1
|
Clerot BD, Correr-Sobrinho L, Bandini M, Pinheiro E, Tsuzuki FM, Pacheco RR, Costa AR. Effect of hydrofluoric acid concentration and aging on the bond strength ceramics to a resin cement. Braz Dent J 2024; 35:5669. [PMID: 39045984 PMCID: PMC11262762 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202405669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence of hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentration and thermal cycling on the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of a resin luting agent to IPS e.max® CAD and Rosetta® SM. Ceramic specimens (12.0 x 14.0 x 1.5mm) were randomized into 8 groups (n=10) according to HF concentration, commercial brand, and aging. Immediately after polishing, and etching, all specimens were silanized and a layer of adhesive was applied. A PVS mold of 3 mm thickness and 10mm diameter with (four) 1.0mm holes was fabricated, placed on each specimen, and then filled with a resin luting agent. Half of the specimens were subjected to the µSBS test using an Instron at a speed of 1.0 mm/min, following a 24-hour storage in deionized water at 37ºC. The remaining specimens were subjected to thermal cycling (5ºC-55ºC, 30 seconds per bath) and µSBS. The data were evaluated utilizing a three-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (α=0.05). Significant differences were found for HF concentration and aging (p<0.0001). No significant difference in µSBS was found for commercial brands (p=0.085). The interaction between brand and HF concentration (p=0.358), brand and aging (p=0.135), and HF concentration and aging (p=0.138) were not statistically significant. The triple interaction among these factors was not statistically significant (p=0.610). In conclusion, the bond strength is affected by the HF concentration. No statistical difference was observed between the two ceramics. Thermal cycling significantly reduced µSBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Delgado Clerot
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics - UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Bandini
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics - UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Pinheiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Midori Tsuzuki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rocha Pacheco
- Department of Restorative Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ana Rosa Costa
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate Program in Orthodontics - UNIARARAS, Universidade de Araras, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Klarić E, Bosnić JV, Par M, Tarle Z, Marovic D. One-Year Evaluation of High-Power Rapid Curing on Dentin Bond Strength. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2297. [PMID: 38793364 PMCID: PMC11122907 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of 3 s light-curing with a high-power LED curing unit on the shear bond strength of bulk-fill composites. Four bulk-fill composites were bonded to dentin with a universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal Plus): two materials designed for rapid curing (Tetric PowerFill and Tetric PowerFlow) and two controls (Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative and SDR Plus Bulk Fill Flowable). The 4 mm composite layer was light-cured with Bluephase PowerCure for 20 s at 1000 mW/cm2 ("20 s") or for 3 s at 3000 mW/cm2 ("3 s"). The samples were stored at 37 °C in distilled water and tested after 1, 6 and 12 months. The samples polymerised in the "3 s" mode had statistically similar or higher bond strength than the samples cured in "20 s" mode, except for the Tetric PowerFlow (1 month) and SDR+ (6 month). The flowable materials Tetric PowerFlow and SDR Plus initially showed the highest values in the "3 s" and "20 s" groups, which decreased after 12 months. The bond strength was statistically similar for all materials and curing protocols after 12 months, except for Tetric PowerFill cured with the "3 s" protocol (21.22 ± 5.0 MPa), which showed the highest value. Tetric PowerFill showed the highest long-term bond strength. While "3 s" curing resulted in equal or better shear bond strength, its use can only be recommended for a material with an AFCT agent such as Tetric PowerFill.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Klarić
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.); (M.P.); (Z.T.)
| | | | - Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.); (M.P.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.); (M.P.); (Z.T.)
| | - Danijela Marovic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.); (M.P.); (Z.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lima RBW, Muniz IDAF, Campos DES, Murillo-Gómez F, Andrade AKMD, Duarte RM, de Souza GM. Effect of universal adhesives and self-etch ceramic primers on bond strength to glass-ceramics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:392-402. [PMID: 35282935 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM To simplify dental procedures, multicomponent products such as universal adhesives and self-etch ceramic primers have been recommended for glass-ceramic bonding; however, studies have shown a wide range of results. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the in vitro bond strength promoted by hydrofluoric acid+silane-containing universal adhesives and a self-etch ceramic primer to glass-ceramics and compare it with that of conventional treatments. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, LILACS, and ISI Web of Science databases up to April 2021. In vitro studies assessing the resin-mediated bond to glass-ceramics by using a self-etch ceramic primer and hydrofluoric acid+silane-containing universal adhesives and/or compared with traditional hydrofluoric acid+glass-ceramic primers were included. Selection of studies, data extraction, and risk-of-bias analysis were performed. Statistical analysis was performed by using a review management software program using a random effects model (α=.05). RESULTS A total of 33 studies were included in the qualitative analysis and 26 studies in the quantitative analysis. Bond strength to lithium disilicate ceramic was higher when a hydrofluoric acid+glass-ceramic primer was used than when using a hydrofluoric acid+silane-containing universal adhesive (P<.05), except when 9% to 10% acid concentration was used in combination with static aging (P=.100). A self-etch ceramic primer promoted bond strength values to lithium disilicate that were similar to those of the hydrofluoric acid+glass-ceramic primer (P>.100). CONCLUSIONS Hydrofluoric acid+silane-containing universal adhesive was not as effective as the hydrofluoric acid+glass-ceramic primer in promoting bond strength to glass-ceramic. Bond strength values generated by a self-etch ceramic primer to glass-ceramic were similar to those generated by the conventional treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isis de Araújo Ferreira Muniz
- Doctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Débora E Silva Campos
- Doctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fabián Murillo-Gómez
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Costa Rica- UCR, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ana Karina Maciel de Andrade
