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Komine F, Furuchi M, Honda J, Kubochi K, Takata H. Clinical performance of laminate veneers: A review of the literature. J Prosthodont Res 2024; 68:368-379. [PMID: 38220160 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_23_00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This narrative review aimed to survey the clinical outcomes of laminate veneers (LVs), including their survival and success rates. STUDY SELECTION An electronic search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from 2000 to April 2023 was conducted using the keywords "laminate" OR "veneer" OR "porcelain" OR "feldspathic" OR "lithium disilicate" OR "composite resin" OR "zirconia" OR "survival" OR "success." Case reports, case series, reviews, abstracts, in vitro studies, and observational studies were excluded. Five researchers independently evaluated the titles and abstracts of all identified studies. RESULTS A total of 55 studies were identified. None of the studies met the criteria for zirconia LVs. According to the studies in this review, LVs fabricated with feldspathic porcelain, leucite-reinforced glass ceramics (LRG), and lithium disilicate ceramics (LDS) exhibited satisfactory survival and success rates. Furthermore, hydrofluoric acid etching followed by silane priming of the surface of ceramic LVs is necessary for improved clinical outcomes. The extent of dentin exposure significantly decreases the success rate of ceramic LVs. An appropriate adhesive luting process is required to achieve the long-term success of ceramic LVs. Dentin exposure should be minimized or sealed during tooth preparation to achieve a reliable and durable bond between LVs and abutment teeth. CONCLUSIONS Based on this narrative review of the literature, the use of silica-based ceramic feldspathic porcelain, LRG, and LDS is recommended for LVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futoshi Komine
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Furuchi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry and Clinical Education, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Honda
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Kubochi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takata
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Calixto ET, Kelmer VF, Komegae GH, Pacheco RR, Pini N, Sundfeld D. Influence of Varied Silane Commercial Brands and Adhesive Application on Bond Strength and Stability to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. Oper Dent 2024; 49:325-335. [PMID: 38632867 DOI: 10.2341/23-124-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the impact of various commercial silane brands with varied chemical compositions with or without the application of an adhesive layer on the microshear bond strength and durability of a resin luting agent to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. METHODS AND MATERIALS Lithium disilicate glass ceramic discs (EMX, IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) measuring 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness were fabricated (n=240). Surfaces were etched using 5% hydrofluoric acid and randomly assigned to 10 groups based on the commercial brand of silane used (n=24): [RP] RelyX Ceramic Primer (3M ESPE); [PS] Prosil (FGM); [SA] Silano (Angelus); [SM] Silano (Maquira); [SU] Silane (Ultradent); [GL] GLUMA Ceramic Primer (Kulzer); [CB] Ceramic Bond (VOCO); [MB] Monobond N (Ivoclar Vivadent); [CP] Clearfil Ceramic Primer (Kuraray); and [DE] 2-step silane (Dentsply Sirona). Half of the EMXs (n=12) received a thin adhesive layer (+) after the silane and prior to resin luting agent, while the other half (n=12) did not receive an adhesive layer (-). For the microshear bond strength test (μSBS), four light-cured resin luting agent cylinders (1 mm in diameter) were created on each EMX surface. Half of these specimens were tested after 24 hours, while the other half were stored in deionized water for 6 months. The μSBS test was conducted using a universal testing machine (DL 500, EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. The obtained data underwent statistical analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (α=0.05). RESULTS There was significant influence of the silane commercial brand on bond strength. Notably, "universal primers" yielded lower bond strength results compared to "pure" silane solutions. Water storage had a detrimental effect on microshear bond strength for certain silane commercial brands. Additionally, the application of an adhesive layer negatively impacted bond strength results for all silanes. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the importance of both silane commercial brand and chemical composition in relation to bond strength of resin luting agents to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Furthermore, the application of an adhesive layer may have an adverse effect on bond stability over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- E T Calixto
- Emerson Tavares Calixto, DDS, MSc student, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil
| | - V F Kelmer
- Vinicius Fernandez Kelmer, DDS student, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil
| | - G H Komegae
- Gabriely Hikari Komegae, DDS, MSc student, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil
| | - R R Pacheco
- Rafael Rocha Pacheco, DDS, MSc, PhD, associate professor and section director of Dental Materials, Department of Restorative Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Nip Pini
- Nubia Inocencya Pavesi Pini, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil
| | - D Sundfeld
- *Daniel Sundfeld, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center, Uningá, Maningá, PR, Brazil
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Tang T, Suputtamongkol K, Harnirattisai C, Neoh SP, Pongprueksa P. Interfacial fracture toughness of different surface treatments on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:835-843. [PMID: 37880135 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of different surface treatments on unfiring or firing zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) glass-ceramics. Celtra Duo and IPS e.max CAD blocks were cut and process following manufacturer protocols. The specimen surface was treated with seven different protocols. Two ceramic blocks with the same surface treatment were bonded with luting agent and prepared for mini-interfacial fracture toughness tests (mini-iFT). The specimens were tested after 1-week storage. The data was statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Dunnett's T3 comparison (α=0.05). The highest mini-iFT of both Celtra Duo unfired and fired was shown in the HF+S group, which was not significantly different from HF+S+UA. For IPS e.max CAD, the mini-iFT was higher in the groups treated with hydrofluoric acid. Additional adhesive after silane application did not significantly improve bonding effectiveness. Therefore, surface treatment with hydrofluoric acid and silane is recommended for both unfiring and firing ZLS glass ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Tang
- Dental Biomaterials Science (International Programme), Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University
| | | | | | - Siew Peng Neoh
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
| | - Pong Pongprueksa
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University
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Dos Santos D, Pacheco RR, Komegae GH, da Silva JA, Lima D, Pini N, Sundfeld D. Effects of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentrations, Commercial Brands, and Adhesive Application on the Bond Strength of a Resin Luting Agent to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. Oper Dent 2023; 48:700-710. [PMID: 37881098 DOI: 10.2341/23-034-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the surface topography/roughness and bond strength of a resin luting agent to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic after etching with different concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and commercial brands. METHODS For bond strength evaluation, 260 lithium disilicate glass ceramic (EMX) discs were randomly distributed into 13 groups based on concentrations of HF and commercial brands (n=20): 5% and 10%, Lysanda (LY5 and LY10); 5% and 10%, Maquira (MA5 and MA10); 5% and 10%, FGM (FG5 and FG10); 4.8%, Ivoclar Vivadent (IV5); 5% and 10%, PHS do Brasil (PH5 and PH10); 5% and 10%, BM4 (BM5 and BM10); 9%, Ultradent Inc (UL10); and Dentsply (DE10). A further random distribution (n=10) was made based on the application (+) or absence (-) of an adhesive layer. Resin luting agent cylinders (1 mm in diameter) were added on EMX surfaces, light-cured, and stored for 24 hours in deionized water at 37°C. On a universal testing machine (DL 500, EMIC), specimens were submitted to a microshear bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. A representative etched EMX disc from each group underwent surface topography analysis using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (n=1), and five (n=5) etched EMX discs from each group were tested for surface roughness. Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05). RESULTS A less conditioned and smoother surface was observed for 5% HF compared to 10%. Additionally, commercial brands of HF were shown to affect bond strength. When the adhesive layer was not used (-), a 10% concentration promoted higher bond strengths to EMX. However, when adhesive was applied (+), the concentrations of HF and commercial brands had no effect on bond strength results. CONCLUSIONS A 10% concentration of HF results in higher bond strength than a 5% concentration. If an adhesive layer is applied, neither this distinction nor the influence of commercial brands is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drc Dos Santos
- Diogo Robert Claudino dos Santos, DDS, MSc student, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center - UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - R R Pacheco
- Rafael Rocha Pacheco, DDS, MSc, PhD, associate professor, Department of Restorative Sciences, Dental College of Georgia - Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - G H Komegae
- Gabriely Hikari Komegae, DDS student, School of Dentistry, Ingá University Center - UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - J A da Silva
- Juliana Andrade da Silva, DDS, MSc, PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Danl Lima
- Debora Alves Nunes Leite Lima, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Nip Pini
- Nubia Inocêncya Pavesi Pini, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center - UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - D Sundfeld
