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Centenaro GG, Favoreto MW, Cordeiro DCF, Carneiro TDS, Basting RT, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Effect of a brush tip on in-office bleaching gels in an attachable syringe: Hydrogen peroxide penetration, bleaching efficacy and amount of gel expended. J Dent 2024; 148:105239. [PMID: 39019248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber, bleaching efficacy (BE) and amount of gel expended during in-office bleaching using an applicator brush tip and conventional tip from different commercial brands. MATERIALS AND METHODS 104 human premolars were randomly distributed into thirteen groups (n = 8) according to the commercial brand: DSP White Clinic 35 % Calcium (DW), Nano White 35 % (NW), Total Blanc One-Step 35 % (TS), Whiteness HP Blue 35 % (WB), Potenza Bianco Pro SS 38 % (PB), Opalescence XTra Boost 40 % (OB), no bleaching (negative control), and application method: applicator brush tip and conventional tip for all groups. Initial HP concentration (%) was determined via titration and pH was measured with digital pH meter. Concentration (µg/mL) of HP into the pulp chamber was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the BE (ΔE*ab, ΔE00 and ΔWID) was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer, and the amount of gel expended was evaluated using a precision analytical digital balance. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA, Tukey's, and Dunnett's test. Comparison between HP into the pulp chamber vs BE was performed with Person's correlation (α = 0.05). RESULTS Brush tip demonstrated a low amount of HP in the pulp chamber compared to the conventional method for all bleaching gels (p < 0.0003), as well as lower amount of gel expended (p < 0.002). The brush tip did not result in a significant difference in BE compared to the conventional (p > 0.05). No correlations were found between both factors (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Brush tip showed lower penetration of HP in the pulp chamber and a reduced volume of spent gel when compared to the conventional tip, for all commercial brands. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Brush tip is recommended for bleaching gels in an attachable syringe due to its ability to reduce the penetration of HP into the pulp chamber and minimize the amount of bleaching gel used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Gomes Centenaro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Michael Willian Favoreto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil; School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Parana, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Taynara de Souza Carneiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil; Health Sciences Faculty, IDIBO research group, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
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Rasheed HA, Adeleke AA, Nzerem P, Olosho AI, Ogedengbe TS, Jesuloluwa S. Isolation, characterization and response surface method optimization of cellulose from hybridized agricultural wastes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14310. [PMID: 38906961 PMCID: PMC11192890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the utilization of eight readily available agricultural waste varieties in Nigeria-sugarcane bagasse, corn husk, corn cob, wheat husk, melina, acacia, mahogany, and ironwood sawdust-as potential sources of cellulose. Gravimetric analysis was employed to assess the cellulose content of these wastes, following which two selected wastes were combined based on their cellulose content and abundance to serve as the raw material for the extraction process. Response Surface Methodology, including Box-Behnken design, was applied to enhance control over variables, establish an optimal starting point, and determine the most favorable reaction conditions. The cellulose extracted under various conditions was comprehensively examined for content, structure, extent of crystallinity, and morphological properties. Characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy were employed for detailed analysis. Compositional analysis revealed sugarcane bagasse and corn cob to possess the highest cellulose content, at 41 ± 0.41% and 40 ± 0.32% respectively, with FTIR analysis confirming relatively low C=C bond intensity in these samples. RSM optimization indicated a potential 46% isolated yield from a hybrid composition of sugarcane bagasse and corn cob at NaOH concentration of 2%, temperature of 45 °C, and 10 ml of 38% H2O2. However, FTIR analyses revealed the persistence of non-cellulosic materials in this sample. Further analysis demonstrated that cellulose isolated at NaOH concentration of 10%, temperature of 70 °C, and 20 ml of 38% H2O2 was of high purity, with a yield of 42%. Numerical optimization within this extraction condition range predicted a yield of 45.6% at NaOH concentration of 5%, temperature of 45 °C, and 20 ml of 38% H2O2. Model validation confirmed an actual yield of 43.9% at this condition, aligning closely with the predicted value. These findings underscore the significant potential of combinning and utilizing agricultural wastes as a valuable source of cellulose, paving the way for sustainable and resource-efficient practices in various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauwa A Rasheed
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Nile University of Nigeria, Plot 681, Cadastral Zone C, Airport Road, Jabi, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.
| | - Adekunle A Adeleke
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nile University of Nigeria, Plot 681, Cadastral Zone C, Airport Road, Jabi, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Petrus Nzerem
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Nile University of Nigeria, Plot 681, Cadastral Zone C, Airport Road, Jabi, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Adebayo I Olosho
- Department of Chemistry, African University of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Temitayo S Ogedengbe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nile University of Nigeria, Plot 681, Cadastral Zone C, Airport Road, Jabi, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
| | - Seun Jesuloluwa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nile University of Nigeria, Plot 681, Cadastral Zone C, Airport Road, Jabi, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
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Favoreto MW, Camargo CM, Forville H, Carneiro TDS, Ñaupari-Villasante R, Wendlinger M, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Bleaching efficacy of in-office dental bleaching with different application protocols: a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:295. [PMID: 38700548 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the equivalence in the color change, adverse effects, self-perception (AS) and the impact on oral condition (IO) of participants submitted to different application protocols of in-office dental bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS 165 participants were bleached with a 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (Total Blanc Office One-Step, DFL), according to the following protocols: (1) 2 applications of 20-min each (2 × 20 min); (2) 1 × 40-min and; (3) 1 × 30-min. The color change was evaluated with the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer, Vita Classical and Vita Bleachedguide scales. The intensity and risk of tooth sensitivity (TS) and gingival irritation (GI) were recorded using a 0-10 visual analogue scale (VAS). AS and IO was assessed before and after the bleaching procedure using the Orofacial Aesthetic Scale and Oral Health Impact Profile-14, respectively. RESULTS Equivalent color change were observed (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between groups. The group 2 × 20 min presented the highest risk of TS (76%, 95% CI 63 to 85), compared to the 1 × 30 min (p < 0.04). The intensity of TS and GI and the risk of GI was similar between groups (p > 0.31). Irrespectively of the group (p = 0.32), significant improvements were observed for all items of AS and IO after bleaching (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The 1 × 30 min protocol produced equivalent color change to the other bleaching protocols with reduced risk of TS and shorter application time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A more simplified application regimen of a single application of 30 min yields effective bleaching and patient satisfaction while minimizing undesirable side effects and improving patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Willian Favoreto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila Mendes Camargo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Forville
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
| | - Taynara de Souza Carneiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
- Area of Stomatology, IDIBO research group, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Romina Ñaupari-Villasante
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
| | - Michel Wendlinger
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Parana, 4748, Brazil.
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Vardasca IS, Favoreto MW, de Araujo Regis M, de Souza Carneiro T, Hul EA, Borges CPF, Reis A, Loguercio AD, Francci C. Low and high hydrogen peroxide concentrations of in-office dental bleaching associated with violet light: an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:171. [PMID: 38400920 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05549-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess hydrogen peroxide (HP) penetration within the pulp chamber, color change (CC), physical-chemical properties, and temperature using in-office different concentration bleaching gels with or without violet light. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10) based on the HP concentration bleaching gels used (6% and 35%) and the used violet light (with or without). HP penetration within the pulp chamber was measured using UV-Vis. The CC was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer. Initial and final concentration, and pH were measured through titration, and a Digital pHmeter, respectively. Temperature analyses were measured through a thermocouple. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA, Tukey's, and Dunnett's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The presence of violet light did not affect the amount of HP within the pulp chamber, or the CC (p > 0.05). Greater penetration of HP was observed within the pulp chamber, as well as CC when using 35% HP (p < 0.05). The final concentration of both gels was lower than the initial concentration, regardless of the use of violet light (p < 0.05). The initial and final pH levels remained neutral and stable (p > 0.05). The pulp temperature increased when the gels were used in conjunction with violet light (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Using violet light in conjunction with 6% or 35% HP does not alter the physical properties of the bleaching agents, the penetration of HP or enhance color change. However, an increase in temperature was observed when violet light was applied associated with bleaching gels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE While the simultaneous use of violet light with hydrogen peroxide 6% or 35% does not alter the material's properties, it also does not bring benefits in reducing hydrogen peroxide penetration and improving color change. Furthermore, the use of violet light increases pulp temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Willian Favoreto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Taynara de Souza Carneiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
- Area of Stomatology, IDIBO Research Group, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emanuel Adriano Hul
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Francci
- Department of Dental Materials, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Durão P, Kis P, Chelo IM, Ventura MR, Martins LO. Environmentally Friendly Degradation and Detoxification of Rifampicin by a Bacterial Laccase and Hydrogen Peroxide. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300627. [PMID: 37947295 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are micropollutants accumulating in our rivers and wastewaters, potentially leading to bacterial antibiotic resistance, a worldwide problem to which there is no current solution. Here, we have developed an environmentally friendly two-step process to transform the antibiotic rifampicin (RIF) into non-antimicrobial compounds. The process involves an enzymatic oxidation step by the bacterial CotA-laccase and a hydrogen peroxide bleaching step. NMR identified rifampicin quinone as the main product of the enzymatic oxidation. Growth of Escherichia coli strains in the presence of final degradation products (FP) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurements confirmed that FP are non-anti-microbial compounds, and bioassays suggest that FP is not toxic to eukaryotic organisms. Moreover, competitive fitness assays between susceptible and RIF-resistant bacteria show that susceptible bacteria is strongly favoured in the presence of FP. Our results show that we have developed a robust and environmentally friendly process to effectively remediate rifampicin from antibiotic contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Durão
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Peter Kis
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ivo M Chelo
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Rita Ventura
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Lígia O Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
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Motevasselian F, Kermanshah H, Dortaj D, Lippert F. Effect of pH of In-Office Bleaching Gels and Timing of Fluoride Gel Application on Microhardness and Surface Morphology of Enamel. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:1041889. [PMID: 37705827 PMCID: PMC10497361 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1041889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess microhardness (VH) of enamel treated with two in-office bleaching agents with different pH and to study the effect of post- and prebleaching fluoride therapy. Materials and Methods Eighty bovine incisors were divided into eight groups: G1-Unbleached group; G2-2% NaF; G3-Pola Office (pH = 3.8); G4-Pola Office+ (pH = 7); G5-Pola Office followed by 2% NaF; G6-2% NaF followed by Pola Office; G7-Pola Office+ followed by 2% NaF; G8-2% NaF followed by Pola Office+. Bleaching was conducted 3x with 1-week intervals (T1/T7/T14). Specimens were kept in artificial saliva. VH was measured at T1, T7, and T14. Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Result There was no significant difference among the groups at T1. No significant difference was found between G3 and G4 at all intervals. 2% NaF (G5/G6 vs. G3) significantly prevented softening at T7 and T14. Some nonsignificant hardening was observed for 2% NaF for G7/G8 vs. G4. At T14, G3 showed the lowest VH values. G5 showed higher VH values compared to other groups apart from G6-G7. No relationship between bleaching protocols and surface morphology was observed. Conclusion Pola Office caused the most softening. 2% NaF gel application after Pola Office bleaching was effective in recovering enamel hardness. Fluoride application after Pola Office+ bleaching provided little benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Motevasselian