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rosângela Marques Duarte
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Grace Mendonça de Souza
- Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto (UofT), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Bergamo ETP, Gierthmuehlen PC, Lopes ACO, Alves LMM, Benalcázar Jalkh EB, Zahoui A, Coelho PG, de Carvalho AM, Bonfante EA. In vitro assessment of the effect of luting agents, abutment height, and fatigue on the retention of zirconia crowns luted to titanium base implant abutments. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:739.e1-739.e8. [PMID: 37684141 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The bonding of implant-supported prostheses is determined by abutment material, convergence angle, height, surface treatment, and luting agents. However, studies evaluating the bonding of luting agents to titanium base abutments with different heights under fatigue conditions are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the retention of zirconia crowns bonded with different luting agents to titanium base abutments of different heights before and after fatigue testing. MATERIAL AND METHODS Zirconia crowns were designed, milled, and distributed into 4 experimental groups according to the luting agents (G-Multi Primer/G-Cem LinkForce [MP/GC] and Scotchbond Universal/RelyX Ultimate [SU/RU]) and titanium base abutment heights (2.5 mm and 4 mm) (n=10). Pull-out testing was performed in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until crown displacement. Fatigue testing was performed by an electric precision fatigue simulator (1×106 cycles; 100 N; and 15 Hz), followed by pull-out testing of fatigued specimens. Collected data were statistically evaluated by using a linear mixed model after post hoc comparisons by the least significant difference test (α=.05). RESULTS Luting agents, abutment heights, and fatigue influenced the bonding retention of zirconia crowns to titanium base abutments. SU/RU agents promoted higher pull-out compared with MP/GC for both abutment heights before and after fatigue. Higher abutment height increased pull-out regarding lower abutment height for SU/RU materials before and after fatigue testing. Although fatigue had no significant effect on the pull-out of MP/GC, lower bond retention was observed for SU/RU after fatigue, regardless of abutment height. CONCLUSIONS Luting agent composition and the interaction with abutment height and fatigue influenced the retention of zirconia crowns to titanium base abutments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrico B Strazzi-Sahyon
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Edmara T P Bergamo
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Postdoctoral Researcher, Biomaterials Division, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Petra C Gierthmuehlen
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adolfo C O Lopes
- Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa M M Alves
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ernesto B Benalcázar Jalkh
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Abbas Zahoui
- Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Alexandre M de Carvalho
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arandi NZ. The Classification and Selection of Adhesive Agents; an Overview for the General Dentist. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:165-180. [PMID: 37692095 PMCID: PMC10488680 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s425024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesive agents are essential to most restorative procedures used in everyday practice. Depending on the clinical situation, the dentist will choose among a rapidly evolving variety of adhesive agents (bonding agents). Due to the availability of many adhesive agents, appropriate selection can take time and effort. Typically, a practitioner relies more on marketing and experience than in-depth material knowledge. The classification of adhesive agents may need to be clarified and easier to remember due to its lack of relevance to clinical procedures. This paper reviews the published literature retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus by using specific keywords "adhesive agents", "classification", "dentin", "enamel", "universal", "self-etch", "etch-and-rinse", and "bonding". The titles and abstracts were screened, and the relevant literature was retrieved. The list of references from each identified article was examined to find other potentially relevant articles. Adhesive agents can be classified as etch-and-rinse, self-etch, or "multi-mode" according to their approach to interacting with the smear layer, and each approach can be further classified according to the number of clinical steps required during application. This article reviews the classification of current adhesive agents and discusses the properties that make a specific adhesive agent the optimal choice for a particular clinical indication. The review will assist the general dentist in understanding the various types of available adhesive agents and how they function. Overall, the review will facilitate decision-making and allow the selection of appropriate materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naji Ziad Arandi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng J, Jin C, Zhu L, Liu L, Huang Y, Zhao P, Gao S. Effects of Different Primers on the Bond Strength to Properly and Excessively Etched Ceramic-coated Zirconia. Oper Dent 2023; 48:552-563. [PMID: 37482890 DOI: 10.2341/22-122-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effects of various primers on the immediate and long-term bond strength of ceramic-coated ultratranslucent zirconia that is properly or excessively etched. METHODS AND MATERIALS Ceramic-coated zirconia plates were etched with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF) for 2 or 5 minutes, after which the surface morphology and elemental composition were examined. The etched specimens were treated with different primers including methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-only containing primer, silane-only containing primer, MDP and silane-containing ceramic primer as well as MDP and silane-containing adhesive system. For surface contact angle and shear bond strength (SBS) data, the difference between groups was evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and three-way ANOVA factorial analysis, respectively. The statistical significance level of 0.05 was set and the Tukey test and the Dunnett-T3 test were used for post-hoc multiple comparisons. RESULTS Excessive etching (9.5% HF for 5 minutes) led to overconsumption of the glass layer and exposure of zirconia substrate compared to proper etching (9.5% HF for 2 minutes). Among different primers, the surface contact angle of the silane-only containing primer group was the lowest. The silane-only containing primer and MDP and silane-containing ceramic primer produced higher shear bond strength of properly and excessively etched ceramic-coated zirconia, respectively, both before and after thermal aging. CONCLUSIONS The silane-only containing primer and MDP and silane-containing primer can obtain better immediate and long-term shear bond strength for properly and excessively etched ceramic-coated zirconia, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Deng
