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Li C, Kiefer MF, Dittrich S, Flores RE, Meng Y, Yang N, Wulff S, Gohlke S, Sommerfeld M, Wowro SJ, Petricek KM, Dürbeck D, Spranger L, Mai K, Scholz H, Schulz TJ, Schupp M. Adipose retinol saturase is regulated by β-adrenergic signaling and its deletion impairs lipolysis in adipocytes and acute cold tolerance in mice. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101855. [PMID: 38128827 PMCID: PMC10784691 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Retinol saturase (RetSat) is an endoplasmic reticulum-localized oxidoreductase highly expressed in organs involved in lipid metabolism such as white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Cold exposure was shown to increase RETSAT protein in BAT but its relevance for non-shivering thermogenesis, a process with beneficial effects on metabolic health, is unknown. METHODS We analyzed the regulation of RetSat expression in white and brown adipocytes and different murine adipose tissue depots upon β-adrenergic stimulation and cold exposure. RetSat function during the differentiation and β-adrenergic stimulation of brown adipocytes was dissected by loss-of-function experiments. Mice with BAT-specific deletion of RetSat were generated and exposed to cold. Gene expression in human WAT was analyzed and the effect of RetSat depletion on adipocyte lipolysis investigated. RESULTS We show that cold exposure induces RetSat expression in both WAT and BAT of mice via β-adrenergic signaling. In brown adipocytes, RetSat has minor effects on differentiation but is required for maximal thermogenic gene and protein expression upon β-adrenergic stimulation and mitochondrial respiration. In mice, BAT-specific deletion of RetSat impaired acute but not long-term adaptation to cold exposure. RetSat expression in subcutaneous WAT of humans correlates with the expression of genes related to mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, we found that RetSat depletion impaired β-agonist-induced lipolysis, a major regulator of thermogenic gene expression in adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS Thus, RetSat expression is under β-adrenergic control and determines thermogenic capacity of brown adipocytes and acute cold tolerance in mice. Modulating RetSat activity may allow for therapeutic interventions towards pathologies with inadequate metabolic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie F Kiefer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Dittrich
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberto E Flores
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yueming Meng
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Na Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Wulff
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gohlke
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Manuela Sommerfeld
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia J Wowro
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin M Petricek
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominic Dürbeck
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Scholz
- Institute of Translational Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Michael Schupp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Ispas S, Tuta LA, Botnarciuc M, Ispas V, Staicovici S, Ali S, Nelson-Twakor A, Cojocaru C, Herlo A, Petcu A. Metabolic Disorders, the Microbiome as an Endocrine Organ, and Their Relations with Obesity: A Literature Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1602. [PMID: 38003917 PMCID: PMC10672252 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, has been predominantly associated with the gut microbiota, which is acknowledged as an endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in modulating energy homeostasis and host immune responses. The presence of dysbiosis has the potential to impact the functioning of the intestinal barrier and the gut-associated lymphoid tissues by allowing the transit of bacterial structural components, such as lipopolysaccharides. This, in turn, may trigger inflammatory pathways and potentially lead to the onset of insulin resistance. Moreover, intestinal dysbiosis has the potential to modify the production of gastrointestinal peptides that are linked to the feeling of fullness, hence potentially leading to an increase in food consumption. In this literature review, we discuss current developments, such as the impact of the microbiota on lipid metabolism as well as the processes by which its changes led to the development of metabolic disorders. Several methods have been developed that could be used to modify the gut microbiota and undo metabolic abnormalities. METHODS After researching different databases, we examined the PubMed collection of articles and conducted a literature review. RESULTS After applying our exclusion and inclusion criteria, the initial search yielded 1345 articles. We further used various filters to narrow down our titles analysis and, to be specific to our study, selected the final ten studies, the results of which are included in the Results section. CONCLUSIONS Through gut barrier integrity, insulin resistance, and other influencing factors, the gut microbiota impacts the host's metabolism and obesity. Although the area of the gut microbiota and its relationship to obesity is still in its initial stages of research, it offers great promise for developing new therapeutic targets that may help prevent and cure obesity by restoring the gut microbiota to a healthy condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Ispas
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (S.I.); (V.I.)
| | - Liliana Ana Tuta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania
- Head of Nephrology Section, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Mihaela Botnarciuc
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
- Head of Blood Transfusions Section, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Viorel Ispas
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (S.I.); (V.I.)