- *Daniel Sundfeld, DDS, MSc, PhD, adjunct professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Ingá University Center - UNINGÁ, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Cardoso GC, Nakanishi L, Isolan CP, Rodrigues CS, Moraes RR. Bonding stability of universal adhesives to feldspathic ceramic with or without prior silane application. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 37771238 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the bonding stability of three universal adhesives to a CAD-CAM feldspathic ceramic with or without prior silane application. MATERIALS AND METHODS The universal adhesives tested were Ambar Universal (FGM), Single Bond Universal (3M), and Ybond Universal (Yller). Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus (3M) was used as a control. The silane used was RelyX Ceramic Primer (3M). Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to Vitablocs Mark II was measured after 24 h or 6 months of water aging (n = 20). Failure modes were observed through scanning electron microscopy, and pH and degree of C=C conversion (DC) of the adhesives were measured (n = 3). Data were analyzed using one-, two-, and three-way ANOVA. RESULTS The pH values differed significantly among the adhesives (p < 0.001), while the DC was similar (p = 0.141). The universal adhesives showed significant differences in μTBS, with higher immediate results when using silane and lower results after aging. Notably, a significant decrease in μTBS was observed after 6 months when silane was applied. In contrast, the control adhesive exhibited consistent results between the 24-h and 6-month storage periods. The universal adhesives showed a decrease in μTBS ranging from 25.5% to 40.1% after prolonged storage. Adhesive failures were predominant in all groups. The presence or absence of silane in the adhesive composition did not affect the bonding performance. CONCLUSIONS The application of a separate silane coupling agent improved the immediate bond strength of universal adhesives to CAD-CAM feldspathic ceramic. However, this bond strength significantly decreased after 6 months of water aging. The bond strength remained stable for universal adhesives when applied without silane after 6 months of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C Cardoso
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Leina Nakanishi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Cristina P Isolan
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Camila S Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Rafael R Moraes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Dapieve KS, Velho HC, da Rosa LS, Pivetta JP, Maidana FC, Venturini AB, Kleverlaan CJ, Pereira GKR, Valandro LF. Ceramic surface conditioning, resin cement viscosity, and aging relationships affect the load-bearing capacity under fatigue of bonded glass-ceramics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 139:105667. [PMID: 36657192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of ceramic surface treatments, resin cement viscosities, and storage regimens on the fatigue performance of bonded glass-ceramics (lithium disilicate, LD; feldspathic, FEL). Ceramic discs (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.5 mm) were allocated into eight groups per ceramic (n = 15), considering three factors: "ceramic surface treatment" in two levels - 5% hydrofluoric acid etching and silane-based coupling agent application (HF), or self-etching ceramic primer (E&P); "resin cement viscosity" in two levels - in high or low viscosity; and "storage regimen" in two levels - baseline, 24 h to 5 days; or aging, 180 days + 25,000 thermal cycles. Adhesive luting was performed onto glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin discs (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 2 mm) and the bonded assemblies were subjected to cyclic fatigue tests: initial load = 200 N; step-size = 25 N (FEL) and 50 N (LD); 10,000 cycles/step; 20 Hz. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) inspections were performed. Regarding the LD ceramic, the fatigue behavior was reduced after aging for HF_HIGH and E&P_LOW conditions, while stable performance was observed for HF_LOW and E&P_HIGH. Regarding the FEL results, aging negatively affected HF_HIGH, E&P_HIGH, and E&P_LOW, being that only the HF_LOW condition presented a stable behavior. The failure initiated from defects on the etched surface of the ceramics, where the cross-sectional analysis commonly revealed unfilled areas. Long-term aging might induce a decrease in mechanical behavior. The 'ceramic microstructure/surface conditioning/resin cement viscosity relationships' modulate the fatigue performance of lithium disilicate and feldspathic glass-ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiara Serafini Dapieve
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Helder Callegaro Velho
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Saldanha da Rosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Jordana Pavanelo Pivetta
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Cocco Maidana
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Borin Venturini
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, North-Holland, the Netherlands.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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Ferreira MC, Alessandretti R, Pereira GKR, Bacchi A, Maroli A, Gomes ÉA, Spazzin AO. Do preheated composite resin or adhesive resin layer strengthen the feldspar ceramic? J Prosthet Dent 2022:S0022-3913(22)00510-8. [PMID: 36202633 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Preheated composite resin and adhesive coating have been recommended as luting agents for ceramic veneers; however, information about the mechanical behavior of feldspathic porcelain veneers after using these methods is still limited. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of the use of preheated composite resin or an adhesive resin layer on the strengthening of a feldspathic porcelain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Feldspathic porcelain disks were fabricated (N=210), etched (10% hydrofluoric acid for 90 seconds), and bonded according to resin-based luting agents (30 per group) for the biaxial flexural strength tests: photopolymerized resin cement, flowable composite resin, preheated composite resin, with or without previous adhesive coating. Characteristic strength and Weibull modulus were calculated. The viscosity of the luting agents was measured by using isothermal analyses. Finite element analysis simulated the flexural test. Fractographic and bonded interfaces were observed. RESULTS The use of preheated composite resin led to the lowest stress levels in the feldspathic porcelain veneers. However, it did not increase the ceramic strengthening compared with other luting agents, as higher values were observed with flowable composite resin (P<.05). The use of an adhesive resin layer had no significant effect on ceramic strengthening when associated with preheated composite resin or resin cement (P>.05). Preheated composite resin presented the highest viscosity and led to incomplete filling of the porcelain surface irregularities. Failures originated on the ceramic surface subjected to tensile stress and were typically associated with pores at the ceramic-luting agent interface. CONCLUSIONS The use of preheated composite resin or an adhesive resin layer did not have a positive effect on strengthening feldspathic porcelain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele C Ferreira
- Professor, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty, ATITUS, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Post-Graduate student Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alessandretti
- Professor, MSciD Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty - IMED, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel K R Pereira
- Professor, MSciD-PhD Post-Graduate Programs in Oral Science, Prosthodontics Units, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ataís Bacchi
- Professor, MSciD Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry - FACPP, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Angélica Maroli
- Professor, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty - ATITUS, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Érica A Gomes
- Professor, MsciD Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto - UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aloísio O Spazzin
- Professor, MSciD Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Meridional Faculty - ATITUS, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Velho HC, da Rosa LS, Temp RW, Cocco FM, Pereira GKR, May LG, Valandro LF. Adhesive application after ceramic surface treatment is detrimental to load-bearing capacity under fatigue of a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105453. [PMID: 36126505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether an adhesive application after surface treatment on a lithium disilicate ceramic (LD) has an influence on its load-bearing capacity under fatigue. METHODS LD discs (Ø= 10 mm; thickness= 1 mm) were allocated into 8 groups (n= 15), considering 3 factors: "ceramic surface treatment" - HF: hydrofluoric acid + universal primer application; or MEP: single-component ceramic primer; "adhesive application" - with or without; and "aging protocol" - baseline: 24 h to 7 days; or aging: 180 days of storage + 25,000 thermal cycles. The LD discs were adhesively bonded to glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin discs (Ø= 10 mm; thickness= 2 mm) and stored according to the condition and each group. Cyclic fatigue testing (initial load= 100 N; step size= 100 N until600 N and after step size= 25 N to failure; 10,000 cycles/step; 20 Hz frequency) was performed. Fractographic and adhesive interface analyzes were also performed. The collected data were then analyzed by Kaplan Meier and Mantel-Cox tests and One-way ANOVA. RESULTS The adhesive application in the baseline condition had no influence on the load-bearing capacity under fatigue when the HF surface treatment was performed, however, adhesive application for the MEP treatment led to worse results than without it. The adhesive application in the aged condition showed worse fatigue outcomes for both treatments. All specimens presented radial cracks. MEP treatment followed by adhesive application presented the thickest luting layer. CONCLUSION The adhesive application after surface treatments of a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic is detrimental to its load-bearing capacity under fatigue when adhesively luted onto a supporting substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Callegaro Velho
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Saldanha da Rosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Renatta Wrasse Temp
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Maidana Cocco
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Liliana Gressler May