- Jiuhong Deng, postgraduate, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - C Jin
- Chunxiao Jin, postgraduate, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - L Zhu
- Liqing Zhu, postgraduate, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - L Liu
- Liren Liu, postgraduate, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Y Huang
- Yun Huang, postgraduate, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - P Zhao
- Peng Zhao, postgraduate, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - S Gao
- *Shanshan Gao, DDS, associate professor, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmed MH, Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Yao C, Matsukawa A, Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B. Acrylamide monomers in universal adhesives. Dent Mater 2023; 39:246-259. [PMID: 36710097 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mono-functional monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is often added to universal adhesives (UAs) to improve surface wetting and prevent phase separation. Nevertheless, HEMA promotes water sorption and hydrolysis at adhesive interfaces, hereby affecting long-term bonding to dentin. This study investigated if two acrylamide monomers could replace HEMA in an UA formulation applied in etch-and-rinse (2E&R) and self-etch (1SE) bonding mode. METHODS Four experimental UAs were bonded to bur-cut dentin. In addition to 12 wt% 10-MDP, 25 wt% Bis-GMA and 10 wt% TEGDMA as common monomer composition, 20 %wt ethanol and 15 %wt water as solvent, and 3 wt% polymerization-related additives, the four formulations solely differed for either the acrylamide cross-linker monomer 'FAM-201' as TEGDMA alternative and HEMA replacement, the hydroxyethyl acrylamide monomer 'HEAA' as HEMA alternative, HEMA ('HEMA+'), or extra TEGDMA in a HEMA-free control ('HEMA-'), all added in a 15 wt% concentration. The split-tooth study design involved application in 2E&R mode on one tooth half versus 1SE mode on the corresponding half. Micro-tensile bond strength of half of the micro-specimens was measured upon 1-week distilled water storage ('immediate' 1w μTBS), with the other half measured after additional 6-month storage ('aged' 6 m μTBS). Statistics involved linear mixed-effects (LME) modelling (p < .05). Additionally, interfacial TEM characterization, thin-film (TF) XRD surface analysis, LogP determination, and a cytotoxicity assay were carried out. RESULTS FAM-201 revealed significantly higher μTBS than HEMA+ at 1w and 6 m when applied both in E&R and SE bonding modes. HEAA's μTBS was significantly lower than that of HEMA+ at 1w when applied in SE mode. TF-XRD and TEM revealed similar chemical and ultrastructural interfacial characterization, including stable 10-MDP_Ca salt nano-layering. FAM-201 was least cytotoxic and presented with an intermediary LogP, while HEAA presented with the highest LogP, indicating high hydrophilicity and water-sorption sensitivity. SIGNIFICANCE The acrylamide co-monomer FAM-201 could replace HEMA in an UA formulation, while HEAA not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Ahmed
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; Tanta University, Department of Dental Biomaterials, Tanta, Egypt
| | - K Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Takamatsu, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - N Nagaoka
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - C Yao
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Matsukawa
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - B Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alhomuod M, Phark JH, Duarte S. Bond strength to different CAD/CAM lithium disilicate reinforced ceramics. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:129-137. [PMID: 36424883 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the microstructure and the influence of applying universal adhesive only versus universal adhesive with additional silane application on shear bond strength (SBS) to four different lithium disilicate ceramic (LDC) materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specimens (n = 240, 1.5 mm thick) cut from four different CAD/CAM materials were polished and etched with 4.5% hydrofluoric (HF) acid according to manufacturers' instructions (20 s: IPS e.max CAD, n!ce; 30 s: Amber Mill, CEREC Tessera). For cementation, either universal adhesive only or silane + universal adhesive were applied before prefabricated composite cylinders were cemented using a dual-cure resin cement. SBS testing was performed either after 24 h or after 20,000 cycles thermocycling +2 months water storage. Surfaces were analyzed with stereomicroscope for failure mode and with scanning-electron microscopy for microstructure of the LDC. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with non-parametric tests at α = 0.001. RESULT SBS values for non-aged specimens ranged from 29.08 to 17.87 MPa and for aged specimens from 22.24 to 3.01 MPa. SBS was significantly reduced when silane was omitted after aging, (p < 0.001). Failure mode was mostly mixed with some cohesive failures in the LDC. CONCLUSION Bond strengths are highly affected by the CAD/CAM LDC and their microstructures. The application of silane after hydrofluoric etching is still essential to obtain long-term bonding, irrespective of the presence of silane in the universal adhesive. Water degradation can significantly affect long-term bonding to novel LDC. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE When using a universal adhesive for bonding to LDC restorations, the best long-term bond is achieved if an additional application of silane precedes the universal adhesive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alhomuod
- Advanced Operative and Adhesive Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jin-Ho Phark
- Advanced Operative and Adhesive Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sillas Duarte
- Advanced Operative and Adhesive Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pucci J, Dal Picolo MZ, Brasil L, Giannini M, Cavalli V. Influence of surface treatment and ageing on the bond strength of resin cement to hybrid and glass-ceramic CAD/CAM materials. Prim Dent J 2022; 11:78-85. [PMID: 36533364 DOI: 10.1177/20501684221133274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The influence of different surface treatments and ageing on the shear bond strength (SBS) of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials is still contentious. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of surface treatments and ageing on the SBS of resin cement to polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) CAD/CAM materials. Specimens of PICN (n=10) and ZLS (n=10) were submitted to four surface treatment groups: 1) 5% hydrofluoric acid etching (HF) + silanisation (SI); 2) Air abrasion (AB)+HF+SI; 3) HF + universal adhesive (UA); 4) AB+HF+SI+UA. The treated specimens were bonded with resin cement cylinders and tested in SBS after 24 h and one year of water storage. Data were assessed by "analysis of variance" (ANOVA) and Tukey test (α=0.05) and failure modes were classified. No significant differences were observed among treatments at each evaluation time (p>0.05). SBS decreased after one year of storage, except for PICN treated with HF+UA (p=0.068). Air-abraded groups displayed a lower SBS reduction for ZLS. PICN and ZLS exhibited predominantly adhesive and mixed failures, but at one year, PICN cohesive failures increased. In conclusion, HF+UA is an effective surface treatment for PICN, while the combination AB+HF+SI+UA was more appropriate for ZLS. The water storage for one year reduced the SBS for most groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Pucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara Zaghi Dal Picolo