- Vascular Surgery Department, Cai Ferate Hospital, 35–37 I. C. Bratianu Boulevard, 900270 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sorana Staicovici
- Family Medicine, “Regina Maria” Polyclinic, 900189 Constanta, Romania;
- Department of Histology, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sevigean Ali
- Preclinics Department II, Faculty of General Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | | | | | - Alexandra Herlo
- Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Adina Petcu
- Department of Mathematics, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Ovidius” University, 900470 Constanta, Romania;
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Yan J, Hu C. Bone marrow immune cells stop weight regain. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1845-1846. [PMID: 37939653 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Weight regain is a major challenge in the long-term management of obesity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Zhou et al. found that bone-marrow-derived CD7+ monocytes respond to fluctuating nutritional stress and suppress weight regain by promoting beige fat thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Centre for Diabetes, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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van Baak MA, Mariman ECM. Obesity-induced and weight-loss-induced physiological factors affecting weight regain. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:655-670. [PMID: 37696920 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Weight regain after successful weight loss resulting from lifestyle interventions is a major challenge in the management of overweight and obesity. Knowledge of the causal mechanisms for weight regain can help researchers and clinicians to find effective strategies to tackle weight regain and reduce obesity-associated metabolic and cardiovascular complications. This Review summarizes the current understanding of a number of potential physiological mechanisms underlying weight regain after weight loss, including: the role of adipose tissue immune cells; hormonal and neuronal factors affecting hunger, satiety and reward; resting energy expenditure and adaptive thermogenesis; and lipid metabolism (lipolysis and lipid oxidation). We describe and discuss obesity-associated changes in these mechanisms, their persistence during weight loss and weight regain and their association with weight regain. Interventions to prevent or limit weight regain based on these factors, such as diet, exercise, pharmacotherapy and biomedical strategies, and current knowledge on the effectiveness of these interventions are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen A van Baak
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
| | - Edwin C M Mariman
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Dönmez RB, Demirel TN, Bilgin C, Tarhan N, Örkçü Ö, Ceylan Z, Guleken Z. Comparative and Predictive Analysis of Clinical and Metabolic Features of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2023; 15:230-239. [PMID: 38322479 PMCID: PMC10843349 DOI: 10.34172/ahj.2023.1466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Background Eating disorders have become increasingly prevalent over the years; the age at which they appear has decreased, and they can lead to serious illness or death. Therefore, the number of studies on the matter has increased. Eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are affected by many factors including mental illnesses that can have serious physical and psychological consequences. Accordingly, the present study aimed to compare the clinical and metabolic features of patients with AN and BN and identify potential biomarkers for distinguishing between the two disorders. Methods Clinical data of 41 participants who sought treatment for eating disorders between 2012 and 2022, including 29 AN patients and 12 BN patients, were obtained from NPIstanbul Brain Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. The study included the clinical variables of both outpatient and inpatient treatments. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to gain insights into differentiating AN and BN patients based on clinical characteristics, while machine learning techniques were applied to identify eating disorders. Findings The study found that thyroid hormone levels in patients with AN and BN were influenced by non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS), which could be attributed to various factors, including psychiatric disorders, substance abuse, and medication use. Lipid profile comparisons revealed higher triglyceride levels in the BN group (P<0.05), indicating increased triglyceride synthesis and storage as an energy source. Liver function tests showed lower levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in BN patients (P<0.05), while higher prolactin levels (P<0.05) suggested an altered hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Imbalances in minerals such as calcium and magnesium (P<0.05) were observed in individuals with eating disorders. PCA effectively differentiated AN and BN patients based on clinical features, and the Naïve Bayes (NB) model showed promising results in identifying eating disorders. Conclusion The findings of the study provide important insights into AN and BN patients' clinical features and may help guide future research and treatment strategies for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cem Bilgin
- Faculty of Medicine, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Tarhan
- Department of Physiatry, Üsküdar University, NP Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özden Örkçü
- Vocational School of Food Technology, Üsküdar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ceylan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Zozan Guleken
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