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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Hilgemberg B, de Siqueira FSF, Cardenas AFM, Ribeiro JL, Dávila-Sánchez A, Sauro S, Loguercio AD, Arrais CAG. Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD-CAM Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6004. [PMID: 36079385 PMCID: PMC9457303 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of luting agents to CAD−CAM composites. Surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyze the surfaces of the composite before and after bonding treatment. Three CAD−CAM composites were evaluated: Lava Ultimate restorative (LU), Brava Blocks (BR), and Vita Enamic (VE). The LU and BR surfaces were sandblasted using aluminum oxide, while the VE surfaces were etched using a 5% hydrofluoric acid gel according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. All surfaces were subjected to the following bonding strategies (n = 15): adhesive with silane and MDP (ScotchBond Universal, 3M Oral Care, St Paul, MI, USA); adhesive with MDP (Ambar Universal, FGM, Joinville, Brazil); adhesive without silane or MDP (Prime&Bond Elect, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA), pure silane without MDP (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil), and pure silane with MDP (Monobond N, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstei). Afterwards, tygons were filled with RelyX Ultimate (3M Oral Care), AllCem (FGM), or Enforce (Dentsply Sirona), which were light-cured and subjected to the μSBS test. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Additional blocks (n = 15) were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) before and after the surface treatment. The μSBS values on VE surfaces were higher than those observed on LU and BR surfaces (p < 0.001). Silane without MDP (Allcem) promoted the highest μSBS values, while silane with MDP (RelyX Ultimate) provided the highest values among all bonding strategies (p < 0.001). Enforce promoted no significant difference in μSBS values. SEM and EDS analyses detected noticeable changes to the surface morphology and composition after the surface treatment. The effectiveness of the bonding strategy may vary according not only to the CAD−CAM composite but also to resin cement/bonding agent/silane used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Hilgemberg
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 840030-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Josiane Loch Ribeiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 840030-900, Brazil
| | - Andrés Dávila-Sánchez
- Departmento de Odontología Restauradora y Materiales Dentales, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Pampite y Diego de Robles, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departmento de Odontologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad, CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Galvao Arrais
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 840030-900, Brazil
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Cuzic C, Pricop MO, Jivanescu A, Ursoniu S, Negru RM, Romînu M. Assessment of Different Techniques for Adhesive Cementation of All-Ceramic Systems. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58081006. [PMID: 36013473 PMCID: PMC9416329 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Modern esthetic dentistry is based on all-ceramic restorations. Dentists still have reservations about using these restorations due to a lack of understanding of the cementation technique, which depends on the type of ceramic used. The aim of the study is to evaluate the approaches and practices of clinicians regarding the adhesive cementation of all-ceramic restorations. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire regarding the use of all-ceramic restorations and their bonding methods was designed by distinguishing the cementation of oxide and silica-based ceramics. The survey included dentists practicing in Timiș County, Romania. The questionnaire and the evaluation of the answers were designed based on the techniques and evidence from the literature. Results: Considering the work experience, we obtained two groups: group 1—1 to 6 years and group 2—6 to 9+ years. The results revealed significant values when comparing the two groups in the surface protocol and decontamination (p = 0.005), type of cement used (p = 0.002), and isolation techniques (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The results show that many clinicians need additional training to improve their cementing technique and avoid the confusion caused by insufficient information about the interrelationship between the type of ceramic and the cementation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Cuzic
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of Digital and Advanced Technique for Endodontic, Restorative and Prosthetic Treatment (TADERP), 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Octavian Pricop
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.M.N.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.O.P.); (A.J.)
| | - Anca Jivanescu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of Digital and Advanced Technique for Endodontic, Restorative and Prosthetic Treatment (TADERP), 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.O.P.); (A.J.)
| | - Sorin Ursoniu
- Department of Functional Sciences, Discipline of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Marcel Negru
- Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.M.N.); (M.R.)
- Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Politehnica University, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Romînu
- Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.M.N.); (M.R.)
- Department of Prosthesis Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Simasetha S, Klaisiri A, Sriamporn T, Sappayatosok K, Thamrongananskul N. Surface Treatment Effect on Shear Bond Strength between Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic and Resin Cement. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:373-380. [PMID: 34921384 PMCID: PMC9339943 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) and resin cement (RC) using different surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS LDGC blocks (Vintage LD Press) were prepared, etched with 4.5% hydrofluoric acid, and randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10), depending on the surface treatments. The groups were divided as follows: 1) no surface treatment (control), 2) Silane Primer (KS), 3) Signum Ceramic Bond I (SGI), 4) Signum Ceramic Bond I/Signum Ceramic Bond II (SGI/SGII), 5) experimental silane (EXP), 6) experimental silane/Signum Ceramic Bond II (EXP/SGII), and 7) Experimental/Adper Scotchbond Multi-purpose Adhesive (EXP/ADP). The specimens were cemented to resin composite blocks with resin cement and stored in water at 37 °C for 24 hours. The specimens underwent 5,000 thermal cycles and were subjected to the SBS test. Mode of failure was evaluated under the stereo microscope. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Data were analyzed with Welch ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS The highest mean SBS showed in group EXP/ADP (45.49 ± 3.37 MPa); however, this was not significantly different from group EXP/SGII (41.38 ± 2.17 MPa) (p ≥ 0.05). The lowest SBS was shown in the control group (18.36 ± 0.69 MPa). This was not significantly different from group KS (20.17 ± 1.10 MPa) (p ≥ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The different surface treatments significantly affected the SBS value between LDGC and RC. The application of pure silane coupling agent with or without the application of an adhesive improved the SBS value and bond quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripan Simasetha
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Awiruth Klaisiri
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Tool Sriamporn
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Kraisorn Sappayatosok
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Science, College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Niyom Thamrongananskul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Adhesive-Ceramic Interface Behavior in Dental Restorations. FEM Study and SEM Investigation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14175048. [PMID: 34501143 PMCID: PMC8433907 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the stress levels that act in inlay and onlay restorations, according to the direction and value of the external force applied. The study was conducted using the Finite Element Method (FEM) of three types of ceramics: pressed lithium disilicate and monolith, zirconia, and three different adhesive systems: self-adhesive, universal, and dual-cure cements. In addition to FEM, the inlay/onlay-dental structure interface analysis was performed by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The geometric models were reconstructed based on computer tomography images of an undamaged molar followed by geometrical procedures of inducing the inlay and onlay reconstructions. The two functional models were then simulated for different orientations of external force and different material properties, according to the considered adhesives and ceramics. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was conducted on 30 extracted teeth, divided into three groups according to the adhesive cement type. Both FEM simulation and SEM investigations reveal very good mechanical behavior of the adhesive-dental structure and adhesive-ceramic interfaces for inlay and onlay reconstructions. All results lead to the conclusion that a physiological mastication force applied, regardless of direction, cannot produce a mechanical failure of either inlay or onlay reconstructions. The adhesive bond between the restorations and the dental structure can stabilize the ceramic restorations, resulting in a higher strength to the action of external forces.
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Nascimento AR, Mantovani MB, Mendonça LC, Vesselovcz J, Pacheco RR, Pini NP, Sundfeld D. Two-Year Follow-Up of Self-Etching Ceramic Primer as Surface Treatment for Feldspathic Veneers: A Clinical Case Review. Oper Dent 2021; 46:126-135. [PMID: 34192329 DOI: 10.2341/20-036-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The two-step approach of applying hydrofluoric acid followed by silane is deemed the goldstandard surface treatment protocol before bonding to glass ceramics. Given hydrofluoric acid is a toxic conditioning agent and with the intention to simplify this step, the dental company Ivoclar Vivadent (Schaan, Lietchtenstein) released a self-etching ceramic primer, Monobond Etch & Prime in 2015, claiming that hydrofluoric acid and silane application would no longer be required prior to luting glass ceramics. Therefore, this clinical case report and retrospective analysis describes the replacement of unsatisfactory anterior veneers due to clinical failures for new feldspathic glass ceramic veneers, using the aforementioned self-etching ceramic primer. After two years, feldspathic glass ceramics presented satisfying clinical performance with absence of debonding, tooth sensitivity, recurrent carious lesions, or marginal infiltration.