- PhD student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laila Brasil
- Private Practice and Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cavalli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yilmaz F, Yazkan B, Herguner Siso S. Effects of different universal adhesives and surface treatments on repair bond strength between resin composites. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:1068-1076. [PMID: 35578442 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different universal adhesives and surface treatments on the repair bond strength between resin composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 220 composite samples were divided into three groups according to the adhesive resin to be applied: 1) Scotchbond Universal, 2) G-Premio Bond, and 3) Peak Universal Bond. They were then divided into seven subgroups according to surface treatments (n = 10): A) air abrasion, B) air abrasion+silane, C) hydrofluoric acid, D) hydrofluoric acid+silane, E) air abrasion+hydrofluoric acid+silane, F) silane, and G) no surface treatment (negative control). After surface treatment, a repair composite was applied. Samples aged in the thermocycle were subjected to micro-tensile bond strength testing. Cohesive strength values of 10 non-aged composite blocks were used as a positive control. Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests were used for statistical evaluation. Fractured surfaces were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS In Scotchbond Universal and G-Premio Bond, the mean micro-tensile bond strength value of the no surface treatment subgroup was significantly lower than that of the positive control. All subgroups of Peak Universal Bond showed similar values to the positive control. CONCLUSION While Scotchbond Universal and G-Premio Bond required mechanical roughening before adhesive application, Peak Universal Bond did not require any surface treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Different universal adhesives may show different repair bonding strengths with different surface treatments. Since achieving a standard in this regard can be associated with many independent factors, clinicians should determine how to apply the adhesive they use most effectively with the most appropriate surface treatment based on their own clinical experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yilmaz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Turkey
| | - Basak Yazkan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Seyda Herguner Siso
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Phark JH, Duarte S. Microstructural considerations for novel lithium disilicate glass ceramics: A review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:92-103. [PMID: 34995008 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the ultrastructural characteristics of novel lithium disilicate based glass ceramics (LDC), how their manufacturing process influences their structure and their clinical use. OVERVIEW Lithium disilicate based glass ceramic has been successfully used for indirect restorations ranging from partial tooth coverage up to tooth replacement for over 20 years. It combines esthetic and mechanical properties, unlike any other indirect material which makes it an indispensable part of esthetic and restorative dentistry. Recently, novel LDCs have been introduced to the market. Parameters for their use and their microstructure are still not been widely known. This article will review these materials and highlight with high-resolution scanning electron microscopic images their structural aspects and their resulting clinical relevance. CONCLUSION Restorations made from LDCs are reliable and can be predictably used only when proper guidelines and protocols during manufacturing and clinical use are followed. For novel LDCs manufacturing and long-term bonding protocols still must be established. Moreover, novel LDCs machinable blocks should be crystallized or heat-treated after milling for superior performance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE With more and newer etchable LDC materials entering the market, clinicians and technicians need to be aware of the differences in manufacturing and the resulting microstructure to ensure a successful treatment outcome that will last.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Phark
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sillas Duarte
- Advanced Operative and Adhesive Dentistry, Division of Restorative Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vukelja J, Klarić Sever E, Sever I, Jukić Krmek S, Tarle Z. Effect of Conventional Adhesive Application or Co-Curing Technique on Dentin Bond Strength. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247664. [PMID: 34947259 PMCID: PMC8709259 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of two different adhesive application methods on shear dentin bond strength (ISO 29022) using three various adhesive systems. A mid-coronal section of 77 intact third human molars with fully developed apices was made to create flat bonding substrates. The materials used in the study were Excite F (Ivoclar Vivadent), Prime&Bond Universal (Dentsply Sirona) and G-Premio Bond (GC). The application of each adhesion system was performed in two different ways. In the first group, the bonding agent was light cured immediately after the application (conventional method), while in the second group the adhesive and composite were cured concurrently (“co-curing” method). A total of 180 specimens were prepared (3 adhesives × 2 method of application × 30 specimens per experimental group), stored at 37 °C in distilled water and fractured in shear mode after 1 week. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Weibull statistics. The highest bond strength was obtained for Prime&Bond conventional (21.7 MPa), whilst the lowest bond strength was observed when co-curing was used (particularly, Excite F 12.2 MPa). The results showed a significant difference between conventional and co-curing methods in all materials. According to reliability analysis, the co-curing method diminished bond reliability. Different application techniques exhibit different bond strengths to dentin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Vukelja
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.S.); (S.J.K.); (Z.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +38-598-183-8319
| | - Eva Klarić Sever
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.S.); (S.J.K.); (Z.T.)
| | | | - Silvana Jukić Krmek
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.S.); (S.J.K.); (Z.T.)
