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Scherm MG, Wyatt RC, Serr I, Anz D, Richardson SJ, Daniel C. Beta cell and immune cell interactions in autoimmune type 1 diabetes: How they meet and talk to each other. Mol Metab 2022; 64:101565. [PMID: 35944899 PMCID: PMC9418549 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scope of review Major conclusions
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2
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Armitage LH, Stimpson SE, Santostefano KE, Sui L, Ogundare S, Newby BN, Castro-Gutierrez R, Huber MK, Taylor JP, Sharma P, Radichev IA, Perry DJ, Fredette NC, Savinov AY, Wallet MA, Terada N, Brusko TM, Russ HA, Chen J, Egli D, Mathews CE. Use of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Build Isogenic Systems and Investigate Type 1 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:737276. [PMID: 34858326 PMCID: PMC8630743 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.737276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease that arises due to complex immunogenetic mechanisms. Key cell-cell interactions involved in the pathogenesis of T1D are activation of autoreactive T cells by dendritic cells (DC), migration of T cells across endothelial cells (EC) lining capillary walls into the islets of Langerhans, interaction of T cells with macrophages in the islets, and killing of β-cells by autoreactive CD8+ T cells. Overall, pathogenic cell-cell interactions are likely regulated by the individual's collection of genetic T1D-risk variants. To accurately model the role of genetics, it is essential to build systems to interrogate single candidate genes in isolation during the interactions of cells that are essential for disease development. However, obtaining single-donor matched cells relevant to T1D is a challenge. Sourcing these genetic variants from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) avoids this limitation. Herein, we have differentiated iPSC from one donor into DC, macrophages, EC, and β-cells. Additionally, we also engineered T cell avatars from the same donor to provide an in vitro platform to study genetic influences on these critical cellular interactions. This proof of concept demonstrates the ability to derive an isogenic system from a single donor to study these relevant cell-cell interactions. Our system constitutes an interdisciplinary approach with a controlled environment that provides a proof-of-concept for future studies to determine the role of disease alleles (e.g. IFIH1, PTPN22, SH2B3, TYK2) in regulating cell-cell interactions and cell-specific contributions to the pathogenesis of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas H. Armitage
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Scott E. Stimpson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Katherine E. Santostefano
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Century Therapeutics, iPSC Biology, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lina Sui
- Department of Pediatrics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Similoluwa Ogundare
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Brittney N. Newby
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Roberto Castro-Gutierrez
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mollie K. Huber
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jared P. Taylor
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Prerana Sharma
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Ilian A. Radichev
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Daniel J. Perry
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Natalie C. Fredette
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alexei Y. Savinov
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States
| | - Mark A. Wallet
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Century Therapeutics, Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Naohiro Terada
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Todd M. Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Holger A. Russ
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Dieter Egli
- Department of Pediatrics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Clayton E. Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Center for Cellular Reprogramming, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Sandor AM, Jacobelli J, Friedman RS. Immune cell trafficking to the islets during type 1 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:314-325. [PMID: 31343073 PMCID: PMC6857188 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of immune cell trafficking to the pancreatic islets during type 1 diabetes (T1D) has therapeutic potential, since targeting of T cell and B cell trafficking has been clinically effective in other autoimmune diseases. Trafficking to the islets is characterized by redundancy in adhesion molecule and chemokine usage, which has not enabled effective targeting to date. Additionally, cognate antigen is not consistently required for T cell entry into the islets throughout the progression of disease. However, myeloid cells are required to enable T cell and B cell entry into the islets, and may serve as a convergence point in the pathways controlling this process. In this review we describe current knowledge of the factors that mediate immune cell trafficking to pancreatic islets during T1D progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Sandor
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biomedical ResearchNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
| | - J. Jacobelli
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biomedical ResearchNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
| | - R. S. Friedman
- Department of Immunology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Biomedical ResearchNational Jewish HealthDenverCOUSA
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Mousavi A. CXCL12/CXCR4 signal transduction in diseases and its molecular approaches in targeted-therapy. Immunol Lett 2019; 217:91-115. [PMID: 31747563 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are small molecules called "chemotactic cytokines" and regulate many processes like leukocyte trafficking, homing of immune cells, maturation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, physiology, migration during development, and host immune responses. These proteins bind to their corresponding 7-membrane G-protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines and their receptors are anti-inflammatory factors in autoimmune conditions, so consider as potential targets for neutralization in such diseases. They also express by cancer cells and function as angiogenic factors, and/or survival/growth factors that enhance tumor angiogenesis and development. Among chemokines, the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis has significantly been studied in numerous cancers and autoimmune diseases. CXCL12 is a homeostatic chemokine, which is acts as an anti-inflammatory chemokine during autoimmune inflammatory responses. In cancer cells, CXCL12 acts as an angiogenic, proliferative agent and regulates tumor cell apoptosis as well. CXCR4 has a role in leukocyte chemotaxis in inflammatory situations in numerous autoimmune diseases, as well as the high levels of CXCR4, observed in different types of human cancers. These findings suggest CXCL12/CXCR4 as a potential therapeutic target for therapy of autoimmune diseases and open a new approach to targeted-therapy of cancers by neutralizing CXCL12 and CXCR4. In this paper, we reviewed the current understanding of the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in disease pathology and cancer biology, and discuss its therapeutic implications in cancer and diseases.