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Spranger L, Weiner J, Bredow J, Zeitz U, Grittner U, Boschmann M, Dickmann S, Stobäus N, Schwartzenberg RJV, Brachs M, Spranger J, Mai K. Thrifty energy phenotype predicts weight regain in postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity and is related to FGFR1 signaling. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:559-567. [PMID: 36863292 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND&AIMS Long term improvement of body weight and metabolism is highly requested in obesity. The specific impact of weight loss associated temporary negative energy balance or modified body composition on metabolism and weight regain is unclear. METHODS We randomly assigned 80 post-menopausal women (BMI 33.9 (32.2-36.8)kg/m2) to an intervention (IG) or control group (CG). IG underwent a dietary three month-weight loss intervention followed by a four week-weight maintenance period without negative energy balance. The CG was instructed to keep their weight stable. Phenotyping was performed at baseline (M0), after weight loss (M3), the maintenance period (M4) and 24-month follow-up (M24). Co-primary outcomes were changes of insulin sensitivity (ISIClamp) and lean body mass (LBM). Energy metabolism and adipose gene expression were secondary endpoints. RESULTS Between March 2012 and July 2015, 479 subjects were screened for eligibility. 80 subjects were randomly assigned to IG (n = 40) or CG (n = 40). The total number of dropouts was 18 (IG: n = 13, CG: n = 5). LBM and ISIClamp were stable in the CG between M0 and M3, but were changed in the IG at M3 (LBM: -1.4 (95%CI -2.2-(-0.6)) kg and ISIClamp: +0.020 (95%CI 0.012-0.028) mg·kg-1·min-1/(mU·l-1)) (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 for IG vs. CG, respectively). Effects on LBM, ISIClamp, FM and BMI were preserved until M4. Lower resting energy expenditure per LBM (REELBM) at M3 and stronger difference of REELBM between M3 and M4 (ΔREELBM-M3M4), which indicates a thrifty phenotype, were positively associated with FM regain at M24 (p = 0.022 and p = 0.044, respectively). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a relationship of this phenotype to weight loss-induced adaption of adipose FGFR1 signaling. CONCLUSION Negative energy balance had no additional effect on insulin sensitivity. FGFR1 signaling might be involved in the adaption of energy expenditure to temporary negative energy balance, which indicates a thrifty phenotype susceptible to weight regain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01105143, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01105143, date of registration: April 16th, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - January Weiner
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Unit Bioinformatics Berlin, 10178, Germany
| | - Josephine Bredow
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Zeitz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Grittner
- Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Boschmann
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Str. 2, 10178, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophia Dickmann
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Stobäus
- Clinical Research Unit, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reiner Jumpertz-von Schwartzenberg
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Brachs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Treamid Therapeutics GmbH, Muellerstr. 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Insitute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
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7
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Rydén M, Andersson DP, Kotopouli MI, Stenberg E, Näslund E, Thorell A, Sørensen TIA, Arner P. Lipolysis defect in people with obesity who undergo metabolic surgery. J Intern Med 2022; 292:667-678. [PMID: 35670497 PMCID: PMC9540545 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cross-sectional studies demonstrate that catecholamine stimulation of fat cell lipolysis is blunted in obesity. We investigated whether this defect persists after substantial weight loss has been induced by metabolic surgery, and whether it is related to the outcome. DESIGN/METHODS Patients with obesity not able to successfully reduce body weight by conventional means (n = 126) were investigated before and 5 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB). They were compared with propensity-score matched subjects selected from a control group (n = 1017), and with the entire group after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), fat cell volume and other clinical parameters. Catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis (glycerol release) was investigated in isolated fat cells using noradrenaline (natural hormone) or isoprenaline (synthetic beta-adrenoceptor agonist). RESULTS Following RYGB, BMI was reduced from 39.9 (37.5-43.5) (median and interquartile range) to 29.5 (26.7-31.9) kg/m2 (p < 0.0001). The post-RYGB patients had about 50% lower lipolysis rates compared with the matched and total series of controls (p < 0.0005). Nordrenaline activation of lipolysis at baseline was associated with the RYGB effect; those with high lipolysis activation (upper tertile) lost 30%-45% more in body weight, BMI or fat mass than those with low (bottom tertile) initial lipolysis activation (p < 0.0007). CONCLUSION Patients with obesity requiring metabolic surgery have impaired ability of catecholamines to stimulate lipolysis, which remains despite long-term normalization of body weight by RYGB. Furthermore, preoperative variations in the ability of catecholamines to activate lipolysis may predict the long-term reduction in body weight and fat mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Rydén
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel P Andersson
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria I Kotopouli
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Stenberg
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Erik Näslund