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Nogueira IDO, Oliveira PFGD, Magno MB, Ferreira DMTP, Maia LC, Rabello TB. Does the application of an adhesive layer improve the bond strength of etched and silanized glass-ceramics to resin-based materials? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 125:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Lima CM, Silva NRD, Martins JD, Miranda JS, Tanaka R, Souza RODAE, Leite FPP. Effect of different surface treatments on the biaxial flexure strength, Weibull characteristics, roughness, and surface topography of bonded CAD/CAM silica-based ceramics. Dent Mater 2020; 37:e151-e161. [PMID: 33298316 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of different surface treatments on biaxial flexure strength, roughness, and surface topography of lithium silicate/disilicate-based ceramics. METHODS 225 discs (∅: 12 mm; 1.2 mm - ISO 6872) were made from three ceramics: IPS e.max CAD (LD - Ivoclar Vivadent), Suprinity (LSS - Vita) and Celtra Duo (LSC - Dentsply). The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 15): no treatment (C); 10% hydrofluoric acid + silane (HF); sandblasting Al2O3 + silane (SB); silicatization + silane (SC); and self-etching ceramic primer (SEP). After surface treatment, a resin cement layer was applied to the disc surface (RelyX U200, 3M ESPE), mechanical cycled (1.2 × 106 cycles, 50 N, 3.8 Hz) and submitted to biaxial flexural strength test (1 mm/min, 1000 Kgf). Roughness, EDS and SEM were also performed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey test (5%) and Weibull. RESULTS ANOVA revealed that the "surface treatment" factor was significant for all ceramics (p < 0.05). The groups LD-HF (289.30 ± 40) LD-SEP (298. 87 ± 53.29), LSC-HF (195.51 ± 42.12), LSS-HF (269.58 ± 27.07) and LSS-SEP (207.45 ± 28.63) presented significantly higher biaxial flexure strength than respective control groups, except for the LSC-SEP (165.41 ± 33.86), which was statistically similar to the control. The Weibull modulus was significantly higher for the LD-SB, LSC-SC groups. Additionally, the LD-SB, LSC-SC and LSS-HF groups showed higher roughness compared to the other treatments. SIGNIFICANCE HF etching followed by silanization and self-etching ceramic primer are the most suitable surface treatments for lithium silicate/disilicate-based glass-ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Moreira Lima
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Dental School, St. José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36036-900, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Ramos da Silva
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Department of Dentistry, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59056-000, Brazil.
| | - Jordana Dias Martins
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Dental School, St. José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36036-900, Brazil.
| | - Jean Soares Miranda
- Braz Cubas University, Department of Dentistry, Av. Francisco Rodrigues Filho, 1233 - Vila Mogilar, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, CEP: 08773-380, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Tanaka
- University of São Paulo (USP), Dental School, St. João de Santa Maria, 129 - Vila Brasilina, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04158-070, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção E Souza
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Department of Dentistry, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP: 59056-000, Brazil.
| | - Fabíola Pessôa Pereira Leite
- Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Dental School, St. José Lourenço Kelmer, s/n - São Pedro, Juiz de Fora, MG, CEP: 36036-900, Brazil.
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Kilinc H, Sanal FA, Turgut S. Shear bond strengths of aged and non-aged CAD/CAM materials after different surface treatments. J Adv Prosthodont 2020; 12:273-282. [PMID: 33149848 PMCID: PMC7604239 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2020.12.5.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess shear bond strengths (SBS) of resin composites on aged and non-aged prosthetic materials with various surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cerasmart (CE), Vita Enamic (VE), Vita Mark II (VM), and IPS e.max CAD (EC) blocks were sliced, and rectangular-shaped specimens (14 × 12 × 1.5 mm; N = 352) were obtained. Half of the specimens were aged (5000 thermal cycles) for each material. Non-aged and aged specimens were divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatments (control, air abrasion, etching, and laser irradiation; n = 11) and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The repair procedure was performed after the surface treatments. SBS values and failure types were determined. Obtained data were statistically analyzed (P≤.05). RESULTS The material type, surface treatment type, and their interactions were found significant with regard to SBS (P<.001). Aging also had a significant effect on prosthetic material-resin composite bonding (P<.001). SBS values of non-aged specimens ranged from 12.16 to 17.91 MPa, while SBS values of aged specimens ranged from 9.46 to 15.61 MPa. Non-aged VM in combination with acid etching presented the highest score while the control group of aged CE showed the lowest. CONCLUSION Etching was more effective in achieving durable SBS for VM and EC. Laser irradiation could be considered as an alternative surface treatment method to air abrasion for all tested materials. Aging had significant effect on SBS values generated between tested materials and resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamiyet Kilinc
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ayse Sanal
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Sedanur Turgut
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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El-Damanhoury HM, A Elsahn N, Sheela S, Gaintantzopoulou MD. Adhesive luting to hybrid ceramic and resin composite CAD/CAM Blocks:Er:YAG Laser versus chemical etching and micro-abrasion pretreatment. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:225-234. [PMID: 32981912 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2020_50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser on the roughness, surface topography, and bond strength to resin luting cement based on chemical and micro-abrasion pretreatments of different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing materials. METHODS A polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network (PICN) material (Vita Enamic, VE), three indirect resin composite (Cerasmart, CS; Shofu HC, SH; Lava Ultimate, LU), and one lithium disilicate ceramic (IPS e.max CAD, EM) blocks were subjected to one of the following pretreatments: no treatment (NC ), Er:YAG etching with one of two powers (either 3 or 6 W), hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching, self-etching ceramic primer (ME), or micro-abrasion (MA). The shear bond strength (SBS) of resin luting cement to pretreated materials was tested. Surface roughness was measured via atomic force microscopy, and surface topography was analyzed via scanning electron microscopy. Two-way analysis of variance, Tukey post-hoc test, and Pearson correlation were applied. RESULTS Etching EM and VE with HF or the ME resulted in the highest SBS values in their groups (P < 0.05). LU, SH, VE, and CS indicated similar SBS values when treated with 3 W, 6 W, and MA. The highest surface roughness (Sa ) values were obtained for the LU, CS, and VE groups when treated with 6 W, whereas the lowest Sa values were obtained for CS when treated with the ME and EM when treated with the ME or 3 W. Only SH and CS indicated a significant correlation between surface rough ness and bond strength. CONCLUSIONS Er:YAG laser etching is comparable to micro-abrasion when treating resin composite blocks and may induce fewer surface cracks. HF etching remains the gold standard for the treatment of glass-based ceramics and PICNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem M El-Damanhoury
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah
| | - Nesrine A Elsahn
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE. And Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry
| | - Soumya Sheela
- Dental Biomaterials Research Group - Sharjah Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah
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18
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Strengthening ceramic surfaces with the use of resin cements based on thiourethane oligomers. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Naves LZ, Gerdolle DA, de Andrade OS, Markus Maria Gresnigt M. Seeing is believing? When scanning electron microscopy (SEM) meets clinical dentistry: The replica technique. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:1118-1123. [PMID: 32643268 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In restorative dentistry, the in situ replication of intra-oral situations, is based on a non-invasive and non-destructive scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluation method. The technique is suitable for investigation restorative materials and dental hard- and soft-tissues, and its interfaces. Surface characteristics, integrity of interfaces (margins), or fracture analysis (chipping, cracks, etc.) with reliable resolution and under high magnification (from ×50 to ×5,000). Overall the current study aims to share detailed and reproducible information about the replica technique. Specific goals are: (a) to describe detailed each step involved in producing a replica of an intra-oral situation, (b) to validate an integrated workflow based on a rational sequence from visual examination, to macrophotography and SEM analysis using the replica technique; (c) to present three clinical cases documented using the technique. A compilation of three clinical situations/cases were analyzed here by means the replica technique showing a wide range of possibilities that can be reached and explored with the described technique. This guidance document will contribute to a more accurate use of the replica technique and help researchers and clinicians to understand and identify issues related to restorative procedures under high magnification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Zago Naves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marco Markus Maria Gresnigt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, University Medical Center Groningen, The University of Groningen, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Special Dental Care, Martini Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
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20
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Alaqeel SM. The effect of heat treatment and surface neutralization on bond strength of orthodontic brackets to lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 103:103605. [PMID: 32090932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study evaluated and compared the effect of pre-etching heat treatment and post-etching surface neutralization on the surface texture parameters and initial adhesion strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to lithium disilicate glass-ceramic using water-based and resin-based cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 samples were fabricated by duplicating the buccal surface of the maxillary premolar. The samples were randomly assigned to two groups: the cementing surface of group 1 samples was heat-treated, and that of group 2 samples was left untreated. The samples of each group were further divided into 4 subgroups (n = 15) according to the use of neutralization and the type of cement used for bonding. The surface texture parameters after etching were determined using a non-contact surface profilometer, and the bond strength was determined by a universal material tester. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance and the Scheffe post hoc test. RESULTS The samples that were heat-treated showed statistically significant higher bond strength in all the subgroups, and the acid-neutralized samples showed higher bond strength using both types of cement; however, the increase was statistically significant only in resin-based cement-bonded samples. Resin-based cement-bonded samples showed higher bond strength than water-based cement-bonded samples. CONCLUSION Pre-etching heat treatment and post-etching acid neutralization of the cementing surface of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic significantly improve the surface texture and initial bond strength to orthodontic brackets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer M Alaqeel