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (E.K.S.); (S.J.K.); (Z.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alkhudhairy F, Vohra F, Naseem M, Owais MM, Amer AHB, Almutairi KB. Color stability and degree of conversion of a novel dibenzoyl germanium derivative containing photo-polymerized resin luting cement. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 18:2280800020917326. [PMID: 32552201 DOI: 10.1177/2280800020917326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the color stability and degree of conversion (DC) of a resin cement containing a dibenzoyl germanium derivative photo-initiator (Variolink Esthetic) to resin cements containing conventional luting agents. MATERIALS AND METHOD Spectrophotometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to compare the color stability and DC, respectively, of Variolink Esthetic compared to Calibra, Variolink-N, and NX3 resin cements. Ten specimens (1 × 2 mm2) of each resin cement were photo-polymerized and then subjected to color stability assessments. In addition, 30 samples of each of the four resin cements were prepared and then immersed in three staining solutions (tea, coffee, and distilled water) for two weeks. Changes in color for the immersed versus non-immersed specimens (control specimens) were determined by comparing ΔL (lightness), Δa, and Δb (color components), and an overall ΔE (color difference) obtained from spectrophotometry assays. One-way analysis of variance and a multiple comparison test (Tukey's test) were used to analyze color stability and DC data. NX3 and Variolink Esthetic resin cements exhibited significantly lower values compared to the dual cured resin cements (Variolink-N and Calibra). RESULTS The highest DC values were observed among the photo-polymerized samples of Variolink Esthetic (87.18 ± 2.90%), while the lowest DC values were observed among the Variolink-N samples (44.55 ± 4.33%). CONCLUSION The resin cement, Variolink Esthetic, containing a novel dibenzoyl germanium derivative photo-initiator exhibited superior color stability (p < 0.05) and a higher DC than other resin cements containing conventional luting agents in an in vitro setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Dow international Dental College (DIDC), Dow University Of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dias MF, Espíndola-Castro LF, Lins-Filho PC, Teixeira HM, Silva CHV, Guimarães RP. Influence of different thermopolymerization methods on composite resin microhardness. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e335-e341. [PMID: 32382382 PMCID: PMC7195686 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Additional heat polymerization in composite resins allows greater effectiveness of microhardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness, wear resistance, and increased color stability.
Material and Methods 150 composite resin specimens were made using a 4 mm diameter and 2 mm thick bipartite steel matrix. Five resins composed of different compositions were tested (Brilliant Everglow/Coltene, Filtek One BulkFill/3M, Filtek P60/3M, Filtek Z350XT/3M, Filtek Z250XT/3M), and for each of them three types of polymerization were tested: light curing only (n=50); photopolymerization + autoclave thermopolymerization (n=50) and photopolymerization + microwave thermopolymerization (n=50). Each specimen was submitted to three indentations by means of the Vickers microhardness test, applying a load of 300gf, associated with the time of 15s. Data were analyzed descriptively by means of statistics, standard deviation and coefficient of variation and inferentially by the F test (ANOVA) in the comparison between groups. The margin of error used in statistical test decisions was 5%.
Results The highest vicker microhardness averages were from the Control group (light curing only) on P60 (82.16) and Z250 XT (79.61) resins. The lowest averages were all verified on Brilliant Everglow resin in all polymerization methods studied: Photopolymerization (37.32), with microwave (43.80) and autoclave (45.12), followed by Bulk Fill 3M resin, ranged from 52.23 to 59.15.
Conclusions Both autoclave and microwave thermopolymerization methods showed similar behavior on the microhardness of the composites studied. Considering the resin type, there was a varied behavior compared to thermopolymerization, which increased the microhardness values for Brilliant Everglow resins (Coltene) and Filtek One Bulkfill (3M) and decreased for Filtek P60, Filtek Z350XT and Filtek Z250XT resins. Key words:Dentistry, composite resins, polymerization.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cuevas-Suárez CE, de Oliveira da Rosa WL, Vitti RP, da Silva AF, Piva E. Bonding Strength of Universal Adhesives to Indirect Substrates: A Meta-Analysis of in Vitro Studies. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:298-308. [PMID: 31994803 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the in vitro bond strength of universal adhesive systems to indirect substrates. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two reviewers performed a literature search up to March 2018 in seven databases: PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS, IBECS, and BBO. The review included studies that compared the bond strength of universal adhesives and well-established material-specific primers to indirect substrates: lithium disilicate ceramic, yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide ceramic, leucite-reinforced ceramic, feldspathic porcelain, polymer infiltrated ceramic material, resin composite or metal alloys. Analyses were carried out using RevMan 5.3.5. A global comparison was performed with the standardized mean difference using a random-effects models at a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 45 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, and the meta-analysis was performed with 42 studies. Bond strength to glass-based ceramics and alloys was improved with the use of a specific-primer as separate step before the bonding procedures (lithium disilicate, p < 0.001; alloys, p < 0.001). The bond strength to zirconium substrates was improved with the use of universal adhesives (p < 0.001). For bond strength to composite resin as indirect substrate, universal adhesives performed in a manner similar to that of the material-specific primer (p = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS The clinical procedure of luting zirconia and resin composite restorations could be simplified by using single-bottle universal adhesives. However, the ability of universal adhesives to achieve an adequate and durable bond to glass-based ceramics and alloys appears to be limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hgo, 42160, Mexico
| | - Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Goncalves Cháves 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pino Vitti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Taubaté, Quatro de Março, 432, Taubaté, 12020-270, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fernandes da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Goncalves Cháves 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Goncalves Cháves 457, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