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Thorell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyds Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Arner
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Li L, Soll D, Leupelt V, Spranger J, Mai K. Weight loss-induced improvement of body weight and insulin sensitivity is not amplified by a subsequent 12-month weight maintenance intervention but is predicted by adaption of adipose atrial natriuretic peptide system: 48-month results of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Med 2022; 20:238. [PMID: 35897098 PMCID: PMC9330651 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral weight loss interventions are frequently hampered by long-term inefficacy. As metabolic improvements and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are diminished by weight regain, effective long-term strategies are highly desirable. We aimed to analyze whether an additional weight maintenance intervention could delay body weight regain and can induce a long-term improvement of metabolism and HRQoL for up to 48 months in humans. Given the short-term metabolic effects of natriuretic peptides (NP), we also investigated the role of the adipose atrial NP (ANP) system in this long-term context. METHODS After a successful 12-week weight reduction program 143 subjects (age>18; BMI≥27 kg/m2) were randomized (1:1) to a control group or a 12-month multimodal weight maintenance intervention focusing on nutritional counseling and physical exercises. Secondary trial outcomes including course of BMI, HOMA-IR, glucose response after oGTT (glucoseAUC), and HRQoL (SF-36) were analyzed yearly for 48 months. Adipose ANP receptor mRNA expression was analyzed during weight loss. RESULTS Initial weight loss (- 4.7±1.5 kg/m2) improved glucoseAUC, HOMA-IR, and HRQoL. Although BMI was still reduced after 48 months (-1.98 [95% CI -2.61, -1.35] kg/m2), benefits on HOMA-IR, glucoseAUC, and mental health disappeared after 36 (-0.49 [-1.00, 0.02]), 18 (0.61 [-9.57, 10.79] mg dl-1 min-1), and 18 months (2.06 [-0.08, 4.20]), respectively, while improved physical health persisted up to months 48 (2.95 [0.49, 5.40]). Weight maintenance intervention inhibited weight regain and delayed impairment of HOMA-IR and glucoseAUC (but not HRQoL) for up to 12 months. However, no metabolic long-term effect was seen beyond the intervention period. Lower adipose NPR-C and higher NPR-A mRNA expression after weight loss predicted smaller regain of weight (r=0.398; p<0.05)/fat mass (FM) (r=0.391; p<0.05) and longer improvement of HOMA-IR (r=-0.422; p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Additional benefits of a behavioral 12-month weight maintenance intervention after weight loss regarding body weight regain and metabolic improvement does not persist beyond the intervention period. However, weight loss-induced modulation of the adipose ANP system is probably involved in the long-term control of body weight regain and insulin sensitivity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00850629 . Registered on February 25, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Soll
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Leupelt
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité-Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Berlin, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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9
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Sun Y, Xiao Y, Li C, Yang J, Yang S, Yang B, Huang L. A parallel survey on the fatty acid composition in backfat and longissimus lumborum and comparison of their associations with growth and carcass traits in pigs. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Sbierski-Kind J, Grenkowitz S, Schlickeiser S, Sandforth A, Friedrich M, Kunkel D, Glauben R, Brachs S, Mai K, Thürmer A, Radonić A, Drechsel O, Turnbaugh PJ, Bisanz JE, Volk HD, Spranger J, von Schwartzenberg RJ. Effects of caloric restriction on the gut microbiome are linked with immune senescence. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:57. [PMID: 35379337 PMCID: PMC8978410 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01249-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caloric restriction can delay the development of metabolic diseases ranging from insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes and is linked to both changes in the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota and immunological consequences. However, the interaction between dietary intake, the microbiome, and the immune system remains poorly described. RESULTS We transplanted the gut microbiota from an obese female before (AdLib) and after (CalRes) an 8-week very-low-calorie diet (800 kcal/day) into germ-free mice. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate taxa with differential abundance between the AdLib- and CalRes-microbiota recipients and single-cell multidimensional mass cytometry to define immune signatures in murine colon, liver, and spleen. Recipients of the CalRes sample exhibited overall higher alpha diversity and restructuring of the gut microbiota with decreased abundance of several microbial taxa (e.g., Clostridium ramosum, Hungatella hathewayi, Alistipi obesi). Transplantation of CalRes-microbiota into mice decreased their body fat accumulation and improved glucose tolerance compared to AdLib-microbiota recipients. Finally, the CalRes-associated microbiota reduced the levels of intestinal effector memory CD8+ T cells, intestinal memory B cells, and hepatic effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION Caloric restriction shapes the gut microbiome which can improve metabolic health and may induce a shift towards the naïve T and B cell compartment and, thus, delay immune senescence. Understanding the role of the gut microbiome as mediator of beneficial effects of low calorie diets on inflammation and metabolism may enhance the development of new therapeutic treatment options for metabolic diseases. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01105143 , "Effects of negative energy balance on muscle mass regulation," registered 16 April 2010. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sbierski-Kind
