Barcelona Spain
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology Institute of Odontology University of Gothenburg Göteborg Sweden
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Jin S, Zhou R, Guan X, Zhou J, Liu J. Identification of novel key lncRNAs involved in periodontitis by weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. J Periodontal Res 2019; 55:96-106. [PMID: 31512745 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Su‐Han Jin
- Department of Orthodontics Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| | - Rui‐Hao Zhou
- Department of Anaesthesiology West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xiao‐Yan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| | - Jian‐Guo Zhou
- Department of Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
| | - Jian‐Guo Liu
- School of Stomatology Zunyi Medical University Zunyi China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research Higher Education Institution Zunyi China
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Almiñana-Pastor PJ, Boronat-Catalá M, Micó-Martinez P, Bellot-Arcís C, Lopez-Roldan A, Alpiste-Illueca FM. Epigenetics and periodontics: A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e659-e672. [PMID: 31433392 PMCID: PMC6764711 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite decades of research, our knowledge of several important aspects of periodontal pathogenesis remains incomplete. Epigenetics allows to perform dynamic analysis of different variations in gene expression, providing this great advantage to the static measurement provided by genetic markers. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the possible relationships between different epigenetic mechanisms and periodontal diseases, and to assess their potential use as biomarkers of periodontitis. Material and Methods A systematic search was conducted in six databases using MeSH and non-MeSH terms. The review fulfilled PRISMA criteria (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis). Results 36 studies met the inclusion criteria. Due to the heterogeneity of the articles, it was not possible to conduct quantitative analysis. Regarding qualitative synthesis, however, it was found that epigenetic mechanisms may be used as biological markers of periodontal disease, as their dynamism and molecular stability makes them a valuable diagnostic tool. Conclusions Epigenetic markers alter gene expression, producing either silencing or over-expression of molecular transcription that respond to the demands of the cellular surroundings. Gingival crevicular fluid collection is a non-invasive and simple procedure, which makes it an ideal diagnostic medium for detection of both oral and systemic issues. Although further research is needed, this seems to be a promising field of research in the years to come. Key words:Epigenetics, periodontitis, DNA methylation, miRNA, epigenetic biomarker, periodontal diseases.
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Yagnik K, Mahendra J, Kurian VM. The Periodontal-Cardiovascular alliance: Evaluation of miRNA-146a in subgingival plaque samples of chronic periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 10:e12442. [PMID: 31338994 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To quantify the levels of miRNA-146a in subgingival plaque samples, and correlate with periodontal and cardiac parameters, in chronic periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease. METHODS The study involved 90 subjects; 30 patients with chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CP + CHD) as part of Group I; group II comprising 30 with chronic periodontitis alone (CP); and group III comprising 30 systemically healthy controls. Demographic variables, periodontal parameters such as plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels, cardiac parameters such as total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride levels, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded from the patients. miRNA-146a level was analyzed in subgingival plaque samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and correlated with periodontal and cardiac parameters. RESULTS miRNA-146a showed the highest levels in the CP + CHD group and also showed a positive correlation with body mass index, and periodontal and cardiac parameters. CONCLUSION miRNA-146a is involved in the pathogenesis of both periodontitis and coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krutika Yagnik
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - V M Kurian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Adult Cardiac Surgery, Madras Medical Mission Hospital, Chennai, India
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Nisha KJ, Janam P, Harshakumar K. Identification of a novel salivary biomarker miR-143-3p for periodontal diagnosis: A proof of concept study. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1149-1159. [PMID: 31021403 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though the use of salivary miRNAs as potential biomarkers has been reported in few diseases/conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and oral cancer, there are no reported studies on their utility in periodontal diagnostics. Thus, the aim of the present study was to profile salivary miRNAs and identify the most suitable salivary miRNA biomarker in chronic periodontitis. METHODS In this study, we have explored the potential application of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology for profiling miRNAs in two unstimulated saliva samples collected by passive drool method from a patient diagnosed with generalized chronic periodontitis and a healthy control. Subsequently, the validation of most highly expressed known miRNA in periodontitis was performed in saliva samples collected from an independent set of 16 chronic periodontitis patients and 16 periodontally healthy controls using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Target gene prediction and pathway mapping were performed using bioinformatic tools. RESULTS NGS analysis identified 40 upregulated and 40 downregulated known miRNAs in chronic periodontitis compared to healthy controls, of which miR-143-3p was the most highly expressed miRNA in periodontitis (Read count - 227630; fold change - 5.82). Validation using qRT-PCR showed significant upregulation of miR-143-3p expression in the test group compared with controls (P < 0.05). K-RAS (V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene) gene was predicted as the target gene for miR-143-3p in humans. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes) pathway mapping revealed the involvement of K-RAS in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway. CONCLUSIONS The application of NGS for miRNA expression profiling can be considered a valuable tool in detection of novel biomarkers in periodontal diagnostics. Also, the results of the study points to the potential utility of miR143-3p as a novel salivary biomarker for chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Nisha
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Presanthila Janam
- Department of Periodontics, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - K Harshakumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Detection of Salivary miRNAs Reflecting Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061034. [PMID: 30875931 PMCID: PMC6470766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional pilot study was to find salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) reflecting periodontal condition in chronic periodontitis. One hundred and twenty chronic periodontitis patients (mean age, 68.4 years) participated in the study, from whom unstimulated whole saliva was collected. A multiphase study was conducted to explore salivary miRNAs as biomarkers of periodontitis. At first, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was performed to compare salivary miRNAs profiles in no and mild (no/mild) and severe periodontitis patients. Next, the relative expression of salivary miRNAs on individual samples was assessed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The numbers (%) of patients were 26 (21.6%, no/mild), 58 (48.3%, moderate) and 36 (30.0%, severe), respectively. Among 84 miRNAs, only the relative expression of hsa-miR-381-3p in the severe periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of the no/mild periodontitis group (p < 0.05). Among the 120 patients, there was also a significant correlation between the relative expression of hsa-miR-381-3p and the mean probing pocket depth (PPD) (r = 0.181, p < 0.05). Salivary hsa-miR-381-3p was correlated with periodontitis condition in chronic periodontitis patients.
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