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Cuevas-Suárez CE, de Oliveira da Rosa WL, Vitti RP, da Silva AF, Piva E. Bonding Strength of Universal Adhesives to Indirect Substrates: A Meta-Analysis of in Vitro Studies. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:298-308. [PMID: 31994803 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the in vitro bond strength of universal adhesive systems to indirect substrates. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two reviewers performed a literature search up to March 2018 in seven databases: PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, and BBO. The review included studies that compared the bond strength of universal adhesives and well-established material-specific primers to indirect substrates: lithium disilicate ceramic, yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide ceramic, leucite-reinforced ceramic, feldspathic porcelain, polymer infiltrated ceramic material, resin composite or metal alloys. Analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.3.5. A global comparison was performed with the standardized mean difference using a random-effects models at a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 45 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and the meta-analysis was performed with 42 studies. Bond strength to glass-based ceramics and alloys was improved with the use of a specific-primer as separate step before the bonding procedures (lithium disilicate, p < 0.001; alloys, p < 0.001). The bond strength to zirconium substrates was improved with the use of universal adhesives (p < 0.001). For bond strength to composite resin as indirect substrate, universal adhesives performed in a manner similar to that of the material-specific primer (p = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS The clinical procedure of luting zirconia and resin composite restorations could be simplified by using single-bottle universal adhesives. However, the ability of universal adhesives to achieve an adequate and durable bond to glass-based ceramics and alloys appears to be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hgo, 42160, Mexico
| | - Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Goncalves Cháves 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pino Vitti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Quatro de Março, 432, Taubaté, 12020-270, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fernandes da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Goncalves Cháves 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Goncalves Cháves 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
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MOURA DMD, ARAÚJO AMMD, SOUZA KBD, VERÍSSIMO AH, TRIBST JPM, SOUZA RODAE. Hydrofluoric acid concentration, time and use of phosphoric acid on the bond strength of feldspathic ceramics. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e018. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Aguiar AP, Costa AR, Correr AB, Vedovello SA, Vedovello Filho M, Crepaldi MV, Valdrighi HC, Correr-Sobrinho L. Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Thermal Cycling on the Bond Strength of Brackets to Ceramic. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:587-591. [PMID: 31800753 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study to evaluate the effects of different hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentrations and thermal cycling on the shear bond strength (SBS) of brackets to ceramic. Cylinders of ceramic were divided into 10 groups (n=15), according to HF concentrations: 1-1%;2-2.5%;3-5%;4-7.5%;5-10% (storage 24 h); 6-1%;7-2.5%;8-5%;9-7.5%; and, 10-10% (thermal cycling). All cylinders were etched for 60s and received one layer of silane. Metallic brackets were bonded to the cylinders using Transbond-XT, light activated for 40 s, using a LED (Radii Plus) and stored in deionized water at 37o C for 24h. The groups 6 to 10 were submitted to thermal cycling (7,000 cycles - 5o/55oC). SBS was performed in an Instron at crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (α=0.05). The Adhesive Remaining Index (ARI) was evaluated at 40x magnification. The different HF acid concentrations influenced on the SBS of the brackets to ceramic (p<0.05). The thermal cycling decreased the SBS of the brackets to ceramic for all acid concentrations (p<0.05). The ARI showed a predominance of scores 0 for all groups, with an increase in scores 1, 2 and 3 for the group storage for 24 h. In conclusion, the different HF acid concentrations 5.0%, 7.5% and 10% influenced on the SBS of brackets to ceramic. The thermal cycling decreased significantly the SBS of brackets to ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Aguiar
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics- UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Rosa Costa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics- UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Américo Bortolazzo Correr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Amélia Vedovello
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics- UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Vedovello Filho
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics- UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Heloísa Cristina Valdrighi
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics- UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Barbon FJ, Moraes RR, Isolan CP, Spazzin AO, Boscato N. Influence of inorganic filler content of resin luting agents and use of adhesive on the performance of bonded ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:566.e1-566.e11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Alteration of the intaglio surface of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:411.e1-411.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Coelho NF, Barbon FJ, Machado RG, Boscato N, Moraes RR. Response of composite resins to preheating and the resulting strengthening of luted feldspar ceramic. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1430-1438. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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27
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Sriamporn T, Kraisintu P, See LP, Swasdison S, Klaisiri A, Thamrongananskul N. Effect of Different Neutralizing Agents on Feldspathic Porcelain Etched by Hydrofluoric Acid. Eur J Dent 2019; 13:75-81. [PMID: 31170767 PMCID: PMC6635975 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of neutralizing agents on the shear bond strength of hydrofluoric (HF)–etched porcelain in nonaging and aging conditions.
Subjects and Methods
One hundred and twenty feldspathic porcelain specimens were prepared and divided into six groups to undergo different surface conditioning methods—group 1: control; group 2: HF; group 3: HF + calcium hydroxide; group 4: HF + calcium carbonate; group 5: HF + calcium gluconate; and group 6: HF + ultrasonic. All samples were immersed in 37°C distilled water for 24 h. Half of the samples were thermocycled in water for 5,000 cycles. The shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test at a 95% confidence level. The surface micromorphology and surface elements were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), respectively.
Results
The shear bond strengths of groups 2–6 were significantly higher than the control group in both aging and nonaging conditions (
p
< 0.05). There were no significant differences among all of the HF-etched porcelain groups (
p
> 0.05). SEM images of groups 2–6 illustrated similar patterns of irregularity on the specimen surfaces. Elemental analysis of EDX demonstrated identical elements on surfaces of specimens of groups 2–6.
Conclusion
Within the limitations of this study, shear bond strength values between HF-etched porcelain, HF-etching followed by application of neutralizing agents, and HF-etching followed by ultrasonic cleaning were not significantly different in both nonaging and aging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tool Sriamporn
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Ploypim Kraisintu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Lily Pachanin See
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Somporn Swasdison
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Awiruth Klaisiri
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Niyom Thamrongananskul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Murillo-Gómez F, De Goes MF. Bonding effectiveness of tooth-colored materials to resin cement provided by self-etching silane primer after short- and long-term storage. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:713.e1-713.e8. [PMID: 30871938 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Glass-ceramic materials are typically treated with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and silane to improve their bond to composite resin; however, HF may be harmful to human tissues and the integrity of the material, and its application is a technique-sensitive procedure. A novel self-etching ceramic primer has been introduced with the claim that it can solve those problems. However, independent scientific evidence regarding its performance is scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of self-etching silane primer on glass-ceramic surface roughness and on long-term bonding between glass-ceramic and composite resin cement. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plates of 3 materials (n=10), lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDC) (IPS e.max CAD), leucite-based glass-ceramic (LEU) (IPS Empress CAD), and resin-modified ceramic (PIC) (VITA ENAMIC), were treated in the following ways: no treatment (C), HF (5%) applied during the recommended time for each material (HF), and self-etching ceramic primer (Monobond Etch & Prime [MBEP]). Surface roughness (Sa) was analyzed with a laser 3D profiler. Ceramic sticks were subjected to (n=20) no treatment (C); treatment with hydrofluoric acid plus silane (HF+S); and treatment with self-etching ceramic primer (MBEP) bonded to prepolymerized composite resin sticks with composite resin cement (Variolink II) and stored for 24 hours and 1 year (n=10). The assemblies were submitted to microtensile bond strength testing (μTBS). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey pairwise, post hoc test (α=.05). Failure pattern and surface and interface morphology were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS Only individual factors resulted in statistically significant differences for both variables (material: P<.001; surface treatment: P=.020), interaction (P=.570). HF group (0.49 ±0.11 μm) showed statistically higher roughness values (P≤.05) than control groups (0.44 ±0.97 μm), while MBEP (0.48 ±0.11 μm) was comparable with both. HF produced greater surface alterations than MBEP and C. PIC (0.60 ±0.051 μm) exhibited significantly higher roughness values (P≤.05) than LDC (0.37 ±0.07 μm) and LEU (0.45 ±0.04). Regarding μTBS, the general mean of PIC (24.6 ±10.1 MPa) was higher (P≤.05) than LEUs (14.7 ±6.7 MPa) and LDCs (13.1 ±4.8 MPa), while treatment groups HF+S (17.9 ±10.0 MPa) and MBEP (20.5 ±9.7 MPa) produced higher μTBS values than control groups (14.2 ±5.5 MPa). Adhesive failure was associated with low μTBS values and aged specimens, while cohesive failure within the composite resin-cement layer and mixed failures were associated with higher μTBS values. Interface debonding was detected in C groups for LDC and LEU. PIC exhibited better interface stability. CONCLUSIONS MBEP produced smoother surfaces than HF. HF+S and MBEP significantly improved ceramic and composite resin cement bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabián Murillo-Gómez
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry-University of Costa Rica (UCR), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Fernando De Goes
- Chair Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School-University of Campinas (FOP-UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil.