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Kermanshah
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorara Dortaj
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Forville H, Favoreto MW, Carneiro TS, Terra R, Pinheiro LA, Borges C, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Bleaching Gels Used After 1 Week of Mixing: Efficacy, Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration, and Physical-chemical Properties. Oper Dent 2023; 48:564-574. [PMID: 37721110 DOI: 10.2341/23-010-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the bleaching efficacy (BE), hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp chamber (HPP), and physical-chemical properties (concentration, pH, and viscosity) of in-office bleaching gels immediately and after 1 week of mixing. METHODS AND MATERIALS We randomly divided 49 premolars into seven groups: control (no bleaching) and the following in-office bleaching (Opalescence Boost 40%, Total Blanc One Step 35%, and Whiteness HP Blue 35%) applied at two storage times: immediately and after 1 week. We evaluated the BE using a digital spectrophotometer and the HPP through UV-Vis spectroscopy. We measured the initial concentration, pH, and viscosity using titration, a Digital pH meter and Rheometer, respectively. For statistical analysis, we used a twoway analysis of variance and Tukey and Dunnet tests (α=0.05). RESULTS We observed higher BE and HPP for Opalescence Boost and Total Blanc One Step after 1 week of mixing than for Whiteness HP Blue (p<0.001). We observed a significantly lower initial concentration for Whiteness HP Blue 1 week after mixing compared to immediately (p=0.00001). All bleaching gels showed a decrease in pH after 1 week of mixing (p=0.00003). However, Total Blanc One Step had a lower pH at both evaluation times (p<0.001). Only Opalescence Boost maintained viscosity 1 week after mixing. CONCLUSIONS Opalescence Boost was the only bleaching gel able to keep bleaching efficacy, with the same characteristics of permeability and physical- chemical properties after 1 week of mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Forville
- Heloisa Forville, DDS, MSc, PhD student, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - M W Favoreto
- Michael W. Favoreto, DDS, MSc, PhD student, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - T S Carneiro
- Taynara S. Carneiro, DDS, MSc, PhD student, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Rmo Terra
- Renata M. O. Terra, DDS, MSc, PhD student, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - L A Pinheiro
- Luis A. Pinheiro, DDS, MSc, PhD, School of Materials Engineering, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Cpf Borges
- Christiane P. F. Borges, DDS, PhD, School of Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - A D Loguercio
- *Alessandro D. Loguercio, DDS, MSc, PhD, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
| | - A Reis
- Alessandra Reis, DDS, PhD, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Parana, Brazil
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Shimojima M, Hiraishi N, Akabane K, Nassar M, Otsuki M, Shimada Y. Effect of an In-Office Bleaching Agent with Surface Pre-Reacted Glass-Ionomer Filler on the Enamel Surface: A In-Vitro Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:386. [PMID: 37504881 PMCID: PMC10381306 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In-office bleaching with high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) agents causes undesirable alterations in the enamel. Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler is a functional material known for its acid-neutralizing and demineralization-inhibition properties. This study evaluates the effect of S-PRG filler incorporation in H2O2-based bleaching on the enamel surface. Bovine enamel surfaces were bleached using a bleaching paste formulated with a liquid (35% H2O2) and a powder containing 5% or 10% S-PRG filler. The surface roughness and the Vickers microhardness of the treated enamel surfaces were evaluated. The enamel surfaces were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) technology. The surfaces were challenged by citric acid and observed by SEM. The specimens bleached with the paste containing the S-PRG filler showed lower enamel surface roughness and higher microhardness values than did those bleached with the plain paste (0% S-PRG filler); meanwhile, there were no significant differences between the 5% or 10% S-PRG filler groups. The S-PRG filler groups showed enamel surface morphologies similar to those of the non-bleached enamel, according to SEM observation, and EDX analysis detected the presence of fluoride and strontium ions. The S-PRG filler groups showed a higher resistance to erosion. The S-PRG filler mitigated the detrimental effects of bleaching agents on the enamel surface and provided resistance to erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Shimojima
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kodai Akabane
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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9
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da Silva KL, Favoreto MW, Centenaro GG, Bernardi LG, Borges CPF, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Can all highly concentrated in-office bleaching gels be used as a single-application? Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:3663-3671. [PMID: 37017758 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04980-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in vitro study aims to evaluate of hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion into the pulp chamber, bleaching efficacy (BE), and pH stability (pH) of single-application high concentrated in-office bleaching gels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-eight healthy premolars were randomly into eleven groups (n = 8) according to the in-office dental bleaching: DSP White Clinic 35% calcium (DW), Nano White 35% (NW), Opalescence XTra Boost 40% (OB), Pola Office + 37.5% (PO), Potenza Bianco Pro SS 38% (PB), Total Blanc 35% (TB), Total Blanc One-Step 35% (TO), Whiteness Automixx 35% (WA), Whiteness Automixx Plus 35% (WP), and Whiteness HP Blue 35% (WB). A group not exposed to bleaching agents was the control group (CG). All bleaching agents were applied in one session with a single application. After the bleaching procedure, the concentration of HP diffusion (μg/mL) into the pulp chamber was assessed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The BE (ΔEab and ΔE00) was evaluated before and 1 week after the bleaching procedure using a digital spectrophotometer. The pH of each bleaching gel was evaluated by digital pHmeter. The one-way ANOVA and Tukey's was used for a statistical analysis (α = 0.05). RESULTS The concentration of HP diffusion into the pulp chamber was higher in all in-office bleaching gels when compared to CG (p < 0.0000001). However, there are a significant difference between them (p = 0.0001). A significant BE was observed in all in-office bleaching gels (p < 0.0001 for ΔEab and ΔE00), with a significant difference between them (p < 0.0001). PO, OB, TB, WP, and WB showed a higher BE when compared to DW, PB, and WA (p < 0.0001). Most bleaching gels were slightly acidic or alkaline during the total application time, while DW, PB, TB, and WA showed a high acidic behavior after 30 min of application. CONCLUSIONS A single application was able to produce a bleaching efficacy. However, usually, gels with slightly acidic or alkaline pH during the application time reduces the HP diffusion into the pulp chamber. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The single-application of bleaching gels with slightly acidic or alkaline and stable pH decreased the penetration of hydrogen peroxide into the pulp chamber in in-office bleaching and maintained the bleaching efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Letícia da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Michael Willian Favoreto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Gomes Centenaro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laís Giacomini Bernardi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Bloco M - Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
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Manzoli TM, Costa JLDSG, Besegato JF, Zaniboni JF, Galvani LD, Dantas AAR, Kuga MC. Microstructural effect of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide photoactivated with LED/laser. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103613. [PMID: 37201771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) photoactivated with LED/laser sources is recurrent; however, their influence on tooth structure is not yet fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the pH, microhardness and surface roughness of different bleaching protocols photoactivated with LED/laser. METHODS Forty bovine incisors were sectioned (7×7×2mm) and randomized into four groups for analysis of pH (n=5), microhardness and roughness (n=10): HP35, HP6_L, HP15_L, HP35_L. The pH analysis was performed in the initial and final minute of the bleaching protocol. Microhardness and roughness were evaluated before and 7 days after the last bleaching session. Results were obtained from two-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Bonferroni post-test at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS HP6_L showed higher pH and greater stability between the initial and final evaluations, while the other groups showed similar pH with reduced values in the intragroup evaluation. No differences between groups in microhardness and roughness evaluations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although HP6_L showed higher alkalinity and pH stability, none of the protocols reduced the microhardness and surface roughness of bovine enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Miranda Manzoli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - João Felipe Besegato
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Joissi Ferrari Zaniboni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - Lucas David Galvani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Abi Rached Dantas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - Milton Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
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Akabane K, Hiraishi N, Shimojima M, Nassar M, Qi F, Otsuki M, Shimada Y. The bleaching effect of office bleaching agents containing S-PRG filler evaluated by pH value and electron spin resonance. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-023-05031-0. [PMID: 37133698 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler releases six types of ions with a neutralizing ability. This study evaluated the effect of S-PRG filler incorporation in an H2O2-based bleaching material on the bleaching efficacy, pH, and reaction state. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimental bleaching material was formulated by the addition of 5% or 10% S-PRG fillers to the powder part. The stained bovine teeth were treated with the prepared bleaching paste. Commission internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) L*a*b* color space values were recorded before and after bleaching, and the color difference (ΔE) and whiteness index (WID) were calculated. Moreover, the used bleaching formulations were assessed for their pH values and reaction state by evaluating the oxidation state of manganese (Mn+2) using electron spin resonance (ESR). RESULTS The results of ΔE and WID showed that the addition of S-PRG filler increased the bleaching effect, but there was no significant difference between the groups with 5% and 10% S-PRG filler. A significant increase in pH in S-PRG filler groups (5% pH 6.7, 10% pH 6.8) was found compared to the 0% group (pH 4.8). ESR measurements showed that the signal emitted from Mn+2 decreased over time. The S-PRG filler groups showed a significantly higher reduction in Mn+2 compared to the 0% group, with no significant difference between the 5% and 10% S-PRG groups. CONCLUSIONS S-PRG filler addition resulted in improved bleaching efficacy, higher reaction rate, and pH values that are close to neutral. CLINICAL RELEVANCE S-PRG filler addition may be effective on the bleaching outcome of H2O2-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Akabane
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Mika Shimojima
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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12
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Favoreto MW, de Souza Carneiro T, Forville H, Burey A, Simas Dreweck FD, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Use of calcium-containing bioactive desensitizers in dental bleaching: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc 2023; 154:245-259.e12. [PMID: 36717350 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topical application of calcium-containing bioactive desensitizers (CBs) has been used to minimize bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity (TS). This study answered the research question "Is the risk of TS lower when CBs are used with dental bleaching in adults compared with bleaching without desensitizers?" TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors included randomized clinical trials comparing topical CB application with a placebo or no intervention during bleaching. Searches for eligible articles were performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Brazilian Library in Dentistry, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and gray literature without language and date restrictions and updated in September 2022. The risk of bias was evaluated using Risk of Bias Version 2.0. The authors conducted meta-analyses with the random-effects model. The authors assessed heterogeneity with the Cochrane Q test, I2 statistics, and prediction interval. The authors used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to assess the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS After database screening, 22 studies remained, with most at high risk of bias. No difference in the risk of TS was detected (risk ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.01; P = .08, low certainty). In a visual analog scale, the intensity of TS (mean difference, -0.98; 95% CI, -1.36 to -0.60; P < .0001, very low certainty) was lower for the CB group. The color change was unaffected (P > .08). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Although topical CB dental bleaching did not reduce the risk of TS and color change, these agents slightly reduced the TS intensity, but the certainty of the evidence is very low.