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Harnessing CXCL12 signaling to protect and preserve functional β-cell mass and for cell replacement in type 1 diabetes. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 193:63-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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García-Cuesta EM, Santiago CA, Vallejo-Díaz J, Juarranz Y, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Mellado M. The Role of the CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 Axis in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:585. [PMID: 31507535 PMCID: PMC6718456 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. These receptors are intimately involved in cell movement, and thus play a critical role in several physiological and pathological situations that require the precise regulation of cell positioning. CXCR4 is one of the most studied chemokine receptors and is involved in many functions beyond leukocyte recruitment. During embryogenesis, it plays essential roles in vascular development, hematopoiesis, cardiogenesis, and nervous system organization. It has been also implicated in tumor progression and autoimmune diseases and, together with CD4, is one of the co-receptors used by the HIV-1 virus to infect immune cells. In contrast to other chemokine receptors that are characterized by ligand promiscuity, CXCR4 has a unique ligand-stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1, CXCL12). However, this ligand also binds ACKR3, an atypical chemokine receptor that modulates CXCR4 functions and is overexpressed in multiple cancer types. The CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 axis constitutes a potential therapeutic target for a wide variety of inflammatory diseases, not only by interfering with cell migration but also by modulating immune responses. Thus far, only one antagonist directed against the ligand-binding site of CXCR4, AMD3100, has demonstrated clinical relevance. Here, we review the role of this ligand and its receptors in different autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. García-Cuesta
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - César A. Santiago
- Macromolecular X-Ray Crystallography Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vallejo-Díaz
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yasmina Juarranz
- Department Cell Biology, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mario Mellado
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mario Mellado
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Whitener RL, Gallo Knight L, Li J, Knapp S, Zhang S, Annamalai M, Pliner VM, Fu D, Radichev I, Amatya C, Savinov A, Yurdagul A, Yuan S, Glawe J, Kevil CG, Chen J, Stimpson SE, Mathews CE. The Type 1 Diabetes-Resistance Locus Idd22 Controls Trafficking of Autoreactive CTLs into the Pancreatic Islets of NOD Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3991-4000. [PMID: 29109122 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has a strong genetic component. The insulin dependent diabetes (Idd)22 locus was identified in crosses of T1D-susceptible NOD mice with the strongly T1D-resistant ALR strain. The NODcALR-(D8Mit293-D8Mit137)/Mx (NOD-Idd22) recombinant congenic mouse strain was generated in which NOD mice carry the full Idd22 confidence interval. NOD-Idd22 mice exhibit almost complete protection from spontaneous T1D and a significant reduction in insulitis. Our goal was to unravel the mode of Idd22-based protection using in vivo and in vitro models. We determined that Idd22 did not impact immune cell diabetogenicity or β cell resistance to cytotoxicity in vitro. However, NOD-Idd22 mice were highly protected against adoptive transfer of T1D. Transferred CTLs trafficked to the pancreatic lymph node and proliferated to the same extent in NOD and NOD-Idd22 mice, yet the accumulation of pathogenic CTLs in the islets was significantly reduced in NOD-Idd22 mice, correlating with disease resistance. Pancreatic endothelial cells from NOD-Idd22 animals expressed lower levels of adhesion molecules, even in response to inflammatory stimuli. Lower adhesion molecule expression resulted in weaker adherence of T cells to NOD-Idd22 endothelium compared with NOD-derived endothelium. Taken together, these results provide evidence that Idd22 regulates the ability of β cell-autoreactive T cells to traffic into the pancreatic islets and may represent a new target for pharmaceutical intervention to potentially prevent T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Whitener
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Lisa Gallo Knight
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Jianwei Li
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Sarah Knapp
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Mani Annamalai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Vadim M Pliner
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Dongtao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Ilian Radichev
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104; and
| | - Christina Amatya
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104; and
| | - Alexei Savinov
- Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104; and
| | - Arif Yurdagul
- LSU Health Shreveport, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA 71103