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Effect of Surface Coating on Bond Strength between Etched Feldspar Ceramic and Resin-Based Luting Agents. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3039251. [PMID: 30140693 PMCID: PMC6081562 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3039251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated adhesive protocols (silane, silane and unfilled resin, and universal adhesive) of bond strength between feldspar ceramic and resin-based luting agents (RBLAs). Thirty ceramic disks were embedded into acrylic resin, polished, etched, and randomly divided into 6 groups: S-RC: silane (S) and light-cured resin cement (RC) (RelyX Veneer; 3M ESPE); SB-RC: S followed by bond (B) (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray) and RC; UA-RC: universal adhesive (UA) (Single Bond Universal; 3M ESPE) and RC; flowable composite resin (F) was used on groups S-F, SB-F, and UA-F, and luting agent cylinders were built. The response variables (n=20) were microshear bond strength (MPa), characteristic strength (σ0, MPa), and Weibull modulus (m). The RC groups presented similar bond strengths regardless of whether or not bond was used. The S-F group with only silane application showed the highest bond strength, while the universal adhesive showed the lowest bond strength. The reliability was only affected in the UA-RC group, which was lower than the S-F group. Silane application is fundamental since the universal adhesive only decreased the bond strength between the feldspar ceramic and the RBLAs. Overall, the use of unfilled resin did not positively influence bond strength.
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30
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Murillo-Gómez F, Palma-Dibb RG, De Goes MF. Effect of acid etching on tridimensional microstructure of etchable CAD/CAM materials. Dent Mater 2018; 34:944-955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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31
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Reboul T, Hoang Thaï HA, Cetik S, Atash R. Comparison between shear forces applied on the overlay-dental tissue interface using different bonding techniques: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2018; 18:212-218. [PMID: 30111909 PMCID: PMC6070845 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_165_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the adhesion of glass-ceramic overlays to tooth structure, under the effect of shear forces, using different bonding systems. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy lower third molars were selected and randomly allocated into three groups (n = 10). Group 1: overlays bonded to tooth structure using Panavia V5 with immediate dentin sealing (IDS); Group 2: overlays bonded using Panavia V5 without IDS; and Group 3: overlays bonded using heated composite combined with a bonding agent with IDS. All the restorations were made of glass-ceramic (Suprinity, Vita). The restored teeth were then stored in distilled water for 7 days and at room temperature. Shear forces were applied using a universal testing machine. Load and displacement were recorded at intervals of 0.1 s. A statistical analysis was used to compare the groups. Results: The mean resistance to fractures ± standard deviation obtained for the Groups 1, 2, and 3 was, respectively, 15.7440 ± 2.13, 12.0750 ± 1.41, and 8.33364 ± 2.85 MPa. The analysis of variance was highly significant (P < 0.001) allowing us to reject the null hypothesis of equality between the three groups. Comparisons between pairs also provided significant results. Conclusion: Bonding using Panavia V5 with IDS showed a better resistance to shear forces when compared to other bonding techniques. The application of IDS increased the adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Reboul
- Department of Stomatology and Dentistry, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H A Hoang Thaï
- Department of Stomatology and Dentistry, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sibel Cetik
- Department of Stomatology and Dentistry, Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ramin Atash
- Department of Stomatology and Dentistry, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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32
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Wandscher VF, Prochnow C, Rippe MP, Dorneles LS, Callegari GL, Baldissara P, Scotti R, Valandro LF. Retentive Strength of Y-TZP Crowns: Comparison of Different Silica Coating Methods on the Intaglio Surfaces. Oper Dent 2017; 42:E121-E133. [DOI: 10.2341/16-090-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective:
To evaluate the effect of different methods of silica deposition on the intaglio surface of yttrium oxide stabilized zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) crowns on the retentive strength of the crowns.
Methods:
One hundred simplified full-crown preparations produced from fiber-reinforced polymer material were scanned, and 100 Y-TZP crowns with occlusal retentions were milled. Crown/preparation assemblies were randomly allocated into five groups (n=20) according to the treatment of the intaglio surfaces: TBS = tribochemical silica coating via air-abrasion with 30-μm silica-coated alumina particles; GHF1 = application of thin glaze layer + hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching for 1 minute; GHF5 = glaze application + HF for 5 minutes; GHF15 = glaze application + HF for 15 minutes; NANO = silica nanofilm deposition (5 nm) via magnetron sputtering. All groups received a silane application. The surfaces of the preparations (polymer) were conditioned with 10% HF for 30 seconds and silanized. The crowns were cemented with resin cement, thermocycled (12,000 cycles; 5°C/55°C), stored for 60 days, and subjected to a retentive strength test (0.5 mm/min until failure). The retention data (MPa) were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Tukey tests, and Weibull analysis. Failures were classified as 50C (above 50% of cement in the crown) and 50S (above 50% of cement on the substrate).
Results:
The TBS (5.6±1.7 MPa) and NANO groups (5.5±1 MPa) had higher retentive strength than the other groups (p<0.0001) and had the highest values of characteristic strength. There was no difference in Weibull modulus, except for the GHF1 group (lower values). The TBS and GHF15 groups, respectively, had 60% and 70% of their failures classified as 50C, while most of the other groups had 50S failures.
Conclusion:
Tribochemical silica coating and silica nanofilm deposition on the inner surface of zirconia crowns promoted a higher retentive strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- VF Wandscher
- Vinicius F. Wandscher, DDS, MSD, PhD, adjucnt professor, Faculty of Odontology (Prosthetic Dentistry Unit), Franciscan University Center, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - C Prochnow
- Catina Prochnow, DDS, MSD, PhD student, Post-graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthetic Dentistry Unit), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - MP Rippe
- Marilia Pivetta Rippe, DDS, MSD, PhD, adjunct professor, Restorative Dentistry (Prosthetic Dentistry Unit), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - LS Dorneles
- Lucio S. Dorneles, PhD, associate professor, Physics Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - GL Callegari
- Gustavo L. Callegari, PhD, Physics Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - P Baldissara
- Paolo Baldissara, DDS, assistant professor and researcher, Biomedical Sciences and Neuromotor (Prosthetic Dentistry Unit), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Scotti
- Roberto Scotti, professor, Biomedical Sciences and Neuromotor (Prosthodontics), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - LF Valandro
- Luiz Felipe Valandro, DDS, MSD, PhD, associate professor, Restorative Dentistry (Prosthetic Dentistry Unit), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
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Murillo-Gómez F, Rueggeberg FA, De Goes MF. Short- and Long-Term Bond Strength Between Resin Cement and Glass-Ceramic Using a Silane-Containing Universal Adhesive. Oper Dent 2017; 42:514-525. [DOI: 10.2341/16-211-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various silane-containing solutions on bonding between resin cement and glass ceramic after 24 hours and after six months of water storage. Glass-ceramic plaques (IPS e.max CAD) were sandblasted with aluminum oxide, etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid (HF), and divided into five “silane treatment” groups: RelyX Ceramic Primer (RCP), RelyX Ceramic Primer and Single Bond Plus (RCP+SB), Scotchbond Universal (SBU), Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CP), and no solution (HF-only control). Each group was divided into two “storage time” subgroups: 24 hours or six months in 37°C water. Eighteen resin cement cylinders (RelyX Ultimate) were bonded to each treatment group substrate (n=18) and then subjected to microshear testing. Failure mode was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Debond data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05) as well as Weibull distributions. The factors “silane treatment,” “storage time,” (p<0.0001), and their interaction were statistically significant (p<0.0010). Group means (MPa±SD), RCP (24 hours: 27.2±3.1; six months: 18.0±4.9), and HF-only control (24 hours: 21.1±3.4; six months: 15.7±5.8) showed a reduced bond strength after six months of water storage, while RCP + SB (24 hours: 23.4±4.4; six months: 22.2±5.4), SBU (24 hours: 18.8±3.0; six months: 17.2±3.6), and CP (24 hours: 21.7±4.3; six months: 17.4±4.8) remained constant. Weibull analysis revealed that more reliable bond strengths were obtained after six months for SBU and RCP + SB. Evaluation by scanning electron microscopy revealed that all groups demonstrated hydrolytic degradation at six months of storage, but RCP + SB and SBU indicated less. Use of a separate application of silane and adhesive system improved short and long-term ceramic/resin cement bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Murillo-Gómez
- Fabián Murillo-Gómez, DDS, MS, PhD student, Dental Materials Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, and Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - FA Rueggeberg
- Frederick Allen Rueggeberg, DDS, MS, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Section of Dental Materials, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - MF De Goes
- Mario Fernando De Goes, DDS, MS, PhD, Dental Materials Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Puppin-Rontani J, Sundfeld D, Costa AR, Correr AB, Puppin-Rontani RM, Borges GA, Sinhoreti M, Correr-Sobrinho L. Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Etching Time on Bond Strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. Oper Dent 2017; 42:606-615. [PMID: 28708007 DOI: 10.2341/16-215-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) associated with varied etching times on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a resin cement to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Two hundred seventy-five ceramic blocks (IPS e.max Press [EMX], Ivoclar Vivadent), measuring 8 mm × 3 mm thickness, were randomly distributed into five groups according to the HF concentrations (n=50): 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Further random distribution into subgroups was performed according to the following etching times (n=10): 20, 40, 60, 120, and 20 + 20 seconds. After etching, all blocks were treated with a silane coupling agent followed by a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Three resin cement cylinders (∅=1 mm) were made on each EMX surface, which was then stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours before testing. The μSBS was in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. Data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05). One representative EMX sample was etched according to the description of each subgroup and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy for surface characterization. The HF concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% provided significantly higher μSBS values than 1% and 2.5% (p<0.05), regardless of the etching times. For 1% and 2.5% HF, the etching times from 40 to 120 seconds increased the μSBS values compared with 20 seconds (p<0.05), but etching periods did not differ within the 5%, 7.5%, and 10% HF groups (p>0.05). The effect of re-etching was more evident for 1% and 2.5% HF (p<0.05). Different HF concentrations/etching times directly influenced the bond strength and surface morphology of EMX.
