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Development of a metabolite-based deep learning algorithm for clinical precise diagnosis of the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Citra C, Limijadi EKS, Rachmawati B. The Differences of N–Acetyl–β–Glucosaminidase and β2 Microglobulin levels in Patients with and without Early Diabetic Nephropathy. INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 2022; 28:121-126. [DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is becoming the most serious microvascular complication, which be marked by the presence of persistent albuminuria. N–asetil–β–glucosaminidase is dominant lyzosom enzyme in the renal tubule epitel. β2 microglobulin is low molecular weight protein which produced by major histocompatibility complex class 1 (MHC-1) expressed cell in all nucleated cell. N–asetil–β–glucosaminidase and β2 microglobulin could be new usefull marker for early DN. Analytic observational study with cross sectional approach was conducted in May – July 2019 involving 27 non diabetic patients (K1), 27 diabetic patients without DN (K2) and 27 diabetic patients with early DN (K3) at the Clinical Pathology department of Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University and Diabetic Clinic. Data include age, gender, fasting blood glucose, blood preasure and urine albumin creatinine ratio. N–asetil–β–glucosaminidase level between groups were analyzed using Anova, β2 microglobulin level between groups using Kruskal Wallis, p<0.05 were considered significant. There are significant differences in levels of N–asetil–β–glucosaminidase between K1 and K2 (p =0.01), K1 and K3 (p =< 0.01), K2 and K3 (p = 0.03) and β2 microglobulin between K1 and K2 (p = 0.02), K1 and K3 (p =< 0.01), K2 and K3 (p< 0.01). N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and β2 microglobulin levels were higher in K2 compared to K1 and increased higher in K3 compared to K1 and K2. N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and β2 microglobulin can be used as an alternative marker for early DN.
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Zairina E, Nugraheni G, Sulistyarini A, Mufarrihah, Setiawan CD, Kripalani S, Lestari SI. Factors related to barriers and medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:219-228. [PMID: 35673517 PMCID: PMC9167265 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Evidence has shown that 50% of patients, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), are non-adherent to the prescribed antidiabetic medication regimen. Some barriers lead to nonadherence in people with DM type 2. The study aimed to identify factors related to adherence in patient with DM and to assess the correlation between barriers to adherence type 2 DM patients. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in 63 primary healthcare centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. Patients with DM type 2 were recruited between April and September 2019 using convenient sampling technique. Ethics approval was obtained (80/EA/KEPK/2019). Results A total of 266 patients with type 2 DM participated in this study. Of the respondents, 201 (75.2%) were female. Unwanted drug effects, changes in medication regimens, and refilling the prescription when the drugs run out were most reported factors that affected adherence. Spearman correlations and linear regression tests were used to examine the relationship between barriers to medication adherence, and education with medication adherence. A significant difference was observed between the level of education and adherence (p = 0.031). The results showed an association between barriers to medication and adherence to medication (r = 0.304; p < 0.001) which was confirmed in regression analysis (R = 0.309, R square = 0.095, p <0.001). Conclusions Barriers to adherence are common and affect adherence to therapy. It is essential to expand the roles of health care professionals in the community to include counseling, barrier-monitoring, education, and problem-solving to improve patient medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elida Zairina
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr Ir Haji Soekarno, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
- Innovative Pharmacy Practice and Integrated Outcome Research (INACORE) Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Center for Patient Safety Research, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Gesnita Nugraheni
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr Ir Haji Soekarno, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
- Innovative Pharmacy Practice and Integrated Outcome Research (INACORE) Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Arie Sulistyarini
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr Ir Haji Soekarno, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
- Innovative Pharmacy Practice and Integrated Outcome Research (INACORE) Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mufarrihah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr Ir Haji Soekarno, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
- Innovative Pharmacy Practice and Integrated Outcome Research (INACORE) Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Catur Dian Setiawan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr Ir Haji Soekarno, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
- Innovative Pharmacy Practice and Integrated Outcome Research (INACORE) Group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Sunil Kripalani
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Safira Indah Lestari
- Bachelor of Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr Ir Haji Soekarno, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