LANZA MDS, VASCONCELLOS WA, MIRANDA GLPD, PEIXOTO RTRDC, LANZA LD. Different bonding agents effect on adhesive bond strength: lithium disilicate glass ceramic. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction The silanization of the ceramic surface prior to applying the adhesive and/or resinous materials plays an important role in bond strength. Nowadays, a new family of adhesive systems has been introduced into the market, aiming to simplify the technique of adhesive procedures during cementation. Objective To investigate the effectiveness of different bonding agents containing silane and primer on Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic (LD) surface by shear bond strength tests. Material and method 130 LD ceramic blocks were included in acrylic resin, polished and washed in ultrasound for 10 minutes. The specimens were divided into 2 groups according to surface treatment: Polished Surface (PS); Hydrofluoric Acid 9.5% - 20s (HF). Each group was divided into 5 subgroups (n = 13) according to bonding agent type: metallic primer containing MDP (ZPrimePlus, Bisco Inc); two traditional silanes (MonobondPlus, IvoclarVivadent / Porcelain Prime, Bisco Inc.); mixture of silane and resin (Kerr Silane, Kerr); mixture of silane and universal adhesive (Single-bond Universal, 3M Espe). The specimens were mounted in a standard device for shear testing (UltradentBonding Assembly), cemented with dual resin cement (RelyX UltimateTM, 3M Espe.) and photo-polymerized for 20s. The samples were tested after 24 hours and 3 months of storage in distilled water at ±36 °C. The data were analyzed by 3-Way Anova and Tukey's test (α = 5%). Result Shear bond strength (SBS) was significantly influenced by surface treatment, bonding agent used and storage (p <0.001). Conclusion Adequate adhesive bond strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic can be obtained with traditional silanes, combined with HF acid pretreatment surface.
Collapse
|
17
|
Straface A, Rupp L, Gintaute A, Fischer J, Zitzmann NU, Rohr N. HF etching of CAD/CAM materials: influence of HF concentration and etching time on shear bond strength. Head Face Med 2019; 15:21. [PMID: 31395069 PMCID: PMC6686502 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-019-0206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The required pretreatment of CAD/CAM ceramic materials before resin composite cement application varies among studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time on the shear bond strength (SBS) of two adhesive and two self-adhesive resin composite cements to different CAD/CAM ceramic materials. Methods SBS of two adhesive (Panavia V5, Kuraray, [PV5]; Vita Adiva F-Cem, Vita Zahnfabrik, [VAF]) and two self-adhesive (RelyX Unicem 2 Automix, 3 M Espe, [RUN]; Vita Adiva S-Cem, Vita, [VAS]) cements to four different CAD/CAM materials (Vitablocs Mark II, Vita, [VM]; Vita Enamic, Vita, [VE]; e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, [EC]; Vita Suprinity PC, Vita, [VS]) was measured. The effect of the surface pretreatment by using two different hydrofluoric acid products (HF5% Vita Ceramics Etch, Vita and HF9% buffered, Ultradent Porcelain Etch, Ultradent Products) were assessed at etching times of 0 s, 5 s, 15 s, 30s and 60s for each cement and restorative material combination (n = 10 per group, total n = 1440). Results Significant effects were found for the etching time and cement for all materials with highest shear bond strength for etching times of 60s = 30s = 15 s ≥ 5 s > 0 s and for RUN>PV5 = VAF > VAS (p < 0.05). Etching with HF5% for 5 s to 15 s resulted in higher SBS values, while no differences were observed between HF5% and HF9% buffered when the substrates were etched for 30s to 60s (p < 0.05). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study the recommended surface pretreatment of silicate ceramics is HF etching with concentrations of 5% or 9% for 15 s to 60s to achieve highest shear bond strength while the glassy matrix is sufficiently dissolved. The tested resin composite cements can be applied with all tested materials and suggested for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Straface
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lena Rupp
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aiste Gintaute
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jens Fischer
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola U Zitzmann
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Rohr
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Awad MM, Albedaiwi L, Almahdy A, Khan R, Silikas N, Hatamleh MM, Alkhtani FM, Alrahlah A. Effect of universal adhesives on microtensile bond strength to hybrid ceramic. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:178. [PMID: 31387557 PMCID: PMC6685274 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of universal adhesives (UA) and silane on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of resin cement to a hybrid ceramic Vita Enamic (VE). Methods VE specimens were acid etched using hydrofluoric acid (HF) and were assigned to three groups (n = 10) based on the applied bonding technique. In group 1 (S), a silane-based primer was used as a surface treatment prior to the application of a resin cement (Variolink Esthetic DC). In group 2, a silane-containing UA, Clearfil Universal Bond (CUB) was used for the surface treatment, and in group 3, A silane-free UA, Tetric N-Bond Universal (TNU) was used for surface treatment. Resin cement build-ups were prepared. The bonded specimens were sectioned into resin-ceramic beams. Half of the beams of each group were stored for 24 h at 37 °C and the other half were subjected to a thermo-cycling aging. The microtensile bond strength (μTBS) was measured at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure modes were assessed accordingly. Data were analyzed using a) two-way analysis of variance ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests between groups and b) independent t-test to detect differences (α = 0.05) for each group. The surface topographies of the ceramic surface were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Results The results showed that silane-based primer (S) application resulted in significantly higher (p < 0.05) μTBS values after 24 h and after thermocycling compared to both silane-containing UA (CUB) and silane-free UA (TNU). The μTBS values of all groups were significantly reduced after thermocycling. No statistically significant difference was observed between the μTBS of CUB and TNU after 24 h. However, TNU showed significantly higher μTBS after thermocycling. Different failure modes were observed, and adhesive failure was the most common in all groups. Marked surface topographic changes were observed following HF etching. Conclusion It is concluded that, the UAs tested cannot be recommended as substitutes to the silanization of Hybrid ceramic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Awad
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamees Albedaiwi
- Preventive Dental Program, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, 11179, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Almahdy
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan research chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nick Silikas
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Fahad M Alkhtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alrahlah