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13
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Mailart MC, Dos Santos KC, Torres CRG, Borges AB. Chemical behavior of 20%-22% carbamide peroxide gels in at-home bleaching: Randomized crossover in situ trial. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:416-422. [PMID: 36200919 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if distinct 20%-22% carbamide peroxide bleaching gels present similar decomposition pattern and pH during the clinical use in both arches, as well as gels viscosity. METHODS Participants randomly received treatments with carbamide peroxide gels (n = 10): OPF (OpalescencePF-20%); PNT (Polanight-22%); and WPC (Whiteness Perfect-22%) in three different days, with 2-day washout. Decomposition pattern was assessed by peroxide concentration. Both PC and pH of bleaching gels were measured in different time points in upper and lower trays during a total of 120 min of clinical use. Viscosity of bleaching gels was measured in triplicate. ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied (α = 0.05). RESULTS Regarding decomposition pattern, no significant differences were observed for the interaction between gel, time, and tray position factors. The peroxide concentration progressively reduced until 120 min of trays use (p < 0.001), being overall more notable in lower trays (p < 0.001). Regarding pH, the lowest values were verified in WPC within time. At 120 min, an increase of pH was observed for both WPC and OPF (p < 0.001) compared to baseline means. PNT exhibited constant pH values over time. The values of viscosity were: OPF (1.682.000 ± 19 cP)a, WPC (1.388.667 ± 172.63 cP)ab, PNT (579.567 ± 0.98 cP)b. CONCLUSIONS The bleaching gels presented overall decomposition pattern clinically equivalent, being more notable in lower trays over time. Nevertheless, distinct pH and viscosities were observed among the products. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Although the manufacturers recommend different times of use for bleaching gels with similar peroxide concentrations, the commercial products tested did not exhibit clinically relevant difference in the decomposition pattern during the 120 min of clinical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Cintra Mailart
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine Carvalho Dos Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hamdy TM, Abdelnabi A, Othman MS, Bayoumi RE, Abdelraouf RM. Effect of Different Mouthwashes on the Surface Microhardness and Color Stability of Dental Nanohybrid Resin Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040815. [PMID: 36850099 PMCID: PMC9961015 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surface microhardness and color stability of dental restorative material should be sustained throughout its functional lifetime to maintain the esthetic quality of the restoration. However, the frequent application of mouthwash may affect their surface microhardness and color stability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different types of mouthwashes with different contents on surface microhardness and color stability of dental nanohybrid resin-based composite. METHODS Disc specimens of nanohybrid resin composite (Luna Nano-Hybrid Composite) were prepared according to manufacturing instructions; specimens were incubated for 24 h in three types of mouthwash (Chlorohexidine, Listerine Green Tea, and Colgate Optic White Whitening Mouthwash). Artificial saliva was used as a control group. Surface microhardness was evaluated using Vickers microhardness device. Color stability after and before immersion in the different mouthwashes was evaluated using extra-oral spectrophotometer; the values of color change (ΔE00) were subsequently calculated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS There was no significant difference between microhardness of resin composite immersed in artificial saliva, CHX, and Green Tea mouthwashes (78.5, 78.4, and 73.5, respectively) (p ≥ 0.1), while the bleaching mouthwash led to the lowest microhardness of resin composite, with significant difference compared to the three previous immersion media (p = 0.002). Moreover, there were significant differences in the color changes (ΔE00) of resin composite exposed to the various immersion media (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The bleaching mouthwash led to a significant reduction in nanohybrid resin composite's microhardness compared to the chlorohexidine and Green Tea containing mouthwashes. The resin composite's color change was accepted in bleaching mouthwash but unaccepted in chlorohexidine and Green Tea containing mouthwashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer M. Hamdy
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ali Abdelnabi
- Restorative and Dental Materials Department, Oral and Dental Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Maha S. Othman
- Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - Rania E. Bayoumi
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry (Girls), Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. Abdelraouf
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Samiotis G, Ziagova MG, Amanatidou E. Wastewater substrate disinfection for cyanobacteria cultivation as tertiary treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:8746-8758. [PMID: 35478395 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cultivation of microalgae or/and cyanobacteria in nutrient-rich wastewaters offers an opportunity for enhancing sustainability of tertiary wastewater treatment processes via resources/energy recovery/production, mitigation of emitted GHGs and provision of added value products. However, maintaining a monoculture in wastewater-media constitutes a significant challenge to be addressed. In this regard, the present work assesses the efficiency of the low-cost wastewater substrate disinfection techniques of filtration, use of NaClO, H2O2 or Fe(VI), as a preliminary treatment stage upstream a cyanobacteria cultivation photobioreactor. The growth rate of cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, and nitrate and phosphate removal rates, were experimentally assessed in cultivation setups with biologically treated dairy wastewater that had been subjected to a single or a synergetic couple of disinfection techniques. The results showed that filter thickness has a greater effect on disinfection efficiency than filter pore size. Furthermore, the disinfection efficiency of Fe(VI), which was produced on-site by electrosynthesis via a Fe0/Fe0 cell, was greater than that of NaClO and H2O2. Filtration at ≤ 1.2-μm pore size coupled with chemical disinfection led to unhindered Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 growth and efficient nitrate and phosphate removal rates, at dosages, in terms of Concentreation-Time (CT) product, of CT ≥ 270 mg min L-1 for NaClO and CT ≥ 157 mg min L-1 for Fe(VI). The coagulation action of Fe(III) species that result from Fe(VI) reduction and the oxidation action of Fe(VI) can assist in turbidity, organic compounds and phosphorous removal from wastewater media. Moreover, the residual iron species can assist in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 harvesting and may enhance photosynthesis rate by increasing light transfer efficiency. Thus, a filtration configuration coupled with chemical disinfection, preferably using ferrates, downstream of sedimentation tank of a secondary biological wastewater treatment stage is proposed as a necessary, efficient and low-cost disinfection technique for full-scale scale implementation of cyanobacteria cultivation as tertiary wastewater processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Samiotis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100, Kila, Kozani, Greece
| | - Maria G Ziagova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100, Kila, Kozani, Greece
| | - Elisavet Amanatidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100, Kila, Kozani, Greece.