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Pu L, Yang C, Yu L, Li S, Liu Y, Liu X, Lai X. Tibetan Medicines for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:7845848. [PMID: 34659438 PMCID: PMC8514928 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7845848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine system, Tibetan medicine has its unique treatment methods for diabetes mellitus and its complications. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious diabetic microvascular diseases. Tibetan medicine believes that the occurrence of DN is closely related to renal function changes, and it can be effectively prevented and treated by improving renal lesions. In this paper, we consult ancient books of Tibetan medicine and summarize the medicines that treat kidney disease in the Tibetan medicine system. The Chinese name, English name, and Latin name of these drugs were searched as keywords in the online database. Thirty-four drugs were found for the treatment of DN. The most commonly used were Amomum kravanh, Terminalia chebula, and Tribulus terrestris, and we introduced the traditional uses and modern pharmacological activities of these drugs. The results indicate that Tibetan medicines for kidney disease could be used as potential candidate drugs for DN; they would expand the range of medications for DN and provide a new idea for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Pu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liqiong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shiling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xinan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianrong Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Riordan F, Racine E, Phillip ET, Bradley C, Lorencatto F, Murphy M, Murphy A, Browne J, Smith SM, Kearney PM, McHugh SM. Development of an intervention to facilitate implementation and uptake of diabetic retinopathy screening. Implement Sci 2020; 15:34. [PMID: 32429983 PMCID: PMC7236930 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-020-00982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Implementation interventions' refer to methods used to enhance the adoption and implementation of clinical interventions such as diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS). DRS is effective, yet uptake is often suboptimal. Despite most routine management taking place in primary care and the central role of health care professionals (HCP) in referring to DRS, few interventions have been developed for primary care. We aimed to develop a multifaceted intervention targeting both professionals and patients to improve DRS uptake as an example of a systematic development process combining theory, stakeholder involvement, and evidence. METHODS First, we identified target behaviours through an audit in primary care of screening attendance. Second, we interviewed patients (n = 47) and HCP (n = 30), to identify determinants of uptake using the Theoretical Domains Framework, mapping these to behaviour change techniques (BCTs) to develop intervention content. Thirdly, we conducted semi-structured consensus groups with stakeholders, specifically users of the intervention, i.e. patients (n = 15) and HCPs (n = 16), regarding the feasibility, acceptability, and local relevance of selected BCTs and potential delivery modes. We consulted representatives from the national DRS programme to check intervention 'fit' with existing processes. We applied the APEASE criteria (affordability, practicability, effectiveness, acceptability, side effects, and equity) to select the final intervention components, drawing on findings from the previous steps, and a rapid evidence review of operationalised BCT effectiveness. RESULTS We identified potentially modifiable target behaviours at the patient (consent, attendance) and professional (registration) level. Patient barriers to consent/attendance included confusion between screening and routine eye checks, and fear of a negative result. Enablers included a recommendation from friends/family or professionals and recognising screening importance. Professional barriers to registration included the time to register patients and a lack of readily available information on uptake in their local area/practice. Most operationalised BCTs were acceptable to patients and HCPs while the response to feasibility varied. After considering APEASE, the core intervention, incorporating a range of BCTs, involved audit/feedback, electronic prompts targeting professionals, HCP-endorsed reminders (face-to-face, by phone and letter), and an information leaflet for patients. CONCLUSIONS Using the example of an intervention to improve DRS uptake, this study illustrates an approach to integrate theory with user involvement. This process highlighted tensions between theory-informed and stakeholder suggestions, and the need to apply the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF)/BCT structure flexibly. The final intervention draws on the trusted professional-patient relationship, leveraging existing services to enhance implementation of the DRS programme. Intervention feasibility in primary care will be evaluated in a randomised cluster pilot trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Riordan
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Emmy Racine
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eunice T Phillip
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Bradley
- Department of General Practice, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Mark Murphy
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, Cork University Business School, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John Browne
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland
| | - Susan M Smith
- Department of General Practice, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricia M Kearney