| | - Shuai Yuan
- LSU Health Shreveport, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA 71103
| | - John Glawe
- LSU Health Shreveport, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA 71103
| | | | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Scott E Stimpson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610; .,Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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Karimabad MN, Khoramdelazad H, Hassanshahi G. Genetic variation, biological structure, sources, and fundamental parts played by CXCL12 in pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-016-0534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Vidaković M, Grdović N, Dinić S, Mihailović M, Uskoković A, Arambašić Jovanović J. The Importance of the CXCL12/CXCR4 Axis in Therapeutic Approaches to Diabetes Mellitus Attenuation. Front Immunol 2015; 6:403. [PMID: 26300887 PMCID: PMC4528295 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic chemokine (C–X–C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) has emerged as a crucial player in several diseases. The role of CXCL12 in diabetes promotion and progression remains elusive due to its multiple functions and the overwhelming complexity of diabetes. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder resulting from a failure in glucose regulation due to β-cell loss and/or dysfunction. In view of its ability to stimulate the regeneration, proliferation, and survival of β-cells, as well as its capacity to sustain local immune-isolation, CXCL12 has been considered in approaches aimed at attenuating type 1 diabetes. However, a note of caution emerges from examinations of the involvement of CXCL12 in the development of diabetes and its complications, as research data indicate that CXCL12 displays effects that range from protective to detrimental. Therefore, as a beneficial effect of CXCL12 in one process could have deleterious consequences in another, a more complete understanding of CXCL12 effects, in particular its functioning in the cellular microenvironment, is essential before CXCL12 can be considered in therapies for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melita Vidaković
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Nevena Grdović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Svetlana Dinić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Mirjana Mihailović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Uskoković
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Jelena Arambašić Jovanović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
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MicroRNA expression profiling and functional annotation analysis of their targets in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Gene 2014; 539:213-23. [PMID: 24530307 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from an autoimmune attack against the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells, leading to elimination of insulin production. The exact cause of this disorder is still unclear. Although the differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner, has been identified in many diseases, including T1DM, only scarce information exists concerning miRNA expression profile in T1DM. Thus, we employed the microarray technology to examine the miRNA expression profiles displayed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T1DM patients compared with healthy subjects. Total RNA extracted from PBMCs from 11 T1DM patients and nine healthy subjects was hybridized onto Agilent human miRNA microarray slides (V3), 8x15K, and expression data were analyzed on R statistical environment. After applying the rank products statistical test, the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated and the areas under the ROC curves (AUC) were calculated. To examine the functions of the differentially expressed (p-value<0.01, percentage of false-positives <0.05) miRNAs that passed the AUC cutoff value ≥ 0.90, the database miRWalk was used to predict their potential targets, which were afterwards submitted to the functional annotation tool provided by the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), version 6.7, using annotations from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. We found 57 probes, corresponding to 44 different miRNAs (35 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated), that were differentially expressed in T1DM and passed the AUC threshold of 0.90. The hierarchical clustering analysis indicated the discriminatory power of those miRNAs, since they were able to clearly distinguish T1DM patients from healthy individuals. Target prediction indicated that 47 candidate genes for T1DM are potentially regulated by the differentially expressed miRNAs. After performing functional annotation analysis of the predicted targets, we observed 22 and 12 annotated KEGG pathways for the induced and repressed miRNAs, respectively. Interestingly, many pathways were enriched for the targets of both up- and down-regulated miRNAs and the majority of those pathways have been previously associated with T1DM, including many cancer-related pathways. In conclusion, our study indicated miRNAs that may be potential biomarkers of T1DM as well as provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in this disorder.