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Manzoli TM, Costa JLDSG, Besegato JF, Gelio MB, Galvani LD, Bordini EAF, Kuga MC, Dantas AAR. Violet LED associated with high concentration hydrogen peroxide: Effects on bleaching efficacy, pH, and temperature. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103133. [PMID: 36162757 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the bleaching efficacy, pH, and temperature of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel used alone or associated with violet LED. METHODS Sixty bovine crowns were sectioned (5 × 5 × 2mm). After staining with black tea, the specimens were randomized into four groups (n = 10) according to the bleaching protocol: HP35R: 3 × 15 min 35% HP; HP35: 1 × 45 min 35% HP; HP35VR: 3 × 8min 35% HP + Violet LED; HP35V: 1 × 24 min + Violet LED. Two bleaching sessions were performed for all the groups. Color change was evaluated before, 24h after each session, 7 days and 15 days after the last session. The variables ∆E00 [CIEDE2000] and WID were used for color analysis. The pH variation (initial and final) and the temperature of the gel were recorded (n = 5). ANOVA two-way for repeated measures and Bonferroni post-test was used at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS HP35VR and HP35V the most noticeable color change(p < 0.05). The final values of pH were lower than the initial ones, but with no difference between the groups (p > 0.05). Groups HP35VR and HP35V showed an increase in temperature in relation to HP35R (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Violet LED improved the bleaching efficacy of 35% HP in a time-saving manner without negatively affecting the pH and temperature of 35% HP. The renewal of HP did not influence the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Miranda Manzoli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - João Felipe Besegato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Bena Gelio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lucas David Galvani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, ZIP Code 17012-901, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Milton Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Abi Rached Dantas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá Street - 3rd floor, Centro, Mail Box: 331, ZIP Code 14801-903, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Chen WH, Ho KY, Lee KT, Ding L, Andrew Lin KY, Rajendran S, Singh Y, Chang JS. Dual pretreatment of mixing H 2O 2 followed by torrefaction to upgrade spent coffee grounds for fuel production and upgrade level identification of H 2O 2 pretreatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114016. [PMID: 35977586 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a carbon-neutral solid fuel and has emerged as a potential candidate to replace coal. Meanwhile, spent coffee grounds (SCGs) are an abundant and promising biomass waste that could be used for biochar production. This study develops a biochar valorization strategy by mixing SCGs with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at a weight ratio of 1:0.75 to upgrade SCG biochar. In this dual pretreatment method, the H2O2 oxidative ability at a pretreatment temperature of 105 °C contributes to an increase in the higher heating value (HHV) and carbon content of the SCG biochars. The HHV and carbon content of biochar increase by about 6.5% and 7.8%, respectively, when compared to the unpretreated one under the same conditions. Maximized biochar's HHV derived via the Taguchi method is 30.33 MJkg-1, a 46.9% increase compared to the raw SCG, and a 6.5% increase compared to the unpretreated SCG biochar. The H2O2 concentration is 18% for the maximized HHV. A quantitative identification index of intensity of difference (IOD) is adopted to evaluate the contributive level of H2O2 pretreatment in terms of the HHV and carbon content. IOD increases with increasing H2O2 pretreatment temperature. Before torrefaction, SCGs' IOD pretreated at 50 °C is 1.94%, while that pretreated at 105 °C is 8.06%. This is because, before torrefaction, H2O2 pretreatment sufficiently weakens SCGs' molecular structure, resulting in a higher IOD value. The IOD value of torrefied SCGs (TSCG) pretreated at 105 °C is 10.71%, accounting for a 4.59% increase compared to that pretreated at 50 °C. This implies that TSCG pretreated by H2O2 at 105 °C has better thermal stability. For every 1% increase in IOD of TSCG, the carbon content of the biochar increases 0.726%, and the HHV increases 0.529%. Overall, it is demonstrated that H2O2 is a green and promising pretreatment additive for upgrading SCG biochar's calorific value, and torrefied SCGs can be used as a potential solid fuel to approach carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Yu Ho
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Lee
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Lu Ding
- Institute of Clean Coal Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Avda. General Velásquez 1775, Arica, Chile
| | - Yashvir Singh
- Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 411, Taiwan
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18
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Costa JLDSG, Nogueira BR, Batista de Oliveira Junior O, Pretel H. The influence of hydrogen peroxide concentration on the chemical kinetics of photo-accelerated tooth whitening. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103175. [PMID: 36332894 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bleaching procedure consists of chemical principles of free radical release that react with chromophores, which results in an amount of energy released in this process. However, the evaluation of the electrical potential generated in these protocols has not yet been thoroughly investigated in the literature. Thus, this study aimed to examine variations in pH, mV, and temperature of different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in the presence or absence of an intermittent LED/LASER photo acceleration system. METHODS The study was divided into six groups (n = 9) according to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (6%, 15%, and 35%), associated or not with the photo acceleration system LED/LASER. We followed the variation of pH, mV, and temperature at 1, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min after gel manipulation. Data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA of repeated measures (α =0.05). RESULTS pH, mV, and temperature of the groups showed statistical differences both in the light and bleach and in the interaction between the two factors (p < 0.0001), where pH and mV were more influenced by the bleach and light factor, while the temperature was influenced by the bleach factor associated with light. HP15 presented the most significant change in pH, mV, and temperature. CONCLUSION The use of LED/laser increased the temperature of the gels and altered the pH and mV kinetics of HP6 and HP15, which did not occur in HP35, possibly due to the high ionic potential linked to the concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 3rd floor, Humaitá Street, 1680 - Centro, Mail Box: 331, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Básia Rabelo Nogueira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 3rd floor, Humaitá Street, 1680 - Centro, Mail Box: 331, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Osmir Batista de Oliveira Junior
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 3rd floor, Humaitá Street, 1680 - Centro, Mail Box: 331, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Hermes Pretel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 3rd floor, Humaitá Street, 1680 - Centro, Mail Box: 331, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
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Antunes EVG, Basting RT, do Amaral FLB, França FMG, Turssi CP, Kantovitz KR, Bronze-Uhle ES, Filho PNL, Basting RT. Titanium dioxide nanotubes in a hydrogen peroxide-based bleaching agent: physicochemical properties and effectiveness of dental bleaching under the influence of a poliwave led light activation. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 27:1745-1755. [PMID: 36441269 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04802-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effects of different concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2) into 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) were evaluated as regards the effectiveness of dental color change either associated with activation by polywave LED light or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS TiO2 (0, 1, 5, or 10%) was incorporated into HP to be applied during in-office bleaching (3 sessions/40 min each). Polywave LED light (Valo Corded/Ultradent) was applied or not in activation cycles of 15 s (total time of 2 min). The color of 80 third molars separated into groups according to TiO2 concentration and light activation (n = 10) was evaluated at baseline and at time intervals after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd bleaching sessions. RESULTS WID value was significantly higher when using HP with 5% TiO2 in the 2nd session than the values in the other groups (p < 0.05). After the 2nd and 3rd sessions, the ΔEab value was significantly higher when activated with light (p < 0.05) for all agents containing TiO2 or not. Zeta potential and pH of the agents were not modified by incorporating TiO2 at the different concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The 5% TiO2 in the bleaching agent could enhance tooth bleaching, even without light application. Association with polywave LED light potentiated the color change, irrespective of the presence of TiO2 in the bleaching gel. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE HP with 5% TiO2 could lead to a greater tooth bleaching response in the 2nd clinical session, as well as the polywave light can enhance color change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosanna Tarkany Basting
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Bairro Swift, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13045-755, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cecilia Pedroso Turssi
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Bairro Swift, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Kamila Rosamilia Kantovitz
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Bairro Swift, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Erika Soares Bronze-Uhle
- School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 2085, Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel, Bauru, São Paulo, CEP: 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Paulo Noronha Lisboa Filho
- School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 2085, Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel, Bauru, São Paulo, CEP: 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Roberta Tarkany Basting
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Bairro Swift, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13045-755, Brazil.
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Biomimetic Whitening Effect of Polyphosphate-Bleaching Agents on Dental Enamel. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040183. [PMID: 36412711 PMCID: PMC9680262 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study investigated the extrinsic tooth-whitening effect of bleaching products containing polyphosphates on the dental enamel surface compared to 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Eighty human molars were randomly allocated into four whitening-products groups. Group A (control) was treated with 10% CP (Opalescence). The other groups with non-CP over-the-counter (OTC) products were group B = polyphosphates (iWhiteWhitening-Kit); group C = polyphosphates+fluoride (iWhite-toothpaste); and group D = sodium bicarbonate (24K-Whitening-Pen). L*, a*, b* color-parameters were spectrophotometer-recorded at baseline (T0), one day (T1), and one month (T2) post-treatment. Changes in teeth color (ΔEab) were calculated. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and the Bonferroni test (α = 0.05). Groups A, B, and D showed significant differences in ΔL*&Δa* parameters at T1, but not in Δb* at T0. Group C showed no difference for ΔL*, Δa*, Δb* at T0 and T1. Group A showed differences for ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, at T2, while groups B, C, and D had no difference in any parameters at T0. At T1, ΔEab values = A > D> B > C (ΔEab = 13.4 > 2.4 > 2.1 > 1.2). At T2, ΔEab values increased = A > B > C > D (ΔEab = 12.2 > 10.6 > 9.2 > 2.4). In conclusion, the 10% CP and Biomimetic polyphosphate extrinsic whitening kit demonstrated the highest color change, while simulated brushing with dark stain toothpaste and a whitening pen demonstrated the lowest color change at both measurement intervals.
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Heinks T, Paulus J, Koopmeiners S, Beuel T, Sewald N, Höhne M, Bornscheuer UT, Fischer von Mollard G. Recombinant L-Amino Acid Oxidase with broad substrate spectrum for Co-Substrate Recycling in (S)-Selective Transaminase-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolutions. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200329. [PMID: 35713203 PMCID: PMC9543090 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chiral and enantiopure amines can be produced by enantioselective transaminases via kinetic resolution of amine racemates. This transamination reaction requires stoichiometric amounts of co-substrate. A dual-enzyme recycling system overcomes this limitation: L-amino acid oxidases (LAAO) recycle the accumulating co-product of ( S )-selective transaminases in the kinetic resolution of racemic amines to produce pure ( R )-amines. However, availability of suitable LAAOs is limited. Here we use the heterologously produced, highly active fungal hcLAAO4 with broad substrate spectrum. H 2 O 2 as by-product of hcLAAO4 is detoxified by a catalase. The final system allows using sub-stoichiometric amounts of 1 mol% of the transaminase co-substrate as well as the initial application of L-amino acids instead of α-keto acids. With an optimized protocol, synthetic potential of this kinetic resolution cascade was proven at the preparative scale (>90 mg) by the synthesis of highly enantiomerically pure ( R )-methylbenzylamine (>99 %ee) at complete conversion (50 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heinks
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Jannik Paulus
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Simon Koopmeiners
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Tobias Beuel
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Matthias Höhne
- University of Greifswald: Universitat Greifswald, Institute of Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- University of Greifswald: Universitat Greifswald, Institute of Biochemistry, GERMANY
| | - Gabriele Fischer von Mollard
- Bielefeld University: Universitat Bielefeld, Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615, Bielefeld, GERMANY
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22
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Torres C, Moecke SE, Mafetano A, Cornélio LF, Di Nicoló R, Borges AB. Influence of Viscosity and Thickener on the Effects of Bleaching Gels. Oper Dent 2022; 47:E119-E130. [PMID: 35649221 DOI: 10.2341/20-309-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the influence of the viscosity and kind of thickener of 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels on the tooth (color change, demineralization of enamel, and permeation) and on the gel [reactive oxygen species (ROS), pH, and peroxide concentration]. METHODS AND MATERIALS Two hundred forty specimens were divided into groups of bleaching gels with different thickeners (CAR, carbomer; ASE, alkali swellable emulsion; MSA, modified sulfonic acid polymer; SSP, semisynthetic polysaccharide; PAC, particulate colloids) in three viscosities (low: 50,000 cP; medium: 250,000 cP; high: 1,000,000 cP). Color change (ΔEab), demineralization of enamel by Knoop microhardness (KHN) reduction analysis, and peroxide permeation (PP) were analyzed in the specimens, while pH, peroxide concentration (PC), and ROS were evaluated in the gels. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (α=0.05). RESULTS The higher viscosity gels reduced ΔEab, PP, enamel softening, and ROS in relation to the lower viscosity gels. However, the drop in pH and PC were higher in the more viscous gels. Gels with MSA produced higher ΔEab compared with SSP and ASE. The PP was higher for PAC, and smaller for SSP and CAR. The KHN reduction was higher for CAR and smaller for PAC. The higher pH reduction was seen for ASE and CAR, and the smaller for SSP. The PC reduction was higher for SSP and smaller for CAR. More ROS were observed for MSA and fewer for ASE. CONCLUSIONS Increased gel viscosity was associated with reduced color change, permeation, demineralization of enamel, and ROS, and led to increased peroxide decomposition and pH alteration during the treatment. The kind of thickener significantly interfered with the treatment effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crg Torres
- *Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, DDS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - S E Moecke
- Sabrina Elise Moecke, DDS, MS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Apvp Mafetano
- Ana Paula Valente Pinho Mafetano, DDS, MS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - L F Cornélio
- Leticia Fernanda Cornélio, DDS, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - A B Borges
- Alessandra Bühler Borges, DDS, MS, PhD, associate professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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23
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Chen X, Xu Y, Zhou C, Lou K, Peng Y, Zhang HP, Wang W. Unraveling the physiochemical nature of colloidal motion waves among silver colloids. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn9130. [PMID: 35613263 PMCID: PMC9132452 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Traveling waves are common in biological and synthetic systems, including the recent discovery that silver (Ag) colloids form traveling motion waves in H2O2 and under light. Here, we show that this colloidal motion wave is a heterogeneous excitable system. The Ag colloids generate traveling chemical waves via reaction-diffusion, and either self-propel through self-diffusiophoresis ("ballistic waves") or are advected by diffusio-osmotic flows from gradients of neutral molecules ("swarming waves"). Key results include the experimental observation of traveling waves of OH- with pH-sensitive fluorescent dyes and a Rogers-McCulloch model that qualitatively and quantitatively reproduces the key features of colloidal waves. These results are a step forward in elucidating the Ag-H2O2-light oscillatory system at individual and collective levels. In addition, they pave the way for using colloidal waves either as a platform for studying nonlinear phenomena, or as a tool for colloidal transport and for information transmission in microrobot ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yankai Xu
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kai Lou
- Guangzhou Kayja-Optics Technology Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Yixin Peng
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - H. P. Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Corresponding author. (W.W.); (H.P.Z.)