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophia Grenkowitz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlickeiser
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Arvid Sandforth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marie Friedrich
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Désirée Kunkel
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Flow & Mass Cytometry Core Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Glauben
- Medical Department for Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brachs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Peter J Turnbaugh
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jordan E Bisanz
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Reiner Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
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11
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Soll D, Gawron J, Pletsch-Borba L, Spranger J, Mai K. Long-term impact of the metabolic status on weight loss-induced health benefits. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35346256 PMCID: PMC8962471 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While short-term effects of weight loss on quality of life and metabolic aspects appear to be different in metabolically healthy (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO), respective long-term data is still missing. Given the high relevance of long-term changes, we aimed to address these in this post-hoc analysis of the MAINTAIN trial. METHODS We analyzed 143 overweight/obese subjects (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2, age ≥ 18 years) before and after a 3-month weight loss program (≥ 8% weight loss), after a 12-month period of a randomized weight maintenance intervention (n = 121), and after another 6 months without intervention (n = 112). Subjects were retrospectively grouped into MHO and MUO by the presence of metabolic syndrome and secondarily by estimates of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR and ISIClamp). Quality of life (QoL), blood pressure, lipids, HOMA-IR, and ISIClamp were assessed and evaluated using mixed model analyses. RESULTS Despite similar short- and long-term weight loss, weight loss-induced improvement of HOMA-IR was more pronounced in MUO than MHO after 3 months (MHO: 2.4[95%-CI: 1.9-2.9] vs. 1.6[1.1-2.1], p = 0.004; MUO: 3.6[3.2-4.0] vs. 2.0[1.6-2.4], p < 0.001; p = 0.03 for inter-group comparison). After 21 months, the beneficial effect was no longer seen in MHO (2.0[1.5-2.6], p = 1.0), while it remained partially preserved in MUO (2.9[2.4-3.3], p = 0.002). QueryShort-term improvements of lipid parameters were similar in both groups. However, long-term improvements of HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were only seen in MUO (44.4[41.5-47.4] vs. 49.3[46.2, 52.3] mg/dl, p < 0.001; 176.8[158.9-194.8] vs. 138.8[119.4-158.3] mg/dl, p < 0.001, respectively) but not in MHO. Weight loss-induced improvements in the QoL and particularly the physical health status were maintained in MUO until the end of the trial, while benefits disappeared over time in MHO. Group allocation by HOMA-IR and ISIClamp revealed higher benefits for MUO mainly in parameters of the glucose metabolism and QoL. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrates stronger and longer-lasting improvements of metabolism and QoL in MUO after weight loss. Trial registration (ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT00850629. Registered 25 February 2009, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00850629 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Soll
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Gawron
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Pletsch-Borba
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- NutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
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12
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Weight loss did not modify macronutrient specific response of hormones and satiety in overweight and obese people without metabolic disease – results from a clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:948-957. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Cornejo MA, Ortiz RM. Body mass cycling and predictors of body mass regain and its impact on cardiometabolic health. Metabolism 2021; 125:154912. [PMID: 34648770 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is the first line intervention to reduce adiposity and total body mass (BM) to improve insulin resistance and ameliorate metabolic derangements. However, the lost adipose mass is difficult to maintain reduced in the long term due to several factors including compensatory changes in orexigenic hormones, adipokine release, pro-inflammatory state, adipose tissue morphology, and resting metabolic rate as a consequence of the caloric deficit. Hence, most patients undergoing a BM reduction intervention ultimately regain the lost mass and too often additional adipose mass overtime, which is hypothesized to have increased deleterious effects chronically. In this mini-review we describe the effects of BM cycling (loss and regain) on insulin resistance and cardiometabolic health and factors that may predict BM regain in clinical studies. We also describe the factors that contribute to the chronic deleterious effects of BM cycling in rodent models of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and other metabolic defects. We conclude that most of the improvements in insulin resistance are observed after a profound loss in BM regardless of the diet and that BM cycling abrogates these beneficial effects. We also suggest that more BM cycling studies are needed in rodent models resembling the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Cornejo
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States of America.