- Engineer Abdullah Bugshan research chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia. .,Department Of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arpa C, Ceballos L, Fuentes MV, Perdigão J. Repair bond strength and nanoleakage of artificially aged CAD-CAM composite resin. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:523-530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
20
|
Nagarkar S, Theis-Mahon N, Perdigão J. Universal dental adhesives: Current status, laboratory testing, and clinical performance. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:2121-2131. [PMID: 30637932 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Increasing demand for simplified and user-friendly adhesive systems has led to the development of a new class of adhesives termed as Universal Adhesives (UAs). The term "Universal" reflects manufacturers' claims that these adhesives can be applied with any adhesion strategy and offer the versatility of use with a variety of direct and indirect restorative materials. The aim of this review was to synthesize the literature regarding the current status of UAs, their adhesion potential to various substrates and their performance in different restorative situations. In vitro studies, clinical trials and systematic reviews were identified utilizing controlled vocabulary and keyword searches in Medline and EMBASE databases. About 282 studies (272 in vitro studies; 11 clinical studies) were included. Available laboratory and clinical evidence does not support the claim that UAs can be used with any adhesive strategy. Although, they can chemically bond to various tooth and direct/indirect restorative substrates, the stability of this bond is material-dependent and subject to hydrolytic degradation. Hence, additional measures are still needed to ensure long-term durability. which undermines the versatility of UAs. The lack of long-term data regarding the clinical performance of UAs further complicates clinical decision-making. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2121-2131, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Nagarkar
- Park Dental Group, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Clinical Research Assistant Professor (affiliated), Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Jorge Perdigão
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sundfeld D, Palialol ARM, Fugolin APP, Ambrosano GMB, Correr-Sobrinho L, Martins LRM, Pfeifer CS. The effect of hydrofluoric acid and resin cement formulation on the bond strength to lithium disilicate ceramic. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e43. [PMID: 29846386 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate how the hydrofluoric acid (HF) concentrations applied to a lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (EMX) affects the surface morphology and microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of ceramics to dentin, using light-cured resin cements with or without UDMA. Sixty-three EMX square ceramic blocks were etched for 20 seconds using different HF concentrations (1%, 5% and 10%) and luted to dentin using two types of resin cement combinations: BisGMA/TEGDMA and BisGMA/TEGDMA/UDMA (n = 10). Each bonded EMX-dentin block was sectioned to obtain 1 mm2 sticks for μTBS evaluation. Half of the sticks were tested after 24 hours and the other half was assessed after 6 months of water storage. Data were statistically assessed using split-plot three-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). One EMX sample from each HF concentration was analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) to characterize the etching pattern. According to the FE-SEM images, increasing the concentration of HF from 1 to 5 and then to 10% led to increased removal of glassy matrix and greater exposure of lithium disilicate crystals. The 10% HF concentration yielded higher μTBS when compared to 1% for BisGMA/TEGDMA formulation (p < 0.05); whereas HF 1% and 5% showed similar μTBS values when compared to 10% HF for BisGMA/TEGDMA/UDMA resin matrix (p > 0.05) at both storage times. Water aging decreased the μTBS values (p < 0.05), except when 10% HF was associated with BisGMA/TEGDMA resin cement. Resin cement formulation and hydrofluoric acid concentrations can interfere with the immediate and long-term glass-ceramic bond strength to dentin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sundfeld
- Ingá University Center - UNINGÁ, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Alan Rodrigo Muniz Palialol
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Piovesan Fugolin
- Oregon Health & Science University - OHSU, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Social Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Roberto Marcondes Martins
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Carmem Silvia Pfeifer
- Oregon Health & Science University - OHSU, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Portland, Oregon, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Alkhudhairy F, AlKheraif A, Naseem M, Khan R, Vohra F. Degree of conversion and depth of cure of Ivocerin containing photo-polymerized resin luting cement in comparison to conventional luting agents. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34:253-259. [PMID: 29805389 PMCID: PMC5954360 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.342.14491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) and depth (extent) of cure of four resin cements (Variolink E, Calibra, NX3 and Variolink N) using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Vickers Micro hardness (MH). METHODS Ten disks (1mmx2mm) of each resin cement were light cured through a ceramic disk for 40 seconds prior to assessment. The ATR spectra of the uncured resin were collected in absorbance mode from 16 scans at 4 wave number resolutions. Degree of conversion was calculated by estimating the changes in peak height ratio of the absorbance intensities of aliphatic C=C peak at 1638 cm-1 and that of an internal standard peak of aromatic C=C at 1608 cm-1 during polymerization. For Vickers microhardness testing 10 disks of each cement specimen was exposed to 100 grams of load for 15 seconds. Three indentations were made 0.5mm apart and an average Vickers micro-hardness (MH) for each specimen. Two way ANOVA and multiple comparison tests were performed to assess data. RESULTS The highest degree of conversion by peak area was shown by Variolink-Esthetic [light-cure (87.18±2.90%)]; however the lowest was observed in samples of Variolink-N [Dual cure (44.55±4.33%)]. Similarly, Variolink-Esthetic and NX3 cement showed significantly higher MH as compared to other groups. CONCLUSION Ivocerin containing Variolink-E cement showed high degree of conversion and extent of polymerization when compared to conventional light and dual cure luting cements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkhudhairy
- Fahad Alkhudhairy, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz AlKheraif
- Abdulaziz AlKheraif, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Mustafa Naseem, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Dar Al Uloom University Al Mizan St, Al-Falah, Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- Rawaiz Khan, College of Dentistry Research Center (CDRC), College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahim Vohra