| | - Wei Wang
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author. (W.W.); (H.P.Z.)
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Mendonça LC, Rodrigues M, Bicalho AA, daSilva GR, Quagliatto PS, Soares CJ. Use of Computerized Microtomography, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy to Monitor Effects of Adding Calcium to Bleaching Gels. Oper Dent 2022; 47:E162-E173. [PMID: 35584324 DOI: 10.2341/20-217-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the mineral content, expressed by calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P), in dental enamel exposed to bleaching agents using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). METHODS Sixty bovine dental enamel specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n=20): HP35ca (bleached using 35% hydrogen peroxide with Ca); HP35wca (bleached using 35% hydrogen peroxide without Ca); and control (without bleaching). Five specimens from each group were used for SEM and EDS analyses, 10 specimens were used for AFM analysis, and the remaining five specimens were used for micro-CT analysis. The pH of the gels was measured using a pH meter. The EDS and micro- CT data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation test. The AFM data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (α=0.05). RESULTS The weight percentages of Ca and P obtained using EDS were similar between the bleached and control groups. Small, superficial changes were observed by SEM in the HP35wca group. The HP35ca group showed similar patterns to the control group. AFM results showed no significant changes in the enamel roughness in any of the tested groups. No significant difference in the volume or depth of structural enamel loss was found between gels with and without Ca. No mineral loss was observed in the dentin substrate. The EDS and micro-CT analysis data exhibited a high correlation (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The addition of Ca to the bleaching gel had no beneficial effect on the bleached tooth enamel in terms of composition, mineral loss, and surface roughness. Micro-CT results exhibited a high correlation with the EDS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Mendonça
- Ludmila Cavalcanti de Mendonça, DDS, MS, PhD student, Biomechanics Group, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, professor at Technical School of Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Mla Rodrigues
- Maria de Lara Araújo Rodrigues, DDS student, Biomechanics Group, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - A A Bicalho
- Aline Arêdes Bicalho, DDS, MS, PhD, Biomechanics Group, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, professor at Technical School of Health, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - G R daSilva
- Gisele Rodrigues da Silva, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - P S Quagliatto
- Paulo Sérgio Quagliatto, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - C J Soares
- *Carlos José Soares, DDS, MS, PhD, professor and chairman, Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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25
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Composition and Microstructure of Ag70Pd20Au10 Alloy Specimens with Etching and Their Catalytic Activity to Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-022-03972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tooth whitening effects on dental enamel, oxidation or reduction? Comparison of physicochemical alterations in bovine enamel using Synchrotron-based Micro-FTIR. Dent Mater 2022; 38:670-679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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A review on the current methods of methamphetamine remediation, their limitations, and chemical degradation techniques which have been investigated. Forensic Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2022.100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nagarajan RD, Sundaramurthy A, Sundramoorthy AK. Synthesis and characterization of MXene (Ti 3C 2T x)/Iron oxide composite for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131478. [PMID: 34303904 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the widespread usage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in various consumer and industrial products (Examples: fuel cells and antibacterial agents), it became important to accurately detect H2O2 concentration in environmental, medical and food samples. Herein, titanium carbide Ti3C2Tx (MXene) was synthesized by using Ti, Al and C powders at high-temperature. Then, nanocrystalline iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) was obtained from a single solid-phase method. Using Ti3C2Tx and Fe2O3 powders, Ti3C2Tx-Fe2O3 nanocomposite was prepared by ultrasonication. As-synthesized, Ti3C2Tx-Fe2O3 composite had been characterized by UV-Visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated on the surface of Ti3C2Tx as observed by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The Ti3C2Tx nanosheets were formed with the average size of 400-500 nm. HR-SEM images of α-Fe2O3 showed that the coral-like particles with the average length ~5 μm were obtained. The electrochemical properties of the individual (Ti3C2Tx and α-Fe2O3) and composite materials (Ti3C2Tx-Fe2O3) were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Ti3C2Tx-Fe2O3 nanocomposite modified electrode had exhibited potent electro-catalytic activity for H2O2 reduction by reducing the overpotential about 320 mV and a linear response was recorded from 10 nM to 1 μM H2O2. The optimization of various parameters such as material composition ratio, amount of catalyst, effects of pH, scan rate and interference effects with other biomolecules were carried out. In addition, the kinetic parameters such as rate constant, diffusion coefficient and the active surface area of the electrodes were calculated. Moreover, the Ti3C2Tx-Fe2O3 composite modified electrode was used successfully to detect H2O2 in food and urine samples. We believe that Ti3C2Tx-Fe2O3 composite based materials could be used for the fabrication of non-enzymatic H2O2 sensors for medical diagnosis, food safety and environmental monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramila D Nagarajan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashok K Sundramoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Pretel H, Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa J, Esteban Florez FL, Nogueira BR, Batista de Oliveira Junior O. Assessment of the temporal variation of electrical potential and pH of different bleaching agents. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08452. [PMID: 34877430 PMCID: PMC8628040 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tooth whitening procedures are under continuous investigation to improve esthetic outcomes and reduce bleaching sensitivity (BS) precipitating from treatments. During the dental bleaching process it is known that the release of free radicals degrades the organic pigment molecules of the tooth and with this an amount of energy is released. Nonetheless, previous studies have never investigated the temporal correlation between of pH and electric potential (EP) generated in this treatment. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate temporal variations of pH and EP associated with three different commercially available bleaching gels and the correlation levels between parameters of interest to provide relevant information regarding the kinetics of oxidation reactions in dental bleaching procedures. METHODS The study was divided into 3 groups (n = 9) in function of hydrogen peroxide concentration (either 6%, 15% and 35%). The temporal evolution of pH and EP values were determined using a highly-accurate and previously calibrated pH meter at specific time-points (5, 10, 15 and 30 min). RESULTS Data obtained were submitted to one-way ANOVA of repeated measures with Bonferroni post-test (α = 0.05). The results of the study showed difference in the factor gel concentration (p < 0,0001), time (p < 0,0001) and interaction (gel/time) (p = 0.002) while throughout the intervals evaluated the groups remained relatively stable and without significant difference in the intragroup variation of pH (p < 0.05) and in EDP only with significant difference in the 5 min interval of the 35% concentration. A 2nd order polynomial relationship test showed high correlation levels. CONCLUSION It can thus be concluded that there is a negative relationship between EP and pH variation in the different gel concentrations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings of the present study suggest that bleaching gels of higher concentration may provoke BS that are more intense and durable due to significant electric depolarization of neuronal extensions of pulpal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermes Pretel
- São Paulo State University – UNESP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa
- São Paulo State University – UNESP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luis Esteban Florez
- The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, 1201 N. Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73117, USA
| | - Básia Rabelo Nogueira
- São Paulo State University – UNESP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Osmir Batista de Oliveira Junior
- São Paulo State University – UNESP, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14801-903, Brazil
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Ortecho-Zuta U, de Oliveira Duque CC, de Oliveira Ribeiro RA, Leite ML, Soares DG, Hebling J, Briso ALF, de Souza Costa CA. Polymeric biomaterials maintained the esthetic efficacy and reduced the cytotoxicity of in-office dental bleaching. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:1139-1149. [PMID: 34251089 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Evaluate the kinetics of hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) degradation, esthetic efficacy and cytotoxicity of a bleaching gel with 35%H2 O2 applied on enamel previously covered or not with polymeric nanofibrillar scaffold (SNan), polymeric primer catalyst (PPol), and both. Standardized enamel/dentin discs (n = 128) obtained from bovine teeth were adapted to pulp chambers. After covering enamel with the polymeric products, the bleaching gel was applied for 45 min, establishing the following groups: G1: no treatment (negative control); G2: 35%H2 O2 (positive control); G3: SNan; G4: PPol; G5: SNan + PPol; G6: SNan + 35%H2 O2 ; G7: PPol + 35%H2 O2 ; G8: SNan + PPol + 35%H2 O2 . The kinetics of H2 O2 degradation (n = 8), bleaching efficacy (ΔE/ΔWI; n = 8), trans-amelodentinal cytotoxicity (n = 8), and cell morphology (n = 4) were assessed (ANOVA/Tukey test; p < 0.05). Greater H2 O2 degradation occurred in G7 and G8. Bleaching efficacy (ΔE) was higher in G6, G7, and G8 in comparison with G2 (p < 0.05). However, no difference was observed for ΔWI (p > 0.05). G8 presented the lower level of trans-amelodentinal diffusion of H2 O2 , oxidative stress, and toxicity to the MDPC-23 cells (p < 0.05). Polymeric biomaterials increased the kinetics of H2 O2 decomposition, as well as maintained the esthetic efficacy and minimized the cytotoxicity caused by a bleaching gel with 35%H2 O2 . CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Application of a bleaching gel with 35%H2 O2 on enamel previously covered by polymeric biomaterials maintains the esthetic efficacy and reduces the cytotoxicity caused by a single session of in-office dental bleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxua Ortecho-Zuta
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, São Paulo University (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Morphology and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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Wijetunga CL, Otsuki M, Abdou A, Luong MN, Qi F, Tagami J. The effect of in-office bleaching materials with different pH on the surface topography of bovine enamel. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1345-1351. [PMID: 34234048 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the alterations of surface topography of the bovine enamel caused by different pH of in-office bleaching agents. 23% H2O2 with pH 5.5, 7.0 and 8.5 were applied on the bovine tooth specimens (n=10) and photo-irradiated for 10 min. The bleaching procedure was repeated three times and specimens were subjected to linear surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers microhardness test (VHN) at baseline and after three consecutive applications. The morphological alterations were observed before and after third bleaching application. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD. The pH of the bleaching agent significantly affects the Ra and VHN (p<0.05). Low pH yielded a significant increase in Ra and decrease in VHN. All the groups showed morphological alterations and profound effect was found in pH 5.5 group. It was concluded that the pH of the bleaching agent can affect Ra, VHN and surface morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamari L Wijetunga
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Modern University for Technology and Information
| | - Minh N Luong