| | - Rudy M Ortiz
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States of America
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14
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Li L, Spranger L, Stobäus N, Beer F, Decker AM, Wernicke C, Brachs S, Brachs M, Spranger J, Mai K. Fetuin-B, a potential link of liver-adipose tissue cross talk during diet-induced weight loss-weight maintenance. Nutr Diabetes 2021; 11:31. [PMID: 34611132 PMCID: PMC8492646 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-021-00174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Numerous hepatokines are involved in inter-organ cross talk regulating tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. Adipose tissue lipolysis represents a crucial element of adipose insulin sensitivity and is substantially involved in long-term body weight regulation after dietary weight loss. Thus, we aimed to analyze the impact of the hepatokine Fetuin-B in the context of weight loss induced short- and long-term modulation of adipose insulin sensitivity. Subjects/methods 143 subjects (age > 18; BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) were analyzed before (T-3) and after (T0) a standardized 12-week dietary weight reduction program. Afterward, subjects were randomized to a 12-month lifestyle intervention or a control group. After 12 months (T12) no further intervention was performed until 6 months later (T18) (Maintain-Adults trial). Tissue-specific insulin sensitivity was estimated by HOMA-IR (predominantly liver), ISIClamp (predominantly skeletal muscle), and free fatty acid suppression during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (FFASupp) (predominantly adipose tissue). Fetuin-B was measured at all concomitant time points. Results Circulating Fetuin-B levels correlated significantly with estimates of obesity, hepatic steatosis as well as HOMA-IR, ISIClamp, FFASupp at baseline. Fetuin-B decreased during dietary weight loss (4.2 (3.5–4.9) vs. 3.8 (3.2–4.6) µg/ml; p = 2.1 × 10−5). This change was associated with concomitant improvement of HOMA-IR (r = 0.222; p = 0.008) and FFASupp (r = −0.210; p = 0.013), suggesting a particular relationship to hepatic and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. Weight loss induced improvements of insulin resistance were almost completely preserved until months 12 and 18 and most interestingly, the short and long-term improvement of FFASupp was partially predicted by baseline level of Fetuin-B. Conclusions Our data suggest that Fetuin-B might be a potential mediator of liver-adipose cross talk involved in short- and long-term regulation of adipose insulin sensitivity, especially in the context of diet-induced weight changes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00850629, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00850629, date of registration: February 25, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Li
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Unit, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Stobäus
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Unit, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Finja Beer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Marie Decker
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Wernicke
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Unit, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brachs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Brachs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Unit, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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Al-Mrabeh A. β-Cell Dysfunction, Hepatic Lipid Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes: New Directions of Research and Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:226. [PMID: 33672162 PMCID: PMC7927138 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major problem for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia is one of the main drivers for both metabolic diseases. In this review, the major pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of β-cell dysfunction and recovery in T2DM are discussed in the context of abnormal hepatic lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. (i) In normal health, continuous exposure of the pancreas to nutrient stimulus increases the demand on β-cells. In the long term, this will not only stress β-cells and decrease their insulin secretory capacity, but also will blunt the cellular response to insulin. (ii) At the pre-diabetes stage, β-cells compensate for insulin resistance through hypersecretion of insulin. This increases the metabolic burden on the stressed β-cells and changes hepatic lipoprotein metabolism and adipose tissue function. (iii) If this lipotoxic hyperinsulinemic environment is not removed, β-cells start to lose function, and CVD risk rises due to lower lipoprotein clearance. (iv) Once developed, T2DM can be reversed by weight loss, a process described recently as remission. However, the precise mechanism(s) by which calorie restriction causes normalization of lipoprotein metabolism and restores β-cell function are not fully established. Understanding the pathophysiological and molecular basis of β-cell failure and recovery during remission is critical to reduce β-cell burden and loss of function. The aim of this review is to highlight the link between lipoprotein export and lipid-driven β-cell dysfunction in T2DM and how this is related to cardiovascular health. A second aim is to understand the mechanisms of β-cell recovery after weight loss, and to explore new areas of research for developing more targeted future therapies to prevent T2DM and the associated CVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al-Mrabeh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Magnetic Resonance Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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16