- FahimVohra, Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tsujimoto A, Barkmeier WW, Takamizawa T, Watanabe H, Johnson WW, Latta MA, Miyazaki M. Simulated localized wear of resin luting cements for universal adhesive systems with different curing mode. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:29-36. [PMID: 29375099 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the simulated localized wear of resin luting cements for universal adhesive systems using different curing modes. Five resin luting cements for universal adhesive systems were evaluated and subsequently subjected to wear challenge in a Leinfelder-Suzuki wear simulation device. Overall, 20 specimens from each resin luting cement were photo-cured for 40 s (dual-cure group), and 20 specimens of each material were not photo-cured (chemical-cure group). Simulated localized wear was generated using a stainless steel ball-bearing antagonist in water slurry of polymethylmethacrylate beads. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of resin luting cements and wear facets were conducted. Significant differences in simulated wear and SEM observations of wear facets were evident among the materials in the dual- and chemical-cure groups. The simulated wear and SEM observations of wear facets of G-CEM LinkForce and Panavia V5 were not influenced by the curing mode. SEM observations of resin luting cements were material dependent. In most cases, dual curing appears to ensure greater wear resistance of resin luting cements than chemical curing alone. The wear resistance of some resin luting cements appears to be material dependent and is not influenced by the curing mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry
| | - Wayne W Barkmeier
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry
| | | | - Hidehiko Watanabe
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University School of Dentistry
| | - William W Johnson
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry
| | - Mark A Latta
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bellan MC, Cunha PFJSD, Tavares JG, Spohr AM, Mota EG. Microtensile bond strength of CAD/CAM materials to dentin under different adhesive strategies. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e109. [PMID: 29267670 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariá Cortina Bellan
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| | | | - Julieta Gomes Tavares
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gonçalves Mota
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Basting RT, Basting RT, Velarde Barrientos S, Bridi EC, França FMG, Turssi CP, Amaral FLBD. Titanium tetrafluoride incorporated into a two-step self-etching adhesive system: physico-mechanical characterization and bonding stability. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 75:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
26
|
Puppin-Rontani J, Sundfeld D, Costa AR, Correr AB, Puppin-Rontani RM, Borges GA, Sinhoreti M, Correr-Sobrinho L. Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration and Etching Time on Bond Strength to Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic. Oper Dent 2017; 42:606-615. [PMID: 28708007 DOI: 10.2341/16-215-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) associated with varied etching times on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of a resin cement to a lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Two hundred seventy-five ceramic blocks (IPS e.max Press [EMX], Ivoclar Vivadent), measuring 8 mm × 3 mm thickness, were randomly distributed into five groups according to the HF concentrations (n=50): 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Further random distribution into subgroups was performed according to the following etching times (n=10): 20, 40, 60, 120, and 20 + 20 seconds. After etching, all blocks were treated with a silane coupling agent followed by a thin layer of an unfilled resin. Three resin cement cylinders (∅=1 mm) were made on each EMX surface, which was then stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 hours before testing. The μSBS was in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure. Data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance, and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05). One representative EMX sample was etched according to the description of each subgroup and evaluated using scanning electron microscopy for surface characterization. The HF concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% provided significantly higher μSBS values than 1% and 2.5% (p<0.05), regardless of the etching times. For 1% and 2.5% HF, the etching times from 40 to 120 seconds increased the μSBS values compared with 20 seconds (p<0.05), but etching periods did not differ within the 5%, 7.5%, and 10% HF groups (p>0.05). The effect of re-etching was more evident for 1% and 2.5% HF (p<0.05). Different HF concentrations/etching times directly influenced the bond strength and surface morphology of EMX.
Collapse
|
27
|
Awad MM, Alqahtani H, Al-Mudahi A, Murayshed MS, Alrahlah A, Bhandi SH. Adhesive Bonding to Computer-aided Design/ Computer-aided Manufacturing Esthetic Dental Materials: An Overview. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18:622-626. [PMID: 28713119 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To review the adhesive bonding to different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) esthetic restorative materials. BACKGROUND The use of CAD/CAM esthetic restorative materials has gained popularity in recent years. Several CAD/ CAM esthetic restorative materials are commercially available. Adhesive bonding is a major determinant of success of CAD/ CAM restorations. Review result: An account of the currently available bonding strategies are discussed with their rationale in various CAD/ CAM materials. CONCLUSION Different surface treatment methods as well as adhesion promoters can be used to achieve reliable bonding of CAD/CAM restorative materials. Selection of bonding strategy to such material is determined based on its composition. Further evidence is required to evaluate the effect of new surface treatment methods, such as nonthermal atmospheric plasma and self-etching ceramic primer on bonding to different dental ceramics. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE An understanding of the currently available bonding strategies to CA/CAM materials can help the clinician to select the most indicated system for each category of materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Moustafa Awad
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Dentistry, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, e-mail:
| | - H Alqahtani
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Dentistry, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A Al-Mudahi
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Dentistry, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M S Murayshed
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Dentistry, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alrahlah
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shilpa H Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|