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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Meireles SS, Santos ME, Lustosa ÍMC, Leite ELL. Effects of a reduced in-office bleaching protocol with 37.5% hydrogen peroxide on effectiveness and tooth sensitivity: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:824-831. [PMID: 34180574 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness and tooth sensitivity (TS) of 37.5% hydrogen peroxide (37.5HP) in-office bleaching with reduced protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty participants with shade mean C2 or darker for the six maxillary anterior teeth were randomly allocated into two treatment groups (n = 20): two (37.5HP2) or three (37.5HP3) 8 min applications/clinical session. Three clinical sessions were performed with a 1 week interval. Color evaluations were done with a spectrophotometer at baseline and 1 week post-bleaching. TS was measured during and up to 48 h after bleaching using a five-point numeric rating scale. Color change was evaluated by Student's t-test for independent samples. The absolute risk and intensity of TS were analyzed by Fisher's and Mann-Whitney/Friedman tests (p < 0.05). RESULT Both treatment groups resulted in a significant tooth whitening 1 week post-bleaching (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between 37.5HP2 and 37.5HP3 for ΔE*ab , ΔE00 and ∆WID . Also, there were not differences between groups regarding high absolute risk (p = 1.0) and low intensity of TS at all time assessments (p > 0.7). CONCLUSIONS The in-office bleaching with two 37.5% HP applications produced the same whitening degree, risk and intensity of TS to that performed with three gel applications. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Clinicians should opt to use a neutral 37.5% HP in-office bleaching gel for two 8 min applications/clinical session because produces the same whitening effectiveness, risk and low intensity of TS as the protocol proposed by manufacturer (three 8 min applications).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sônia Saeger Meireles
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eva Lis Lopes Leite
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
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Burey A, Sutil E, Nunez Aldaz MA, Méndez-Bauer ML, Rezende M, Reis A, Gomes OMM, Farago PV, Loguercio AD. Assessment of the effect of experimental bleaching agent with nano-bioactive material on postoperative sensitivity: A randomized, triple blind clinical trial. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 33:764-774. [PMID: 34160125 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This clinical study aimed to evaluate the effect of incorporating bioactive nanoparticles (n-Bm) inside an in-office bleaching gel on the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity (TS) and on bleaching effectiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-six participants were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: control-only in-office gel and experimental-in-office gel with n-Bm. Teeth were bleached in two sessions (3 × 15-min). TS was recorded using a VAS and NRS. The color change was evaluated by subjective (VITA Classical and VITA Bleachedguide) and objective (Easyshade spectrophotometer) methods at baseline and 30 days after the end of treatment. The TS was evaluated by McNemar, Wilcoxon Signed Rank, and paired t test. The color changes between groups were compared using paired t test (α = 0.05). RESULTS No significant differences between the groups were observed in the risk (control = 27% [95%IC 18-39]; experimental = 21% [95%IC 13-32]) and intensity of TS, as well as in the color change (p >0.05) for any color measurement. CONCLUSION The inclusion of n-Bm into the bleaching agents did not affect the whitening effectiveness, as well as the risk and intensity of TS between groups. However, the results of the absolute risk of TS were low for both in-office gels used. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite no significant differences between groups, both experimental bleaching agents present suitable results with low values for TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrieli Burey
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisama Sutil
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maira Alejandra Nunez Aldaz
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, San Francisco de Quito University, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María Luján Méndez-Bauer
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.,Research Department, School of Dentistry, University Francisco Marroquín (UFM), Cuidad de Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Márcia Rezende
- School of Dentistry, School Paulo Picanço, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Reis
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Osnara Maria Mongruel Gomes
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paulo Vitor Farago
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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Borges AB, de Abreu FS, Mailart MC, Zanatta RF, Torres C. Efficacy and Safety of Bleaching Gels According to Application Protocol. Oper Dent 2021; 46:E105-E116. [PMID: 34086959 DOI: 10.2341/19-253-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated bleaching efficacy, enamel microhardness, and roughness of highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide (HP) gels (35%-40%) using different application protocols. Gel decomposition and pH alteration were also analyzed. METHODS AND MATERIALS Bovine enamel/dentin specimens were divided into groups according to the bleaching gel-Pola Office Plus (POP-SDI, 37.5% HP), Opalescence Boost (OPB-Ultradent, 40% HP), Whiteness HP (WHP-FGM, 35% HP)- and application protocol-single application (SA) and multiple application (MA) during the in-office session. Deionized water was used in control group (no bleaching). Thus, seven final groups were obtained (n=15/group). Color (CIE L*a*b*), surface microhardness (SMH), and roughness (Ra) were assessed before/after treatments. The pH of gels was measured, and HP concentration was determined with potassium permanganate titration method in different times. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey tests (5%). RESULTS All gels presented similar and clinically acceptable bleaching efficacy (ΔE>2.7) for both SA and MA, as well as no significant differences for SMH and Ra comparing the two protocols in the same gel. Peroxide decomposition significantly increased with time, but final gel concentrations were still high after 45 minutes (32.29% POP; 38.45% OPB; and 32.74% WHP). The pH decreased over time (initial - after 45 min) for WHP (6.83±0.07 - 5.81±0.06), but minimal alterations were observed for POP (8.09±0.09 - 7.88±0.07) and OPB (7.82±0.11 - 7.87±0.07). CONCLUSIONS Peroxide decomposition was very low for all gels tested, and pH remained stable for POP and OPB gels. Bleaching protocol did not influence whitening efficacy and hazardous effects over enamel, thus potentially there was no clinical significance. Therefore, for the products tested, there is no evidence for recommending the gel change during the bleaching session.
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Lins RBE, Rosalen PL, Lazarini JG, Martins LRM, Cavalli V. Assessment of a novel bleaching agent formula containing 35% hydrogen peroxide and titanium tetrafluoride: an in vitro study. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e066. [PMID: 34076191 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study developed experimental gels containing titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) combined with commercial 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP), and evaluated bleaching efficacy and pH of the gels, and mineral content and morphology of enamel submitted to these treatments. In phase-1, different stock gels mixed with TiF4 were combined with HP. In phase-2, the selected gels were tested on enamel/dentin specimens (n=8): HP; HP and Natrosol+TiF4 (HPnT); HP and Natrosol+Chemygel+TiF4 (HPncT); HP and Aristoflex+TiF4 (HPaT). Bleaching was performed in four sessions (3x15min-application/session). Color (CIEL*a*b*) and whiteness index (WID) were measured after each session, whereas whiteness index differences (ΔWID), color alteration (CIELab-ΔE, CIEDE2000-ΔE00), enamel morphology and pH, at end of bleaching therapy. The change in Knoop microhardness (ΔKHN) was compared before and after bleaching. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni (CIEL*, a*, b*), one-way ANOVA and Tukey (ΔWID, ΔE, ΔE00), and LSD (ΔKHN) tests (α=5%). SEM and pH measurements were submitted to descriptive analysis. No differences were observed in lightness (L*) or WID among the groups (p > 0.05), but HP exhibited lower b* values (p<0.05), higher ΔWID than HPnT, and the highest ΔE among the groups (p < 0.05). No differences in ΔE00 were observed between HP and HPncT (p > 0.05), and HPncT showed higher ΔKHN than HP (p < 0.05). HP presented pH values closer to neutral (6.9), whereas experimental agents showed acidic pH values (2.3-3.9). No morphological changes were observed in HP or HPncT groups. HPncT was able to bleach the enamel and maintain enamel microhardness and surface integrity, even at low pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Barros Esteves Lins
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas - Unifal, Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Josy Goldoni Lazarini
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Roberto Marcondes Martins
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Costa JLDSG, Besegato JF, Kuga MC. Bleaching and microstructural effects of low concentration hydrogen peroxide photoactivated with LED/laser system on bovine enamel. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102352. [PMID: 34051345 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth whitening protocols with low concentration hydrogen peroxide (HP) appear to minimize the microstructural effect on teeth. In addition, light sources have been used to enhance bleaching efficiency. This study evaluated the color change and microhardness of a protocol with 6% HP photoactivated by LED/laser in comparison with 35% HP. METHODS Twenty bovine incisors were randomized in two groups: 6% HP + LED/laser and 35% HP (n=10). Teeth were submitted to staining using dark tea. Three whitening sessions were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. Enamel microhardness (VHN) and color change evaluation (∆L*, ∆a*, ∆b*, ∆E00 [CIEDE2000], and WID) before 24 hours and 7 days after the last whitening session were performed. Two-way repeated ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test was used (α = 0.05). RESULTS Both groups showed perceptible color changes, being more pronounce for 35% HP. Differences were observed for ∆a*, ∆b* and ∆E00 (p≤0.027), except for ∆L* (p>0.05). Differences were also found in the comparison among the evaluation times within the same group (p≤0.027), except for ∆a* results (p>0.05). WID showed that 35% HP exhibited high whiteness values. Regarding microhardness, the groups did not show significant differences (p>0.05). However, 35% HP showed decreased values after 7 days of the last whitening session compared to the baseline (p≤0.027). CONCLUSIONS 6% HP + LED/laser promoted perceptible color change, but not comparable with 35% HP. No differences on enamel microhardness were observed between the whitening protocols. However, 35% HP showed decreased hardness after 7 days of whitening compared to baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - João Felipe Besegato
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - Milton Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
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Wijetunga CL, Otsuki M, Hiraishi N, Luong MN, Tagami J. Effect of pH of bleaching agent on tooth bleaching action in vitro. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:566-572. [PMID: 33456029 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of pH of bleaching agent, photo-irradiation time or application times on bleaching action using hematoporphyrin-stained papers (HSPs) and artificially stained bovine-teeth (BT). 23% H2O2 with pH 5.5, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 and 9.0 were applied on the specimens. HSP was photo-irradiated for 1, 3 and 5 min. BT were photo-irradiated for 10 min and the bleaching was repeated ten times (n=10). CIE L*a*b* of the specimens were measured before and after the procedure. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA followed by multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction. For the HSP, longer irradiation time and higher pH yielded significantly higher color difference (ΔE). As for BT, increasing application times and higher pH resulted in higher ΔE. It was concluded that the pH of the bleaching agent significantly improved the bleaching effect with increased photo-irradiation time for HSP and with an increase of repeated application times for BT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamari L Wijetunga
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masayuki Otsuki
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Minh N Luong
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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de Mendonça RP, Baliza JR, Burey A, Cavalcante LMA, Loguercio AD, Calazans FS, Barceleiro MDO. In vitro analysis of the pH stability of dental bleaching gels during in-office procedures. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e22-e29. [PMID: 33425227 PMCID: PMC7781220 DOI: 10.4317/jced.57367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that acidic bleaching gels could lead to worse collateral effects during an in-office bleaching procedure, while neutral or basic products leads towards a better experience. Considering this fact, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH behavior of 6 in-office bleaching gels, compared to the information provided by their manufacturers.