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35
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Sundfeld D, Correr-Sobrinho L, Pini NIP, Costa AR, Sundfeld RH, Pfeifer CS, Martins LRM. The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Heat on the Bonding to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:727-733. [PMID: 27982186 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201601024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration and previous heat treatment (PHT) on the surface morphology and micro-shear bond strength (mSBS) of a lithium disilicate glass ceramic (EMX) to resin cement. One hundred four EMX specimens were randomly assigned to two groups (n=52) according to the HF concentration: 5% and 10%. A new random distribution was made according to the PHTs (n=13): control (no PHT); previously heated HF (70 °C); previously heated EMX surface (85 °C); the combination of heated HF + heated EMX surface. The etching time was set at 20 s. All EMX blocks were silanated and received a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Five resin cement cylinders were made on each EMX surface using Tygon tubes as matrices, and then stored for 24 h at 37 °C. One random etched EMX sample from each group was analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (a=0.05). For the control groups, 5% HF showed statistically lower mSBS values when compared to 10% HF (p<0.05). PHT increased the mSBS values for 5% HF, yielding statistically similar results to non-PHT 10% HF (p<0.05). FE-SEM images showed increased glassy matrix removal when PHT was applied to HF 5%, but not to the same degree as for 10% HF. PHT has the potential to improve the bond strength of 5% HF concentration on lithium disilicate glass ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sundfeld
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Núbia Inocêncya Pavesi Pini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Rosa Costa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Herman Sundfeld
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carmem Silvia Pfeifer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, OHSU - Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luis Roberto Marcondes Martins
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Spazzin AO, Bacchi A, Alessandretti R, Santos MB, Basso GR, Griggs J, Moraes RR. Ceramic strengthening by tuning the elastic moduli of resin-based luting agents. Dent Mater 2017; 33:358-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sattabanasuk V, Charnchairerk P, Punsukumtana L, Burrow MF. Effects of mechanical and chemical surface treatments on the resin-glass ceramic adhesion properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8. [PMID: 27282642 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Intraoral repair of fractured ceramic restorations using resin composite is practical for dental treatment. In the present study, we investigated whether differences in surface treatments for glass ceramic would affect resin adhesion. METHODS Leucite-reinforced glass ceramic plates (IPS Empress Esthetic) were ground with 320-grit silicon carbide paper, cleaned using phosphoric acid, and then etched with hydrofluoric acid (IPS Ceramic Etching Gel) or left unetched, and silanized using silane coupling agent (RelyX Ceramic Primer) or kept unsilanized. Either conventional (Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose) or universal (Scotchbond Universal) adhesive was used to bond the resin composite to ceramic surfaces. Specimens were subjected to microshear test after 37°C water storage for 24 h, and fractured surfaces were examined. Ceramic surface hydrophobicity after treatments was verified with contact angle measurements. Data were analyzed using anova and Tukey's tests. RESULTS Regardless of the adhesive tested, hydrofluoric acid-etched ceramics showed higher bond strengths. Ceramic primer application improved resin bonding, even in non-etched groups, and also influenced fractography (P < 0.001). Contact angles on ceramics treated with ceramic primer were higher than those treated with silane-containing universal adhesive (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Mechanical and chemical retentions contribute to resin adhesion to glass ceramic. Universal adhesive seems to not function in the same manner as a silane coupling agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanthana Sattabanasuk
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Paleenee Charnchairerk
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lada Punsukumtana
- Department of Science Service, Ministry of Science and Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael F Burrow
- Biomaterials Section, Melbourne Dental School, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Cecchin D, Farina AP, Vitti RP, Moraes RR, Bacchi A, Spazzin AO. Acid Etching and Surface Coating of Glass-Fiber Posts: Bond Strength and Interface Analysis. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:228-33. [PMID: 27058389 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a composite resin to glass-fiber post (GFP) treated or not with phosphoric acid, silane coupling agent, and unfilled resin. GFPs were etched or not with 37% phosphoric acid and different surface coating applied: silane coupling agent, unfilled resin, or both. Composite resin blocks were built around a 4-mm height on the GFP. Unfilled resin (20 s) and composite resin (40 s) were light activated by a light-emitting diode unit. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. Microtensile bond test was performed using a mechanical testing machine until failure (n=10). The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' test (p<0.05). Failure modes were classified as adhesive, mixed, or cohesive failures. Additional specimens (n=3) were made to analyze the bonded interfaces by scanning electron microscopy. The statistical analysis showed the factor 'surface coating' was significant (p<0.05), whereas the factor 'HP etching' (p=0.131) and interaction between the factors (p=0.171) were not significant. The highest bond strength was found for the silane and unfilled resin group (p<0.05). A predominance of adhesive and cohesive failures was found. Differences regarding the homogeneity and thickness of the unfilled resin layer formed by different GFP surface treatments were observed. The application of silane and unfilled resin can improve the bond strength between GFP and resin composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doglas Cecchin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Farina
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pino Vitti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ratto Moraes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ataís Bacchi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Faculdade Meridional, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Aloísio Oro Spazzin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Faculdade Meridional, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Soares LD, Basso GR, Spazzin AO, Griggs J, Moraes RR. Mechanical reliability of air-abraded and acid-etched bonded feldspar ceramic. Dent Mater 2016; 32:433-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Passia N, Lehmann F, Freitag-Wolf S, Kern M. Tensile bond strength of different universal adhesive systems to lithium disilicate ceramic. J Am Dent Assoc 2015; 146:729-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Influence of hydrofluoric acid concentration on the flexural strength of a feldspathic ceramic. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 48:241-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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42
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Sundfeld Neto D, Naves LZ, Costa AR, Correr AB, Consani S, Borges GA, Correr-Sobrinho L. The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration on the Bond Strength and Morphology of the Surface and Interface of Glass Ceramics to a Resin Cement. Oper Dent 2015; 40:470-9. [PMID: 25764043 DOI: 10.2341/14-133-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of various concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) on the surface/interface morphology and μ-shear bond strength (μSBS) between IPS Empress Esthetic (EST) (Ivoclar Vivadent) and IPS e.max Press (EMX) (Ivoclar Vivadent) ceramics and resin cement. Ceramic blocks were divided into 12 groups for each kind of ceramic. Six different HF concentrations were evaluated: 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15%. All groups were silanated after etching, and half of the specimens within each group received a thin layer of unfilled resin (UR). Three resin cement cylinders were prepared on each ceramic block for μSBS testing. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The μSBS test was carried out in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The data were submitted to three-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (p<0.05). The etched surfaces and bonded interfaces were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. μSBS means (MPa) for 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15% HF concentrations were, respectively, 25.2, 27.2, 30.1, 31.4, 33.3, and 31.8. μSBS means with or without UR application measured 32.24 and 27.4, respectively; EST and EMX measured 29.8 and 29.9, respectively. For the HF concentrations, 10% and 15% showed higher μSBS means than did 1% and 2.5% (p<0.05); 7.5% was higher than 1% (p<0.05); and no statistical differences were found among the other concentrations (p>0.05). When evaluating UR, μSBS mean was significantly higher and better infiltration was observed on the etched surfaces. No statistical difference was found between the ceramics. The HF concentration and UR influenced the bond strength and surface/interface morphology.