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Li L, Spranger L, Soll D, Beer F, Brachs M, Spranger J, Mai K. Metabolic impact of weight loss induced reduction of adipose ACE-2 - Potential implication in COVID-19 infections? Metabolism 2020; 113:154401. [PMID: 33065163 PMCID: PMC7552972 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2 is a modulator of adipose tissue metabolism. However, human data of adipose ACE-2 is rarely available. Considering that, ACE-2 is believed to be the receptor responsible for cell entry of SARS-CoV-2, a better understanding of its regulation is desirable. We therefore characterized the modulation of subcutaneous adipose ACE-2 mRNA expression during weight loss and the impact of ACE-2 expression on weight loss induced short- and long-term improvements of glucose metabolism. METHODS 143 subjects (age > 18; BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) were analyzed before and after a standardized 12-week dietary weight reduction program. Afterwards subjects were randomized to a 12-month lifestyle intervention or a control group (Maintain-Adults trial). Insulin sensitivity (IS) was estimated by HOMA-IR (as an estimate of liver IS) and ISIClamp (as an estimate of skeletal muscle IS). ACE-2 mRNA expression (ACE-2AT) was measured in subcutaneous adipose tissue before and after weight loss. RESULTS ACE-2AT was not affected by obesity, but was reduced in insulin resistant subjects. Weight loss resulted in a decline of ACE-2AT (29.0 (20.0-47.9) vs. 21.0 (13.0-31.0); p = 1.6 ∗ 10-7). A smaller reduction of ACE-2 AT (ΔACE-2AT) was associated with a larger improvement of ISIClamp (p = 0.013) during weight reduction over 3 months, but not with the extend of weight loss. The degree of changes in insulin resistance were preserved until month 12 and was also predicted by the weight loss induced degree of ΔACE-2AT (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that subcutaneous adipose ACE-2 expression correlates with insulin sensitivity. Weight loss induced decline of subcutaneous adipose ACE-2 expression might affect short- and long-term improvement of myocellular insulin sensitivity, which might be also relevant in the context of ACE-2 downregulation by SARS-CoV-2. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00850629, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00850629, date of registration: February 25, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Li
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Unit, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Soll
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Finja Beer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Brachs
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Knut Mai
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Clinical Research Unit, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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17
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Sbierski-Kind J, Mai K, Kath J, Jurisch A, Streitz M, Kuchenbecker L, Babel N, Nienen M, Jürchott K, Spranger L, Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg R, Decker AM, Krüger U, Volk HD, Spranger J. Association between Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Calorie Restriction in Obese Females. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:45-55. [PMID: 32482712 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide epidemic of overweight and obesity has led to an increase in associated metabolic comorbidities. Obesity induces chronic low-grade inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the function and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in human WAT under conditions of obesity and calorie restriction (CR) is not fully understood yet. Using a randomized interventional design, we investigated postmenopausal overweight or obese female subjects who either underwent CR for 3 mo followed by a 4-wk phase of weight maintenance or had to maintain a stable weight over the whole study period. A comprehensive immune phenotyping protocol was conducted using validated multiparameter flow cytometry analysis in blood and s.c. WAT (SAT). The TCR repertoire was analyzed by next-generation sequencing and cytokine levels were determined in SAT. Metabolic parameters were determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. We found that insulin resistance correlates significantly with a shift toward the memory T cell compartment in SAT. TCR analysis revealed a diverse repertoire in SAT of overweight or obese individuals. Additionally, whereas weight loss improved systemic insulin sensitivity in the intervention group, SAT displayed no significant improvement of inflammatory parameters (cytokine levels and leukocyte subpopulations) compared with the control group. Our data demonstrate the accumulation of effector memory T cells in obese SAT and an association between systemic glucose homeostasis and inflammatory parameters in obese females. The long-standing effect of obesity-induced changes in SAT was demonstrated by preserved immune cell composition after short-term CR-induced weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sbierski-Kind
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany; .,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Kath
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Jurisch
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Streitz
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leon Kuchenbecker
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Babel
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, 44625 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mikalai Nienen
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, Marien Hospital Herne, University Hospital of the Ruhr-University Bochum, 44625 Bochum, Germany
| | - Karsten Jürchott