Material and Methods Thirty enamel discs of bovine teeth were prepared, the initial colors of which were measured by a spectrophotometer and then divided into 6 groups. A pH meter was used to measure the pH every 30 seconds until the end of each procedure, when a new color evaluation was then made. The Tukey test was used for statistical analysis of the results.
Results There was no difference in the color variation (ΔE) between the groups (p> 0.05). In two groups, the pH variation (ΔpH) showed neutral stability, with initial and final pH averages of 7.04 and 7.11 (p = 0.08) and 7.21 and 7.19 (p = 0.55), respectively; in another, there was alkaline stability, with an initial and final pH average of 8.54 and 8.37 (p = 0.14). In the other three brands, however, the results showed acidification, with initial and final pH averages of 6.14 and 5.22 (p = 0.001), 6.05 and 5.16 (p = 0.001) and 7.14 and 5.83 (p = 0.001), respectively.
Conclusions In 3 of the evaluated gels, a discrepancy existed between the manufacturer’s information and the data obtained, which could lead, considering previous studies discussed throughout this article, to unexpected collateral effects on the patients, especially dental sensitivity. Thus, clinicians and researchers should be aware about pH stability studies of in-office bleaching gels for better predictability and safety on their clinical usage. Key words:Tooth bleaching, Bleaching agents, Hydrogen-ion concentration, Dentin sensitivity, Hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael-Pinto de Mendonça
- Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Operative Dentistry Department, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Joberth-Rainner Baliza
- Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Operative Dentistry Department, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adrieli Burey
- Ponta Grossa State University (UEPG), Ponta Grossa School of Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Department, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandro-Dourado Loguercio
- Ponta Grossa State University (UEPG), Ponta Grossa School of Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Department, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda-Signorelli Calazans
- Ponta Grossa State University (UEPG), Ponta Grossa School of Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Department, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos-de Oliveira Barceleiro
- Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Nova Friburgo Health Institute, Operative Dentistry Department, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
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Bekhet OH. Disinfectants and pH synergistically inactivate Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 13525: insights into cellular redox homeostasis and ultrastructure. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1969277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Hussein Bekhet
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Procter & Gamle Newcastle Innovation Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Catholic University of Louvain, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
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Trautmann E, Attin T, Mohn D, Zehnder M. Hydrogen Peroxide Versus Sodium Hypochlorite: All a Matter of pH? J Endod 2020; 47:297-302. [PMID: 33129899 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solutions are similar in that they contain oxidizing agents with a bleaching effect. NaOCl solutions are stable at a high pH, at which they also exert increased cleansing/proteolysis. On the other hand, H2O2 solutions are natively acidic, yet gain bleaching power on organic stains when alkalized. It was investigated whether alkalizing a H2O2 solution would also let it dissolve soft tissue or increase its bleaching power on blood-stained dentin. METHODS The stability of alkalized H2O2 solutions was assessed by iodometric titration. Soft tissue dissolution was investigated on porcine palatal mucosa. The bleaching effect (ΔL∗) after 60 minutes of exposure was monitored in blood-stained human dentin using a calibrated spectrophotometer. To compare similar molarities, 2.5% H2O2 solutions were used here, and 5.0% NaOCl was used as the positive control, whereas nonbuffered saline solution served as the negative control. RESULTS Adding alkali (NaOH) to the H2O2 solutions rendered them unstable in a dose-dependent manner. A H2O2 solution of pH 11.1 was chosen for the main experiments (tissue dissolution and bleaching effect) and compared with a native counterpart (pH = 4.7). Alkalizing the H2O2 solution had no discernible effect on its soft tissue dissolution or bleaching power (P = .75 compared with the native H2O2 solution). The NaOCl solution of similar molar concentration had a considerably (P < .001) higher tissue dissolving and bleaching effect under current conditions. CONCLUSIONS The proteolytic/bleaching effects of NaOCl solutions are unique and cannot be achieved by altering the pH of peroxide solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Trautmann
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Mohn
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Zehnder
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Changes in enamel after bleaching pre-treatment with non-thermal atmospheric plasma. CLINICAL PLASMA MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpme.2020.100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Potential Advantages of Peroxoborates and Their Ester Adducts Over Hydrogen Peroxide as Therapeutic Agents in Oral Healthcare Products: Chemical/Biochemical Reactivity Considerations In Vitro, Ex Vivo And In Vivo. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:dj8030089. [PMID: 32784634 PMCID: PMC7559157 DOI: 10.3390/dj8030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxides present in oral healthcare products generally exert favourable protective activities against the development and progression of tooth decay, plaque, gingivitis, and halitosis, etc. However, despite the high level of research focus on hydrogen and carbamide peroxides as therapeutically active (and tooth-whitening) agents, to date the use of alternative chemical forms of peroxides such as peroxoborates for these purposes has received only scant attention. Intriguingly, peroxoborate and its esters with polyols, such as glycerol, have a very diverse chemistry/biochemistry in aqueous solution, for which there is an increasing amount of evidence that it remains distinctive from that of hydrogen peroxide; such properties include self-associative and hydrolytic equilibria, and their abilities to participate in electrophile- or nucleophile-scavenging, metal ion-complexing, redox and free radical reactions, for example. Therefore, the purpose of this detailed commentary is to evaluate both differences and similarities between the molecular/biomolecular reactivities of peroxoborate species and hydrogen peroxide in vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo. It encompasses brief sectional accounts regarding the molecular heterogeneity of peroxoborates, the release of bioactive agents therefrom, and their oxidative attack on oral cavity biomolecules (the nucleophilic or electrophilic character of these oxidations are discussed). Further areas explored are the abilities of borates and peroxoborates to enhance the solubility of iron ions in aqueous solution, their involvements in free radical biochemistry (particularly the complexation of oxygen radical-promoting transition metal ions by, and antioxidant properties of, peroxoborate-polyol ester adducts), and the specific inhibition of protease enzymes. Further aspects focus on the tooth-whitening, oral malodor neutralizing, and potential mutagenic and genotoxic properties of peroxoborates, along with possible mechanisms for these processes. The abilities of peroxoborates, and peroxides in general, to modulate the activities of inflammatory mediators and vitamins, antioxidant or otherwise, are also explored.