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Bottino MA, Snellaert A, Bergoli CD, Özcan M, Bottino MC, Valandro LF. Effect of Ceramic Etching Protocols on Resin Bond Strength to a Feldspar Ceramic. Oper Dent 2015; 40:E40-6. [DOI: 10.2341/13-344-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
This study sought to evaluate the resin microtensile bond strength (MTBS) stability of a leucite-reinforced ceramic after different ceramic etching protocols. The microtensile test had 40 ceramic blocks (5×5×6 mm) assigned to five groups (n=8), in accordance with the following surface etching protocols: NE nonetched (control); 9HF: hydrofluoric (HF) acid etching (9%HF)+wash/dry; 4HF: 4%HF+wash/dry; 5HF: 5%HF+wash/dry; and 5HF+N: 5%HF+neutralizer+wash/dry+ultrasonic-cleaning. Etched ceramic surfaces were treated with a silane agent. Next, resin cement blocks were built on the prepared ceramic surface and stored for 24 hours in distilled water at 37°C. The specimens were then sectioned to obtain microtensile beams (32/block), which were randomly assigned to the following conditions, nonaged (immediate test) and aged (water storage for 150 days plus 12,000 thermal cycles), before the microtensile test. Bond strength data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05). Additional ceramic samples were subjected to the different ceramic etching protocols and evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (n=2) and atomic force microscopy (n=2). Aging led to a statistically significant decrease in the MTBS for all groups, except the untreated one (NE). Among the groups submitted to the same aging conditions, the untreated (NE) revealed inferior MTBS values compared to the 9HF and 4HF groups. The 5HF and 5HF+N groups had intermediate mean values, being statistically similar to the higher values presented by the 9HF and 4HF groups and to the lower value associated with the NE group. The neutralization procedure did not enhance the ceramic/resin cement bond strength. HF acid etching is a crucial step in resin/ceramic bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Bottino
- Marco Antonio Bottino, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - A Snellaert
- Anamaria Snellaert, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - CD Bergoli
- Cesar Dalmolin Bergoli, Federal University of Pelotas, Restorative Dentistry (Prosthodontics), Pelotas, Brazil
| | - M Özcan
- Mutlu Özcan, Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - MC Bottino
- Marco Antonio Bottino, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - LF Valandro
- Luiz Felipe Valandro, Federal University of Santa Maria, Restorative Dentistry (Prosthodontics), Santa Maria, Brazil
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Xiaoping L, Dongfeng R, Silikas N. Effect of etching time and resin bond on the flexural strength of IPS e.max Press glass ceramic. Dent Mater 2014; 30:e330-6. [PMID: 25189110 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.08.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) etching time and resin cement bond on the flexural strength of IPS e.max(®) Press glass ceramic. METHODS Two hundred and ten bars, 25mm×3mm×2mm, were made from IPS e.max(®) Press ingots through lost-wax, hot-pressed ceramic fabrication technology and randomly divided into five groups with forty-two per group after polishing. The ceramic surfaces of different groups were etched by 9.5% hydrofluoric acid gel for 0, 20, 40, 60 and 120s respectively. Two specimens of each group were selected randomly to examine the surface roughness and 3-dimensional topography with atomic force microscope (AFM), and microstructure was analyzed by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Then each group were subdivided into two subgroups (n=20). One subgroup of this material was selected to receive a thin (approximately 0.1mm) layer of resin luting agent (Variolink N) whereas the other subgroup remained unaltered. Half of subgroup's specimens were thermocycled 10,000 times before a 3-point bending test in order to determine the flexural strength. Interface between resin cement and ceramic was examined with field emission scanning electronic microscope. RESULTS Roughness values increased with increasing etching time. The mean flexural strength values of group 0s, 20s, 40s, 60s and 120s were 384±33, 347±43, 330±53, 327±67 and 317±41MPa respectively. Increasing HF etching times reduced the mean flexural strength (p<0.05). However, the mean flexural strength of each group, except group 0s, increased significantly to 420±31, 435±50, 400±39 and 412±58MPa after the application of dual-curing resin cement. In the present investigation, no significant differences after thermocycling on the flexural strengths were evident. SIGNIFICANCE Overtime HF etching could have a wakening effect on IPS e.max(®) Press glass ceramic, but resin cement bonding to appropriately etched surface would strengthen the dental ceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Xiaoping
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ren Dongfeng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nick Silikas
- Manchester University Dental School, United Kingdom
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Tian T, Tsoi JKH, Matinlinna JP, Burrow MF. Aspects of bonding between resin luting cements and glass ceramic materials. Dent Mater 2014; 30:e147-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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46
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Tensile bond strength of resin composite repair in vitro using different surface preparation conditionings to an aged CAD/CAM resin nanoceramic. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:299-308. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1269-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Aladağ A, Elter B, Çömlekoğlu E, Kanat B, Sonugelen M, Kesercioğlu A, Özcan M. Effect of Different Cleaning Regimens on the Adhesion of Resin to Saliva-Contaminated Ceramics. J Prosthodont 2014; 24:136-45. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akın Aladağ
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Ege University; Izmir Turkey
| | - Bahar Elter
- Teaching assistant, Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Ege University; Izmir Turkey
| | - Erhan Çömlekoğlu
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Ege University; Izmir Turkey
| | - Burcu Kanat
- Research assistant, Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Ege University; Izmir Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sonugelen
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Ege University; Izmir Turkey
| | - Atilla Kesercioğlu
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Ege University; Izmir Turkey
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Professor, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science; Dental Materials Unit; Center for Dental and Oral Medicine; University of Zürich; Zurich Switzerland
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Valentini F, Moraes RR, Pereira-Cenci T, Boscato N. Influence of glass particle size of resin cements on bonding to glass ceramic: SEM and bond strength evaluation. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 77:363-7. [PMID: 24610793 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Valentini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Rafael R. Moraes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira-Cenci
- Graduate Program in Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Noéli Boscato
- Graduate Program in Dentistry; Federal University of Pelotas; Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Oliveira AS, Ramalho ES, Spazzin AO, Naves LZ, Moraes RR. Influence of silane and solvated bonding agents on the bond strength to glass-fibre posts. AUST ENDOD J 2013; 39:122-5. [PMID: 24279658 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2011.00337.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The combined use of silane and solvated bonding agents on the bond strength to glass-fibre posts was investigated. A model Bis-GMA/HEMA adhesive was formulated with no solvent, 30% of ethanol or 80% of acetone. The surfaces of rectangular-shaped posts were silanated or not and one of the agents was applied, except for the control group. Cylinders of resin cement (RelyX ARC, 3M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA) were built-up on the surfaces (n = 20) and submitted to shear testing. All groups showed higher bond strengths when the surfaces were silanated. When no silanization was carried out, the use of bonding agents, either solvated or non-solvated, increased the bond strengths. All groups treated with both silane and bonding agent showed higher bond strengths than the group that was only silanated. Control and ethanol-based adhesives were similar, whereas the acetone-based agent yielded higher bond strengths. Adhesive failures were predominant. Combination of silane and adhesive enhanced the bond to fibre posts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline S Oliveira
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Posritong S, Borges ALS, Chu TMG, Eckert GJ, Bottino MA, Bottino MC. The impact of hydrofluoric acid etching followed by unfilled resin on the biaxial strength of a glass-ceramic. Dent Mater 2013; 29:e281-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.08.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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