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sheena M McHugh
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland
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Intra J, Limonta G, Cappellini F, Bertona M, Brambilla P. Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Subjects Affected by Iron-Deficiency Anemia. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:539-544. [PMID: 30604593 PMCID: PMC6712229 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that iron-deficiency anemia affects glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements, but the results were contradictory. We conducted a retrospective case-control study to determine the effects of iron deficiency on HbA1c levels. Starting with the large computerized database of the Italian Hospital of Desio, including data from 2000 to 2016, all non-pregnant individuals older than 12 years of age with at least one measurement of HbA1c, cell blood count, ferritin, and fasting blood glucose on the same date of blood collection were enrolled. A total of 2,831 patients met the study criteria. Eighty-six individuals were diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia, while 2,745 had a normal iron state. The adjusted means of HbA1c were significantly higher in anemic subjects (5.59% [37.37 mmol/mol]), than those measured in individuals without anemia (5.34% [34.81 mmol/mol]) (P<0.0001). These results suggest that clinicians should be cautious about diagnosing prediabetes and diabetes in individuals with anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Intra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Desio, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Limonta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Desio, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cappellini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Desio, Italy
| | - Maria Bertona
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Desio, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Desio, Italy
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Riordan F, McHugh SM, Harkins V, Marsden P, Kearney PM. Sustaining quality in the community: trends in the performance of a structured diabetes care programme in primary care over 16 years. Diabet Med 2018; 35:1078-1086. [PMID: 29706032 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the quality of care delivered by a structured primary care-led programme for people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in 1999-2016. METHODS The Midland Diabetes Structured Care Programme provides structured primary care-led management. Trends over time in care processes were examined (using a chi-squared trend test and age- and gender-adjusted logistic regression). Screening and annual review attendance were reviewed. A composite of eight National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-recommended processes was used as a quality indicator. Participants who were referred to diabetes nurse specialists were compared with those not referred (Student's t-test, Pearson's chi-squared test, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test). Proportions achieving outcome targets [HbA1c ≤58 mmol/mol (7.5%), blood pressure ≤140/80 mmHg, cholesterol <5.0 mmol/l] were calculated. RESULTS Data were available for people with diabetes aged ≥18 years: 1998/1999 (n=336); 2003 (n=843); 2008 (n=988); and 2016 (n=1029). Recording of some processes improved significantly over time (HbA1c , cholesterol, blood pressure, creatinine), and in 2016 exceeded 97%. Foot assessment and annual review attendance declined. In 2016, only 29% of participants had all eight National Institute for Health and Care Excellence processes recorded. A higher proportion of people with diabetes who were referred to a diabetes nurse specialist had poor glycaemic control compared with those not referred. The proportions meeting blood pressure and lipid targets increased over time. CONCLUSIONS Structured primary care led to improvements in the quality of care over time. Poorer recording of some processes, a decline in annual review attendance, and participants remaining at high risk suggest limits to what structured care alone can achieve. Engagement in continuous quality improvement to target other factors, including attendance and self-management, may deliver further improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Riordan
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - S M McHugh
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - V Harkins
- Midland Diabetes Structured Care Programme, Offaly, Ireland
| | - P Marsden
- Child Health Screening Programmes, Health and Wellbeing Division, Department of Public Health, HSE Area Office, Offaly, Ireland
| | - P M Kearney
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Intra J, Limonta G, Cappellini F, Bertona M, Brambilla P. Glycated haemoglobin and iron deficiency anaemia: a case-control study. PRACTICAL DIABETES 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pdi.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jari Intra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Milano-Bicocca; Desio Hospital, Desio (MB) Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limonta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Milano-Bicocca; Desio Hospital, Desio (MB) Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cappellini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Milano-Bicocca; Desio Hospital, Desio (MB) Italy
| | - Maria Bertona
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Milano-Bicocca; Desio Hospital, Desio (MB) Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Milano-Bicocca; Desio Hospital, Desio (MB) Italy
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