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Monteiro NR, Basting RT, Amaral FLBD, FranÇa FMG, Turssi CP, Gomes OP, Lisboa Filho PN, Kantovitz KR, Basting RT. Titanium dioxide nanotubes incorporated into bleaching agents: physicochemical characterization and enamel color change. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20190771. [PMID: 32609187 PMCID: PMC7331930 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotubes are nanostructures that can accelerate the oxidation reaction of bleaching procedures and promote a more effective whitening effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Orisson Ponce Gomes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - Faculdade de Ciências, Bauru, SP, Brasil
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Mailart MC, Sakassegawa PA, Torres C, Palo RM, Borges AB. Assessment of Peroxide in Saliva During and After At-home Bleaching With 10% Carbamide and Hydrogen Peroxide Gels: A Clinical Crossover Trial. Oper Dent 2020; 45:368-376. [PMID: 32216723 DOI: 10.2341/19-127-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study suggests that at-home bleaching systems are safe in relation to toxicity based on peroxide levels in saliva since the amount of peroxide potentially ingested is much lower than the estimated toxic dose. SUMMARY
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Garg M, Vishwakarma N, Sharma AL, Mizaikoff B, Singh S. Lysine-Functionalized Tungsten Disulfide Quantum Dots as Artificial Enzyme Mimics for Oxidative Stress Biomarker Sensing. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:1927-1937. [PMID: 32039329 PMCID: PMC7003197 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The color generating from the biochemical reaction between 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine and Lysine@WS2 QDs was used a signal for the detection of hydrogen peroxide. The QDs were prepared using a combination of techniques, that is, probe sonication and hydrothermal treatment. Analysis via UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy yielded detailed information on the nature and characteristics of these quantum dots. Furthermore, as-synthesized quantum dots were studied for their capability to mimic peroxidase enzyme using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine as a substrate. Consequently, a colorimetric sensor utilizing Lysine@WS2 QDs could detect hydrogen peroxide in a range of 0.1-60 μM with a response time of 5 min. The same material was used for H2O2 detection using impedance spectroscopy, which yielded a dynamic range of 0.1-350 μM with a response time of 30-40 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Garg
- CSIR-Central
Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neelam Vishwakarma
- CSIR-Central
Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Amit L. Sharma
- CSIR-Central
Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute
of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm 89077, Germany
| | - Suman Singh
- CSIR-Central
Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30-C, Chandigarh 160030, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Al-Shahrani AA, Levon JA, Hara AT, Tang Q, Lippert F. The ability of dual whitening anti-caries mouthrinses to remove extrinsic staining and enhance caries lesion remineralization - An in vitro study. J Dent 2020; 103S:100022. [PMID: 34059305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjodo.2020.100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This laboratory study investigated the ability of dual whitening anti-caries mouthrinses to remove extrinsic staining from artificially stained caries lesions and to enhance their remineralization and fluoridation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Early caries lesions were created in bovine enamel specimens. The lesions were artificially stained and pH cycled for 10 days with the daily cycling regimen consisting of twice daily 60s-treatments with one of 11 mouthrinses, a 4-h demineralization period and artificial saliva treatments in between. Mouthrinses were eight commercially available products, all containing 100ppm fluoride but utilizing hydrogen peroxide, pyro-, tri- or hexametaphosphate salts and/or sodium bicarbonate. The three control mouthrinses were 100ppm fluoride, 30 % hydrogen peroxide and deionized water. Enamel color changes (ΔE) were determined spectrophotometrically. Vickers surface microhardness (VHN) was used to determine lesion remineralization. Enamel fluoride content (EFC) was determined using the microbiopsy technique. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS ΔE was significantly different among groups (p=0.0045). Thirty percent hydrogen peroxide was superior to all other mouthrinses, while there were no differences between commercial mouthrinses and deionized water. There were small, directional but non-significant differences between commercial mouthrinses with those containing hydrogen peroxide providing better whitening. There were no significant differences between mouthrinses in their ability to remineralize caries lesions (p=0.2898). EFC differed among groups (p<0.0001), with the two mouthrinses containing pyrophosphate salts having lower EFC than all but the deionized water group. CONCLUSIONS Artificially stained caries lesions show reduced susceptibility to fluoride remineralization and whitening effects of commercial whitening and anti-caries mouthrinses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Artificially stained caries lesions appear to require stronger than over-the-counter interventions to successfully whiten and remineralizing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahid A Al-Shahrani
- Department of Prosthodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, USA; Department of Dental Technology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - John A Levon
- Department of Prosthodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Anderson T Hara
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, USA.
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Kury M, Perches C, Silva DP, André CB, Tabchoury CPM, Giannini M, Cavalli V. Color change, diffusion of hydrogen peroxide, and enamel morphology after in‐office bleaching with violet light or nonthermal atmospheric plasma: An in vitro study. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 32:102-112. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Kury
- Department of Restorative DentistryPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carolina Perches
- Department of Restorative DentistryPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Daylana P. Silva
- Department of Restorative DentistryPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carolina B. André
- Department of Restorative DentistryPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Restorative DentistryFederal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Cínthia P. M. Tabchoury
- Department of Physiological SciencesPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative DentistryPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Department of Restorative DentistryPiracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
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Féliz-Matos L, Abreu-Placeres N, Hernandez LM, Ruiz-Matuk C, Grau-Grullón P. Evaluation of In-office Vital Tooth Whitening Combined with Different Concentrations of At-home Peroxides: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial. Open Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601913010377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The clinical evidence relate the effect of associating the in-office and at home vital tooth whitening, describing positive effects on tooth color change and reduction of dental sensitivity.
Objective:
The purpose of this randomized double-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the effect on the shortened application of in-office vital tooth whitening combined with different concentrations of at-home peroxides in the final tooth color change and dental sensitivity.
Methods:
Randomized double-blind clinical trial with 120 participants between 18-65 years, allocated in four tooth whitening treatment groups: G1= Carbamide Peroxide 10% + Hydrogen Peroxide 40%, G2= Carbamide Peroxide 15% + Hydrogen Peroxide 40%, G3= Carbamide Peroxide 20% + Hydrogen Peroxide 40%, G4= Hydrogen Peroxide 10% + Hydrogen Peroxide 40% was conducted. Tooth color was measured at baseline and dental sensitivity and tooth color change during and after treatment.
Results:
No statistical significant differences were found in tooth color change (superior arch p= 0.183 / inferior arch p= 0.374), and in dental sensitivity (p=0.268).
Conclusion:
Reducing the application time of in-office whitening, combined with in-home products was effective in improving the color. All groups resulted in identical final color change and dental sensitivity.
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02682329 Available from:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02682329?term=hydrogen+peroxide.
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Balladares L, Alegría-Acevedo LF, Montenegro-Arana A, Arana-Gordillo LA, Pulido C, Salazar-Gracez MT, Reis A, Loguercio AD. Effects of pH and Application Technique of In-office Bleaching Gels on Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration into the Pulp Chamber. Oper Dent 2019; 44:659-667. [DOI: 10.2341/18-148-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
Objective:
This in vitro study aimed to quantify the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber in teeth submitted to in-office bleaching with varied pH and application techniques. The color change and pH of the in-office bleaching product during application was also evaluated.
Methods and Materials:
Ninety-six human premolars were used and randomly divided into 10 groups (n=9) according to the following combination of factors: pH of in-office bleaching agents (two neutral/alkaline pH: Opalescence Boost 38% and Whiteness HP Blue 35% and three acidic pH: Whiteness HP Maxx 35%, Lase Peroxide Sensy 35%, and Total Blanc Office 35%) and application modes (for 3 × 15 minutes [3×15] and 1 × 45 minutes [1×45]). An additional group of non-bleached teeth (control; n=6) was added. First, all teeth were sectioned 3 mm from the cementoenamel junction and the pulp tissue was removed. An acetate buffer was placed in the pulp chamber of all teeth. After bleaching, this solution was transferred to a glass tube in which HP was allowed to react with other components, resulting in a pink solution. The optical density of this pink solution was measured using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and converted into amount of HP. Color change before and 1 week after bleaching was evaluated using a digital spectrophotometer. A pH meter with a 6-mm circular and flat surface was used in contact with the enamel surface to quantify the pH of the bleaching gels during application. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (α=0.05).
Results:
Overall, lower mean HP penetration values were observed for Opalescence Boost 38% and Whiteness HP Blue 35% compared with other bleaching gels (p<0.05). Opalescence Boost 38% and Whiteness HP Blue 35% were not influenced by the application technique (p>0.05). However, lower mean HP penetration values were observed for Whiteness HP Maxx 35%, Total Blanc Office 35%, and Lase Peroxide Sensy 35% when using the 3×15 application technique compared with the 1×45 technique (p<0.05). Significant whitening was detected and no significant difference of color change was observed between groups (p>0.54). The pH did not change during the 3×15 application technique; however, all acidic bleaching gels significantly decreased in pH when applied for 1×45 (p<0.01).
Conclusions:
The amount of HP that reaches the pulp chamber was lower when neutral/alkaline pH gels were used, independently of the application technique. When considering acidic pH gels, it is preferable to use the 3×15 application technique, mainly because longer application time (1×45) results in lower pH. No difference was observed between groups with regards to color change.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Balladares
- Luis Balladares, DDS, MS, professor, Restorative Dentistry, State University of Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | | | - LA Arana-Gordillo
- Luis Alfonso Arana-Gordillo, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, University of Santiago de Cali, Restorative Dentistry, Santiago de Cali, Colombia
| | - C Pulido
- Camilo A Pulido, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Department of Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - MT Salazar-Gracez
- María Teresa Salazar-Gracez, DDS, MS, professor, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, University UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - A Reis
- Alessandra Reis, DDS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - AD Loguercio
- Alessandro D Loguercio, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa State University, Ponta Grossa, Brazil and Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, University UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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Tyo A, Welch S, Hennenfent M, Kord Fooroshani P, Lee BP, Rajachar R. Development and Characterization of an Antimicrobial Polydopamine Coating for Conservation of Humpback Whales. Front Chem 2019; 7:618. [PMID: 31620421 PMCID: PMC6759777 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration patterns of humpback whales have been monitored using 316L stainless steel (SS) satellite telemetry tags. The potential for tissue infection and necrosis is increased if the bacteria, naturally a part of the diverse microbiome on the skin of humpback whales, can adhere to and colonize the surface of the tags. Polydopamine (pDA) has the potential to prevent the adhesion of one of the most prevalent bacterial strains on the surface of the skin of cetaceans (Psychrobacter) through the release of hydrogen peroxide. The release of hydrogen peroxide from the pDA coatings (40-100 μM) has the ability to induce a bacteriostatic response in E. coli, a commonly used bacteria strain in antimicrobial studies and potentially P. cryohalolentis, a common humpback associated bacteria. The H2O2 dose required to induce bacteriostatic conditions in E. coli is approximately 60 μM and in P. cryohalolentis is 100 μM. Bacterial adhesion on the surface of pDA coated SS coupons was measured first using E. coli. The coating successfully prevented adhesion of E. coli on the surface of SS coupons under certain conditions (60% reduction, p < 0.05) but the same was not seen with P. cryohalolentis. When coating conditions were altered (an increase in pH and temperature) the adhesion of P. cryohalolentis was reduced (80% reduction, p < 0.001). Overall, the pDA coatings have the capacity to generate varying amounts of hydrogen peroxide by altering the coating conditions and have the ability to reduce bacterial adhesion on the surface of satellite telemetry tags, and therefore the potential to increase tag functional service lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Tyo
- Engineered Biomaterials Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Sonja Welch
- Engineered Biomaterials Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Maureen Hennenfent
- Engineered Biomaterials Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Pegah Kord Fooroshani
- Biomimetics Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Bruce P Lee
- Biomimetics Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Rupak Rajachar
- Engineered Biomaterials Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
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