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonard Spranger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reiner Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Anne-Marie Decker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Krüger
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, 10178 Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; and
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18
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Kwon YK, Kim SY, Lim YW, Park YB. Review on Predictors of Weight Loss Maintenance after Successful Weight Loss in Obesity Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.15429/jkomor.2019.19.2.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Maurer L, Mai K, Krude H, Haynes JD, Weygandt M, Spranger J. Interaction of circulating GLP-1 and the response of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to food-cues predicts body weight development. Mol Metab 2019; 29:136-144. [PMID: 31668385 PMCID: PMC6812034 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the impact of the interaction between the anorexigenic incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and reward-related brain activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a key area of behavioral control, on future weight loss in obese individuals. METHODS We performed a weight loss-weight maintenance intervention study over 27 months. We applied an fMRI food-cue reactivity paradigm during which the participants were passively exposed to food pictures to evaluate neuronal activity in the DLPFC. Additionally, we measured concentrations of circulating GLP-1 levels during a standard oral glucose tolerance test. Phenotyping was performed consecutively before and after a 3-month low-calorie diet as well as after a randomized 12-month trial, investigating the effect of a combined behavioral intervention on body weight maintenance. Participants were then followed-up for another 12 months without further intervention. RESULTS Using voxel-wise linear mixed-effects regression analyses, we evaluated 56 measurements and identified a strong interaction between circulating, endogenous GLP-1 levels and DLPFC activity predicting body weight change over the total observation period (t = -6.17, p = 1.6 · 10-7). While neither the GLP-1 nor the DLPFC response individually predicted the subsequent weight change, participants achieved body weight loss when the GLP-1 and the DLPFC responses occurred concurrently. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate an interaction between a peripheral hormonal signal and central nervous activity as robust predictor of body weight change throughout the different periods of a long-term life-style intervention. The preeminent role of their interdependency compared to the partly ambivalent effects of the single components argues for integrative approaches to improve sensitivity and reliability of weight prediction conventionally based on individual biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Maurer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Knut Mai
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heiko Krude
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Berlin, Germany
| | - John-Dylan Haynes
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Excellence Cluster NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Weygandt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Excellence Cluster NeuroCure, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Brachs S, Polack J, Brachs M, Jahn-Hofmann K, Elvert R, Pfenninger A, Bärenz F, Margerie D, Mai K, Spranger J, Kannt A. Genetic Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase ( Nnmt) Deficiency in Male Mice Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Diet-Induced Obesity but Does Not Affect Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes 2019; 68:527-542. [PMID: 30552109 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotide knockdown (ASO-KD) of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice has been reported to reduce weight gain and plasma insulin levels and to improve glucose tolerance. Using NNMT-ASO-KD or NNMT knockout mice (NNMT-/-), we tested the hypothesis that Nnmt deletion protects against diet-induced obesity and its metabolic consequences in males and females on obesity-inducing diets. We also examined samples from a human weight reduction (WR) study for adipose NNMT (aNNMT) expression and plasma 1-methylnicotinamide (MNAM) levels. In Western diet (WD)-fed female mice, NNMT-ASO-KD reduced body weight, fat mass, and insulin level and improved glucose tolerance. Although NNMT-/- mice fed a standard diet had no obvious phenotype, NNMT-/- males fed an HFD showed strongly improved insulin sensitivity (IS). Furthermore, NNMT-/- females fed a WD showed reduced weight gain, less fat, and lower insulin levels. However, no improved glucose tolerance was observed in NNMT-/- mice. Although NNMT expression in human fat biopsy samples increased during WR, corresponding plasma MNAM levels significantly declined, suggesting that other mechanisms besides aNNMT expression modulate circulating MNAM levels during WR. In summary, upon NNMT deletion or knockdown in males and females fed different obesity-inducing diets, we observed sex- and diet-specific differences in body composition, weight, and glucose tolerance and estimates of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Brachs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - James Polack
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Brachs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Elvert
- Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Felix Bärenz
- Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Clinical Research Unit, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Clinical Research Unit, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Aimo Kannt
- Sanofi Research and Development, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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