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Glawe JD, Mijalis EM, Davis WC, Barlow SC, Gungor N, McVie R, Kevil CG. SDF-1-CXCR4 differentially regulates autoimmune diabetogenic T cell adhesion through ROBO1-SLIT2 interactions in mice. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2222-30. [PMID: 23811810 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We had previously reported that stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) mediates chemorepulsion of diabetogenic T cell adhesion to islet microvascular endothelium through unknown mechanisms in NOD mice. Here we report that SDF-1-mediated chemorepulsion occurs through slit homologue (SLIT)2-roundabout, axon guidance receptor, homologue 1 (Drosophila) (ROBO1) interactions. METHODS C-X-C receptor (CXCR)4 and ROBO1 protein expression was measured in mouse and human T cells. Parallel plate flow chamber adhesion and detachment studies were performed to examine the molecular importance of ROBO1 and SLIT2 for SDF-1-mediated T cell chemorepulsion. Diabetogenic splenocyte transfer was performed in NOD/LtSz Rag1(-/-) mice to examine the effect of the SDF-1 mimetic CTCE-0214 on adoptive transfer of diabetes. RESULTS CXCR4 and ROBO1 protein expression was elevated in diabetic NOD/ShiLtJ T cells over time and coincided with the onset of hyperglycaemia. CXCR4 and ROBO1 expression was also increased in human type 1 diabetic T cells, with ROBO1 expression maximal at less than 1 year post diagnosis. Cell detachment studies revealed that immunoneutralisation of ROBO1 prevented SDF-1-mediated chemorepulsion of NOD T cell firm adhesion to TNFα-stimulated islet endothelial cells. SDF-1 increased NOD T cell adhesion to recombinant adhesion molecules, a phenomenon that was reversed by recombinant SLIT2. Finally, we found that an SDF-1 peptide mimetic prevented NOD T cell adhesion in vitro and significantly delayed adoptive transfer of autoimmune diabetes in vivo. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data reveal a novel molecular pathway, which regulates diabetogenic T cell recruitment and may be useful in modulating autoimmune diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Adhesion/physiology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL12/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Female
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Receptors, CXCR/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Roundabout Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Glawe
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health-Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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12
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Duncanson S, Sambanis A. Dual factor delivery of CXCL12 and Exendin-4 for improved survival and function of encapsulated beta cells under hypoxic conditions. Biotechnol Bioeng 2013; 110:2292-300. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Gao S, Jia S, Hessner MJ, Wang X. Predicting disease-related subnetworks for type 1 diabetes using a new network activity score. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2012; 16:566-78. [PMID: 22917479 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2012.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the advantage of including network information in prioritizing disease genes of type 1 diabetes (T1D). First, a naïve Bayesian network (NBN) model was developed to integrate information from multiple data sources and to define a T1D-involvement probability score (PS) for each individual gene. The algorithm was validated using known functional candidate genes as a benchmark. Genes with higher PS were found to be more likely to appear in T1D-related publications. Next a new network activity metric was proposed to evaluate the T1D relevance of protein-protein interaction (PPI) subnetworks. The metric considered the contribution both from individual genes and from network topological characteristics. The predictions were confirmed by several independent datasets, including a genome wide association study (GWAS), and two large-scale human gene expression studies. We found that novel candidate genes in the T1D subnetworks showed more significant associations with T1D than genes predicted using PS alone. Interestingly, most novel candidates were not encoded within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region, and their expression levels showed correlation with disease only in cohorts with low-risk HLA genotypes. The results suggested the importance of mapping disease gene networks in dissecting the genetics of complex diseases, and offered a general approach to network-based disease gene prioritization from multiple data sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguo Gao
- Department of Physics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
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Blanchet X, Langer M, Weber C, Koenen RR, von Hundelshausen P. Touch of chemokines. Front Immunol 2012; 3:175. [PMID: 22807925 PMCID: PMC3394994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoattractant cytokines or chemokines constitute a family of structurally related proteins found in vertebrates, bacteria, or viruses. So far, 48 chemokine genes have been identified in humans, which bind to around 20 chemokine receptors. These receptors belong to the seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor family. Chemokines and their receptors were originally studied for their role in cellular trafficking of leukocytes during inflammation and immune surveillance. It is now known that they exert different functions under physiological conditions such as homeostasis, development, tissue repair, and angiogenesis but also under pathological disorders including tumorigenesis, cancer metastasis, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Physicochemical properties of chemokines and chemokine receptors confer the ability to homo- and hetero-oligomerize. Many efforts are currently performed in establishing new therapeutically compounds able to target the chemokine/chemokine receptor system. In this review, we are interested in the role of chemokines in inflammatory disease and leukocyte trafficking with a focus on vascular inflammatory diseases, the operating synergism, and the emerging therapeutic approaches of chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Blanchet
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich, Germany
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15
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Deshpande N, Lutz AM, Ren Y, Foygel K, Tian L, Schneider M, Pai R, Pasricha PJ, Willmann JK. Quantification and monitoring of inflammation in murine inflammatory bowel disease with targeted contrast-enhanced US. Radiology 2011; 262:172-80. [PMID: 22056689 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.11110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate ultrasonography (US) by using contrast agent microbubbles (MBs) targeted to P-selectin (MB(P-selectin)) to quantify P-selectin expression levels in inflamed tissue and to monitor response to therapy in a murine model of chemically induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MATERIALS AND METHODS All procedures in which laboratory animals were used were approved by the institutional administrative panel on laboratory animal care. Binding affinity and specificity of MB(P-selectin) were tested in cell culture experiments under flow shear stress conditions and compared with control MBs (MB(Control)). In vivo binding specificity of MB(P-selectin) to P-selectin was tested in mice with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis (n = 22) and control mice (n = 10). Monitoring of anti-tumor necrosis factor α antibody therapy was performed over 5 days in an additional 30 mice with colitis by using P-selectin-targeted US imaging, by measuring bowel wall thickness and perfusion, and by using a clinical disease activity index score. In vivo targeted contrast material-enhanced US signal was quantitatively correlated with ex vivo expression levels of P-selectin as assessed by quantitative immunofluorescence. RESULTS Attachment of MB(P-selectin) to endothelial cells was significantly (P = .0001) higher than attachment of MB(Control) and significantly (ρ = 0.83, P = .04) correlated with expression levels of P-selectin on endothelial cells. In vivo US signal in mice with colitis was significantly higher (P = .0001) with MB(P-selectin) than with MB(Control). In treated mice, in vivo US signal decreased significantly (P = .0001) compared with that in nontreated mice and correlated well with ex vivo P-selectin expression levels (ρ = 0.69; P = .04). Colonic wall thickness (P ≥ .06), bowel wall perfusion (P ≥ .85), and clinical disease activity scoring (P ≥ .06) were not significantly different between treated and nontreated mice at any time. CONCLUSION Targeted contrast-enhanced US imaging enables noninvasive in vivo quantification and monitoring of P-selectin expression in inflammation in murine IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirupama Deshpande
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Stanford, CA 94305-5621, USA
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Gao P, Jiao Y, Xiong Q, Wang CY, Gerling I, Gu W. Genetic and Molecular Basis of QTL of Diabetes in Mouse: Genes and Polymorphisms. Curr Genomics 2011; 9:324-37. [PMID: 19471607 PMCID: PMC2685644 DOI: 10.2174/138920208785133253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic study has been conducted of all available reports in PubMed and OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) to examine the genetic and molecular basis of quantitative genetic loci (QTL) of diabetes with the main focus on genes and polymorphisms. The major question is, What can the QTL tell us? Specifically, we want to know whether those genome regions differ from other regions in terms of genes relevant to diabetes. Which genes are within those QTL regions, and, among them, which genes have already been linked to diabetes? whether more polymorphisms have been associated with diabetes in the QTL regions than in the non-QTL regions. Our search revealed a total of 9038 genes from 26 type 1 diabetes QTL, which cover 667,096,006 bp of the mouse genomic sequence. On one hand, a large number of candidate genes are in each of these QTL; on the other hand, we found that some obvious candidate genes of QTL have not yet been investigated. Thus, the comprehensive search of candidate genes for known QTL may provide unexpected benefit for identifying QTL genes for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Campbell Clinic and Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Interference with islet-specific homing of autoreactive T cells: an emerging therapeutic strategy for type 1 diabetes. Drug Discov Today 2010; 15:531-9. [PMID: 20685342 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes involves the activation of autoimmune T cells, consequent homing of activated lymphocytes to the pancreatic islets and ensuing destruction of insulin-producing b cells. Interaction between activated lymphocytes and endothelial cells in the islets is the hallmark of the homing process. Initial adhesion, firm adhesion and diapedesis of lymphocytes are the three crucial steps involved in the homing process. Cell-surface receptors including integrins, selectins and hyaluronate receptor CD44 mediate the initial steps of homing. Diapedesis relies on a series of proteolytic events mediated by matrix metalloproteinases. Here, molecular mechanisms governing transendothelial migration of the diabetogenic effector cells are discussed and resulting pharmacological strategies are considered.
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Marelli-Berg FM, Fu H, Vianello F, Tokoyoda K, Hamann A. Memory T-cell trafficking: new directions for busy commuters. Immunology 2010; 130:158-65. [PMID: 20408895 PMCID: PMC2878460 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2010.03278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is unique in representing a network of interacting cells of enormous complexity and yet being based on single cells travelling around the body. The development of effective and regulated immunity relies upon co-ordinated migration of each cellular component, which is regulated by diverse signals provided by the tissue. Co-ordinated migration is particularly relevant to the recirculation of primed T cells, which, while performing continuous immune surveillance, need to promptly localize to antigenic sites, reside for a time sufficient to carry out their effector function and then efficiently leave the tissue to avoid bystander damage. Recent advances that have helped to clarify a number of key molecular mechanisms underlying the complexity and efficiency of memory T-cell trafficking, including antigen-dependent T-cell trafficking, the regulation of T-cell motility by costimulatory molecules, T-cell migration out of target tissue and fugetaxis, are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica M Marelli-Berg
- Section of Immunobiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK.
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Kehlenbrink S, Tonelli J, Koppaka S, Chandramouli V, Hawkins M, Kishore P. Inhibiting gluconeogenesis prevents fatty acid-induced increases in endogenous glucose production. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297:E165-73. [PMID: 19417129 PMCID: PMC2711655 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00001.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucose effectiveness, the ability of glucose per se to suppress endogenous glucose production (EGP), is lost in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Free fatty acids (FFA) may contribute to this loss of glucose effectiveness in T2DM by increasing gluconeogenesis (GNG) and impairing the response to hyperglycemia. Thus, we first examined the effects of increasing plasma FFA levels for 3, 6, or 16 h on glucose effectiveness in nondiabetic subjects. Under fixed hormonal conditions, hyperglycemia suppressed EGP by 61% in nondiabetic subjects. Raising FFA levels with Liposyn infusion for > or =3 h reduced the normal suppressive effect of glucose by one-half. Second, we hypothesized that inhibiting GNG would prevent the negative impact of FFA on glucose effectiveness. Raising plasma FFA levels increased gluconeogenesis by approximately 52% during euglycemia and blunted the suppression of EGP by hyperglycemia. Infusion of ethanol rapidly inhibited GNG and doubled the suppression of EGP by hyperglycemia, thereby restoring glucose effectiveness. In conclusion, elevated FFA levels rapidly increased GNG and impaired hepatic glucose effectiveness in nondiabetic subjects. Inhibiting GNG could have therapeutic potential in restoring the regulation of glucose production in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kehlenbrink
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Glawe JD, Patrick DR, Huang M, Sharp CD, Barlow SC, Kevil CG. Genetic deficiency of Itgb2 or ItgaL prevents autoimmune diabetes through distinctly different mechanisms in NOD/LtJ mice. Diabetes 2009; 58:1292-301. [PMID: 19223596 PMCID: PMC2682677 DOI: 10.2337/db08-0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulitis is an important pathological feature of autoimmune diabetes; however, mechanisms governing the recruitment of diabetogenic T-cells into pancreatic islets are poorly understood. Here, we determined the importance of leukocyte integrins beta(2)(Itgb2) and alphaL (ItgaL) in developing insulitis and frank diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Gene-targeted mutations of either Itgb2 or ItgaL were established on the NOD/LtJ mouse strain. Experiments were performed to measure insulitis and diabetes development. Studies were also performed measuring mutant T-cell adhesion to islet microvascular endothelial cells under hydrodynamic flow conditions. T-cell adhesion molecule profiles and adoptive transfer studies were also performed. RESULTS Genetic deficiency of either Itgb2 or ItgaL completely prevented the development of hyperglycemia and frank diabetes in NOD mice. Loss of Itgb2 or ItgaL prevented insulitis with Itgb2 deficiency conferring complete protection. In vitro hydrodynamic flow adhesion studies also showed that loss of Itgb2 completely abrogated T-cell adhesion. However, ItgaL deficiency did not alter NOD T-cell adhesion to or transmigration across islet endothelial cells. Adoptive transfer of ItgaL-deficient splenocytes into NOD/Rag-1 mice did not result in development of diabetes, suggesting a role for ItgaL in NOD/LtJ T-cell activation. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data demonstrate that genetic deficiency of Itgb2 or ItgaL confers protection against autoimmune diabetes through distinctly different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Glawe
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - D. Ross Patrick
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Christopher D. Sharp
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Shayne C. Barlow
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Christopher G. Kevil
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
- Corresponding author: Christopher Kevil,
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Tsui H, Winer S, Chan Y, Truong D, Tang L, Yantha J, Paltser G, Dosch HM. Islet Glia, Neurons, and β Cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1150:32-42. [DOI: 10.1196/annals.1447.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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